Linux
Monthly
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sctp: prevent possible shift-out-of-bounds in sctp_transport_update_rto syzbot reported a possible shift-out-of-bounds [1] Blamed commit added rto_alpha_max and rto_beta_max set to 1000. It is unclear if some sctp users are setting very large rto_alpha and/or rto_beta. In order to prevent user regression, perform the test at run time. Also add READ_ONCE() annotations as sysctl values can change under us. [1] UBSAN: shift-out-of-bounds in net/sctp/transport.c:509:41 shift exponent 64 is too large for 32-bit type 'unsigned int' CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 16704 Comm: syz.2.2320 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/02/2025 Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x16c/0x1f0 lib/dump_stack.c:120 ubsan_epilogue lib/ubsan.c:233 [inline] __ubsan_handle_shift_out_of_bounds+0x27f/0x420 lib/ubsan.c:494 sctp_transport_update_rto.cold+0x1c/0x34b net/sctp/transport.c:509 sctp_check_transmitted+0x11c4/0x1c30 net/sctp/outqueue.c:1502 sctp_outq_sack+0x4ef/0x1b20 net/sctp/outqueue.c:1338 sctp_cmd_process_sack net/sctp/sm_sideeffect.c:840 [inline] sctp_cmd_interpreter net/sctp/sm_sideeffect.c:1372 [inline]
Local privilege escalation via kernel memory corruption in the Linux kernel's TIPC (Transparent Inter-Process Communication) subsystem allows a local attacker with network-admin capability to trigger a use-after-free in tipc_mon_reinit_self(). The flaw stems from tipc_net_finalize_work() iterating the RTNL-protected monitors[] array from a workqueue without holding the RTNL lock, letting freed monitor structures be accessed. Reported by syzbot with no public exploit and a very low EPSS (0.05%); it is not in CISA KEV, and a vendor fix is available across all supported stable branches.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: sched: act_connmark: initialize struct tc_ife to fix kernel leak In tcf_connmark_dump(), the variable 'opt' was partially initialized using a designatied initializer. While the padding bytes are reamined uninitialized. nla_put() copies the entire structure into a netlink message, these uninitialized bytes leaked to userspace. Initialize the structure with memset before assigning its fields to ensure all members and padding are cleared prior to beign copied.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: sched: act_ife: initialize struct tc_ife to fix KMSAN kernel-infoleak Fix a KMSAN kernel-infoleak detected by the syzbot . [net?] KMSAN: kernel-infoleak in __skb_datagram_iter In tcf_ife_dump(), the variable 'opt' was partially initialized using a designatied initializer. While the padding bytes are reamined uninitialized. nla_put() copies the entire structure into a netlink message, these uninitialized bytes leaked to userspace. Initialize the structure with memset before assigning its fields to ensure all members and padding are cleared prior to beign copied. This change silences the KMSAN report and prevents potential information leaks from the kernel memory. This fix has been tested and validated by syzbot. This patch closes the bug reported at the following syzkaller link and ensures no infoleak.
Out-of-bounds memory access in the Linux kernel's DRM vmwgfx (VMware SVGA/virtual GPU) driver allows a local, low-privileged user to trigger buffer over-reads or over-writes by submitting a command with an unvalidated header size. The driver failed to validate the userspace-supplied command header size against SVGA_CMD_MAX_DATASIZE before using it in buffer offset calculations, enabling an overflow that leads to out-of-bounds access with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact (CVSS 7.8). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and with an EPSS of 0.05% (16th percentile) the vulnerability is not currently listed in CISA KEV.
Information disclosure and memory corruption in the Linux kernel's drm/panthor GPU driver (ARM Mali CSF GPUs, kernel 6.10 through the 6.17.x series) arises because the driver maps freshly allocated shmem-backed GPU buffers as CPU-uncached without flushing the cached zeroing writes performed by the shmem layer, leaving dirty cachelines that can leak previously freed data or asynchronously corrupt buffer contents when those lines are later evicted. A local low-privileged user with access to the panthor GPU device can trigger the condition through normal buffer allocation. This carries CVSS 7.3; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the EPSS score is very low (0.03%, 9th percentile).
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: usb-audio: Fix NULL pointer dereference in snd_usb_mixer_controls_badd In snd_usb_create_streams(), for UAC version 3 devices, the Interface Association Descriptor (IAD) is retrieved via usb_ifnum_to_if(). If this call fails, a fallback routine attempts to obtain the IAD from the next interface and sets a BADD profile. However, snd_usb_mixer_controls_badd() assumes that the IAD retrieved from usb_ifnum_to_if() is always valid, without performing a NULL check. This can lead to a NULL pointer dereference when usb_ifnum_to_if() fails to find the interface descriptor. This patch adds a NULL pointer check after calling usb_ifnum_to_if() in snd_usb_mixer_controls_badd() to prevent the dereference. This issue was discovered by syzkaller, which triggered the bug by sending a crafted USB device descriptor.
Local memory corruption in the Linux kernel's KVM guest_memfd subsystem (introduced in 6.8) lets a local user with KVM VM-management access trigger a slab use-after-free by racing memslot deletion against release of a dying guest_memfd file. When a memslot is freed before its guest_memfd file is fully released, kvm_gmem_release() writes to already-freed memory, as confirmed by a syzbot/KASAN report. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS is negligible (0.03%, 6th percentile), reflecting a narrow race rather than a broadly weaponizable flaw.
Denial of service and kernel memory corruption in the Linux kernel NFS server (nfsd) allows an NFS client to trigger a linked-list corruption and kernel oops by exploiting improper cleanup of COPY_NOTIFY stateids. When a client performs OPEN then COPY_NOTIFY on the resulting parent stateid, then reboots and forces state expiry via CREATE_SESSION, nfs4_free_ol_stateid() frees the parent without releasing the associated copynotify stateid, so the laundromat worker later corrupts the list and crashes. Carries CVSS 8.8; EPSS is very low (0.05%, 16th percentile) and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege-boundary instability in the Linux kernel's secret memory subsystem (mm/secretmem) stems from a use-after-free race in the page-fault handler for files created via memfd_secret(2). When two tasks fault the same secret-memory page concurrently, the losing task frees its folio before restoring the page to the kernel direct map, briefly returning a not-present page to the allocator; a subsequent allocation and kernel access triggers a supervisor not-present page fault. Affects long-lived kernel branches (5.14 through 6.18-rc) with no public exploit identified at time of analysis and a low EPSS score (0.05%, 16th percentile).
Use-after-free in the Linux kernel's procfs directory-reading path (proc_readdir_de() in fs/proc) allows a local user to trigger a race between directory traversal and concurrent removal of proc entries, corrupting kernel memory. The bug arises because a proc_dir_entry is erased from the subdir red-black tree without clearing the node, so pde_subdir_next() can return a freed node; it was found via stress-ng running getdents against /proc/<pid>/net/dev_snmp6/ while network devices (tun interfaces) are unregistered. Publicly available exploit code exists and a vendor patch is available, but the CVE is not listed in CISA KEV and carries a very low EPSS score (0.05%), indicating no evidence of widespread exploitation.
Local privilege-boundary memory corruption in the Linux kernel's swap subsystem (memory management) allows a race between swapoff on one device and swapin on another to trigger a use-after-free of a swap device structure during VMA (page-table-walking) swap readahead. Introduced by commit 78524b05f1a3 which removed redundant swap device pinning in __read_swap_cache_async, the flaw affects kernels from 6.15 up to the fixed releases; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS is negligible at 0.03%. Impact is scoped to systems with swap enabled across multiple swap devices where the readahead path can encounter entries belonging to a device it does not hold a reference to.
Local privilege escalation and memory corruption in the Linux kernel's ALSA USB-audio driver (snd-usb-audio) arises because PCM transfer packet sizes are computed solely from the sample rate and packets-per-second without validating against the endpoint's wMaxPacketSize limit, allowing a crafted or malformed USB audio descriptor to overflow the URB packet buffer. An attacker with local access and the ability to attach a malicious USB device (or a compromised low-privileged context reaching the audio stack) can trigger heap buffer overflow, as originally reported by syzbot. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS is low (0.16%), but the CVSS 7.8 reflects high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability once triggered.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: cifs: client: fix memory leak in smb3_fs_context_parse_param The user calls fsconfig twice, but when the program exits, free() only frees ctx->source for the second fsconfig, not the first. Regarding fc->source, there is no code in the fs context related to its memory reclamation. To fix this memory leak, release the source memory corresponding to ctx or fc before each parsing. syzbot reported: BUG: memory leak unreferenced object 0xffff888128afa360 (size 96): backtrace (crc 79c9c7ba): kstrdup+0x3c/0x80 mm/util.c:84 smb3_fs_context_parse_param+0x229b/0x36c0 fs/smb/client/fs_context.c:1444 BUG: memory leak unreferenced object 0xffff888112c7d900 (size 96): backtrace (crc 79c9c7ba): smb3_fs_context_fullpath+0x70/0x1b0 fs/smb/client/fs_context.c:629 smb3_fs_context_parse_param+0x2266/0x36c0 fs/smb/client/fs_context.c:1438
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: io_uring/rw: ensure allocated iovec gets cleared for early failure A previous commit reused the recyling infrastructure for early cleanup, but this is not enough for the case where our internal caches have overflowed. If this happens, then the allocated iovec can get leaked if the request is also aborted early. Reinstate the previous forced free of the iovec for that situation.
Out-of-bounds memory access in the Linux kernel's arm64 protected-KVM (pKVM) hypervisor allows a compromised or malicious host kernel to read beyond the bounds of the hypervisor's FF-A (Arm Firmware Framework) shared-memory buffer by supplying an unvalidated composite-memory-region offset in the range [U32_MAX - sizeof(struct ffa_composite_mem_region) + 1, U32_MAX]. Because the host is normally treated as untrusted relative to the hypervisor in the pKVM confidential-compute model, this breaks the host/hypervisor isolation boundary (CVSS scope change) and can disclose hypervisor memory or crash it. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the EPSS score is very low (0.03%), consistent with a hard-to-reach, config-specific hypervisor bug rather than mass exploitation.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vfat: fix missing sb_min_blocksize() return value checks When emulating an nvme device on qemu with both logical_block_size and physical_block_size set to 8 KiB, but without format, a kernel panic was triggered during the early boot stage while attempting to mount a vfat filesystem. [95553.682035] EXT4-fs (nvme0n1): unable to set blocksize [95553.684326] EXT4-fs (nvme0n1): unable to set blocksize [95553.686501] EXT4-fs (nvme0n1): unable to set blocksize [95553.696448] ISOFS: unsupported/invalid hardware sector size 8192 [95553.697117] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [95553.697567] kernel BUG at fs/buffer.c:1582! [95553.697984] Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI [95553.698602] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 7212 Comm: mount Kdump: loaded Not tainted 6.18.0-rc2+ #38 PREEMPT(voluntary) [95553.699511] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.16.3-0-ga6ed6b701f0a-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 [95553.700534] RIP: 0010:folio_alloc_buffers+0x1bb/0x1c0 [95553.701018] Code: 48 8b 15 e8 93 18 02 65 48 89 35 e0 93 18 02 48 83 c4 10 5b 41 5c 41 5d 41 5e 41 5f 5d 31 d2 31 c9 31 f6 31 ff c3 cc cc cc cc <0f> 0b 90 66 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 0f [95553.702648] RSP: 0018:ffffd1b0c676f990 EFLAGS: 00010246 [95553.703132] RAX: ffff8cfc4176d820 RBX: 0000000000508c48 RCX: 0000000000000001 [95553.703805] RDX: 0000000000002000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000000000000000 [95553.704481] RBP: ffffd1b0c676f9c8 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 [95553.705148] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000000001 [95553.705816] R13: 0000000000002000 R14: fffff8bc8257e800 R15: 0000000000000000 [95553.706483] FS: 000072ee77315840(0000) GS:ffff8cfdd2c8d000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 [95553.707248] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 [95553.707782] CR2: 00007d8f2a9e5a20 CR3: 0000000039d0c006 CR4: 0000000000772ef0 [95553.708439] PKRU: 55555554 [95553.708734] Call Trace: [95553.709015] <TASK> [95553.709266] __getblk_slow+0xd2/0x230 [95553.709641] ? find_get_block_common+0x8b/0x530 [95553.710084] bdev_getblk+0x77/0xa0 [95553.710449] __bread_gfp+0x22/0x140 [95553.710810] fat_fill_super+0x23a/0xfc0 [95553.711216] ? __pfx_setup+0x10/0x10 [95553.711580] ? __pfx_vfat_fill_super+0x10/0x10 [95553.712014] vfat_fill_super+0x15/0x30 [95553.712401] get_tree_bdev_flags+0x141/0x1e0 [95553.712817] get_tree_bdev+0x10/0x20 [95553.713177] vfat_get_tree+0x15/0x20 [95553.713550] vfs_get_tree+0x2a/0x100 [95553.713910] vfs_cmd_create+0x62/0xf0 [95553.714273] __do_sys_fsconfig+0x4e7/0x660 [95553.714669] __x64_sys_fsconfig+0x20/0x40 [95553.715062] x64_sys_call+0x21ee/0x26a0 [95553.715453] do_syscall_64+0x80/0x670 [95553.715816] ? __fs_parse+0x65/0x1e0 [95553.716172] ? fat_parse_param+0x103/0x4b0 [95553.716587] ? vfs_parse_fs_param_source+0x21/0xa0 [95553.717034] ? __do_sys_fsconfig+0x3d9/0x660 [95553.717548] ? __x64_sys_fsconfig+0x20/0x40 [95553.717957] ? x64_sys_call+0x21ee/0x26a0 [95553.718360] ? do_syscall_64+0xb8/0x670 [95553.718734] ? __x64_sys_fsconfig+0x20/0x40 [95553.719141] ? x64_sys_call+0x21ee/0x26a0 [95553.719545] ? do_syscall_64+0xb8/0x670 [95553.719922] ? x64_sys_call+0x1405/0x26a0 [95553.720317] ? do_syscall_64+0xb8/0x670 [95553.720702] ? __x64_sys_close+0x3e/0x90 [95553.721080] ? x64_sys_call+0x1b5e/0x26a0 [95553.721478] ? do_syscall_64+0xb8/0x670 [95553.721841] ? irqentry_exit+0x43/0x50 [95553.722211] ? exc_page_fault+0x90/0x1b0 [95553.722681] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e [95553.723166] RIP: 0033:0x72ee774f3afe [95553.723562] Code: 73 01 c3 48 8b 0d 0a 33 0f 00 f7 d8 64 89 01 48 83 c8 ff c3 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 f3 0f 1e fa 49 89 ca b8 af 01 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 8b 0d da 32 0f 00 f7 d8 64 89 01 48 [95553.725188] RSP: 002b:00007ffe97148978 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000001af [95553.725892] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: ---truncated---
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: be2net: pass wrb_params in case of OS2BMC be_insert_vlan_in_pkt() is called with the wrb_params argument being NULL at be_send_pkt_to_bmc() call site. This may lead to dereferencing a NULL pointer when processing a workaround for specific packet, as commit bc0c3405abbb ("be2net: fix a Tx stall bug caused by a specific ipv6 packet") states. The correct way would be to pass the wrb_params from be_xmit().
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Input: cros_ec_keyb - fix an invalid memory access If cros_ec_keyb_register_matrix() isn't called (due to `buttons_switches_only`) in cros_ec_keyb_probe(), `ckdev->idev` remains NULL. An invalid memory access is observed in cros_ec_keyb_process() when receiving an EC_MKBP_EVENT_KEY_MATRIX event in cros_ec_keyb_work() in such case. Unable to handle kernel read from unreadable memory at virtual address 0000000000000028 ... x3 : 0000000000000000 x2 : 0000000000000000 x1 : 0000000000000000 x0 : 0000000000000000 Call trace: input_event cros_ec_keyb_work blocking_notifier_call_chain ec_irq_thread It's still unknown about why the kernel receives such malformed event, in any cases, the kernel shouldn't access `ckdev->idev` and friends if the driver doesn't intend to initialize them.
Local memory corruption in the Linux kernel's imx_sc_key input driver (drivers/input/keyboard/imx_sc_key.c) for NXP i.MX SoCs occurs during module unload/unbind: a devm cleanup action was registered with the address of a stack variable (&priv) instead of the priv pointer itself, so imx_sc_key_action() dereferences a stale stack address. Triggering the corruption requires unloading or unbinding the driver on affected i.MX hardware, and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis. EPSS is negligible (0.05%, 16th percentile) and it is not in CISA KEV, so this is a stability/robustness fix on niche hardware rather than a broadly exploited flaw.
Kernel crash and use-after-free list corruption in the Linux kernel's NVMe-over-Fibre-Channel (nvme-fc) transport driver occurs when tearing down a controller: nvme_fc_delete_ctrl() calls cancel_work_sync() on ->ioerr_work before nvme_fc_delete_association() completes, so a late I/O error can re-queue ->ioerr_work after cancellation and let it run against a freed nvme_fc_ctrl object. The result is a kworker hitting kernel BUG at lib/list_debug.c (list_del corruption) and an oops, affecting hosts using NVMe/FC attached storage. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS is very low (0.05%), consistent with a local, hardware-conditional stability bug rather than a broadly weaponizable flaw.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sched_ext: Fix scx_enable() crash on helper kthread creation failure A crash was observed when the sched_ext selftests runner was terminated with Ctrl+\ while test 15 was running: NIP [c00000000028fa58] scx_enable.constprop.0+0x358/0x12b0 LR [c00000000028fa2c] scx_enable.constprop.0+0x32c/0x12b0 Call Trace: scx_enable.constprop.0+0x32c/0x12b0 (unreliable) bpf_struct_ops_link_create+0x18c/0x22c __sys_bpf+0x23f8/0x3044 sys_bpf+0x2c/0x6c system_call_exception+0x124/0x320 system_call_vectored_common+0x15c/0x2ec kthread_run_worker() returns an ERR_PTR() on failure rather than NULL, but the current code in scx_alloc_and_add_sched() only checks for a NULL helper. Incase of failure on SIGQUIT, the error is not handled in scx_alloc_and_add_sched() and scx_enable() ends up dereferencing an error pointer. Error handling is fixed in scx_alloc_and_add_sched() to propagate PTR_ERR() into ret, so that scx_enable() jumps to the existing error path, avoiding random dereference on failure.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: sg: Do not sleep in atomic context sg_finish_rem_req() calls blk_rq_unmap_user(). The latter function may sleep. Hence, call sg_finish_rem_req() with interrupts enabled instead of disabled.
Use-after-free in the Linux kernel's MPTCP subsystem stems from a race in mptcp_schedule_work() (net/mptcp/protocol.c), where the socket refcount was taken only after the work item was queued, allowing mptcp_worker() to run and free the socket before sock_hold() executes. Reachable via the MPTCP timeout timer (mptcp_tout_timer), it was found by syzbot and produces a refcount 'addition on 0' warning that signals kernel memory corruption. No public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS is very low (0.05%), consistent with a hard-to-time race rather than a readily weaponized flaw despite the auto-generated 9.8 score.
Denial-of-service via a use-after-free in the Linux kernel's MPTCP path-manager allows the add-address timer (mptcp_pm_del_add_timer()) to call sk_stop_timer_sync() on an announcement-list entry that another context has already freed, corrupting kernel memory. The flaw affects the mptcp subsystem across multiple long-lived stable branches and was found by syzbot via a KASAN slab-use-after-free report; the upstream fix adds RCU protection. No public exploit is identified at time of analysis, EPSS is 0.05%, and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfrm: also call xfrm_state_delete_tunnel at destroy time for states that were never added In commit b441cf3f8c4b ("xfrm: delete x->tunnel as we delete x"), I missed the case where state creation fails between full initialization (->init_state has been called) and being inserted on the lists. In this situation, ->init_state has been called, so for IPcomp tunnels, the fallback tunnel has been created and added onto the lists, but the user state never gets added, because we fail before that. The user state doesn't go through __xfrm_state_delete, so we don't call xfrm_state_delete_tunnel for those states, and we end up leaking the FB tunnel. There are several codepaths affected by this: the add/update paths, in both net/key and xfrm, and the migrate code (xfrm_migrate, xfrm_state_migrate). A "proper" rollback of the init_state work would probably be doable in the add/update code, but for migrate it gets more complicated as multiple states may be involved. At some point, the new (not-inserted) state will be destroyed, so call xfrm_state_delete_tunnel during xfrm_state_gc_destroy. Most states will have their fallback tunnel cleaned up during __xfrm_state_delete, which solves the issue that b441cf3f8c4b (and other patches before it) aimed at. All states (including FB tunnels) will be removed from the lists once xfrm_state_fini has called flush_work(&xfrm_state_gc_work).
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: core: prevent NULL deref in generic_hwtstamp_ioctl_lower() The ethtool tsconfig Netlink path can trigger a null pointer dereference. A call chain such as: tsconfig_prepare_data() -> dev_get_hwtstamp_phylib() -> vlan_hwtstamp_get() -> generic_hwtstamp_get_lower() -> generic_hwtstamp_ioctl_lower() results in generic_hwtstamp_ioctl_lower() being called with kernel_cfg->ifr as NULL. The generic_hwtstamp_ioctl_lower() function does not expect a NULL ifr and dereferences it, leading to a system crash. Fix this by adding a NULL check for kernel_cfg->ifr in generic_hwtstamp_ioctl_lower(). If ifr is NULL, return -EINVAL.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: openvswitch: remove never-working support for setting nsh fields The validation of the set(nsh(...)) action is completely wrong. It runs through the nsh_key_put_from_nlattr() function that is the same function that validates NSH keys for the flow match and the push_nsh() action. However, the set(nsh(...)) has a very different memory layout. Nested attributes in there are doubled in size in case of the masked set(). That makes proper validation impossible. There is also confusion in the code between the 'masked' flag, that says that the nested attributes are doubled in size containing both the value and the mask, and the 'is_mask' that says that the value we're parsing is the mask. This is causing kernel crash on trying to write into mask part of the match with SW_FLOW_KEY_PUT() during validation, while validate_nsh() doesn't allocate any memory for it: BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000018 #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page PGD 1c2383067 P4D 1c2383067 PUD 20b703067 PMD 0 Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI CPU: 8 UID: 0 Kdump: loaded Not tainted 6.17.0-rc4+ #107 PREEMPT(voluntary) RIP: 0010:nsh_key_put_from_nlattr+0x19d/0x610 [openvswitch] Call Trace: <TASK> validate_nsh+0x60/0x90 [openvswitch] validate_set.constprop.0+0x270/0x3c0 [openvswitch] __ovs_nla_copy_actions+0x477/0x860 [openvswitch] ovs_nla_copy_actions+0x8d/0x100 [openvswitch] ovs_packet_cmd_execute+0x1cc/0x310 [openvswitch] genl_family_rcv_msg_doit+0xdb/0x130 genl_family_rcv_msg+0x14b/0x220 genl_rcv_msg+0x47/0xa0 netlink_rcv_skb+0x53/0x100 genl_rcv+0x24/0x40 netlink_unicast+0x280/0x3b0 netlink_sendmsg+0x1f7/0x430 ____sys_sendmsg+0x36b/0x3a0 ___sys_sendmsg+0x87/0xd0 __sys_sendmsg+0x6d/0xd0 do_syscall_64+0x7b/0x2c0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e The third issue with this process is that while trying to convert the non-masked set into masked one, validate_set() copies and doubles the size of the OVS_KEY_ATTR_NSH as if it didn't have any nested attributes. It should be copying each nested attribute and doubling them in size independently. And the process must be properly reversed during the conversion back from masked to a non-masked variant during the flow dump. In the end, the only two outcomes of trying to use this action are either validation failure or a kernel crash. And if somehow someone manages to install a flow with such an action, it will most definitely not do what it is supposed to, since all the keys and the masks are mixed up. Fixing all the issues is a complex task as it requires re-writing most of the validation code. Given that and the fact that this functionality never worked since introduction, let's just remove it altogether. It's better to re-introduce it later with a proper implementation instead of trying to fix it in stable releases.
Memory corruption in the Linux kernel's s390/ctcm mainframe network driver stems from a double-kfree: mpc_rcvd_sweep_req() frees the mpcginfo structure, then ctcmpc_unpack_skb() frees the same pointer again after the conditional call returns. Discovered via clang static analysis, it affects IBM Z (s390) systems using the CTCM MPC networking driver and could lead to kernel memory corruption, denial of service, or potentially escalation when a crafted MPC sweep-request frame is processed. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS risk is negligible (0.05%), and it is not listed in CISA KEV; the fix has shipped in stable kernel releases.
Out-of-bounds read in the Linux kernel's QLogic qede (FastLinQ 4xxxx) Ethernet driver arises in the TPA hardware-aggregation handlers qede_tpa_cont() and qede_tpa_end(), where loops walk the fixed-size cqe->len_list[] array using only a zero-length terminator as the stop condition; a missing or malformed terminator lets the loop read past the array. It affects systems running the qede driver on QLogic FastLinQ NICs and, if triggered, exposes the kernel to adjacent-memory disclosure or a crash. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS is very low (0.05%), and the flaw was found by static analysis (SVACE) rather than observed exploitation, so the published 9.8 CVSS appears substantially inflated relative to the true read-primitive impact.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: devlink: rate: Unset parent pointer in devl_rate_nodes_destroy The function devl_rate_nodes_destroy is documented to "Unset parent for all rate objects". However, it was only calling the driver-specific `rate_leaf_parent_set` or `rate_node_parent_set` ops and decrementing the parent's refcount, without actually setting the `devlink_rate->parent` pointer to NULL. This leaves a dangling pointer in the `devlink_rate` struct, which cause refcount error in netdevsim[1] and mlx5[2]. In addition, this is inconsistent with the behavior of `devlink_nl_rate_parent_node_set`, where the parent pointer is correctly cleared. This patch fixes the issue by explicitly setting `devlink_rate->parent` to NULL after notifying the driver, thus fulfilling the function's documented behavior for all rate objects. [1] repro steps: echo 1 > /sys/bus/netdevsim/new_device devlink dev eswitch set netdevsim/netdevsim1 mode switchdev echo 1 > /sys/bus/netdevsim/devices/netdevsim1/sriov_numvfs devlink port function rate add netdevsim/netdevsim1/test_node devlink port function rate set netdevsim/netdevsim1/128 parent test_node echo 1 > /sys/bus/netdevsim/del_device dmesg: refcount_t: decrement hit 0; leaking memory. WARNING: CPU: 8 PID: 1530 at lib/refcount.c:31 refcount_warn_saturate+0x42/0xe0 CPU: 8 UID: 0 PID: 1530 Comm: bash Not tainted 6.18.0-rc4+ #1 NONE Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS rel-1.16.0-0-gd239552ce722-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0x42/0xe0 Call Trace: <TASK> devl_rate_leaf_destroy+0x8d/0x90 __nsim_dev_port_del+0x6c/0x70 [netdevsim] nsim_dev_reload_destroy+0x11c/0x140 [netdevsim] nsim_drv_remove+0x2b/0xb0 [netdevsim] device_release_driver_internal+0x194/0x1f0 bus_remove_device+0xc6/0x130 device_del+0x159/0x3c0 device_unregister+0x1a/0x60 del_device_store+0x111/0x170 [netdevsim] kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x12e/0x1e0 vfs_write+0x215/0x3d0 ksys_write+0x5f/0xd0 do_syscall_64+0x55/0x10f0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53 [2] devlink dev eswitch set pci/0000:08:00.0 mode switchdev devlink port add pci/0000:08:00.0 flavour pcisf pfnum 0 sfnum 1000 devlink port function rate add pci/0000:08:00.0/group1 devlink port function rate set pci/0000:08:00.0/32768 parent group1 modprobe -r mlx5_ib mlx5_fwctl mlx5_core dmesg: refcount_t: decrement hit 0; leaking memory. WARNING: CPU: 7 PID: 16151 at lib/refcount.c:31 refcount_warn_saturate+0x42/0xe0 CPU: 7 UID: 0 PID: 16151 Comm: bash Not tainted 6.17.0-rc7_for_upstream_min_debug_2025_10_02_12_44 #1 NONE Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS rel-1.16.3-0-ga6ed6b701f0a-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0x42/0xe0 Call Trace: <TASK> devl_rate_leaf_destroy+0x8d/0x90 mlx5_esw_offloads_devlink_port_unregister+0x33/0x60 [mlx5_core] mlx5_esw_offloads_unload_rep+0x3f/0x50 [mlx5_core] mlx5_eswitch_unload_sf_vport+0x40/0x90 [mlx5_core] mlx5_sf_esw_event+0xc4/0x120 [mlx5_core] notifier_call_chain+0x33/0xa0 blocking_notifier_call_chain+0x3b/0x50 mlx5_eswitch_disable_locked+0x50/0x110 [mlx5_core] mlx5_eswitch_disable+0x63/0x90 [mlx5_core] mlx5_unload+0x1d/0x170 [mlx5_core] mlx5_uninit_one+0xa2/0x130 [mlx5_core] remove_one+0x78/0xd0 [mlx5_core] pci_device_remove+0x39/0xa0 device_release_driver_internal+0x194/0x1f0 unbind_store+0x99/0xa0 kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x12e/0x1e0 vfs_write+0x215/0x3d0 ksys_write+0x5f/0xd0 do_syscall_64+0x53/0x1f0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53
Local denial of service in the Linux kernel's mlx5_core driver (Mellanox/NVIDIA ConnectX network adapters) allows a system crash when mlx5_irq_alloc() fails on an exhausted IRQ vector pool. The faulty error path frees the entire CPU reverse-map (rmap) instead of only the newly added IRQ glue object, producing a general protection fault in free_irq_cpu_rmap() when another thread later dereferences the freed structure. The fix is available from vendor; EPSS is very low (0.03%, 7th percentile) and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege-context memory corruption in the Linux kernel's GPIO character device (gpio cdev) subsystem allows a use-after-free on the file structure backing an open GPIO chardev descriptor. When a GPIO line-change event fires after the final fput() has dropped the fd's reference count to zero but before the deferred .release() callback unregisters the notifier, the kernel calls get_file() on a file with a zero refcount, triggering a use-after-free (warned as 'f_count incremented from zero; use-after-free condition present'). No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and the EPSS score is negligible (0.03%), consistent with a hard-to-win local race rather than a widely exploited flaw.
Local privilege-escalation-grade memory corruption in the Linux kernel's AF_VSOCK (virtio/vhost vsock) stack allows a local user to trigger a use-after-free or NULL-pointer dereference by racing a signal or timeout against an in-progress connect() on an already-established socket. Aborting the connect could tear down a connected socket while a concurrent sendmsg() or sockmap operation runs, corrupting credit accounting (bytes_unsent), breaking sockmap invariants, and enabling a transport change/drop after TCP_ESTABLISHED. No public exploit is identified at time of analysis and EPSS is 0.05%, but the flaw is patched across many stable branches and tracked by Ubuntu, Debian, and Siemens.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/msm: Fix pgtable prealloc error path The following splat was reported: Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 0000000000000010 Mem abort info: ESR = 0x0000000096000004 EC = 0x25: DABT (current EL), IL = 32 bits SET = 0, FnV = 0 EA = 0, S1PTW = 0 FSC = 0x04: level 0 translation fault Data abort info: ISV = 0, ISS = 0x00000004, ISS2 = 0x00000000 CM = 0, WnR = 0, TnD = 0, TagAccess = 0 GCS = 0, Overlay = 0, DirtyBit = 0, Xs = 0 user pgtable: 4k pages, 48-bit VAs, pgdp=00000008d0fd8000 [0000000000000010] pgd=0000000000000000, p4d=0000000000000000 Internal error: Oops: 0000000096000004 [#1] SMP CPU: 5 UID: 1000 PID: 149076 Comm: Xwayland Tainted: G S 6.16.0-rc2-00809-g0b6974bb4134-dirty #367 PREEMPT Tainted: [S]=CPU_OUT_OF_SPEC Hardware name: Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. SM8650 HDK (DT) pstate: 83400005 (Nzcv daif +PAN -UAO +TCO +DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) pc : build_detached_freelist+0x28/0x224 lr : kmem_cache_free_bulk.part.0+0x38/0x244 sp : ffff000a508c7a20 x29: ffff000a508c7a20 x28: ffff000a508c7d50 x27: ffffc4e49d16f350 x26: 0000000000000058 x25: 00000000fffffffc x24: 0000000000000000 x23: ffff00098c4e1450 x22: 00000000fffffffc x21: 0000000000000000 x20: ffff000a508c7af8 x19: 0000000000000002 x18: 00000000000003e8 x17: ffff000809523850 x16: ffff000809523820 x15: 0000000000401640 x14: ffff000809371140 x13: 0000000000000130 x12: ffff0008b5711e30 x11: 00000000001058fa x10: 0000000000000a80 x9 : ffff000a508c7940 x8 : ffff000809371ba0 x7 : 781fffe033087fff x6 : 0000000000000000 x5 : ffff0008003cd000 x4 : 781fffe033083fff x3 : ffff000a508c7af8 x2 : fffffdffc0000000 x1 : 0001000000000000 x0 : ffff0008001a6a00 Call trace: build_detached_freelist+0x28/0x224 (P) kmem_cache_free_bulk.part.0+0x38/0x244 kmem_cache_free_bulk+0x10/0x1c msm_iommu_pagetable_prealloc_cleanup+0x3c/0xd0 msm_vma_job_free+0x30/0x240 msm_ioctl_vm_bind+0x1d0/0x9a0 drm_ioctl_kernel+0x84/0x104 drm_ioctl+0x358/0x4d4 __arm64_sys_ioctl+0x8c/0xe0 invoke_syscall+0x44/0x100 el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0x3c/0xe0 do_el0_svc+0x18/0x20 el0_svc+0x30/0x100 el0t_64_sync_handler+0x104/0x130 el0t_64_sync+0x170/0x174 Code: aa0203f5 b26287e2 f2dfbfe2 aa0303f4 (f8737ab6) ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- Since msm_vma_job_free() is called directly from the ioctl, this looks like an error path cleanup issue. Which I think results from prealloc_cleanup() called without a preceding successful prealloc_allocate() call. So handle that case better. Patchwork: https://patchwork.freedesktop.org/patch/678677/
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfs: fix out of bounds memory read error in symlink repair xfs/286 produced this report on my test fleet: ================================================================== BUG: KFENCE: out-of-bounds read in memcpy_orig+0x54/0x110 Out-of-bounds read at 0xffff88843fe9e038 (184B right of kfence-#184): memcpy_orig+0x54/0x110 xrep_symlink_salvage_inline+0xb3/0xf0 [xfs] xrep_symlink_salvage+0x100/0x110 [xfs] xrep_symlink+0x2e/0x80 [xfs] xrep_attempt+0x61/0x1f0 [xfs] xfs_scrub_metadata+0x34f/0x5c0 [xfs] xfs_ioc_scrubv_metadata+0x387/0x560 [xfs] xfs_file_ioctl+0xe23/0x10e0 [xfs] __x64_sys_ioctl+0x76/0xc0 do_syscall_64+0x4e/0x1e0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53 kfence-#184: 0xffff88843fe9df80-0xffff88843fe9dfea, size=107, cache=kmalloc-128 allocated by task 3470 on cpu 1 at 263329.131592s (192823.508886s ago): xfs_init_local_fork+0x79/0xe0 [xfs] xfs_iformat_local+0xa4/0x170 [xfs] xfs_iformat_data_fork+0x148/0x180 [xfs] xfs_inode_from_disk+0x2cd/0x480 [xfs] xfs_iget+0x450/0xd60 [xfs] xfs_bulkstat_one_int+0x6b/0x510 [xfs] xfs_bulkstat_iwalk+0x1e/0x30 [xfs] xfs_iwalk_ag_recs+0xdf/0x150 [xfs] xfs_iwalk_run_callbacks+0xb9/0x190 [xfs] xfs_iwalk_ag+0x1dc/0x2f0 [xfs] xfs_iwalk_args.constprop.0+0x6a/0x120 [xfs] xfs_iwalk+0xa4/0xd0 [xfs] xfs_bulkstat+0xfa/0x170 [xfs] xfs_ioc_fsbulkstat.isra.0+0x13a/0x230 [xfs] xfs_file_ioctl+0xbf2/0x10e0 [xfs] __x64_sys_ioctl+0x76/0xc0 do_syscall_64+0x4e/0x1e0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53 CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 1300113 Comm: xfs_scrub Not tainted 6.18.0-rc4-djwx #rc4 PREEMPT(lazy) 3d744dd94e92690f00a04398d2bd8631dcef1954 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.0-4.module+el8.8.0+21164+ed375313 04/01/2014 ================================================================== On further analysis, I realized that the second parameter to min() is not correct. xfs_ifork::if_bytes is the size of the xfs_ifork::if_data buffer. if_bytes can be smaller than the data fork size because: (a) the forkoff code tries to keep the data area as large as possible (b) for symbolic links, if_bytes is the ondisk file size + 1 (c) forkoff is always a multiple of 8. Case in point: for a single-byte symlink target, forkoff will be 8 but the buffer will only be 2 bytes long. In other words, the logic here is wrong and we walk off the end of the incore buffer. Fix that.
Memory-map miscalculation in the Linux kernel's nios2 architecture code allows local low-privileged users to trigger kernel paging failures and denial of service on affected nios2 (soft-core) systems built with CONFIG_FLATMEM. Because memblock.current_limit is left at its default MEMBLOCK_ALLOC_ANYWHERE when pfn limits are computed, max_low_pfn can exceed max_pfn and push mem_map beyond valid DRAM, producing 'Unable to handle kernel paging request' oopses and kernel panics. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS is 0.04% (11th percentile) and the flaw is not in CISA KEV.
Uninitialized-memory read in the Linux kernel's HFS+ filesystem driver (__hfsplus_ext_cache_extent) allows a local actor who can write to a mounted HFS+ volume to trigger use of uninitialized heap data, leading to information disclosure or a kernel crash. The flaw, found by syzbot via KMSAN on kernel 6.12-rc5, is fixed across multiple stable trees; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS exploitation probability is very low (0.04%, 11th percentile). Distributions including Ubuntu (USN-8029/8030/8033/8034) and Debian (DLA-4404-1) have shipped patches.
Uninitialized-memory (KMSAN uninit-value) defect in the Linux kernel HFS filesystem driver allows a local attacker who can mount or operate on a crafted HFS volume to corrupt on-disk allocation state and destabilize the filesystem. The bitmap buffer in hfs_mdb_get() was allocated with kmalloc() (leaving residual heap garbage) and later consumed by hfs_find_set_zero_bits() during block allocation, so non-zero uninitialized bits can drive incorrect bitmap decisions leading to volume corruption and driver misbehavior. Discovered by syzbot fuzzing; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS risk is very low (0.04%).
Kernel memory corruption in the Linux kernel's GFS2 clustered filesystem stems from a use-after-free race in gdlm_put_lock(), where a small window exists after the DFL_UNMOUNT flag is set but before the DLM lockspace is released. During that window the DLM callbacks gdlm_ast() and gdlm_bast() can still fire and dereference already-freed glock objects, potentially crashing the kernel or corrupting memory on systems using GFS2. The issue carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.0 (AV:L/AC:H/PR:L), has an EPSS of only 0.03%, is not in CISA KEV, and has no public exploit identified at time of analysis; it is patched upstream and shipped by Ubuntu and Debian.
Denial of service in the Linux kernel EROFS filesystem driver (versions 6.15 through the 6.17.x series before 6.17.6) lets a local user crash the system by mounting or reading a specially crafted read-only filesystem image. The flaw lives in the 'encoded extents' feature added in Linux 6.15, where malformed physical-length (plen) values and out-of-48-bit physical block addresses trigger an out-of-bounds access in z_erofs_submit_queue(). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS probability is very low (0.03%), but vendor patches are available and the issue is tracked by Ubuntu (medium priority) and Debian.
Denial of service in the Linux kernel SCTP subsystem allows remote attackers to crash affected systems via a NULL pointer dereference triggered when an SCTP chunk arrives without a data buffer. The flaw stems from dereferencing chunk->skb inside a code path that assumes it is NULL, and is fixed across multiple stable trees (5.4.301, 5.10.246, 5.15.196, 6.1.158, 6.6.115, 6.12.56, 6.17.6, 6.18). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS probability is very low (0.04%, 11th percentile), indicating minimal real-world exploitation likelihood despite the network-reachable vector.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: phy: micrel: always set shared->phydev for LAN8814 Currently, during the LAN8814 PTP probe shared->phydev is only set if PTP clock gets actually set, otherwise the function will return before setting it. This is an issue as shared->phydev is unconditionally being used when IRQ is being handled, especially in lan8814_gpio_process_cap and since it was not set it will cause a NULL pointer exception and crash the kernel. So, simply always set shared->phydev to avoid the NULL pointer exception.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/mlx5: Fix IPsec cleanup over MPV device When we do mlx5e_detach_netdev() we eventually disable blocking events notifier, among those events are IPsec MPV events from IB to core. So before disabling those blocking events, make sure to also unregister the devcom device and mark all this device operations as complete, in order to prevent the other device from using invalid netdev during future devcom events which could cause the trace below. BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000010 PGD 146427067 P4D 146427067 PUD 146488067 PMD 0 Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 7735 Comm: devlink Tainted: GW 6.12.0-rc6_for_upstream_min_debug_2024_11_08_00_46 #1 Tainted: [W]=WARN Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS rel-1.13.0-0-gf21b5a4aeb02-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:mlx5_devcom_comp_set_ready+0x5/0x40 [mlx5_core] Code: 00 01 48 83 05 23 32 1e 00 01 41 b8 ed ff ff ff e9 60 ff ff ff 48 83 05 00 32 1e 00 01 eb e3 66 0f 1f 44 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 <48> 8b 47 10 48 83 05 5f 32 1e 00 01 48 8b 50 40 48 85 d2 74 05 40 RSP: 0018:ffff88811a5c35f8 EFLAGS: 00010206 RAX: ffff888106e8ab80 RBX: ffff888107d7e200 RCX: ffff88810d6f0a00 RDX: ffff88810d6f0a00 RSI: 0000000000000001 RDI: 0000000000000000 RBP: ffff88811a17e620 R08: 0000000000000040 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: ffff88811a5c3618 R11: 0000000de85d51bd R12: ffff88811a17e600 R13: ffff88810d6f0a00 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: ffff8881034bda80 FS: 00007f27bdf89180(0000) GS:ffff88852c880000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 0000000000000010 CR3: 000000010f159005 CR4: 0000000000372eb0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Call Trace: <TASK> ? __die+0x20/0x60 ? page_fault_oops+0x150/0x3e0 ? exc_page_fault+0x74/0x130 ? asm_exc_page_fault+0x22/0x30 ? mlx5_devcom_comp_set_ready+0x5/0x40 [mlx5_core] mlx5e_devcom_event_mpv+0x42/0x60 [mlx5_core] mlx5_devcom_send_event+0x8c/0x170 [mlx5_core] blocking_event+0x17b/0x230 [mlx5_core] notifier_call_chain+0x35/0xa0 blocking_notifier_call_chain+0x3d/0x60 mlx5_blocking_notifier_call_chain+0x22/0x30 [mlx5_core] mlx5_core_mp_event_replay+0x12/0x20 [mlx5_core] mlx5_ib_bind_slave_port+0x228/0x2c0 [mlx5_ib] mlx5_ib_stage_init_init+0x664/0x9d0 [mlx5_ib] ? idr_alloc_cyclic+0x50/0xb0 ? __kmalloc_cache_noprof+0x167/0x340 ? __kmalloc_noprof+0x1a7/0x430 __mlx5_ib_add+0x34/0xd0 [mlx5_ib] mlx5r_probe+0xe9/0x310 [mlx5_ib] ? kernfs_add_one+0x107/0x150 ? __mlx5_ib_add+0xd0/0xd0 [mlx5_ib] auxiliary_bus_probe+0x3e/0x90 really_probe+0xc5/0x3a0 ? driver_probe_device+0x90/0x90 __driver_probe_device+0x80/0x160 driver_probe_device+0x1e/0x90 __device_attach_driver+0x7d/0x100 bus_for_each_drv+0x80/0xd0 __device_attach+0xbc/0x1f0 bus_probe_device+0x86/0xa0 device_add+0x62d/0x830 __auxiliary_device_add+0x3b/0xa0 ? auxiliary_device_init+0x41/0x90 add_adev+0xd1/0x150 [mlx5_core] mlx5_rescan_drivers_locked+0x21c/0x300 [mlx5_core] esw_mode_change+0x6c/0xc0 [mlx5_core] mlx5_devlink_eswitch_mode_set+0x21e/0x640 [mlx5_core] devlink_nl_eswitch_set_doit+0x60/0xe0 genl_family_rcv_msg_doit+0xd0/0x120 genl_rcv_msg+0x180/0x2b0 ? devlink_get_from_attrs_lock+0x170/0x170 ? devlink_nl_eswitch_get_doit+0x290/0x290 ? devlink_nl_pre_doit_port_optional+0x50/0x50 ? genl_family_rcv_msg_dumpit+0xf0/0xf0 netlink_rcv_skb+0x54/0x100 genl_rcv+0x24/0x40 netlink_unicast+0x1fc/0x2d0 netlink_sendmsg+0x1e4/0x410 __sock_sendmsg+0x38/0x60 ? sockfd_lookup_light+0x12/0x60 __sys_sendto+0x105/0x160 ? __sys_recvmsg+0x4e/0x90 __x64_sys_sendto+0x20/0x30 do_syscall_64+0x4c/0x100 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53 RIP: 0033:0x7f27bc91b13a Code: bb 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 8b 05 fa 96 2c 00 45 89 c9 4c 63 d1 48 63 ff 85 c0 75 15 b8 2c 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff ---truncated---
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fs/notify: call exportfs_encode_fid with s_umount Calling intotify_show_fdinfo() on fd watching an overlayfs inode, while the overlayfs is being unmounted, can lead to dereferencing NULL ptr. This issue was found by syzkaller. Race Condition Diagram: Thread 1 Thread 2 -------- -------- generic_shutdown_super() shrink_dcache_for_umount sb->s_root = NULL | | vfs_read() | inotify_fdinfo() | * inode get from mark * | show_mark_fhandle(m, inode) | exportfs_encode_fid(inode, ..) | ovl_encode_fh(inode, ..) | ovl_check_encode_origin(inode) | * deref i_sb->s_root * | | v fsnotify_sb_delete(sb) Which then leads to: [ 32.133461] Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xdffffc0000000006: 0000 [#1] SMP DEBUG_PAGEALLOC KASAN NOPTI [ 32.134438] KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000030-0x0000000000000037] [ 32.135032] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 4468 Comm: systemd-coredum Not tainted 6.17.0-rc6 #22 PREEMPT(none) <snip registers, unreliable trace> [ 32.143353] Call Trace: [ 32.143732] ovl_encode_fh+0xd5/0x170 [ 32.144031] exportfs_encode_inode_fh+0x12f/0x300 [ 32.144425] show_mark_fhandle+0xbe/0x1f0 [ 32.145805] inotify_fdinfo+0x226/0x2d0 [ 32.146442] inotify_show_fdinfo+0x1c5/0x350 [ 32.147168] seq_show+0x530/0x6f0 [ 32.147449] seq_read_iter+0x503/0x12a0 [ 32.148419] seq_read+0x31f/0x410 [ 32.150714] vfs_read+0x1f0/0x9e0 [ 32.152297] ksys_read+0x125/0x240 IOW ovl_check_encode_origin derefs inode->i_sb->s_root, after it was set to NULL in the unmount path. Fix it by protecting calling exportfs_encode_fid() from show_mark_fhandle() with s_umount lock. This form of fix was suggested by Amir in [1]. [1]: https://lore.kernel.org/all/CAOQ4uxhbDwhb+2Brs1UdkoF0a3NSdBAOQPNfEHjahrgoKJpLEw@mail.gmail.com/
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: virtio-net: zero unused hash fields When GSO tunnel is negotiated virtio_net_hdr_tnl_from_skb() tries to initialize the tunnel metadata but forget to zero unused rxhash fields. This may leak information to another side. Fixing this by zeroing the unused hash fields.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: directly free partially initialized fs_info in btrfs_check_leaked_roots() If fs_info->super_copy or fs_info->super_for_commit allocated failed in btrfs_get_tree_subvol(), then no need to call btrfs_free_fs_info(). Otherwise btrfs_check_leaked_roots() would access NULL pointer because fs_info->allocated_roots had not been initialised. syzkaller reported the following information: ------------[ cut here ]------------ BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: fffffffffffffbb0 #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page PGD 64c9067 P4D 64c9067 PUD 64cb067 PMD 0 Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN PTI CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 1402 Comm: syz.1.35 Not tainted 6.15.8 #4 PREEMPT(lazy) Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), (...) RIP: 0010:arch_atomic_read arch/x86/include/asm/atomic.h:23 [inline] RIP: 0010:raw_atomic_read include/linux/atomic/atomic-arch-fallback.h:457 [inline] RIP: 0010:atomic_read include/linux/atomic/atomic-instrumented.h:33 [inline] RIP: 0010:refcount_read include/linux/refcount.h:170 [inline] RIP: 0010:btrfs_check_leaked_roots+0x18f/0x2c0 fs/btrfs/disk-io.c:1230 [...] Call Trace: <TASK> btrfs_free_fs_info+0x310/0x410 fs/btrfs/disk-io.c:1280 btrfs_get_tree_subvol+0x592/0x6b0 fs/btrfs/super.c:2029 btrfs_get_tree+0x63/0x80 fs/btrfs/super.c:2097 vfs_get_tree+0x98/0x320 fs/super.c:1759 do_new_mount+0x357/0x660 fs/namespace.c:3899 path_mount+0x716/0x19c0 fs/namespace.c:4226 do_mount fs/namespace.c:4239 [inline] __do_sys_mount fs/namespace.c:4450 [inline] __se_sys_mount fs/namespace.c:4427 [inline] __x64_sys_mount+0x28c/0x310 fs/namespace.c:4427 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x92/0x180 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e RIP: 0033:0x7f032eaffa8d [...]
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: platform/x86: alienware-wmi-wmax: Fix NULL pointer dereference in sleep handlers Devices without the AWCC interface don't initialize `awcc`. Add a check before dereferencing it in sleep handlers.
Stale extent-map cache handling in the Linux kernel's OCFS2 clustered filesystem lets a local, low-privileged user with access to an OCFS2 mount crash the kernel and read or corrupt on-disk extent data. After a reflinked (OCFS2_EXT_REFCOUNTED) extent is moved or defragmented, the in-memory extent cache retains stale flags while the disk holds updated ones; a subsequent write hits a BUG_ON in ocfs2_refcount_cal_cow_clusters(), producing a panic (denial of service) and potential data/integrity impact. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS is very low (0.05%, 16th percentile), consistent with a niche, non-KEV local kernel bug rather than a mass-exploited flaw.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rv: Fully convert enabled_monitors to use list_head as iterator The callbacks in enabled_monitors_seq_ops are inconsistent. Some treat the iterator as struct rv_monitor *, while others treat the iterator as struct list_head *. This causes a wrong type cast and crashes the system as reported by Nathan. Convert everything to use struct list_head * as iterator. This also makes enabled_monitors consistent with available_monitors.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vsock: fix lock inversion in vsock_assign_transport() Syzbot reported a potential lock inversion deadlock between vsock_register_mutex and sk_lock-AF_VSOCK when vsock_linger() is called. The issue was introduced by commit 687aa0c5581b ("vsock: Fix transport_* TOCTOU") which added vsock_register_mutex locking in vsock_assign_transport() around the transport->release() call, that can call vsock_linger(). vsock_assign_transport() can be called with sk_lock held. vsock_linger() calls sk_wait_event() that temporarily releases and re-acquires sk_lock. During this window, if another thread hold vsock_register_mutex while trying to acquire sk_lock, a circular dependency is created. Fix this by releasing vsock_register_mutex before calling transport->release() and vsock_deassign_transport(). This is safe because we don't need to hold vsock_register_mutex while releasing the old transport, and we ensure the new transport won't disappear by obtaining a module reference first via try_module_get().
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm: prevent poison consumption when splitting THP When performing memory error injection on a THP (Transparent Huge Page) mapped to userspace on an x86 server, the kernel panics with the following trace. The expected behavior is to terminate the affected process instead of panicking the kernel, as the x86 Machine Check code can recover from an in-userspace #MC. mce: [Hardware Error]: CPU 0: Machine Check Exception: f Bank 3: bd80000000070134 mce: [Hardware Error]: RIP 10:<ffffffff8372f8bc> {memchr_inv+0x4c/0xf0} mce: [Hardware Error]: TSC afff7bbff88a ADDR 1d301b000 MISC 80 PPIN 1e741e77539027db mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:d06d0 TIME 1758093249 SOCKET 0 APIC 0 microcode 80000320 mce: [Hardware Error]: Run the above through 'mcelog --ascii' mce: [Hardware Error]: Machine check: Data load in unrecoverable area of kernel Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal local machine check The root cause of this panic is that handling a memory failure triggered by an in-userspace #MC necessitates splitting the THP. The splitting process employs a mechanism, implemented in try_to_map_unused_to_zeropage(), which reads the pages in the THP to identify zero-filled pages. However, reading the pages in the THP results in a second in-kernel #MC, occurring before the initial memory_failure() completes, ultimately leading to a kernel panic. See the kernel panic call trace on the two #MCs. First Machine Check occurs // [1] memory_failure() // [2] try_to_split_thp_page() split_huge_page() split_huge_page_to_list_to_order() __folio_split() // [3] remap_page() remove_migration_ptes() remove_migration_pte() try_to_map_unused_to_zeropage() // [4] memchr_inv() // [5] Second Machine Check occurs // [6] Kernel panic [1] Triggered by accessing a hardware-poisoned THP in userspace, which is typically recoverable by terminating the affected process. [2] Call folio_set_has_hwpoisoned() before try_to_split_thp_page(). [3] Pass the RMP_USE_SHARED_ZEROPAGE remap flag to remap_page(). [4] Try to map the unused THP to zeropage. [5] Re-access pages in the hw-poisoned THP in the kernel. [6] Triggered in-kernel, leading to a panic kernel. In Step[2], memory_failure() sets the poisoned flag on the page in the THP by TestSetPageHWPoison() before calling try_to_split_thp_page(). As suggested by David Hildenbrand, fix this panic by not accessing to the poisoned page in the THP during zeropage identification, while continuing to scan unaffected pages in the THP for possible zeropage mapping. This prevents a second in-kernel #MC that would cause kernel panic in Step[4]. Thanks to Andrew Zaborowski for his initial work on fixing this issue.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/damon/core: fix potential memory leak by cleaning ops_filter in damon_destroy_scheme Currently, damon_destroy_scheme() only cleans up the filter list but leaves ops_filter untouched, which could lead to memory leaks when a scheme is destroyed. This patch ensures both filter and ops_filter are properly freed in damon_destroy_scheme(), preventing potential memory leaks.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/damon/sysfs: catch commit test ctx alloc failure Patch series "mm/damon/sysfs: fix commit test damon_ctx [de]allocation". DAMON sysfs interface dynamically allocates and uses a damon_ctx object for testing if given inputs for online DAMON parameters update is valid. The object is being used without an allocation failure check, and leaked when the test succeeds. Fix the two bugs. This patch (of 2): The damon_ctx for testing online DAMON parameters commit inputs is used without its allocation failure check. This could result in an invalid memory access. Fix it by directly returning an error when the allocation failed.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/damon/sysfs: dealloc commit test ctx always The damon_ctx for testing online DAMON parameters commit inputs is deallocated only when the test fails. This means memory is leaked for every successful online DAMON parameters commit. Fix the leak by always deallocating it.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: firmware: arm_scmi: Account for failed debug initialization When the SCMI debug subsystem fails to initialize, the related debug root will be missing, and the underlying descriptor will be NULL. Handle this fault condition in the SCMI debug helpers that maintain metrics counters.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/panthor: Fix kernel panic on partial unmap of a GPU VA region This commit address a kernel panic issue that can happen if Userspace tries to partially unmap a GPU virtual region (aka drm_gpuva). The VM_BIND interface allows partial unmapping of a BO. Panthor driver pre-allocates memory for the new drm_gpuva structures that would be needed for the map/unmap operation, done using drm_gpuvm layer. It expected that only one new drm_gpuva would be needed on umap but a partial unmap can require 2 new drm_gpuva and that's why it ended up doing a NULL pointer dereference causing a kernel panic. Following dump was seen when partial unmap was exercised. Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 0000000000000078 Mem abort info: ESR = 0x0000000096000046 EC = 0x25: DABT (current EL), IL = 32 bits SET = 0, FnV = 0 EA = 0, S1PTW = 0 FSC = 0x06: level 2 translation fault Data abort info: ISV = 0, ISS = 0x00000046, ISS2 = 0x00000000 CM = 0, WnR = 1, TnD = 0, TagAccess = 0 GCS = 0, Overlay = 0, DirtyBit = 0, Xs = 0 user pgtable: 4k pages, 48-bit VAs, pgdp=000000088a863000 [000000000000078] pgd=080000088a842003, p4d=080000088a842003, pud=0800000884bf5003, pmd=0000000000000000 Internal error: Oops: 0000000096000046 [#1] PREEMPT SMP <snip> pstate: 60000005 (nZCv daif -PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) pc : panthor_gpuva_sm_step_remap+0xe4/0x330 [panthor] lr : panthor_gpuva_sm_step_remap+0x6c/0x330 [panthor] sp : ffff800085d43970 x29: ffff800085d43970 x28: ffff00080363e440 x27: ffff0008090c6000 x26: 0000000000000030 x25: ffff800085d439f8 x24: ffff00080d402000 x23: ffff800085d43b60 x22: ffff800085d439e0 x21: ffff00080abdb180 x20: 0000000000000000 x19: 0000000000000000 x18: 0000000000000010 x17: 6e656c202c303030 x16: 3666666666646466 x15: 393d61766f69202c x14: 312d3d7361203a70 x13: 303030323d6e656c x12: ffff80008324bf58 x11: 0000000000000003 x10: 0000000000000002 x9 : ffff8000801a6a9c x8 : ffff00080360b300 x7 : 0000000000000000 x6 : 000000088aa35fc7 x5 : fff1000080000000 x4 : ffff8000842ddd30 x3 : 0000000000000001 x2 : 0000000100000000 x1 : 0000000000000001 x0 : 0000000000000078 Call trace: panthor_gpuva_sm_step_remap+0xe4/0x330 [panthor] op_remap_cb.isra.22+0x50/0x80 __drm_gpuvm_sm_unmap+0x10c/0x1c8 drm_gpuvm_sm_unmap+0x40/0x60 panthor_vm_exec_op+0xb4/0x3d0 [panthor] panthor_vm_bind_exec_sync_op+0x154/0x278 [panthor] panthor_ioctl_vm_bind+0x160/0x4a0 [panthor] drm_ioctl_kernel+0xbc/0x138 drm_ioctl+0x240/0x500 __arm64_sys_ioctl+0xb0/0xf8 invoke_syscall+0x4c/0x110 el0_svc_common.constprop.1+0x98/0xf8 do_el0_svc+0x24/0x38 el0_svc+0x40/0xf8 el0t_64_sync_handler+0xa0/0xc8 el0t_64_sync+0x174/0x178
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: hwmon: (cgbc-hwmon) Add missing NULL check after devm_kzalloc() The driver allocates memory for sensor data using devm_kzalloc(), but did not check if the allocation succeeded. In case of memory allocation failure, dereferencing the NULL pointer would lead to a kernel crash. Add a NULL pointer check and return -ENOMEM to handle allocation failure properly.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: most: usb: Fix use-after-free in hdm_disconnect hdm_disconnect() calls most_deregister_interface(), which eventually unregisters the MOST interface device with device_unregister(iface->dev). If that drops the last reference, the device core may call release_mdev() immediately while hdm_disconnect() is still executing. The old code also freed several mdev-owned allocations in hdm_disconnect() and then performed additional put_device() calls. Depending on refcount order, this could lead to use-after-free or double-free when release_mdev() ran (or when unregister paths also performed puts). Fix by moving the frees of mdev-owned allocations into release_mdev(), so they happen exactly once when the device is truly released, and by dropping the extra put_device() calls in hdm_disconnect() that are redundant after device_unregister() and most_deregister_interface(). This addresses the KASAN slab-use-after-free reported by syzbot in hdm_disconnect(). See report and stack traces in the bug link below.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tty: serial: sh-sci: fix RSCI FIFO overrun handling The receive error handling code is shared between RSCI and all other SCIF port types, but the RSCI overrun_reg is specified as a memory offset, while for other SCIF types it is an enum value used to index into the sci_port_params->regs array, as mentioned above the sci_serial_in() function. For RSCI, the overrun_reg is CSR (0x48), causing the sci_getreg() call inside the sci_handle_fifo_overrun() function to index outside the bounds of the regs array, which currently has a size of 20, as specified by SCI_NR_REGS. Because of this, we end up accessing memory outside of RSCI's rsci_port_params structure, which, when interpreted as a plat_sci_reg, happens to have a non-zero size, causing the following WARN when sci_serial_in() is called, as the accidental size does not match the supported register sizes. The existence of the overrun_reg needs to be checked because SCIx_SH3_SCIF_REGTYPE has overrun_reg set to SCLSR, but SCLSR is not present in the regs array. Avoid calling sci_getreg() for port types which don't use standard register handling. Use the ops->read_reg() and ops->write_reg() functions to properly read and write registers for RSCI, and change the type of the status variable to accommodate the 32-bit CSR register. sci_getreg() and sci_serial_in() are also called with overrun_reg in the sci_mpxed_interrupt() interrupt handler, but that code path is not used for RSCI, as it does not have a muxed interrupt. ------------[ cut here ]------------ Invalid register access WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 0 at drivers/tty/serial/sh-sci.c:522 sci_serial_in+0x38/0xac Modules linked in: renesas_usbhs at24 rzt2h_adc industrialio_adc sha256 cfg80211 bluetooth ecdh_generic ecc rfkill fuse drm backlight ipv6 CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 6.17.0-rc1+ #30 PREEMPT Hardware name: Renesas RZ/T2H EVK Board based on r9a09g077m44 (DT) pstate: 604000c5 (nZCv daIF +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) pc : sci_serial_in+0x38/0xac lr : sci_serial_in+0x38/0xac sp : ffff800080003e80 x29: ffff800080003e80 x28: ffff800082195b80 x27: 000000000000000d x26: ffff8000821956d0 x25: 0000000000000000 x24: ffff800082195b80 x23: ffff000180e0d800 x22: 0000000000000010 x21: 0000000000000000 x20: 0000000000000010 x19: ffff000180e72000 x18: 000000000000000a x17: ffff8002bcee7000 x16: ffff800080000000 x15: 0720072007200720 x14: 0720072007200720 x13: 0720072007200720 x12: 0720072007200720 x11: 0000000000000058 x10: 0000000000000018 x9 : ffff8000821a6a48 x8 : 0000000000057fa8 x7 : 0000000000000406 x6 : ffff8000821fea48 x5 : ffff00033ef88408 x4 : ffff8002bcee7000 x3 : ffff800082195b80 x2 : 0000000000000000 x1 : 0000000000000000 x0 : ffff800082195b80 Call trace: sci_serial_in+0x38/0xac (P) sci_handle_fifo_overrun.isra.0+0x70/0x134 sci_er_interrupt+0x50/0x39c __handle_irq_event_percpu+0x48/0x140 handle_irq_event+0x44/0xb0 handle_fasteoi_irq+0xf4/0x1a0 handle_irq_desc+0x34/0x58 generic_handle_domain_irq+0x1c/0x28 gic_handle_irq+0x4c/0x140 call_on_irq_stack+0x30/0x48 do_interrupt_handler+0x80/0x84 el1_interrupt+0x34/0x68 el1h_64_irq_handler+0x18/0x24 el1h_64_irq+0x6c/0x70 default_idle_call+0x28/0x58 (P) do_idle+0x1f8/0x250 cpu_startup_entry+0x34/0x3c rest_init+0xd8/0xe0 console_on_rootfs+0x0/0x6c __primary_switched+0x88/0x90 ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: pci: mg4b: fix uninitialized iio scan data Fix potential leak of uninitialized stack data to userspace by ensuring that the `scan` structure is zeroed before use.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fuse: fix livelock in synchronous file put from fuseblk workers I observed a hang when running generic/323 against a fuseblk server. This test opens a file, initiates a lot of AIO writes to that file descriptor, and closes the file descriptor before the writes complete. Unsurprisingly, the AIO exerciser threads are mostly stuck waiting for responses from the fuseblk server: # cat /proc/372265/task/372313/stack [<0>] request_wait_answer+0x1fe/0x2a0 [fuse] [<0>] __fuse_simple_request+0xd3/0x2b0 [fuse] [<0>] fuse_do_getattr+0xfc/0x1f0 [fuse] [<0>] fuse_file_read_iter+0xbe/0x1c0 [fuse] [<0>] aio_read+0x130/0x1e0 [<0>] io_submit_one+0x542/0x860 [<0>] __x64_sys_io_submit+0x98/0x1a0 [<0>] do_syscall_64+0x37/0xf0 [<0>] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53 But the /weird/ part is that the fuseblk server threads are waiting for responses from itself: # cat /proc/372210/task/372232/stack [<0>] request_wait_answer+0x1fe/0x2a0 [fuse] [<0>] __fuse_simple_request+0xd3/0x2b0 [fuse] [<0>] fuse_file_put+0x9a/0xd0 [fuse] [<0>] fuse_release+0x36/0x50 [fuse] [<0>] __fput+0xec/0x2b0 [<0>] task_work_run+0x55/0x90 [<0>] syscall_exit_to_user_mode+0xe9/0x100 [<0>] do_syscall_64+0x43/0xf0 [<0>] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53 The fuseblk server is fuse2fs so there's nothing all that exciting in the server itself. So why is the fuse server calling fuse_file_put? The commit message for the fstest sheds some light on that: "By closing the file descriptor before calling io_destroy, you pretty much guarantee that the last put on the ioctx will be done in interrupt context (during I/O completion). Aha. AIO fgets a new struct file from the fd when it queues the ioctx. The completion of the FUSE_WRITE command from userspace causes the fuse server to call the AIO completion function. The completion puts the struct file, queuing a delayed fput to the fuse server task. When the fuse server task returns to userspace, it has to run the delayed fput, which in the case of a fuseblk server, it does synchronously. Sending the FUSE_RELEASE command sychronously from fuse server threads is a bad idea because a client program can initiate enough simultaneous AIOs such that all the fuse server threads end up in delayed_fput, and now there aren't any threads left to handle the queued fuse commands. Fix this by only using asynchronous fputs when closing files, and leave a comment explaining why.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: PCI/IOV: Add PCI rescan-remove locking when enabling/disabling SR-IOV Before disabling SR-IOV via config space accesses to the parent PF, sriov_disable() first removes the PCI devices representing the VFs. Since commit 9d16947b7583 ("PCI: Add global pci_lock_rescan_remove()") such removal operations are serialized against concurrent remove and rescan using the pci_rescan_remove_lock. No such locking was ever added in sriov_disable() however. In particular when commit 18f9e9d150fc ("PCI/IOV: Factor out sriov_add_vfs()") factored out the PCI device removal into sriov_del_vfs() there was still no locking around the pci_iov_remove_virtfn() calls. On s390 the lack of serialization in sriov_disable() may cause double remove and list corruption with the below (amended) trace being observed: PSW: 0704c00180000000 0000000c914e4b38 (klist_put+56) GPRS: 000003800313fb48 0000000000000000 0000000100000001 0000000000000001 00000000f9b520a8 0000000000000000 0000000000002fbd 00000000f4cc9480 0000000000000001 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000180692828 00000000818e8000 000003800313fe2c 000003800313fb20 000003800313fad8 #0 [3800313fb20] device_del at c9158ad5c #1 [3800313fb88] pci_remove_bus_device at c915105ba #2 [3800313fbd0] pci_iov_remove_virtfn at c9152f198 #3 [3800313fc28] zpci_iov_remove_virtfn at c90fb67c0 #4 [3800313fc60] zpci_bus_remove_device at c90fb6104 #5 [3800313fca0] __zpci_event_availability at c90fb3dca #6 [3800313fd08] chsc_process_sei_nt0 at c918fe4a2 #7 [3800313fd60] crw_collect_info at c91905822 #8 [3800313fe10] kthread at c90feb390 #9 [3800313fe68] __ret_from_fork at c90f6aa64 #10 [3800313fe98] ret_from_fork at c9194f3f2. This is because in addition to sriov_disable() removing the VFs, the platform also generates hot-unplug events for the VFs. This being the reverse operation to the hotplug events generated by sriov_enable() and handled via pdev->no_vf_scan. And while the event processing takes pci_rescan_remove_lock and checks whether the struct pci_dev still exists, the lack of synchronization makes this checking racy. Other races may also be possible of course though given that this lack of locking persisted so long observable races seem very rare. Even on s390 the list corruption was only observed with certain devices since the platform events are only triggered by config accesses after the removal, so as long as the removal finished synchronously they would not race. Either way the locking is missing so fix this by adding it to the sriov_del_vfs() helper. Just like PCI rescan-remove, locking is also missing in sriov_add_vfs() including for the error case where pci_stop_and_remove_bus_device() is called without the PCI rescan-remove lock being held. Even in the non-error case, adding new PCI devices and buses should be serialized via the PCI rescan-remove lock. Add the necessary locking.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/damon/vaddr: do not repeat pte_offset_map_lock() until success DAMON's virtual address space operation set implementation (vaddr) calls pte_offset_map_lock() inside the page table walk callback function. This is for reading and writing page table accessed bits. If pte_offset_map_lock() fails, it retries by returning the page table walk callback function with ACTION_AGAIN. pte_offset_map_lock() can continuously fail if the target is a pmd migration entry, though. Hence it could cause an infinite page table walk if the migration cannot be done until the page table walk is finished. This indeed caused a soft lockup when CPU hotplugging and DAMON were running in parallel. Avoid the infinite loop by simply not retrying the page table walk. DAMON is promising only a best-effort accuracy, so missing access to such pages is no problem.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: pidfs: validate extensible ioctls Validate extensible ioctls stricter than we do now.
Local privilege-relevant memory corruption in the Linux kernel's io_uring resource (rsrc) subsystem stems from faulty offset arithmetic when computing the first page of a coalesced folio from an unaligned user virtual address, allowing a local low-privileged user submitting io_uring requests to trigger out-of-bounds access with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. Fixed upstream and backported to stable trees (6.12.36, 6.15.5, 6.16); no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS exploitation probability is very low (0.03%, 6th percentile). Not listed in CISA KEV.
Improper cleanup of IPComp fallback tunnel xfrm states in the Linux kernel's IPsec (xfrm) subsystem allows a local low-privileged attacker to trigger memory corruption (use-after-free) leading to full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The flaw arises because fallback tunnel states were only deleted when the last user state was destroyed rather than deleted, so lingering skb references (via IP reassembly queues or deferred skb freeing) leave stale states on xfrm hashtables/lists, tripping the WARN in xfrm_state_fini and leaving dangling structures. This is not in CISA KEV and no public exploit was identified at time of analysis; EPSS is very low at 0.05%, but the 7.8 CVSS and CIA-high impact make it a meaningful local privilege-escalation candidate.
Local privilege escalation / kernel memory corruption in the Linux kernel's AF_UNIX garbage collector arises because unix_add_edge() fails to initialise the new vertex's scc_index field. On kernels where GC has already run and grouped sockets into strongly-connected components, a freshly allocated in-flight socket inherits a stale SCC index (via heap spraying), causing unix_vertex_dead() to misjudge an alive in-flight socket as dead and garbage-collect its receive queue - a use-after-free. A detailed public reproducer exists (publicly available exploit code exists); it is not in CISA KEV and EPSS is very low (0.04%).
Local privilege-holders can crash the Linux kernel through the Bluetooth Management (MGMT) interface, where the set_mesh_sync handler performs a memcpy against an improperly declared on-stack flexible array, triggering a KASAN-detected stack-out-of-bounds access. A companion defect in set_mesh_complete() causes a double list_del (via mgmt_pending_valid followed by mgmt_pending_remove), corrupting kernel list state. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS is negligible (0.03%), and the flaw is not on CISA KEV; it is fixed in the mainline/stable Bluetooth mesh code.
Denial of service (and potential use-after-free) in the Linux kernel's NFS server (nfsd) allows a malicious NFSv2/NFSv3 client to trigger a refcount leak in nfsd_set_fh_dentry() by presenting a synthesized pseudo-root filehandle. Because nfsd stores the export in struct svc_fh even after dropping its reference via exp_put(), a later fh_put() drops an extra reference, leading to use-after-free and possible crash of the NFS server. EPSS is low (0.07%, 21st percentile) and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis; despite the input's 9.8 CVSS, the description limits real impact to DoS reachable only by a client that deliberately forges an invalid filehandle.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ACPI: video: Fix use-after-free in acpi_video_switch_brightness() The switch_brightness_work delayed work accesses.
Denial of service in the Linux kernel's NFSD server (NFSv4 subsystem) allows a remote attacker to exhaust memory by specifying an arbitrarily large operation count in an NFSv4 COMPOUND request header, forcing NFSD to attempt a multi-terabyte vmalloc allocation that fails and disrupts service. The flaw was introduced by commit 48aab1606fa8, which removed the historical cap on operations per COMPOUND; the fix restores a limit (raised to 200). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV; EPSS is very low at 0.03%.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: fix memory leak of qgroup_list in btrfs_add_qgroup_relation When btrfs_add_qgroup_relation() is called with invalid qgroup. No vendor patch available.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: iris: fix module removal if firmware download failed Fix remove if firmware failed to load: qcom-iris aa00000.video-codec:. No vendor patch available.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: v4l2-subdev: Fix alloc failure check in v4l2_subdev_call_state_try() v4l2_subdev_call_state_try() macro allocates a subdev.
Denial of service in the Linux kernel's netfilter nf_tables subsystem allows a local user with network-administration capability to crash the host by referencing an NFT_OBJECT_SYNPROXY stateful object from the OUTPUT hook, triggering unbounded recursion (synproxy sends a SYN-ACK that re-enters the OUTPUT chain, which re-invokes synproxy) until the kernel stack guard page is hit. The fix adds validate functions to the objref and objrefmap expressions so nftables rejects such rules with 'Operation not supported.' No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and EPSS is negligible (0.03%), but a vendor patch is available and Ubuntu has shipped fixes.
Out-of-bounds heap write in the Linux kernel's Btrfs filesystem allows local corruption of adjacent memory when btrfs_encode_fh() encodes a connectable file handle whose parent inode resides in a different subvolume/root. The function reserves only BTRFS_FID_SIZE_CONNECTABLE (32 bytes) but then writes BTRFS_FID_SIZE_CONNECTABLE_ROOT (40 bytes), producing an 8-byte overflow at fid->parent_root_objectid when the caller's buffer (*max_len) is undersized. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, EPSS is low (0.07%), and the upstream commit notes the condition is not easily triggerable, making this a defensive hardening fix rather than an urgent externally-exploited flaw.
Timing side-channel in the Linux kernel's SCTP subsystem allows remote attackers to defeat message-authentication (MAC) integrity by measuring non-constant-time byte-by-byte MAC comparisons, enabling forgery of authenticated SCTP data. The flaw affects the in-kernel SCTP implementation across multiple stable kernel series and was resolved by switching to a constant-time comparison helper. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the EPSS score is very low (0.07%), consistent with the high attack complexity of a practical network timing attack.
Local privilege-adjacent memory corruption in the Linux kernel's listmount() mount-enumeration syscall arises because the code invoked path_put() while still holding the namespace semaphore; if that call drops the final reference to a path, cleanup runs under the held lock and can trigger a use-after-free or deadlock. Any local user able to call listmount() is affected on vulnerable stable kernels, and while EPSS is very low (0.03%) with no public exploit identified at time of analysis, the NVD-assigned CVSS of 7.8 reflects full CIA impact from local exploitation. The fix relocates the reference drop to outside the lock across three stable-branch commits.
Local privilege-relevant memory corruption in the Linux kernel's IPMI (Intelligent Platform Management Interface) subsystem stems from flawed user-message limit accounting, including improper reference counting and a use-after-free when messages are allocated in the receive path. A local user with access to the IPMI device can trigger the flaw to crash the system or potentially corrupt kernel memory, and while tagged as Denial of Service, the CVSS:3.1 vector rates full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact (7.8). There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the very low EPSS score (0.03%, 10th percentile) reflects limited near-term mass-exploitation expectation.
Local memory corruption in the Linux kernel's resource-limit syscall (prlimit64) stems from unsafe locking in the sys_prlimit64()->do_prlimit() path, where task_lock(tsk->group_leader) can operate on an already-freed or concurrently-changed task_struct. When a low-privileged local user targets another process that exits, execs, or performs a multithreaded exec, the kernel may take the wrong lock or dereference freed memory, enabling a use-after-free race. No public exploit is identified at time of analysis and EPSS exploitation probability is very low (0.03%), but the CVSS 3.1 score of 7.8 reflects high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact via local access.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Squashfs: reject negative file sizes in squashfs_read_inode() Syskaller reports a "WARNING in ovl_copy_up_file" in overlayfs.
Denial of service in the Linux kernel networking stack (page_pool subsystem) can crash affected systems at boot, originally observed on 32-bit PA-RISC hardware. The PP_MAGIC_MASK introduced for page_pool page tagging was defined too wide, causing page_pool_page_is_pp() to mistake ordinary kernel pointers for page_pool-tagged pages (false positives) and panic the machine. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS exploitation probability is negligible (0.03%); this is a reliability/robustness regression rather than an attacker-driven flaw.
Out-of-bounds buffer over-read in the Linux kernel ext4 filesystem driver allows disclosure of adjacent kernel memory or a system crash when a maliciously crafted ext4 superblock is mounted. The flaw lives in parse_apply_sb_mount_options(), which trusted the s_mount_opts field to be NUL-terminated (a guarantee normally provided only by tune2fs); a non-terminated string causes the parser to read past the buffer. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS rates practical exploitation as very low (0.07%), consistent with a local-only, mount-triggered issue rather than a remote mass-exploitation candidate.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: mc: Clear minor number before put device The device minor should not be cleared after the device is released. No vendor patch available.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fs: quota: create dedicated workqueue for quota_release_work There is a kernel panic due to WARN_ONCE when panic_on_warn is set.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mount: handle NULL values in mnt_ns_release() When calling in listmount() mnt_ns_release() may be passed a NULL pointer. No vendor patch available.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: cpufreq: intel_pstate: Fix object lifecycle issue in update_qos_request() The cpufreq_cpu_put() call in update_qos_request() takes.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xtensa: simdisk: add input size check in proc_write_simdisk A malicious user could pass an arbitrarily bad value to.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Revert "ipmi: fix msg stack when IPMI is disconnected" This reverts commit c608966f3f9c2dca596967501d00753282b395fc.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sctp: prevent possible shift-out-of-bounds in sctp_transport_update_rto syzbot reported a possible shift-out-of-bounds [1] Blamed commit added rto_alpha_max and rto_beta_max set to 1000. It is unclear if some sctp users are setting very large rto_alpha and/or rto_beta. In order to prevent user regression, perform the test at run time. Also add READ_ONCE() annotations as sysctl values can change under us. [1] UBSAN: shift-out-of-bounds in net/sctp/transport.c:509:41 shift exponent 64 is too large for 32-bit type 'unsigned int' CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 16704 Comm: syz.2.2320 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/02/2025 Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x16c/0x1f0 lib/dump_stack.c:120 ubsan_epilogue lib/ubsan.c:233 [inline] __ubsan_handle_shift_out_of_bounds+0x27f/0x420 lib/ubsan.c:494 sctp_transport_update_rto.cold+0x1c/0x34b net/sctp/transport.c:509 sctp_check_transmitted+0x11c4/0x1c30 net/sctp/outqueue.c:1502 sctp_outq_sack+0x4ef/0x1b20 net/sctp/outqueue.c:1338 sctp_cmd_process_sack net/sctp/sm_sideeffect.c:840 [inline] sctp_cmd_interpreter net/sctp/sm_sideeffect.c:1372 [inline]
Local privilege escalation via kernel memory corruption in the Linux kernel's TIPC (Transparent Inter-Process Communication) subsystem allows a local attacker with network-admin capability to trigger a use-after-free in tipc_mon_reinit_self(). The flaw stems from tipc_net_finalize_work() iterating the RTNL-protected monitors[] array from a workqueue without holding the RTNL lock, letting freed monitor structures be accessed. Reported by syzbot with no public exploit and a very low EPSS (0.05%); it is not in CISA KEV, and a vendor fix is available across all supported stable branches.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: sched: act_connmark: initialize struct tc_ife to fix kernel leak In tcf_connmark_dump(), the variable 'opt' was partially initialized using a designatied initializer. While the padding bytes are reamined uninitialized. nla_put() copies the entire structure into a netlink message, these uninitialized bytes leaked to userspace. Initialize the structure with memset before assigning its fields to ensure all members and padding are cleared prior to beign copied.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: sched: act_ife: initialize struct tc_ife to fix KMSAN kernel-infoleak Fix a KMSAN kernel-infoleak detected by the syzbot . [net?] KMSAN: kernel-infoleak in __skb_datagram_iter In tcf_ife_dump(), the variable 'opt' was partially initialized using a designatied initializer. While the padding bytes are reamined uninitialized. nla_put() copies the entire structure into a netlink message, these uninitialized bytes leaked to userspace. Initialize the structure with memset before assigning its fields to ensure all members and padding are cleared prior to beign copied. This change silences the KMSAN report and prevents potential information leaks from the kernel memory. This fix has been tested and validated by syzbot. This patch closes the bug reported at the following syzkaller link and ensures no infoleak.
Out-of-bounds memory access in the Linux kernel's DRM vmwgfx (VMware SVGA/virtual GPU) driver allows a local, low-privileged user to trigger buffer over-reads or over-writes by submitting a command with an unvalidated header size. The driver failed to validate the userspace-supplied command header size against SVGA_CMD_MAX_DATASIZE before using it in buffer offset calculations, enabling an overflow that leads to out-of-bounds access with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact (CVSS 7.8). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and with an EPSS of 0.05% (16th percentile) the vulnerability is not currently listed in CISA KEV.
Information disclosure and memory corruption in the Linux kernel's drm/panthor GPU driver (ARM Mali CSF GPUs, kernel 6.10 through the 6.17.x series) arises because the driver maps freshly allocated shmem-backed GPU buffers as CPU-uncached without flushing the cached zeroing writes performed by the shmem layer, leaving dirty cachelines that can leak previously freed data or asynchronously corrupt buffer contents when those lines are later evicted. A local low-privileged user with access to the panthor GPU device can trigger the condition through normal buffer allocation. This carries CVSS 7.3; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the EPSS score is very low (0.03%, 9th percentile).
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: usb-audio: Fix NULL pointer dereference in snd_usb_mixer_controls_badd In snd_usb_create_streams(), for UAC version 3 devices, the Interface Association Descriptor (IAD) is retrieved via usb_ifnum_to_if(). If this call fails, a fallback routine attempts to obtain the IAD from the next interface and sets a BADD profile. However, snd_usb_mixer_controls_badd() assumes that the IAD retrieved from usb_ifnum_to_if() is always valid, without performing a NULL check. This can lead to a NULL pointer dereference when usb_ifnum_to_if() fails to find the interface descriptor. This patch adds a NULL pointer check after calling usb_ifnum_to_if() in snd_usb_mixer_controls_badd() to prevent the dereference. This issue was discovered by syzkaller, which triggered the bug by sending a crafted USB device descriptor.
Local memory corruption in the Linux kernel's KVM guest_memfd subsystem (introduced in 6.8) lets a local user with KVM VM-management access trigger a slab use-after-free by racing memslot deletion against release of a dying guest_memfd file. When a memslot is freed before its guest_memfd file is fully released, kvm_gmem_release() writes to already-freed memory, as confirmed by a syzbot/KASAN report. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS is negligible (0.03%, 6th percentile), reflecting a narrow race rather than a broadly weaponizable flaw.
Denial of service and kernel memory corruption in the Linux kernel NFS server (nfsd) allows an NFS client to trigger a linked-list corruption and kernel oops by exploiting improper cleanup of COPY_NOTIFY stateids. When a client performs OPEN then COPY_NOTIFY on the resulting parent stateid, then reboots and forces state expiry via CREATE_SESSION, nfs4_free_ol_stateid() frees the parent without releasing the associated copynotify stateid, so the laundromat worker later corrupts the list and crashes. Carries CVSS 8.8; EPSS is very low (0.05%, 16th percentile) and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege-boundary instability in the Linux kernel's secret memory subsystem (mm/secretmem) stems from a use-after-free race in the page-fault handler for files created via memfd_secret(2). When two tasks fault the same secret-memory page concurrently, the losing task frees its folio before restoring the page to the kernel direct map, briefly returning a not-present page to the allocator; a subsequent allocation and kernel access triggers a supervisor not-present page fault. Affects long-lived kernel branches (5.14 through 6.18-rc) with no public exploit identified at time of analysis and a low EPSS score (0.05%, 16th percentile).
Use-after-free in the Linux kernel's procfs directory-reading path (proc_readdir_de() in fs/proc) allows a local user to trigger a race between directory traversal and concurrent removal of proc entries, corrupting kernel memory. The bug arises because a proc_dir_entry is erased from the subdir red-black tree without clearing the node, so pde_subdir_next() can return a freed node; it was found via stress-ng running getdents against /proc/<pid>/net/dev_snmp6/ while network devices (tun interfaces) are unregistered. Publicly available exploit code exists and a vendor patch is available, but the CVE is not listed in CISA KEV and carries a very low EPSS score (0.05%), indicating no evidence of widespread exploitation.
Local privilege-boundary memory corruption in the Linux kernel's swap subsystem (memory management) allows a race between swapoff on one device and swapin on another to trigger a use-after-free of a swap device structure during VMA (page-table-walking) swap readahead. Introduced by commit 78524b05f1a3 which removed redundant swap device pinning in __read_swap_cache_async, the flaw affects kernels from 6.15 up to the fixed releases; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS is negligible at 0.03%. Impact is scoped to systems with swap enabled across multiple swap devices where the readahead path can encounter entries belonging to a device it does not hold a reference to.
Local privilege escalation and memory corruption in the Linux kernel's ALSA USB-audio driver (snd-usb-audio) arises because PCM transfer packet sizes are computed solely from the sample rate and packets-per-second without validating against the endpoint's wMaxPacketSize limit, allowing a crafted or malformed USB audio descriptor to overflow the URB packet buffer. An attacker with local access and the ability to attach a malicious USB device (or a compromised low-privileged context reaching the audio stack) can trigger heap buffer overflow, as originally reported by syzbot. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS is low (0.16%), but the CVSS 7.8 reflects high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability once triggered.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: cifs: client: fix memory leak in smb3_fs_context_parse_param The user calls fsconfig twice, but when the program exits, free() only frees ctx->source for the second fsconfig, not the first. Regarding fc->source, there is no code in the fs context related to its memory reclamation. To fix this memory leak, release the source memory corresponding to ctx or fc before each parsing. syzbot reported: BUG: memory leak unreferenced object 0xffff888128afa360 (size 96): backtrace (crc 79c9c7ba): kstrdup+0x3c/0x80 mm/util.c:84 smb3_fs_context_parse_param+0x229b/0x36c0 fs/smb/client/fs_context.c:1444 BUG: memory leak unreferenced object 0xffff888112c7d900 (size 96): backtrace (crc 79c9c7ba): smb3_fs_context_fullpath+0x70/0x1b0 fs/smb/client/fs_context.c:629 smb3_fs_context_parse_param+0x2266/0x36c0 fs/smb/client/fs_context.c:1438
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: io_uring/rw: ensure allocated iovec gets cleared for early failure A previous commit reused the recyling infrastructure for early cleanup, but this is not enough for the case where our internal caches have overflowed. If this happens, then the allocated iovec can get leaked if the request is also aborted early. Reinstate the previous forced free of the iovec for that situation.
Out-of-bounds memory access in the Linux kernel's arm64 protected-KVM (pKVM) hypervisor allows a compromised or malicious host kernel to read beyond the bounds of the hypervisor's FF-A (Arm Firmware Framework) shared-memory buffer by supplying an unvalidated composite-memory-region offset in the range [U32_MAX - sizeof(struct ffa_composite_mem_region) + 1, U32_MAX]. Because the host is normally treated as untrusted relative to the hypervisor in the pKVM confidential-compute model, this breaks the host/hypervisor isolation boundary (CVSS scope change) and can disclose hypervisor memory or crash it. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the EPSS score is very low (0.03%), consistent with a hard-to-reach, config-specific hypervisor bug rather than mass exploitation.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vfat: fix missing sb_min_blocksize() return value checks When emulating an nvme device on qemu with both logical_block_size and physical_block_size set to 8 KiB, but without format, a kernel panic was triggered during the early boot stage while attempting to mount a vfat filesystem. [95553.682035] EXT4-fs (nvme0n1): unable to set blocksize [95553.684326] EXT4-fs (nvme0n1): unable to set blocksize [95553.686501] EXT4-fs (nvme0n1): unable to set blocksize [95553.696448] ISOFS: unsupported/invalid hardware sector size 8192 [95553.697117] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [95553.697567] kernel BUG at fs/buffer.c:1582! [95553.697984] Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI [95553.698602] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 7212 Comm: mount Kdump: loaded Not tainted 6.18.0-rc2+ #38 PREEMPT(voluntary) [95553.699511] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.16.3-0-ga6ed6b701f0a-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 [95553.700534] RIP: 0010:folio_alloc_buffers+0x1bb/0x1c0 [95553.701018] Code: 48 8b 15 e8 93 18 02 65 48 89 35 e0 93 18 02 48 83 c4 10 5b 41 5c 41 5d 41 5e 41 5f 5d 31 d2 31 c9 31 f6 31 ff c3 cc cc cc cc <0f> 0b 90 66 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 0f [95553.702648] RSP: 0018:ffffd1b0c676f990 EFLAGS: 00010246 [95553.703132] RAX: ffff8cfc4176d820 RBX: 0000000000508c48 RCX: 0000000000000001 [95553.703805] RDX: 0000000000002000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000000000000000 [95553.704481] RBP: ffffd1b0c676f9c8 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 [95553.705148] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000000001 [95553.705816] R13: 0000000000002000 R14: fffff8bc8257e800 R15: 0000000000000000 [95553.706483] FS: 000072ee77315840(0000) GS:ffff8cfdd2c8d000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 [95553.707248] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 [95553.707782] CR2: 00007d8f2a9e5a20 CR3: 0000000039d0c006 CR4: 0000000000772ef0 [95553.708439] PKRU: 55555554 [95553.708734] Call Trace: [95553.709015] <TASK> [95553.709266] __getblk_slow+0xd2/0x230 [95553.709641] ? find_get_block_common+0x8b/0x530 [95553.710084] bdev_getblk+0x77/0xa0 [95553.710449] __bread_gfp+0x22/0x140 [95553.710810] fat_fill_super+0x23a/0xfc0 [95553.711216] ? __pfx_setup+0x10/0x10 [95553.711580] ? __pfx_vfat_fill_super+0x10/0x10 [95553.712014] vfat_fill_super+0x15/0x30 [95553.712401] get_tree_bdev_flags+0x141/0x1e0 [95553.712817] get_tree_bdev+0x10/0x20 [95553.713177] vfat_get_tree+0x15/0x20 [95553.713550] vfs_get_tree+0x2a/0x100 [95553.713910] vfs_cmd_create+0x62/0xf0 [95553.714273] __do_sys_fsconfig+0x4e7/0x660 [95553.714669] __x64_sys_fsconfig+0x20/0x40 [95553.715062] x64_sys_call+0x21ee/0x26a0 [95553.715453] do_syscall_64+0x80/0x670 [95553.715816] ? __fs_parse+0x65/0x1e0 [95553.716172] ? fat_parse_param+0x103/0x4b0 [95553.716587] ? vfs_parse_fs_param_source+0x21/0xa0 [95553.717034] ? __do_sys_fsconfig+0x3d9/0x660 [95553.717548] ? __x64_sys_fsconfig+0x20/0x40 [95553.717957] ? x64_sys_call+0x21ee/0x26a0 [95553.718360] ? do_syscall_64+0xb8/0x670 [95553.718734] ? __x64_sys_fsconfig+0x20/0x40 [95553.719141] ? x64_sys_call+0x21ee/0x26a0 [95553.719545] ? do_syscall_64+0xb8/0x670 [95553.719922] ? x64_sys_call+0x1405/0x26a0 [95553.720317] ? do_syscall_64+0xb8/0x670 [95553.720702] ? __x64_sys_close+0x3e/0x90 [95553.721080] ? x64_sys_call+0x1b5e/0x26a0 [95553.721478] ? do_syscall_64+0xb8/0x670 [95553.721841] ? irqentry_exit+0x43/0x50 [95553.722211] ? exc_page_fault+0x90/0x1b0 [95553.722681] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e [95553.723166] RIP: 0033:0x72ee774f3afe [95553.723562] Code: 73 01 c3 48 8b 0d 0a 33 0f 00 f7 d8 64 89 01 48 83 c8 ff c3 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 f3 0f 1e fa 49 89 ca b8 af 01 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 8b 0d da 32 0f 00 f7 d8 64 89 01 48 [95553.725188] RSP: 002b:00007ffe97148978 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000001af [95553.725892] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: ---truncated---
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: be2net: pass wrb_params in case of OS2BMC be_insert_vlan_in_pkt() is called with the wrb_params argument being NULL at be_send_pkt_to_bmc() call site. This may lead to dereferencing a NULL pointer when processing a workaround for specific packet, as commit bc0c3405abbb ("be2net: fix a Tx stall bug caused by a specific ipv6 packet") states. The correct way would be to pass the wrb_params from be_xmit().
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Input: cros_ec_keyb - fix an invalid memory access If cros_ec_keyb_register_matrix() isn't called (due to `buttons_switches_only`) in cros_ec_keyb_probe(), `ckdev->idev` remains NULL. An invalid memory access is observed in cros_ec_keyb_process() when receiving an EC_MKBP_EVENT_KEY_MATRIX event in cros_ec_keyb_work() in such case. Unable to handle kernel read from unreadable memory at virtual address 0000000000000028 ... x3 : 0000000000000000 x2 : 0000000000000000 x1 : 0000000000000000 x0 : 0000000000000000 Call trace: input_event cros_ec_keyb_work blocking_notifier_call_chain ec_irq_thread It's still unknown about why the kernel receives such malformed event, in any cases, the kernel shouldn't access `ckdev->idev` and friends if the driver doesn't intend to initialize them.
Local memory corruption in the Linux kernel's imx_sc_key input driver (drivers/input/keyboard/imx_sc_key.c) for NXP i.MX SoCs occurs during module unload/unbind: a devm cleanup action was registered with the address of a stack variable (&priv) instead of the priv pointer itself, so imx_sc_key_action() dereferences a stale stack address. Triggering the corruption requires unloading or unbinding the driver on affected i.MX hardware, and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis. EPSS is negligible (0.05%, 16th percentile) and it is not in CISA KEV, so this is a stability/robustness fix on niche hardware rather than a broadly exploited flaw.
Kernel crash and use-after-free list corruption in the Linux kernel's NVMe-over-Fibre-Channel (nvme-fc) transport driver occurs when tearing down a controller: nvme_fc_delete_ctrl() calls cancel_work_sync() on ->ioerr_work before nvme_fc_delete_association() completes, so a late I/O error can re-queue ->ioerr_work after cancellation and let it run against a freed nvme_fc_ctrl object. The result is a kworker hitting kernel BUG at lib/list_debug.c (list_del corruption) and an oops, affecting hosts using NVMe/FC attached storage. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS is very low (0.05%), consistent with a local, hardware-conditional stability bug rather than a broadly weaponizable flaw.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sched_ext: Fix scx_enable() crash on helper kthread creation failure A crash was observed when the sched_ext selftests runner was terminated with Ctrl+\ while test 15 was running: NIP [c00000000028fa58] scx_enable.constprop.0+0x358/0x12b0 LR [c00000000028fa2c] scx_enable.constprop.0+0x32c/0x12b0 Call Trace: scx_enable.constprop.0+0x32c/0x12b0 (unreliable) bpf_struct_ops_link_create+0x18c/0x22c __sys_bpf+0x23f8/0x3044 sys_bpf+0x2c/0x6c system_call_exception+0x124/0x320 system_call_vectored_common+0x15c/0x2ec kthread_run_worker() returns an ERR_PTR() on failure rather than NULL, but the current code in scx_alloc_and_add_sched() only checks for a NULL helper. Incase of failure on SIGQUIT, the error is not handled in scx_alloc_and_add_sched() and scx_enable() ends up dereferencing an error pointer. Error handling is fixed in scx_alloc_and_add_sched() to propagate PTR_ERR() into ret, so that scx_enable() jumps to the existing error path, avoiding random dereference on failure.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: sg: Do not sleep in atomic context sg_finish_rem_req() calls blk_rq_unmap_user(). The latter function may sleep. Hence, call sg_finish_rem_req() with interrupts enabled instead of disabled.
Use-after-free in the Linux kernel's MPTCP subsystem stems from a race in mptcp_schedule_work() (net/mptcp/protocol.c), where the socket refcount was taken only after the work item was queued, allowing mptcp_worker() to run and free the socket before sock_hold() executes. Reachable via the MPTCP timeout timer (mptcp_tout_timer), it was found by syzbot and produces a refcount 'addition on 0' warning that signals kernel memory corruption. No public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS is very low (0.05%), consistent with a hard-to-time race rather than a readily weaponized flaw despite the auto-generated 9.8 score.
Denial-of-service via a use-after-free in the Linux kernel's MPTCP path-manager allows the add-address timer (mptcp_pm_del_add_timer()) to call sk_stop_timer_sync() on an announcement-list entry that another context has already freed, corrupting kernel memory. The flaw affects the mptcp subsystem across multiple long-lived stable branches and was found by syzbot via a KASAN slab-use-after-free report; the upstream fix adds RCU protection. No public exploit is identified at time of analysis, EPSS is 0.05%, and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfrm: also call xfrm_state_delete_tunnel at destroy time for states that were never added In commit b441cf3f8c4b ("xfrm: delete x->tunnel as we delete x"), I missed the case where state creation fails between full initialization (->init_state has been called) and being inserted on the lists. In this situation, ->init_state has been called, so for IPcomp tunnels, the fallback tunnel has been created and added onto the lists, but the user state never gets added, because we fail before that. The user state doesn't go through __xfrm_state_delete, so we don't call xfrm_state_delete_tunnel for those states, and we end up leaking the FB tunnel. There are several codepaths affected by this: the add/update paths, in both net/key and xfrm, and the migrate code (xfrm_migrate, xfrm_state_migrate). A "proper" rollback of the init_state work would probably be doable in the add/update code, but for migrate it gets more complicated as multiple states may be involved. At some point, the new (not-inserted) state will be destroyed, so call xfrm_state_delete_tunnel during xfrm_state_gc_destroy. Most states will have their fallback tunnel cleaned up during __xfrm_state_delete, which solves the issue that b441cf3f8c4b (and other patches before it) aimed at. All states (including FB tunnels) will be removed from the lists once xfrm_state_fini has called flush_work(&xfrm_state_gc_work).
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: core: prevent NULL deref in generic_hwtstamp_ioctl_lower() The ethtool tsconfig Netlink path can trigger a null pointer dereference. A call chain such as: tsconfig_prepare_data() -> dev_get_hwtstamp_phylib() -> vlan_hwtstamp_get() -> generic_hwtstamp_get_lower() -> generic_hwtstamp_ioctl_lower() results in generic_hwtstamp_ioctl_lower() being called with kernel_cfg->ifr as NULL. The generic_hwtstamp_ioctl_lower() function does not expect a NULL ifr and dereferences it, leading to a system crash. Fix this by adding a NULL check for kernel_cfg->ifr in generic_hwtstamp_ioctl_lower(). If ifr is NULL, return -EINVAL.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: openvswitch: remove never-working support for setting nsh fields The validation of the set(nsh(...)) action is completely wrong. It runs through the nsh_key_put_from_nlattr() function that is the same function that validates NSH keys for the flow match and the push_nsh() action. However, the set(nsh(...)) has a very different memory layout. Nested attributes in there are doubled in size in case of the masked set(). That makes proper validation impossible. There is also confusion in the code between the 'masked' flag, that says that the nested attributes are doubled in size containing both the value and the mask, and the 'is_mask' that says that the value we're parsing is the mask. This is causing kernel crash on trying to write into mask part of the match with SW_FLOW_KEY_PUT() during validation, while validate_nsh() doesn't allocate any memory for it: BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000018 #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page PGD 1c2383067 P4D 1c2383067 PUD 20b703067 PMD 0 Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI CPU: 8 UID: 0 Kdump: loaded Not tainted 6.17.0-rc4+ #107 PREEMPT(voluntary) RIP: 0010:nsh_key_put_from_nlattr+0x19d/0x610 [openvswitch] Call Trace: <TASK> validate_nsh+0x60/0x90 [openvswitch] validate_set.constprop.0+0x270/0x3c0 [openvswitch] __ovs_nla_copy_actions+0x477/0x860 [openvswitch] ovs_nla_copy_actions+0x8d/0x100 [openvswitch] ovs_packet_cmd_execute+0x1cc/0x310 [openvswitch] genl_family_rcv_msg_doit+0xdb/0x130 genl_family_rcv_msg+0x14b/0x220 genl_rcv_msg+0x47/0xa0 netlink_rcv_skb+0x53/0x100 genl_rcv+0x24/0x40 netlink_unicast+0x280/0x3b0 netlink_sendmsg+0x1f7/0x430 ____sys_sendmsg+0x36b/0x3a0 ___sys_sendmsg+0x87/0xd0 __sys_sendmsg+0x6d/0xd0 do_syscall_64+0x7b/0x2c0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e The third issue with this process is that while trying to convert the non-masked set into masked one, validate_set() copies and doubles the size of the OVS_KEY_ATTR_NSH as if it didn't have any nested attributes. It should be copying each nested attribute and doubling them in size independently. And the process must be properly reversed during the conversion back from masked to a non-masked variant during the flow dump. In the end, the only two outcomes of trying to use this action are either validation failure or a kernel crash. And if somehow someone manages to install a flow with such an action, it will most definitely not do what it is supposed to, since all the keys and the masks are mixed up. Fixing all the issues is a complex task as it requires re-writing most of the validation code. Given that and the fact that this functionality never worked since introduction, let's just remove it altogether. It's better to re-introduce it later with a proper implementation instead of trying to fix it in stable releases.
Memory corruption in the Linux kernel's s390/ctcm mainframe network driver stems from a double-kfree: mpc_rcvd_sweep_req() frees the mpcginfo structure, then ctcmpc_unpack_skb() frees the same pointer again after the conditional call returns. Discovered via clang static analysis, it affects IBM Z (s390) systems using the CTCM MPC networking driver and could lead to kernel memory corruption, denial of service, or potentially escalation when a crafted MPC sweep-request frame is processed. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS risk is negligible (0.05%), and it is not listed in CISA KEV; the fix has shipped in stable kernel releases.
Out-of-bounds read in the Linux kernel's QLogic qede (FastLinQ 4xxxx) Ethernet driver arises in the TPA hardware-aggregation handlers qede_tpa_cont() and qede_tpa_end(), where loops walk the fixed-size cqe->len_list[] array using only a zero-length terminator as the stop condition; a missing or malformed terminator lets the loop read past the array. It affects systems running the qede driver on QLogic FastLinQ NICs and, if triggered, exposes the kernel to adjacent-memory disclosure or a crash. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS is very low (0.05%), and the flaw was found by static analysis (SVACE) rather than observed exploitation, so the published 9.8 CVSS appears substantially inflated relative to the true read-primitive impact.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: devlink: rate: Unset parent pointer in devl_rate_nodes_destroy The function devl_rate_nodes_destroy is documented to "Unset parent for all rate objects". However, it was only calling the driver-specific `rate_leaf_parent_set` or `rate_node_parent_set` ops and decrementing the parent's refcount, without actually setting the `devlink_rate->parent` pointer to NULL. This leaves a dangling pointer in the `devlink_rate` struct, which cause refcount error in netdevsim[1] and mlx5[2]. In addition, this is inconsistent with the behavior of `devlink_nl_rate_parent_node_set`, where the parent pointer is correctly cleared. This patch fixes the issue by explicitly setting `devlink_rate->parent` to NULL after notifying the driver, thus fulfilling the function's documented behavior for all rate objects. [1] repro steps: echo 1 > /sys/bus/netdevsim/new_device devlink dev eswitch set netdevsim/netdevsim1 mode switchdev echo 1 > /sys/bus/netdevsim/devices/netdevsim1/sriov_numvfs devlink port function rate add netdevsim/netdevsim1/test_node devlink port function rate set netdevsim/netdevsim1/128 parent test_node echo 1 > /sys/bus/netdevsim/del_device dmesg: refcount_t: decrement hit 0; leaking memory. WARNING: CPU: 8 PID: 1530 at lib/refcount.c:31 refcount_warn_saturate+0x42/0xe0 CPU: 8 UID: 0 PID: 1530 Comm: bash Not tainted 6.18.0-rc4+ #1 NONE Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS rel-1.16.0-0-gd239552ce722-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0x42/0xe0 Call Trace: <TASK> devl_rate_leaf_destroy+0x8d/0x90 __nsim_dev_port_del+0x6c/0x70 [netdevsim] nsim_dev_reload_destroy+0x11c/0x140 [netdevsim] nsim_drv_remove+0x2b/0xb0 [netdevsim] device_release_driver_internal+0x194/0x1f0 bus_remove_device+0xc6/0x130 device_del+0x159/0x3c0 device_unregister+0x1a/0x60 del_device_store+0x111/0x170 [netdevsim] kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x12e/0x1e0 vfs_write+0x215/0x3d0 ksys_write+0x5f/0xd0 do_syscall_64+0x55/0x10f0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53 [2] devlink dev eswitch set pci/0000:08:00.0 mode switchdev devlink port add pci/0000:08:00.0 flavour pcisf pfnum 0 sfnum 1000 devlink port function rate add pci/0000:08:00.0/group1 devlink port function rate set pci/0000:08:00.0/32768 parent group1 modprobe -r mlx5_ib mlx5_fwctl mlx5_core dmesg: refcount_t: decrement hit 0; leaking memory. WARNING: CPU: 7 PID: 16151 at lib/refcount.c:31 refcount_warn_saturate+0x42/0xe0 CPU: 7 UID: 0 PID: 16151 Comm: bash Not tainted 6.17.0-rc7_for_upstream_min_debug_2025_10_02_12_44 #1 NONE Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS rel-1.16.3-0-ga6ed6b701f0a-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0x42/0xe0 Call Trace: <TASK> devl_rate_leaf_destroy+0x8d/0x90 mlx5_esw_offloads_devlink_port_unregister+0x33/0x60 [mlx5_core] mlx5_esw_offloads_unload_rep+0x3f/0x50 [mlx5_core] mlx5_eswitch_unload_sf_vport+0x40/0x90 [mlx5_core] mlx5_sf_esw_event+0xc4/0x120 [mlx5_core] notifier_call_chain+0x33/0xa0 blocking_notifier_call_chain+0x3b/0x50 mlx5_eswitch_disable_locked+0x50/0x110 [mlx5_core] mlx5_eswitch_disable+0x63/0x90 [mlx5_core] mlx5_unload+0x1d/0x170 [mlx5_core] mlx5_uninit_one+0xa2/0x130 [mlx5_core] remove_one+0x78/0xd0 [mlx5_core] pci_device_remove+0x39/0xa0 device_release_driver_internal+0x194/0x1f0 unbind_store+0x99/0xa0 kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x12e/0x1e0 vfs_write+0x215/0x3d0 ksys_write+0x5f/0xd0 do_syscall_64+0x53/0x1f0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53
Local denial of service in the Linux kernel's mlx5_core driver (Mellanox/NVIDIA ConnectX network adapters) allows a system crash when mlx5_irq_alloc() fails on an exhausted IRQ vector pool. The faulty error path frees the entire CPU reverse-map (rmap) instead of only the newly added IRQ glue object, producing a general protection fault in free_irq_cpu_rmap() when another thread later dereferences the freed structure. The fix is available from vendor; EPSS is very low (0.03%, 7th percentile) and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege-context memory corruption in the Linux kernel's GPIO character device (gpio cdev) subsystem allows a use-after-free on the file structure backing an open GPIO chardev descriptor. When a GPIO line-change event fires after the final fput() has dropped the fd's reference count to zero but before the deferred .release() callback unregisters the notifier, the kernel calls get_file() on a file with a zero refcount, triggering a use-after-free (warned as 'f_count incremented from zero; use-after-free condition present'). No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and the EPSS score is negligible (0.03%), consistent with a hard-to-win local race rather than a widely exploited flaw.
Local privilege-escalation-grade memory corruption in the Linux kernel's AF_VSOCK (virtio/vhost vsock) stack allows a local user to trigger a use-after-free or NULL-pointer dereference by racing a signal or timeout against an in-progress connect() on an already-established socket. Aborting the connect could tear down a connected socket while a concurrent sendmsg() or sockmap operation runs, corrupting credit accounting (bytes_unsent), breaking sockmap invariants, and enabling a transport change/drop after TCP_ESTABLISHED. No public exploit is identified at time of analysis and EPSS is 0.05%, but the flaw is patched across many stable branches and tracked by Ubuntu, Debian, and Siemens.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/msm: Fix pgtable prealloc error path The following splat was reported: Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 0000000000000010 Mem abort info: ESR = 0x0000000096000004 EC = 0x25: DABT (current EL), IL = 32 bits SET = 0, FnV = 0 EA = 0, S1PTW = 0 FSC = 0x04: level 0 translation fault Data abort info: ISV = 0, ISS = 0x00000004, ISS2 = 0x00000000 CM = 0, WnR = 0, TnD = 0, TagAccess = 0 GCS = 0, Overlay = 0, DirtyBit = 0, Xs = 0 user pgtable: 4k pages, 48-bit VAs, pgdp=00000008d0fd8000 [0000000000000010] pgd=0000000000000000, p4d=0000000000000000 Internal error: Oops: 0000000096000004 [#1] SMP CPU: 5 UID: 1000 PID: 149076 Comm: Xwayland Tainted: G S 6.16.0-rc2-00809-g0b6974bb4134-dirty #367 PREEMPT Tainted: [S]=CPU_OUT_OF_SPEC Hardware name: Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. SM8650 HDK (DT) pstate: 83400005 (Nzcv daif +PAN -UAO +TCO +DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) pc : build_detached_freelist+0x28/0x224 lr : kmem_cache_free_bulk.part.0+0x38/0x244 sp : ffff000a508c7a20 x29: ffff000a508c7a20 x28: ffff000a508c7d50 x27: ffffc4e49d16f350 x26: 0000000000000058 x25: 00000000fffffffc x24: 0000000000000000 x23: ffff00098c4e1450 x22: 00000000fffffffc x21: 0000000000000000 x20: ffff000a508c7af8 x19: 0000000000000002 x18: 00000000000003e8 x17: ffff000809523850 x16: ffff000809523820 x15: 0000000000401640 x14: ffff000809371140 x13: 0000000000000130 x12: ffff0008b5711e30 x11: 00000000001058fa x10: 0000000000000a80 x9 : ffff000a508c7940 x8 : ffff000809371ba0 x7 : 781fffe033087fff x6 : 0000000000000000 x5 : ffff0008003cd000 x4 : 781fffe033083fff x3 : ffff000a508c7af8 x2 : fffffdffc0000000 x1 : 0001000000000000 x0 : ffff0008001a6a00 Call trace: build_detached_freelist+0x28/0x224 (P) kmem_cache_free_bulk.part.0+0x38/0x244 kmem_cache_free_bulk+0x10/0x1c msm_iommu_pagetable_prealloc_cleanup+0x3c/0xd0 msm_vma_job_free+0x30/0x240 msm_ioctl_vm_bind+0x1d0/0x9a0 drm_ioctl_kernel+0x84/0x104 drm_ioctl+0x358/0x4d4 __arm64_sys_ioctl+0x8c/0xe0 invoke_syscall+0x44/0x100 el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0x3c/0xe0 do_el0_svc+0x18/0x20 el0_svc+0x30/0x100 el0t_64_sync_handler+0x104/0x130 el0t_64_sync+0x170/0x174 Code: aa0203f5 b26287e2 f2dfbfe2 aa0303f4 (f8737ab6) ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- Since msm_vma_job_free() is called directly from the ioctl, this looks like an error path cleanup issue. Which I think results from prealloc_cleanup() called without a preceding successful prealloc_allocate() call. So handle that case better. Patchwork: https://patchwork.freedesktop.org/patch/678677/
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfs: fix out of bounds memory read error in symlink repair xfs/286 produced this report on my test fleet: ================================================================== BUG: KFENCE: out-of-bounds read in memcpy_orig+0x54/0x110 Out-of-bounds read at 0xffff88843fe9e038 (184B right of kfence-#184): memcpy_orig+0x54/0x110 xrep_symlink_salvage_inline+0xb3/0xf0 [xfs] xrep_symlink_salvage+0x100/0x110 [xfs] xrep_symlink+0x2e/0x80 [xfs] xrep_attempt+0x61/0x1f0 [xfs] xfs_scrub_metadata+0x34f/0x5c0 [xfs] xfs_ioc_scrubv_metadata+0x387/0x560 [xfs] xfs_file_ioctl+0xe23/0x10e0 [xfs] __x64_sys_ioctl+0x76/0xc0 do_syscall_64+0x4e/0x1e0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53 kfence-#184: 0xffff88843fe9df80-0xffff88843fe9dfea, size=107, cache=kmalloc-128 allocated by task 3470 on cpu 1 at 263329.131592s (192823.508886s ago): xfs_init_local_fork+0x79/0xe0 [xfs] xfs_iformat_local+0xa4/0x170 [xfs] xfs_iformat_data_fork+0x148/0x180 [xfs] xfs_inode_from_disk+0x2cd/0x480 [xfs] xfs_iget+0x450/0xd60 [xfs] xfs_bulkstat_one_int+0x6b/0x510 [xfs] xfs_bulkstat_iwalk+0x1e/0x30 [xfs] xfs_iwalk_ag_recs+0xdf/0x150 [xfs] xfs_iwalk_run_callbacks+0xb9/0x190 [xfs] xfs_iwalk_ag+0x1dc/0x2f0 [xfs] xfs_iwalk_args.constprop.0+0x6a/0x120 [xfs] xfs_iwalk+0xa4/0xd0 [xfs] xfs_bulkstat+0xfa/0x170 [xfs] xfs_ioc_fsbulkstat.isra.0+0x13a/0x230 [xfs] xfs_file_ioctl+0xbf2/0x10e0 [xfs] __x64_sys_ioctl+0x76/0xc0 do_syscall_64+0x4e/0x1e0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53 CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 1300113 Comm: xfs_scrub Not tainted 6.18.0-rc4-djwx #rc4 PREEMPT(lazy) 3d744dd94e92690f00a04398d2bd8631dcef1954 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.0-4.module+el8.8.0+21164+ed375313 04/01/2014 ================================================================== On further analysis, I realized that the second parameter to min() is not correct. xfs_ifork::if_bytes is the size of the xfs_ifork::if_data buffer. if_bytes can be smaller than the data fork size because: (a) the forkoff code tries to keep the data area as large as possible (b) for symbolic links, if_bytes is the ondisk file size + 1 (c) forkoff is always a multiple of 8. Case in point: for a single-byte symlink target, forkoff will be 8 but the buffer will only be 2 bytes long. In other words, the logic here is wrong and we walk off the end of the incore buffer. Fix that.
Memory-map miscalculation in the Linux kernel's nios2 architecture code allows local low-privileged users to trigger kernel paging failures and denial of service on affected nios2 (soft-core) systems built with CONFIG_FLATMEM. Because memblock.current_limit is left at its default MEMBLOCK_ALLOC_ANYWHERE when pfn limits are computed, max_low_pfn can exceed max_pfn and push mem_map beyond valid DRAM, producing 'Unable to handle kernel paging request' oopses and kernel panics. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS is 0.04% (11th percentile) and the flaw is not in CISA KEV.
Uninitialized-memory read in the Linux kernel's HFS+ filesystem driver (__hfsplus_ext_cache_extent) allows a local actor who can write to a mounted HFS+ volume to trigger use of uninitialized heap data, leading to information disclosure or a kernel crash. The flaw, found by syzbot via KMSAN on kernel 6.12-rc5, is fixed across multiple stable trees; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS exploitation probability is very low (0.04%, 11th percentile). Distributions including Ubuntu (USN-8029/8030/8033/8034) and Debian (DLA-4404-1) have shipped patches.
Uninitialized-memory (KMSAN uninit-value) defect in the Linux kernel HFS filesystem driver allows a local attacker who can mount or operate on a crafted HFS volume to corrupt on-disk allocation state and destabilize the filesystem. The bitmap buffer in hfs_mdb_get() was allocated with kmalloc() (leaving residual heap garbage) and later consumed by hfs_find_set_zero_bits() during block allocation, so non-zero uninitialized bits can drive incorrect bitmap decisions leading to volume corruption and driver misbehavior. Discovered by syzbot fuzzing; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS risk is very low (0.04%).
Kernel memory corruption in the Linux kernel's GFS2 clustered filesystem stems from a use-after-free race in gdlm_put_lock(), where a small window exists after the DFL_UNMOUNT flag is set but before the DLM lockspace is released. During that window the DLM callbacks gdlm_ast() and gdlm_bast() can still fire and dereference already-freed glock objects, potentially crashing the kernel or corrupting memory on systems using GFS2. The issue carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.0 (AV:L/AC:H/PR:L), has an EPSS of only 0.03%, is not in CISA KEV, and has no public exploit identified at time of analysis; it is patched upstream and shipped by Ubuntu and Debian.
Denial of service in the Linux kernel EROFS filesystem driver (versions 6.15 through the 6.17.x series before 6.17.6) lets a local user crash the system by mounting or reading a specially crafted read-only filesystem image. The flaw lives in the 'encoded extents' feature added in Linux 6.15, where malformed physical-length (plen) values and out-of-48-bit physical block addresses trigger an out-of-bounds access in z_erofs_submit_queue(). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS probability is very low (0.03%), but vendor patches are available and the issue is tracked by Ubuntu (medium priority) and Debian.
Denial of service in the Linux kernel SCTP subsystem allows remote attackers to crash affected systems via a NULL pointer dereference triggered when an SCTP chunk arrives without a data buffer. The flaw stems from dereferencing chunk->skb inside a code path that assumes it is NULL, and is fixed across multiple stable trees (5.4.301, 5.10.246, 5.15.196, 6.1.158, 6.6.115, 6.12.56, 6.17.6, 6.18). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS probability is very low (0.04%, 11th percentile), indicating minimal real-world exploitation likelihood despite the network-reachable vector.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: phy: micrel: always set shared->phydev for LAN8814 Currently, during the LAN8814 PTP probe shared->phydev is only set if PTP clock gets actually set, otherwise the function will return before setting it. This is an issue as shared->phydev is unconditionally being used when IRQ is being handled, especially in lan8814_gpio_process_cap and since it was not set it will cause a NULL pointer exception and crash the kernel. So, simply always set shared->phydev to avoid the NULL pointer exception.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/mlx5: Fix IPsec cleanup over MPV device When we do mlx5e_detach_netdev() we eventually disable blocking events notifier, among those events are IPsec MPV events from IB to core. So before disabling those blocking events, make sure to also unregister the devcom device and mark all this device operations as complete, in order to prevent the other device from using invalid netdev during future devcom events which could cause the trace below. BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000010 PGD 146427067 P4D 146427067 PUD 146488067 PMD 0 Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 7735 Comm: devlink Tainted: GW 6.12.0-rc6_for_upstream_min_debug_2024_11_08_00_46 #1 Tainted: [W]=WARN Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS rel-1.13.0-0-gf21b5a4aeb02-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:mlx5_devcom_comp_set_ready+0x5/0x40 [mlx5_core] Code: 00 01 48 83 05 23 32 1e 00 01 41 b8 ed ff ff ff e9 60 ff ff ff 48 83 05 00 32 1e 00 01 eb e3 66 0f 1f 44 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 <48> 8b 47 10 48 83 05 5f 32 1e 00 01 48 8b 50 40 48 85 d2 74 05 40 RSP: 0018:ffff88811a5c35f8 EFLAGS: 00010206 RAX: ffff888106e8ab80 RBX: ffff888107d7e200 RCX: ffff88810d6f0a00 RDX: ffff88810d6f0a00 RSI: 0000000000000001 RDI: 0000000000000000 RBP: ffff88811a17e620 R08: 0000000000000040 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: ffff88811a5c3618 R11: 0000000de85d51bd R12: ffff88811a17e600 R13: ffff88810d6f0a00 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: ffff8881034bda80 FS: 00007f27bdf89180(0000) GS:ffff88852c880000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 0000000000000010 CR3: 000000010f159005 CR4: 0000000000372eb0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Call Trace: <TASK> ? __die+0x20/0x60 ? page_fault_oops+0x150/0x3e0 ? exc_page_fault+0x74/0x130 ? asm_exc_page_fault+0x22/0x30 ? mlx5_devcom_comp_set_ready+0x5/0x40 [mlx5_core] mlx5e_devcom_event_mpv+0x42/0x60 [mlx5_core] mlx5_devcom_send_event+0x8c/0x170 [mlx5_core] blocking_event+0x17b/0x230 [mlx5_core] notifier_call_chain+0x35/0xa0 blocking_notifier_call_chain+0x3d/0x60 mlx5_blocking_notifier_call_chain+0x22/0x30 [mlx5_core] mlx5_core_mp_event_replay+0x12/0x20 [mlx5_core] mlx5_ib_bind_slave_port+0x228/0x2c0 [mlx5_ib] mlx5_ib_stage_init_init+0x664/0x9d0 [mlx5_ib] ? idr_alloc_cyclic+0x50/0xb0 ? __kmalloc_cache_noprof+0x167/0x340 ? __kmalloc_noprof+0x1a7/0x430 __mlx5_ib_add+0x34/0xd0 [mlx5_ib] mlx5r_probe+0xe9/0x310 [mlx5_ib] ? kernfs_add_one+0x107/0x150 ? __mlx5_ib_add+0xd0/0xd0 [mlx5_ib] auxiliary_bus_probe+0x3e/0x90 really_probe+0xc5/0x3a0 ? driver_probe_device+0x90/0x90 __driver_probe_device+0x80/0x160 driver_probe_device+0x1e/0x90 __device_attach_driver+0x7d/0x100 bus_for_each_drv+0x80/0xd0 __device_attach+0xbc/0x1f0 bus_probe_device+0x86/0xa0 device_add+0x62d/0x830 __auxiliary_device_add+0x3b/0xa0 ? auxiliary_device_init+0x41/0x90 add_adev+0xd1/0x150 [mlx5_core] mlx5_rescan_drivers_locked+0x21c/0x300 [mlx5_core] esw_mode_change+0x6c/0xc0 [mlx5_core] mlx5_devlink_eswitch_mode_set+0x21e/0x640 [mlx5_core] devlink_nl_eswitch_set_doit+0x60/0xe0 genl_family_rcv_msg_doit+0xd0/0x120 genl_rcv_msg+0x180/0x2b0 ? devlink_get_from_attrs_lock+0x170/0x170 ? devlink_nl_eswitch_get_doit+0x290/0x290 ? devlink_nl_pre_doit_port_optional+0x50/0x50 ? genl_family_rcv_msg_dumpit+0xf0/0xf0 netlink_rcv_skb+0x54/0x100 genl_rcv+0x24/0x40 netlink_unicast+0x1fc/0x2d0 netlink_sendmsg+0x1e4/0x410 __sock_sendmsg+0x38/0x60 ? sockfd_lookup_light+0x12/0x60 __sys_sendto+0x105/0x160 ? __sys_recvmsg+0x4e/0x90 __x64_sys_sendto+0x20/0x30 do_syscall_64+0x4c/0x100 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53 RIP: 0033:0x7f27bc91b13a Code: bb 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 8b 05 fa 96 2c 00 45 89 c9 4c 63 d1 48 63 ff 85 c0 75 15 b8 2c 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff ---truncated---
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fs/notify: call exportfs_encode_fid with s_umount Calling intotify_show_fdinfo() on fd watching an overlayfs inode, while the overlayfs is being unmounted, can lead to dereferencing NULL ptr. This issue was found by syzkaller. Race Condition Diagram: Thread 1 Thread 2 -------- -------- generic_shutdown_super() shrink_dcache_for_umount sb->s_root = NULL | | vfs_read() | inotify_fdinfo() | * inode get from mark * | show_mark_fhandle(m, inode) | exportfs_encode_fid(inode, ..) | ovl_encode_fh(inode, ..) | ovl_check_encode_origin(inode) | * deref i_sb->s_root * | | v fsnotify_sb_delete(sb) Which then leads to: [ 32.133461] Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xdffffc0000000006: 0000 [#1] SMP DEBUG_PAGEALLOC KASAN NOPTI [ 32.134438] KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000030-0x0000000000000037] [ 32.135032] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 4468 Comm: systemd-coredum Not tainted 6.17.0-rc6 #22 PREEMPT(none) <snip registers, unreliable trace> [ 32.143353] Call Trace: [ 32.143732] ovl_encode_fh+0xd5/0x170 [ 32.144031] exportfs_encode_inode_fh+0x12f/0x300 [ 32.144425] show_mark_fhandle+0xbe/0x1f0 [ 32.145805] inotify_fdinfo+0x226/0x2d0 [ 32.146442] inotify_show_fdinfo+0x1c5/0x350 [ 32.147168] seq_show+0x530/0x6f0 [ 32.147449] seq_read_iter+0x503/0x12a0 [ 32.148419] seq_read+0x31f/0x410 [ 32.150714] vfs_read+0x1f0/0x9e0 [ 32.152297] ksys_read+0x125/0x240 IOW ovl_check_encode_origin derefs inode->i_sb->s_root, after it was set to NULL in the unmount path. Fix it by protecting calling exportfs_encode_fid() from show_mark_fhandle() with s_umount lock. This form of fix was suggested by Amir in [1]. [1]: https://lore.kernel.org/all/CAOQ4uxhbDwhb+2Brs1UdkoF0a3NSdBAOQPNfEHjahrgoKJpLEw@mail.gmail.com/
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: virtio-net: zero unused hash fields When GSO tunnel is negotiated virtio_net_hdr_tnl_from_skb() tries to initialize the tunnel metadata but forget to zero unused rxhash fields. This may leak information to another side. Fixing this by zeroing the unused hash fields.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: directly free partially initialized fs_info in btrfs_check_leaked_roots() If fs_info->super_copy or fs_info->super_for_commit allocated failed in btrfs_get_tree_subvol(), then no need to call btrfs_free_fs_info(). Otherwise btrfs_check_leaked_roots() would access NULL pointer because fs_info->allocated_roots had not been initialised. syzkaller reported the following information: ------------[ cut here ]------------ BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: fffffffffffffbb0 #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page PGD 64c9067 P4D 64c9067 PUD 64cb067 PMD 0 Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN PTI CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 1402 Comm: syz.1.35 Not tainted 6.15.8 #4 PREEMPT(lazy) Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), (...) RIP: 0010:arch_atomic_read arch/x86/include/asm/atomic.h:23 [inline] RIP: 0010:raw_atomic_read include/linux/atomic/atomic-arch-fallback.h:457 [inline] RIP: 0010:atomic_read include/linux/atomic/atomic-instrumented.h:33 [inline] RIP: 0010:refcount_read include/linux/refcount.h:170 [inline] RIP: 0010:btrfs_check_leaked_roots+0x18f/0x2c0 fs/btrfs/disk-io.c:1230 [...] Call Trace: <TASK> btrfs_free_fs_info+0x310/0x410 fs/btrfs/disk-io.c:1280 btrfs_get_tree_subvol+0x592/0x6b0 fs/btrfs/super.c:2029 btrfs_get_tree+0x63/0x80 fs/btrfs/super.c:2097 vfs_get_tree+0x98/0x320 fs/super.c:1759 do_new_mount+0x357/0x660 fs/namespace.c:3899 path_mount+0x716/0x19c0 fs/namespace.c:4226 do_mount fs/namespace.c:4239 [inline] __do_sys_mount fs/namespace.c:4450 [inline] __se_sys_mount fs/namespace.c:4427 [inline] __x64_sys_mount+0x28c/0x310 fs/namespace.c:4427 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x92/0x180 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e RIP: 0033:0x7f032eaffa8d [...]
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: platform/x86: alienware-wmi-wmax: Fix NULL pointer dereference in sleep handlers Devices without the AWCC interface don't initialize `awcc`. Add a check before dereferencing it in sleep handlers.
Stale extent-map cache handling in the Linux kernel's OCFS2 clustered filesystem lets a local, low-privileged user with access to an OCFS2 mount crash the kernel and read or corrupt on-disk extent data. After a reflinked (OCFS2_EXT_REFCOUNTED) extent is moved or defragmented, the in-memory extent cache retains stale flags while the disk holds updated ones; a subsequent write hits a BUG_ON in ocfs2_refcount_cal_cow_clusters(), producing a panic (denial of service) and potential data/integrity impact. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS is very low (0.05%, 16th percentile), consistent with a niche, non-KEV local kernel bug rather than a mass-exploited flaw.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rv: Fully convert enabled_monitors to use list_head as iterator The callbacks in enabled_monitors_seq_ops are inconsistent. Some treat the iterator as struct rv_monitor *, while others treat the iterator as struct list_head *. This causes a wrong type cast and crashes the system as reported by Nathan. Convert everything to use struct list_head * as iterator. This also makes enabled_monitors consistent with available_monitors.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vsock: fix lock inversion in vsock_assign_transport() Syzbot reported a potential lock inversion deadlock between vsock_register_mutex and sk_lock-AF_VSOCK when vsock_linger() is called. The issue was introduced by commit 687aa0c5581b ("vsock: Fix transport_* TOCTOU") which added vsock_register_mutex locking in vsock_assign_transport() around the transport->release() call, that can call vsock_linger(). vsock_assign_transport() can be called with sk_lock held. vsock_linger() calls sk_wait_event() that temporarily releases and re-acquires sk_lock. During this window, if another thread hold vsock_register_mutex while trying to acquire sk_lock, a circular dependency is created. Fix this by releasing vsock_register_mutex before calling transport->release() and vsock_deassign_transport(). This is safe because we don't need to hold vsock_register_mutex while releasing the old transport, and we ensure the new transport won't disappear by obtaining a module reference first via try_module_get().
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm: prevent poison consumption when splitting THP When performing memory error injection on a THP (Transparent Huge Page) mapped to userspace on an x86 server, the kernel panics with the following trace. The expected behavior is to terminate the affected process instead of panicking the kernel, as the x86 Machine Check code can recover from an in-userspace #MC. mce: [Hardware Error]: CPU 0: Machine Check Exception: f Bank 3: bd80000000070134 mce: [Hardware Error]: RIP 10:<ffffffff8372f8bc> {memchr_inv+0x4c/0xf0} mce: [Hardware Error]: TSC afff7bbff88a ADDR 1d301b000 MISC 80 PPIN 1e741e77539027db mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:d06d0 TIME 1758093249 SOCKET 0 APIC 0 microcode 80000320 mce: [Hardware Error]: Run the above through 'mcelog --ascii' mce: [Hardware Error]: Machine check: Data load in unrecoverable area of kernel Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal local machine check The root cause of this panic is that handling a memory failure triggered by an in-userspace #MC necessitates splitting the THP. The splitting process employs a mechanism, implemented in try_to_map_unused_to_zeropage(), which reads the pages in the THP to identify zero-filled pages. However, reading the pages in the THP results in a second in-kernel #MC, occurring before the initial memory_failure() completes, ultimately leading to a kernel panic. See the kernel panic call trace on the two #MCs. First Machine Check occurs // [1] memory_failure() // [2] try_to_split_thp_page() split_huge_page() split_huge_page_to_list_to_order() __folio_split() // [3] remap_page() remove_migration_ptes() remove_migration_pte() try_to_map_unused_to_zeropage() // [4] memchr_inv() // [5] Second Machine Check occurs // [6] Kernel panic [1] Triggered by accessing a hardware-poisoned THP in userspace, which is typically recoverable by terminating the affected process. [2] Call folio_set_has_hwpoisoned() before try_to_split_thp_page(). [3] Pass the RMP_USE_SHARED_ZEROPAGE remap flag to remap_page(). [4] Try to map the unused THP to zeropage. [5] Re-access pages in the hw-poisoned THP in the kernel. [6] Triggered in-kernel, leading to a panic kernel. In Step[2], memory_failure() sets the poisoned flag on the page in the THP by TestSetPageHWPoison() before calling try_to_split_thp_page(). As suggested by David Hildenbrand, fix this panic by not accessing to the poisoned page in the THP during zeropage identification, while continuing to scan unaffected pages in the THP for possible zeropage mapping. This prevents a second in-kernel #MC that would cause kernel panic in Step[4]. Thanks to Andrew Zaborowski for his initial work on fixing this issue.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/damon/core: fix potential memory leak by cleaning ops_filter in damon_destroy_scheme Currently, damon_destroy_scheme() only cleans up the filter list but leaves ops_filter untouched, which could lead to memory leaks when a scheme is destroyed. This patch ensures both filter and ops_filter are properly freed in damon_destroy_scheme(), preventing potential memory leaks.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/damon/sysfs: catch commit test ctx alloc failure Patch series "mm/damon/sysfs: fix commit test damon_ctx [de]allocation". DAMON sysfs interface dynamically allocates and uses a damon_ctx object for testing if given inputs for online DAMON parameters update is valid. The object is being used without an allocation failure check, and leaked when the test succeeds. Fix the two bugs. This patch (of 2): The damon_ctx for testing online DAMON parameters commit inputs is used without its allocation failure check. This could result in an invalid memory access. Fix it by directly returning an error when the allocation failed.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/damon/sysfs: dealloc commit test ctx always The damon_ctx for testing online DAMON parameters commit inputs is deallocated only when the test fails. This means memory is leaked for every successful online DAMON parameters commit. Fix the leak by always deallocating it.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: firmware: arm_scmi: Account for failed debug initialization When the SCMI debug subsystem fails to initialize, the related debug root will be missing, and the underlying descriptor will be NULL. Handle this fault condition in the SCMI debug helpers that maintain metrics counters.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/panthor: Fix kernel panic on partial unmap of a GPU VA region This commit address a kernel panic issue that can happen if Userspace tries to partially unmap a GPU virtual region (aka drm_gpuva). The VM_BIND interface allows partial unmapping of a BO. Panthor driver pre-allocates memory for the new drm_gpuva structures that would be needed for the map/unmap operation, done using drm_gpuvm layer. It expected that only one new drm_gpuva would be needed on umap but a partial unmap can require 2 new drm_gpuva and that's why it ended up doing a NULL pointer dereference causing a kernel panic. Following dump was seen when partial unmap was exercised. Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 0000000000000078 Mem abort info: ESR = 0x0000000096000046 EC = 0x25: DABT (current EL), IL = 32 bits SET = 0, FnV = 0 EA = 0, S1PTW = 0 FSC = 0x06: level 2 translation fault Data abort info: ISV = 0, ISS = 0x00000046, ISS2 = 0x00000000 CM = 0, WnR = 1, TnD = 0, TagAccess = 0 GCS = 0, Overlay = 0, DirtyBit = 0, Xs = 0 user pgtable: 4k pages, 48-bit VAs, pgdp=000000088a863000 [000000000000078] pgd=080000088a842003, p4d=080000088a842003, pud=0800000884bf5003, pmd=0000000000000000 Internal error: Oops: 0000000096000046 [#1] PREEMPT SMP <snip> pstate: 60000005 (nZCv daif -PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) pc : panthor_gpuva_sm_step_remap+0xe4/0x330 [panthor] lr : panthor_gpuva_sm_step_remap+0x6c/0x330 [panthor] sp : ffff800085d43970 x29: ffff800085d43970 x28: ffff00080363e440 x27: ffff0008090c6000 x26: 0000000000000030 x25: ffff800085d439f8 x24: ffff00080d402000 x23: ffff800085d43b60 x22: ffff800085d439e0 x21: ffff00080abdb180 x20: 0000000000000000 x19: 0000000000000000 x18: 0000000000000010 x17: 6e656c202c303030 x16: 3666666666646466 x15: 393d61766f69202c x14: 312d3d7361203a70 x13: 303030323d6e656c x12: ffff80008324bf58 x11: 0000000000000003 x10: 0000000000000002 x9 : ffff8000801a6a9c x8 : ffff00080360b300 x7 : 0000000000000000 x6 : 000000088aa35fc7 x5 : fff1000080000000 x4 : ffff8000842ddd30 x3 : 0000000000000001 x2 : 0000000100000000 x1 : 0000000000000001 x0 : 0000000000000078 Call trace: panthor_gpuva_sm_step_remap+0xe4/0x330 [panthor] op_remap_cb.isra.22+0x50/0x80 __drm_gpuvm_sm_unmap+0x10c/0x1c8 drm_gpuvm_sm_unmap+0x40/0x60 panthor_vm_exec_op+0xb4/0x3d0 [panthor] panthor_vm_bind_exec_sync_op+0x154/0x278 [panthor] panthor_ioctl_vm_bind+0x160/0x4a0 [panthor] drm_ioctl_kernel+0xbc/0x138 drm_ioctl+0x240/0x500 __arm64_sys_ioctl+0xb0/0xf8 invoke_syscall+0x4c/0x110 el0_svc_common.constprop.1+0x98/0xf8 do_el0_svc+0x24/0x38 el0_svc+0x40/0xf8 el0t_64_sync_handler+0xa0/0xc8 el0t_64_sync+0x174/0x178
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: hwmon: (cgbc-hwmon) Add missing NULL check after devm_kzalloc() The driver allocates memory for sensor data using devm_kzalloc(), but did not check if the allocation succeeded. In case of memory allocation failure, dereferencing the NULL pointer would lead to a kernel crash. Add a NULL pointer check and return -ENOMEM to handle allocation failure properly.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: most: usb: Fix use-after-free in hdm_disconnect hdm_disconnect() calls most_deregister_interface(), which eventually unregisters the MOST interface device with device_unregister(iface->dev). If that drops the last reference, the device core may call release_mdev() immediately while hdm_disconnect() is still executing. The old code also freed several mdev-owned allocations in hdm_disconnect() and then performed additional put_device() calls. Depending on refcount order, this could lead to use-after-free or double-free when release_mdev() ran (or when unregister paths also performed puts). Fix by moving the frees of mdev-owned allocations into release_mdev(), so they happen exactly once when the device is truly released, and by dropping the extra put_device() calls in hdm_disconnect() that are redundant after device_unregister() and most_deregister_interface(). This addresses the KASAN slab-use-after-free reported by syzbot in hdm_disconnect(). See report and stack traces in the bug link below.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tty: serial: sh-sci: fix RSCI FIFO overrun handling The receive error handling code is shared between RSCI and all other SCIF port types, but the RSCI overrun_reg is specified as a memory offset, while for other SCIF types it is an enum value used to index into the sci_port_params->regs array, as mentioned above the sci_serial_in() function. For RSCI, the overrun_reg is CSR (0x48), causing the sci_getreg() call inside the sci_handle_fifo_overrun() function to index outside the bounds of the regs array, which currently has a size of 20, as specified by SCI_NR_REGS. Because of this, we end up accessing memory outside of RSCI's rsci_port_params structure, which, when interpreted as a plat_sci_reg, happens to have a non-zero size, causing the following WARN when sci_serial_in() is called, as the accidental size does not match the supported register sizes. The existence of the overrun_reg needs to be checked because SCIx_SH3_SCIF_REGTYPE has overrun_reg set to SCLSR, but SCLSR is not present in the regs array. Avoid calling sci_getreg() for port types which don't use standard register handling. Use the ops->read_reg() and ops->write_reg() functions to properly read and write registers for RSCI, and change the type of the status variable to accommodate the 32-bit CSR register. sci_getreg() and sci_serial_in() are also called with overrun_reg in the sci_mpxed_interrupt() interrupt handler, but that code path is not used for RSCI, as it does not have a muxed interrupt. ------------[ cut here ]------------ Invalid register access WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 0 at drivers/tty/serial/sh-sci.c:522 sci_serial_in+0x38/0xac Modules linked in: renesas_usbhs at24 rzt2h_adc industrialio_adc sha256 cfg80211 bluetooth ecdh_generic ecc rfkill fuse drm backlight ipv6 CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 6.17.0-rc1+ #30 PREEMPT Hardware name: Renesas RZ/T2H EVK Board based on r9a09g077m44 (DT) pstate: 604000c5 (nZCv daIF +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) pc : sci_serial_in+0x38/0xac lr : sci_serial_in+0x38/0xac sp : ffff800080003e80 x29: ffff800080003e80 x28: ffff800082195b80 x27: 000000000000000d x26: ffff8000821956d0 x25: 0000000000000000 x24: ffff800082195b80 x23: ffff000180e0d800 x22: 0000000000000010 x21: 0000000000000000 x20: 0000000000000010 x19: ffff000180e72000 x18: 000000000000000a x17: ffff8002bcee7000 x16: ffff800080000000 x15: 0720072007200720 x14: 0720072007200720 x13: 0720072007200720 x12: 0720072007200720 x11: 0000000000000058 x10: 0000000000000018 x9 : ffff8000821a6a48 x8 : 0000000000057fa8 x7 : 0000000000000406 x6 : ffff8000821fea48 x5 : ffff00033ef88408 x4 : ffff8002bcee7000 x3 : ffff800082195b80 x2 : 0000000000000000 x1 : 0000000000000000 x0 : ffff800082195b80 Call trace: sci_serial_in+0x38/0xac (P) sci_handle_fifo_overrun.isra.0+0x70/0x134 sci_er_interrupt+0x50/0x39c __handle_irq_event_percpu+0x48/0x140 handle_irq_event+0x44/0xb0 handle_fasteoi_irq+0xf4/0x1a0 handle_irq_desc+0x34/0x58 generic_handle_domain_irq+0x1c/0x28 gic_handle_irq+0x4c/0x140 call_on_irq_stack+0x30/0x48 do_interrupt_handler+0x80/0x84 el1_interrupt+0x34/0x68 el1h_64_irq_handler+0x18/0x24 el1h_64_irq+0x6c/0x70 default_idle_call+0x28/0x58 (P) do_idle+0x1f8/0x250 cpu_startup_entry+0x34/0x3c rest_init+0xd8/0xe0 console_on_rootfs+0x0/0x6c __primary_switched+0x88/0x90 ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: pci: mg4b: fix uninitialized iio scan data Fix potential leak of uninitialized stack data to userspace by ensuring that the `scan` structure is zeroed before use.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fuse: fix livelock in synchronous file put from fuseblk workers I observed a hang when running generic/323 against a fuseblk server. This test opens a file, initiates a lot of AIO writes to that file descriptor, and closes the file descriptor before the writes complete. Unsurprisingly, the AIO exerciser threads are mostly stuck waiting for responses from the fuseblk server: # cat /proc/372265/task/372313/stack [<0>] request_wait_answer+0x1fe/0x2a0 [fuse] [<0>] __fuse_simple_request+0xd3/0x2b0 [fuse] [<0>] fuse_do_getattr+0xfc/0x1f0 [fuse] [<0>] fuse_file_read_iter+0xbe/0x1c0 [fuse] [<0>] aio_read+0x130/0x1e0 [<0>] io_submit_one+0x542/0x860 [<0>] __x64_sys_io_submit+0x98/0x1a0 [<0>] do_syscall_64+0x37/0xf0 [<0>] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53 But the /weird/ part is that the fuseblk server threads are waiting for responses from itself: # cat /proc/372210/task/372232/stack [<0>] request_wait_answer+0x1fe/0x2a0 [fuse] [<0>] __fuse_simple_request+0xd3/0x2b0 [fuse] [<0>] fuse_file_put+0x9a/0xd0 [fuse] [<0>] fuse_release+0x36/0x50 [fuse] [<0>] __fput+0xec/0x2b0 [<0>] task_work_run+0x55/0x90 [<0>] syscall_exit_to_user_mode+0xe9/0x100 [<0>] do_syscall_64+0x43/0xf0 [<0>] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53 The fuseblk server is fuse2fs so there's nothing all that exciting in the server itself. So why is the fuse server calling fuse_file_put? The commit message for the fstest sheds some light on that: "By closing the file descriptor before calling io_destroy, you pretty much guarantee that the last put on the ioctx will be done in interrupt context (during I/O completion). Aha. AIO fgets a new struct file from the fd when it queues the ioctx. The completion of the FUSE_WRITE command from userspace causes the fuse server to call the AIO completion function. The completion puts the struct file, queuing a delayed fput to the fuse server task. When the fuse server task returns to userspace, it has to run the delayed fput, which in the case of a fuseblk server, it does synchronously. Sending the FUSE_RELEASE command sychronously from fuse server threads is a bad idea because a client program can initiate enough simultaneous AIOs such that all the fuse server threads end up in delayed_fput, and now there aren't any threads left to handle the queued fuse commands. Fix this by only using asynchronous fputs when closing files, and leave a comment explaining why.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: PCI/IOV: Add PCI rescan-remove locking when enabling/disabling SR-IOV Before disabling SR-IOV via config space accesses to the parent PF, sriov_disable() first removes the PCI devices representing the VFs. Since commit 9d16947b7583 ("PCI: Add global pci_lock_rescan_remove()") such removal operations are serialized against concurrent remove and rescan using the pci_rescan_remove_lock. No such locking was ever added in sriov_disable() however. In particular when commit 18f9e9d150fc ("PCI/IOV: Factor out sriov_add_vfs()") factored out the PCI device removal into sriov_del_vfs() there was still no locking around the pci_iov_remove_virtfn() calls. On s390 the lack of serialization in sriov_disable() may cause double remove and list corruption with the below (amended) trace being observed: PSW: 0704c00180000000 0000000c914e4b38 (klist_put+56) GPRS: 000003800313fb48 0000000000000000 0000000100000001 0000000000000001 00000000f9b520a8 0000000000000000 0000000000002fbd 00000000f4cc9480 0000000000000001 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000180692828 00000000818e8000 000003800313fe2c 000003800313fb20 000003800313fad8 #0 [3800313fb20] device_del at c9158ad5c #1 [3800313fb88] pci_remove_bus_device at c915105ba #2 [3800313fbd0] pci_iov_remove_virtfn at c9152f198 #3 [3800313fc28] zpci_iov_remove_virtfn at c90fb67c0 #4 [3800313fc60] zpci_bus_remove_device at c90fb6104 #5 [3800313fca0] __zpci_event_availability at c90fb3dca #6 [3800313fd08] chsc_process_sei_nt0 at c918fe4a2 #7 [3800313fd60] crw_collect_info at c91905822 #8 [3800313fe10] kthread at c90feb390 #9 [3800313fe68] __ret_from_fork at c90f6aa64 #10 [3800313fe98] ret_from_fork at c9194f3f2. This is because in addition to sriov_disable() removing the VFs, the platform also generates hot-unplug events for the VFs. This being the reverse operation to the hotplug events generated by sriov_enable() and handled via pdev->no_vf_scan. And while the event processing takes pci_rescan_remove_lock and checks whether the struct pci_dev still exists, the lack of synchronization makes this checking racy. Other races may also be possible of course though given that this lack of locking persisted so long observable races seem very rare. Even on s390 the list corruption was only observed with certain devices since the platform events are only triggered by config accesses after the removal, so as long as the removal finished synchronously they would not race. Either way the locking is missing so fix this by adding it to the sriov_del_vfs() helper. Just like PCI rescan-remove, locking is also missing in sriov_add_vfs() including for the error case where pci_stop_and_remove_bus_device() is called without the PCI rescan-remove lock being held. Even in the non-error case, adding new PCI devices and buses should be serialized via the PCI rescan-remove lock. Add the necessary locking.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/damon/vaddr: do not repeat pte_offset_map_lock() until success DAMON's virtual address space operation set implementation (vaddr) calls pte_offset_map_lock() inside the page table walk callback function. This is for reading and writing page table accessed bits. If pte_offset_map_lock() fails, it retries by returning the page table walk callback function with ACTION_AGAIN. pte_offset_map_lock() can continuously fail if the target is a pmd migration entry, though. Hence it could cause an infinite page table walk if the migration cannot be done until the page table walk is finished. This indeed caused a soft lockup when CPU hotplugging and DAMON were running in parallel. Avoid the infinite loop by simply not retrying the page table walk. DAMON is promising only a best-effort accuracy, so missing access to such pages is no problem.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: pidfs: validate extensible ioctls Validate extensible ioctls stricter than we do now.
Local privilege-relevant memory corruption in the Linux kernel's io_uring resource (rsrc) subsystem stems from faulty offset arithmetic when computing the first page of a coalesced folio from an unaligned user virtual address, allowing a local low-privileged user submitting io_uring requests to trigger out-of-bounds access with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. Fixed upstream and backported to stable trees (6.12.36, 6.15.5, 6.16); no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS exploitation probability is very low (0.03%, 6th percentile). Not listed in CISA KEV.
Improper cleanup of IPComp fallback tunnel xfrm states in the Linux kernel's IPsec (xfrm) subsystem allows a local low-privileged attacker to trigger memory corruption (use-after-free) leading to full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The flaw arises because fallback tunnel states were only deleted when the last user state was destroyed rather than deleted, so lingering skb references (via IP reassembly queues or deferred skb freeing) leave stale states on xfrm hashtables/lists, tripping the WARN in xfrm_state_fini and leaving dangling structures. This is not in CISA KEV and no public exploit was identified at time of analysis; EPSS is very low at 0.05%, but the 7.8 CVSS and CIA-high impact make it a meaningful local privilege-escalation candidate.
Local privilege escalation / kernel memory corruption in the Linux kernel's AF_UNIX garbage collector arises because unix_add_edge() fails to initialise the new vertex's scc_index field. On kernels where GC has already run and grouped sockets into strongly-connected components, a freshly allocated in-flight socket inherits a stale SCC index (via heap spraying), causing unix_vertex_dead() to misjudge an alive in-flight socket as dead and garbage-collect its receive queue - a use-after-free. A detailed public reproducer exists (publicly available exploit code exists); it is not in CISA KEV and EPSS is very low (0.04%).
Local privilege-holders can crash the Linux kernel through the Bluetooth Management (MGMT) interface, where the set_mesh_sync handler performs a memcpy against an improperly declared on-stack flexible array, triggering a KASAN-detected stack-out-of-bounds access. A companion defect in set_mesh_complete() causes a double list_del (via mgmt_pending_valid followed by mgmt_pending_remove), corrupting kernel list state. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS is negligible (0.03%), and the flaw is not on CISA KEV; it is fixed in the mainline/stable Bluetooth mesh code.
Denial of service (and potential use-after-free) in the Linux kernel's NFS server (nfsd) allows a malicious NFSv2/NFSv3 client to trigger a refcount leak in nfsd_set_fh_dentry() by presenting a synthesized pseudo-root filehandle. Because nfsd stores the export in struct svc_fh even after dropping its reference via exp_put(), a later fh_put() drops an extra reference, leading to use-after-free and possible crash of the NFS server. EPSS is low (0.07%, 21st percentile) and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis; despite the input's 9.8 CVSS, the description limits real impact to DoS reachable only by a client that deliberately forges an invalid filehandle.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ACPI: video: Fix use-after-free in acpi_video_switch_brightness() The switch_brightness_work delayed work accesses.
Denial of service in the Linux kernel's NFSD server (NFSv4 subsystem) allows a remote attacker to exhaust memory by specifying an arbitrarily large operation count in an NFSv4 COMPOUND request header, forcing NFSD to attempt a multi-terabyte vmalloc allocation that fails and disrupts service. The flaw was introduced by commit 48aab1606fa8, which removed the historical cap on operations per COMPOUND; the fix restores a limit (raised to 200). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV; EPSS is very low at 0.03%.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: fix memory leak of qgroup_list in btrfs_add_qgroup_relation When btrfs_add_qgroup_relation() is called with invalid qgroup. No vendor patch available.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: iris: fix module removal if firmware download failed Fix remove if firmware failed to load: qcom-iris aa00000.video-codec:. No vendor patch available.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: v4l2-subdev: Fix alloc failure check in v4l2_subdev_call_state_try() v4l2_subdev_call_state_try() macro allocates a subdev.
Denial of service in the Linux kernel's netfilter nf_tables subsystem allows a local user with network-administration capability to crash the host by referencing an NFT_OBJECT_SYNPROXY stateful object from the OUTPUT hook, triggering unbounded recursion (synproxy sends a SYN-ACK that re-enters the OUTPUT chain, which re-invokes synproxy) until the kernel stack guard page is hit. The fix adds validate functions to the objref and objrefmap expressions so nftables rejects such rules with 'Operation not supported.' No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and EPSS is negligible (0.03%), but a vendor patch is available and Ubuntu has shipped fixes.
Out-of-bounds heap write in the Linux kernel's Btrfs filesystem allows local corruption of adjacent memory when btrfs_encode_fh() encodes a connectable file handle whose parent inode resides in a different subvolume/root. The function reserves only BTRFS_FID_SIZE_CONNECTABLE (32 bytes) but then writes BTRFS_FID_SIZE_CONNECTABLE_ROOT (40 bytes), producing an 8-byte overflow at fid->parent_root_objectid when the caller's buffer (*max_len) is undersized. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, EPSS is low (0.07%), and the upstream commit notes the condition is not easily triggerable, making this a defensive hardening fix rather than an urgent externally-exploited flaw.
Timing side-channel in the Linux kernel's SCTP subsystem allows remote attackers to defeat message-authentication (MAC) integrity by measuring non-constant-time byte-by-byte MAC comparisons, enabling forgery of authenticated SCTP data. The flaw affects the in-kernel SCTP implementation across multiple stable kernel series and was resolved by switching to a constant-time comparison helper. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the EPSS score is very low (0.07%), consistent with the high attack complexity of a practical network timing attack.
Local privilege-adjacent memory corruption in the Linux kernel's listmount() mount-enumeration syscall arises because the code invoked path_put() while still holding the namespace semaphore; if that call drops the final reference to a path, cleanup runs under the held lock and can trigger a use-after-free or deadlock. Any local user able to call listmount() is affected on vulnerable stable kernels, and while EPSS is very low (0.03%) with no public exploit identified at time of analysis, the NVD-assigned CVSS of 7.8 reflects full CIA impact from local exploitation. The fix relocates the reference drop to outside the lock across three stable-branch commits.
Local privilege-relevant memory corruption in the Linux kernel's IPMI (Intelligent Platform Management Interface) subsystem stems from flawed user-message limit accounting, including improper reference counting and a use-after-free when messages are allocated in the receive path. A local user with access to the IPMI device can trigger the flaw to crash the system or potentially corrupt kernel memory, and while tagged as Denial of Service, the CVSS:3.1 vector rates full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact (7.8). There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the very low EPSS score (0.03%, 10th percentile) reflects limited near-term mass-exploitation expectation.
Local memory corruption in the Linux kernel's resource-limit syscall (prlimit64) stems from unsafe locking in the sys_prlimit64()->do_prlimit() path, where task_lock(tsk->group_leader) can operate on an already-freed or concurrently-changed task_struct. When a low-privileged local user targets another process that exits, execs, or performs a multithreaded exec, the kernel may take the wrong lock or dereference freed memory, enabling a use-after-free race. No public exploit is identified at time of analysis and EPSS exploitation probability is very low (0.03%), but the CVSS 3.1 score of 7.8 reflects high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact via local access.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Squashfs: reject negative file sizes in squashfs_read_inode() Syskaller reports a "WARNING in ovl_copy_up_file" in overlayfs.
Denial of service in the Linux kernel networking stack (page_pool subsystem) can crash affected systems at boot, originally observed on 32-bit PA-RISC hardware. The PP_MAGIC_MASK introduced for page_pool page tagging was defined too wide, causing page_pool_page_is_pp() to mistake ordinary kernel pointers for page_pool-tagged pages (false positives) and panic the machine. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS exploitation probability is negligible (0.03%); this is a reliability/robustness regression rather than an attacker-driven flaw.
Out-of-bounds buffer over-read in the Linux kernel ext4 filesystem driver allows disclosure of adjacent kernel memory or a system crash when a maliciously crafted ext4 superblock is mounted. The flaw lives in parse_apply_sb_mount_options(), which trusted the s_mount_opts field to be NUL-terminated (a guarantee normally provided only by tune2fs); a non-terminated string causes the parser to read past the buffer. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS rates practical exploitation as very low (0.07%), consistent with a local-only, mount-triggered issue rather than a remote mass-exploitation candidate.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: mc: Clear minor number before put device The device minor should not be cleared after the device is released. No vendor patch available.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fs: quota: create dedicated workqueue for quota_release_work There is a kernel panic due to WARN_ONCE when panic_on_warn is set.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mount: handle NULL values in mnt_ns_release() When calling in listmount() mnt_ns_release() may be passed a NULL pointer. No vendor patch available.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: cpufreq: intel_pstate: Fix object lifecycle issue in update_qos_request() The cpufreq_cpu_put() call in update_qos_request() takes.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xtensa: simdisk: add input size check in proc_write_simdisk A malicious user could pass an arbitrarily bad value to.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Revert "ipmi: fix msg stack when IPMI is disconnected" This reverts commit c608966f3f9c2dca596967501d00753282b395fc.