Windows Server 2025
Monthly
Privilege escalation via heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Storage subsystem affects a wide range of Windows 11 and Windows Server 2022/2025 builds. An attacker already holding a standard (low-privileged) local user account can exploit the memory corruption flaw to gain full SYSTEM-level control - no user interaction or elevated starting privileges required beyond basic logon. Microsoft has released patches across all affected branches; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the low attack complexity (AC:L) makes this a credible post-access escalation primitive.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Accessibility Infrastructure (ATBroker.exe) affects a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases through a symlink-following flaw (CWE-59). An authenticated local attacker can manipulate file system links to redirect ATBroker.exe file access operations, enabling elevation from a standard user account to SYSTEM-level privileges across default Windows installations. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; however, Microsoft has released a patch and the breadth of affected builds makes timely remediation critical.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Application Information Services (appinfo) allows an authenticated local user to gain SYSTEM-level privileges through a use-after-free memory corruption flaw (CWE-416). Affected systems span Windows 11 versions 24H2, 25H2, and 26H1, plus Windows Server 2025 and its Server Core variant - all current, widely-deployed Microsoft platforms. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the low attack complexity (AC:L) and full CIA impact (C:H/I:H/A:H) make this a high-priority patch for any environment where untrusted or low-privileged users have local access.
Privilege escalation in Windows Remote Desktop Services (RDS) exploits a missing authentication check for a critical internal function, allowing a locally authenticated attacker to gain SYSTEM-level or equivalent elevated privileges. Affected platforms span Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2019 through 2025, covering a broad swath of modern Microsoft deployments. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the vendor-confirmed patch availability and low attack complexity make rapid patching urgent.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Sensor Data Service enables a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to fully compromise a target Windows system by escalating to SYSTEM-level privileges. Affecting Windows 10 (21H2, 22H2), Windows 11 (23H2 through 26H1), Windows Server 2022, and Windows Server 2025 across dozens of specific build ranges, exploitation requires no user interaction and low complexity once local access is established. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but SSVC classifies technical impact as total; Microsoft has released patches across all affected product lines.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Telephony Service (TAPISRV) enables a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to escalate privileges to SYSTEM on a broad range of Windows client and server releases spanning Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. The vulnerability carries a CVSS 7.8 score with low attack complexity, meaning exploitation is straightforward once local access is established, making it an effective second-stage tool in a broader attack chain. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches addressing all affected build lines.
Remote code execution via race condition in the Windows Remote Desktop Client enables unauthenticated network attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected systems across a broad sweep of Windows versions - from the aging Windows Server 2012 through the current Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. The flaw (CWE-362) arises from improper synchronization of shared resources during concurrent execution within the RDP client stack, allowing an adversary who can win a precise timing window to achieve full code execution. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none, though the CVSS base score of 8.1 and total technical impact classification make this a meaningful patching priority.
Buffer over-read in the Windows NTFS kernel driver enables a physically present attacker to disclose sensitive memory contents without authentication across a broad range of Windows client and server versions from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. The attack vector is strictly physical (confirmed by CVSS AV:P), confining the threat to scenarios where an adversary has direct hands-on access to the target hardware. No public exploit code has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog; Microsoft has released patches via the MSRC update guide.
Privilege escalation in the Windows Work Folder Service allows an authenticated local attacker to gain SYSTEM-level privileges via a use-after-free memory corruption flaw rooted in a race condition (CWE-362). The vulnerability affects a wide range of Windows client and server releases from Windows Server 2012 R2 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and SSVC assessment confirms no observed exploitation; however, technical impact is rated 'total,' indicating full system compromise is achievable if exploited.
Privilege escalation in the Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (afd.sys) allows an authenticated local attacker with low privileges to elevate to SYSTEM-level access by exploiting a use-after-free memory corruption condition in the kernel-mode driver. The flaw spans a wide swath of Microsoft's supported and legacy Windows ecosystem, from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025, making the patching surface unusually broad. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been confirmed at time of analysis; however, the combination of kernel-level impact, full C/I/A compromise upon success, and low privilege prerequisite makes this a meaningful post-compromise escalation risk.
Information disclosure in the Windows Event Logging Service exposes high-confidentiality data to any locally authenticated attacker via a CWE-126 buffer over-read, with no code execution possible. The vulnerability spans an exceptionally broad surface: every supported Windows client and server release from Windows Server 2012 and Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025 is affected. Microsoft has released patched builds via its monthly update cycle; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, keeping real-world urgency moderate despite the wide footprint.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Graphics Kernel exposes a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server editions to a use-after-free memory corruption flaw (CWE-416). An attacker holding a low-privileged local account who can satisfy a race condition in the kernel graphics subsystem can gain SYSTEM-level control of the affected host. Microsoft has released patches across all identified product lines; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis.
Remote Registry Service denial of service in Microsoft Windows allows network-authenticated attackers to crash the service via a crafted RPC request triggering a null pointer dereference. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) confirms that any domain or local account with network access to the service is sufficient for exploitation - no elevated privileges required. No public exploit code has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV at time of analysis.
Null pointer dereference in the Windows Remote Registry Service enables an authenticated network attacker to crash the service, resulting in denial of availability for remote registry operations across a broad range of Microsoft platforms. Affected builds span Windows 10/11 consumer releases and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025, representing the near-entirety of Microsoft's currently supported Windows footprint. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and CISA's SSVC framework rates exploitation as 'none' with partial technical impact, positioning this as a standard patch-cycle priority rather than an out-of-band emergency.
Windows Event Logging Service on multiple Windows desktop and server versions exposes uninitialized memory contents to locally authenticated attackers via CWE-908, enabling information disclosure without elevated privileges or user interaction. The CVSS vector (AV:L/PR:L/C:H) confirms that an authorized local user can trigger the flaw to read stale memory that may contain sensitive data from other processes or OS operations. No public exploit exists and CISA SSVC rates current exploitation as none, but the breadth of affected Windows versions - spanning Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 - makes patch prioritization worthwhile for any environment with untrusted local users.
Uninitialized resource use in Microsoft COM for Windows enables a locally authenticated attacker to read sensitive memory contents, constituting a high-confidence information disclosure. Affected systems span virtually the entire supported Windows ecosystem, from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. No public exploit exists at time of analysis and SSVC assessment rates exploitation as none, though the breadth of affected platforms elevates patching urgency.
Information disclosure in the Microsoft Windows Search Component allows a locally authenticated low-privileged attacker to bypass weak authentication controls and access sensitive indexed content outside their authorized scope. Affected systems span Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 across all current supported versions, representing an exceptionally broad exposure surface. No public exploit code has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV, though the ubiquitous deployment footprint of Windows makes timely patching a priority for all organizations.
Remote code execution in the Windows Remote Desktop Client exposes client machines across Windows 10, 11, and multiple Windows Server generations when connecting to an attacker-controlled RDP server. The heap-based buffer overflow (CVSS 8.1, AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N) allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to gain full control over a vulnerable client machine, though the AC:H rating reflects non-trivial exploitation preconditions. Microsoft has released patches across all affected product lines; no active exploitation is confirmed per SSVC and the absence of a CISA KEV listing, with EPSS at 0.64% (47th percentile) indicating low near-term exploitation probability.
Null pointer dereference in the Windows TCP/IP kernel driver exposes virtually every supported Windows Server and desktop release to remote denial-of-service attacks without any authentication or user interaction. The flaw, rooted in CWE-476, causes a kernel panic (Blue Screen of Death) when a specially crafted network packet triggers a NULL pointer dereference in tcpip.sys, crashing the affected host. Nineteen distinct product/version combinations from Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 11 25H2 are confirmed affected; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released corrective patches.
Information disclosure in AMD Zen processor microarchitecture, surfaced through Windows system software, enables a local low-privileged attacker to read high-sensitivity data across security boundaries. The CVSS Scope Changed metric (S:C) combined with C:H and the AMD Zen tag strongly suggests a microarchitectural side-channel capable of leaking data from outside the attacker's security context - a pattern consistent with speculative execution or cache-based cross-boundary leakage. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA SSVC rates exploitation status as none; however, the breadth of affected Windows versions (Server 2012 R2 through Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 across all supported channels) gives this a wide potential exposure surface on AMD Zen-equipped systems.
Information disclosure in AMD Zen processors on Windows allows a locally authenticated low-privileged attacker to read sensitive memory contents across security boundaries via a high-complexity microarchitectural technique. Affecting Windows versions from Windows 10 1607 to Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2012 R2 through Server 2025, this vulnerability was reported by Microsoft's security team (secure@microsoft.com) and carries a CVSS 5.6 medium score with Scope:Changed (S:C) indicating the attacker can cross a privilege boundary to reach data outside their own security context. No public exploit code exists and the vulnerability is absent from the CISA KEV catalog, though vendor-released patches are confirmed available via MSRC.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows Encrypting File System (EFS) driver exposes sensitive memory contents to any locally authenticated attacker holding standard user privileges. Affected systems span the entire modern Windows ecosystem - from Windows 10 1607 and Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025 - making the patch surface extremely broad. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, though the combination of a low-complexity local attack and high confidentiality impact warrants prompt patching on systems where EFS is actively used.
Privilege escalation in Windows Installer exposes virtually every supported Windows release to local elevation-of-privilege via an integer overflow (CWE-190) in the msiexec/installer subsystem. Any low-privileged local user can trigger the flaw to gain SYSTEM-level control, with full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact confirmed by the CVSS:3.1 AV:L/PR:L/C:H/I:H/A:H vector. Microsoft has released patches across all affected product lines; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at the time of this analysis.
Privilege escalation in the Windows Event Logging Service affects Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2022/2025 across a wide range of builds via an improperly synchronized race condition on a shared resource. An authorized local attacker with low-level credentials can win a concurrent execution timing window to gain full SYSTEM-level privileges, achieving complete confidentiality, integrity, and availability compromise on the affected host. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the breadth of affected Windows versions across both client and server editions makes patching a high-priority operational item.
Privilege escalation in the Windows Virtual Hard Disk (VHD) Miniport Driver affects Windows 10, 11, and Server 2016 through 2025, enabling a low-privileged local attacker to achieve full kernel-level control via a use-after-free memory corruption in a kernel-mode driver. The CVSS AC:H rating indicates the exploit path likely requires precise timing - consistent with a race condition in driver memory management - which reduces but does not eliminate real-world risk. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis; a vendor patch from Microsoft is available.
Privilege escalation in Windows Telephony Service via an improper synchronization race condition (CWE-362) allows a locally authenticated, low-privilege attacker to gain full control over an affected system, achieving high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. The flaw spans an exceptionally broad range of Windows releases - from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 25H2 and Windows Server 2025 - and Microsoft has issued patched builds through the MSRC update guide. No active exploitation has been confirmed (not listed in CISA KEV), and no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Spoofing via origin validation failure in Windows Network Address Translation (NAT) exposes Windows Server 2025 and Windows 11 (versions 24H2 through 26H1) to network-layer address spoofing by unauthenticated attackers on an adjacent network. The flaw, rooted in CWE-346, allows crafted packets to bypass NAT's origin-trust enforcement, potentially enabling man-in-the-middle interception or manipulation of traffic transiting the NAT boundary. The CVSS scope change (S:C) reflects that the impact extends beyond the host running NAT to other systems whose traffic passes through it. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been confirmed at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation via untrusted search path (CWE-426) in Windows Narrator Braille affects multiple Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server builds, allowing a locally authenticated attacker to elevate from standard user to higher privileges. The CVSS 3.1 score of 7.8 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) reflects low attack complexity once local access is established, with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but a vendor-released patch is available and should be applied promptly.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Imaging Component (WIC), Microsoft's built-in image processing framework, enables local code execution across virtually every supported Windows client and server release from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 25H2 and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. The flaw is triggered when a user opens or previews a specially crafted image file, requiring no prior authentication or elevated privileges, and yields full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact on the compromised system. Vendor-released patches are available via Microsoft's July 2026 update cycle; no public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis.
Unauthenticated network-based denial of service in the Windows Kernel results from unconstrained resource allocation (CWE-770), where the kernel fails to impose limits or throttling on network-triggered resource consumption. Affecting Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server editions spanning 2012 through 2025, a remote attacker with no credentials or user interaction can exhaust system resources and render the host unavailable. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at the time of analysis, though the low-complexity, unauthenticated attack surface warrants prompt patching across all affected enterprise environments.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows LUAFV (Layered User Access Filter Volume) kernel driver enables a locally authenticated, low-privileged user to escalate to full SYSTEM-level privileges across a wide range of Windows desktop and server releases. Microsoft has released patches covering Windows 10 through Windows 11 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025, with exact fix builds published via MSRC and ENISA EUVD-2026-56287. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, though the AC:H constraint limits opportunistic exploitation rather than eliminating risk from determined actors who already hold a foothold.
Command injection in Windows Active Directory enables network-based remote code execution against a broad range of Windows client and server versions, from legacy Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. With a CVSS 8.8 and a vector of AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R, an unauthenticated remote attacker can execute arbitrary commands on affected systems when a local user performs a triggering action - such as processing a crafted request or interacting with attacker-controlled content that reaches the vulnerable AD component. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but Microsoft has released patches across all affected branches.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows RPC API exploits a missing authentication gate on a critical function (CWE-306), enabling any low-privileged authenticated local user to attain SYSTEM-level control across a sweeping range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server editions from 2012 through 2025. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) confirms low-complexity exploitation requiring only a standard user account with no user interaction. No public exploit code is identified at time of analysis, and CISA SSVC rates current exploitation status as none, though technical impact is rated total.
Spoofing via origin validation error in the Windows Network Address Translation (NAT) component affects Windows 11 (24H2, 25H2, 26H1) and Windows Server 2025, including Server Core installations. An unauthenticated attacker positioned on an adjacent network segment can bypass origin/authentication checks (CWE-346) to impersonate a trusted source, with Microsoft rating scope-changed high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CVSS 8.3). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though high attack complexity limits reliable exploitation.
Windows Boot Loader across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 omits a required cryptographic integrity step (CWE-325), enabling a locally authenticated attacker to bypass boot-time security features. The CVSS vector (AV:L/PR:L) confirms exploitation requires an existing local foothold - remote unauthenticated attacks are not possible. No active exploitation is recorded (SSVC: none, EPSS 0.23%), but SSVC rates technical impact as total, reflecting that a successful boot-level security bypass can undermine the entire trusted boot chain and enable persistent pre-OS compromise.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows Client-Side Caching (CSC) Service, driven by a use-after-free (CWE-416) memory-corruption flaw affecting Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. An authorized attacker who already holds low-level privileges (PR:L) on the host can trigger the freed-object reuse to gain elevated, likely SYSTEM-level, privileges. The issue was reported by Microsoft with a patch available; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and no CISA KEV listing.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Win32K kernel-mode subsystem allows an authenticated attacker to elevate to SYSTEM by exploiting a use-after-free (CWE-416) memory-corruption condition. The flaw affects a broad range of supported Windows client and server releases (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2016 through 2025). Reported by Microsoft with a patch available; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows DirectX graphics subsystem allows an authenticated attacker with low privileges to elevate to SYSTEM by triggering a use-after-free (CWE-416) memory-corruption condition. The flaw affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV; the CVSS 3.1 base score is 7.0 (High), tempered by high attack complexity.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Wireless Networking component affects a broad span of currently supported Windows releases (Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2019/2022/2025), letting an already-authenticated local user win a timing race to gain SYSTEM-level control. The flaw is a CWE-362 race condition where improperly synchronized access to a shared resource can be manipulated during a narrow execution window; CVSS 7.8 reflects a high-complexity but high-impact local escalation with a scope change. Microsoft (the reporter) has shipped a patch, and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Denial of service in the Microsoft Windows DHCP Server role allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to exhaust server resources and knock the service offline over the network. The flaw affects a broad range of supported Windows Server releases (2012 through 2025, including Server Core installations) and carries a CVSS 7.5 rating driven entirely by availability impact. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Remote code execution in Windows Remote Desktop Services (RDS) allows an authenticated network attacker to run arbitrary code by triggering a use-after-free (CWE-416) memory corruption condition. The flaw affects a broad range of currently-supported Windows client and server builds - Windows 10 21H2/22H2, Windows 11 24H2/25H2/26H1, and Windows Server 2022/2025 (including Server Core). It was reported by Microsoft with a CVSS 8.8 rating; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV, but the network vector combined with only low-privilege requirements makes it a strong patch priority.
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Sensor Data Service arises from a use-after-free (CWE-416) memory corruption flaw that an already-authenticated attacker can trigger to run code at higher privilege. It affects a broad range of client and server builds (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2016 through 2025). Reported by Microsoft with a patch available; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the CVSS:3.1 score is 7.0 (High).
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Cloud Files Mini Filter Driver (cldflt.sys) lets an authenticated low-privileged user corrupt kernel memory to gain SYSTEM-level control. The flaw is a use-after-free (CWE-416) affecting a broad range of Windows client and server builds from Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2019-2025. Microsoft has released a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Remote code execution in Microsoft Windows Remote Desktop Protocol allows an unauthorized, unauthenticated network attacker to run arbitrary code by triggering an integer overflow (CWE-190) in RDP processing. The flaw carries a CVSS 9.8 and affects a broad range of Windows client and server builds from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV; EPSS is a modest 0.78% (52nd percentile), so risk is currently theoretical but severe if weaponized.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Desktop Window Manager (DWM) Core Library allows an authenticated attacker to gain SYSTEM-level privileges by triggering a type-confusion (CWE-843) condition. The flaw affects a broad range of supported Windows client and server releases from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2016 through 2025. Reported internally by Microsoft with a vendor patch available; no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation in the Windows USB Print Driver affects Windows 11 (versions 24H2, 25H2, 26H1) and Windows Server 2025, exploitable by a physically-present attacker with low-privilege credentials via a race condition in the driver's shared resource handling. The flaw requires both physical device access and precise timing to win the synchronization window, making exploitation non-trivial. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS stands at 0.17% (7th percentile), and SSVC rates exploitation as none - consistent with high attack complexity and the physical access prerequisite.
Local code execution in Windows Media on Windows 11 (24H2, 25H2, 26H1) and Windows Server 2025 lets an attacker run arbitrary code by luring a user into opening a maliciously crafted media file. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 7.8 with full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact but requiring user interaction, and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis. Microsoft has released a patch via MSRC.
Elevation of privilege in Microsoft Windows Management Services lets a low-privileged local user corrupt memory through a use-after-free (CWE-416) and gain higher privileges on Windows 11 (24H2, 25H2, 26H1) and Windows Server 2025. A successful exploit yields high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact, but the CVSS vector marks high attack complexity, reflecting the race-condition timing typically needed to win a use-after-free. Microsoft has released a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Windows Kernel security feature bypass across Windows 10, 11, and Server 2012 through 2025 allows a local authenticated attacker to circumvent kernel-enforced access controls, resulting in high-confidence disclosure of sensitive information (C:H). Rooted in CWE-284 (Improper Access Control), the flaw enables a privilege-constrained local user to read protected data beyond their authorization boundary. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis; EPSS sits at 0.25% (16th percentile) and SSVC assigns exploitation status 'none,' consistently characterizing this as a standard patch-cycle priority rather than an emergency response item.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows UPnP Device Host service (upnp.dll) lets an already-authenticated low-privileged user corrupt heap memory to gain SYSTEM-level control across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2019-2025 builds. Reported by Microsoft with a patch available, it carries CVSS 7.8 (local, low-complexity, low-privilege). There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS is low (0.36%), and CISA SSVC records exploitation as none.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Cloud Files Mini Filter Driver (cldflt.sys) allows an authenticated low-privileged user to elevate to SYSTEM by triggering a use-after-free memory corruption condition. The flaw affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases (Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2019 through 2025) and was reported by Microsoft. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the CVE is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Input Method Editor (IME) component across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2016 through 2025 allows an already-authenticated user to gain SYSTEM-level privileges by triggering a heap-based buffer overflow. The flaw carries a CVSS 7.8 (high) rating with total technical impact, but CISA's SSVC framework marks exploitation as 'none' and non-automatable, and the EPSS probability is low at 0.33% (25th percentile). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft's NAT Helper Components (ipnathlp.dll), the driver behind Internet Connection Sharing and NAT translation on Windows 11 (24H2, 25H2, 26H1) and Windows Server 2025. An authenticated attacker who already has low-privilege access can exploit a use-after-free memory corruption bug to run code at higher privilege (SYSTEM). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV, but Microsoft has released a patch.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows Kernel allows an authenticated attacker to elevate to SYSTEM by triggering an integer overflow (CWE-190) in a kernel code path. The flaw affects a broad range of supported Windows client and server releases (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025). Reported by Microsoft with a vendor patch available; no public exploit identified at time of analysis and no EPSS or KEV data supplied.
Elevation of privilege in the Windows SMB implementation allows an authenticated network attacker to win a race condition and gain higher privileges on affected systems, spanning Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. The flaw is a concurrency defect (CWE-362) reported by Microsoft with a vendor patch already released; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis. Note a data conflict: the description and CVSS impacts describe privilege elevation with full confidentiality/integrity/availability impact, while the intelligence tags also label it 'Information Disclosure' — the CVSS vector should be treated as authoritative.
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Installer (msiexec/MSI service) lets an already-authenticated low-privilege user elevate to SYSTEM by abusing an improper authorization check (CWE-285). Affected platforms span Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025, including Server Core installations. Microsoft has released a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the CVE is not listed in CISA KEV, so risk is currently potential rather than confirmed in-the-wild exploitation.
Information disclosure in Microsoft Windows Remote Desktop (RDP) allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to read out-of-bounds memory over the network, potentially leaking sensitive process data from affected systems. The flaw (CWE-125) affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025, and is patched by Microsoft. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none with a low EPSS probability (0.89%).
Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) across a broad range of Windows 10, 11, and Server editions discloses potentially sensitive memory contents over the network due to an uninitialized resource flaw (CWE-908), exploitable by remote unauthenticated attackers when a user interacts with an RDP session. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N) indicates network-wide reachability with no attacker privilege requirement, though mandatory user interaction (UI:R) prevents automated mass exploitation. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; EPSS at 0.51% (40th percentile) and SSVC exploitation status of 'none' confirm low current threat activity despite Windows RDP's ubiquitous enterprise attack surface.
Information disclosure in the Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) stack allows an unauthenticated, remote attacker to read uninitialized memory contents over the network, affecting virtually all supported Windows client and server releases from Windows Server 2012 and Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. The flaw (CWE-908, use of uninitialized resource) carries CVSS 7.5 with a pure-confidentiality impact (C:H/I:N/A:N) and requires no authentication or user interaction. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and CISA's SSVC assessment rates exploitation as 'none' with a partial technical impact; the EPSS score of 0.89% (55th percentile) indicates modest near-term exploitation likelihood.
Information disclosure in the Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) stack lets a remote, unauthenticated attacker read uninitialized memory over the network, potentially leaking sensitive data such as memory contents or fragments of prior sessions. It affects a broad range of Windows client and server builds from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. Reported by Microsoft with a patch available; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS exploitation probability is low at 0.89%.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Bluetooth Service affects a broad range of Microsoft Windows client and server editions (Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2019 through 2025). A heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) lets an already-authenticated local attacker corrupt kernel/service memory to elevate from a low-privileged account to SYSTEM. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV; a vendor patch is available from Microsoft.
Local code execution in Microsoft Windows' Resilient File System (ReFS) driver lets an attacker run arbitrary code by inducing a victim to mount or open a maliciously crafted ReFS volume. The flaw is a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) in ReFS metadata parsing affecting Windows 10, Windows 11 (through 26H1), and Windows Server 2016-2025. CVSS is 7.8 (AV:L/UI:R); there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not in CISA KEV, so exploitation would require crafting a malicious volume and social-engineering the user to attach it.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows USB Audio Class driver (usbaudio.sys) exposes kernel memory contents to an attacker who physically connects a crafted USB audio device to an unpatched system. Affected systems span Windows 10 (1809 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2019/2022/2025, as confirmed by EUVD-2026-44284 and the MSRC advisory. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and EPSS at 0.42% (34th percentile) reflects low automated exploitation probability consistent with the mandatory physical access requirement.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Runtime (WinRT) component of Windows 11 (24H2, 25H2, 26H1) and Windows Server 2022/2025 lets an already-authenticated local user race a shared resource to gain higher privileges. Microsoft (the reporting vendor) has shipped fixes; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none, though the technical impact is total. EPSS is low at 0.24% (16th percentile), consistent with a high-complexity local flaw rather than a mass-exploited network bug.
Information disclosure via uninitialized resource use in Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) exposes sensitive memory contents to authenticated remote attackers across a wide range of Microsoft Windows desktop and server editions. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) confirms this is exploitable over the network by any low-privileged authenticated user with no complexity or interaction requirements, yielding high confidentiality impact. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the low barrier to exploitation and the ubiquitous deployment of Windows RDP make this a meaningful patching priority.
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an authenticated low-privileged attacker to elevate to SYSTEM by triggering a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122). The flaw affects a broad range of Windows client and server versions from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 through Server 2025. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV; a vendor patch is available.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (afd.sys) lets an already-authenticated user execute code in kernel context and gain SYSTEM-level rights, affecting a broad Windows client and server range from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 25H2/26H1 and Server 2025. The flaw is a CWE-416 use-after-free that yields total technical impact (C:H/I:H/A:H). Microsoft has shipped a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and CISA's SSVC framework lists exploitation as none, with a low EPSS of 0.25% (16th percentile).
Local privilege elevation in the Windows Extensible Storage Engine (ESENT) database library allows an already-authenticated low-privileged user on affected Windows 10 1809, Windows Server 2019, 2022, and 2025 systems to gain higher privileges, with full loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The flaw stems from improper access control (CWE-284) in a core OS component that services many system databases. Microsoft has released a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.
Remote code execution in Microsoft Windows Media Foundation allows an attacker to run arbitrary code by inducing a victim to open a maliciously crafted media file, exploiting a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122). All supported Windows client and server releases from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2016 through 2025 are affected. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS is low (0.83%) and CISA SSVC records exploitation status as none, but the technical impact is total.
Elevation of privilege in the Windows Hyper-V virtual network switch (VMSwitch) lets an authenticated attacker operating from a guest partition corrupt kernel memory via a use-after-free and gain higher privileges, with a scope change (S:C) indicating a guest-to-host escape. Rated CVSS 9.9 and affecting a broad range of Windows client and server releases from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through 2025, this issue was reported by Microsoft and has a vendor patch available. No public exploit is identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Information disclosure in Windows Print Spooler Components exposes memory contents to locally authenticated attackers via an out-of-bounds read (CWE-125). The flaw affects a sweeping range of Windows releases from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025, making the affected surface extremely broad. Microsoft has released patched builds and the SSVC assessment confirms no observed exploitation, with EPSS at 0.31% (22nd percentile) corroborating a low immediate threat posture; however, Print Spooler's historical exploitation history (PrintNightmare family) warrants prompt patching given attacker familiarity with the component.
Remote code execution in the Windows SMB Server Network Transport driver (srvnet.sys) allows unauthenticated network attackers to run arbitrary code by triggering a use-after-free condition, affecting a broad range of Windows client and server releases from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. Because the CVSS vector is AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N (9.8 Critical), exploitation needs no authentication or user interaction, giving this the structural profile of a wormable SMB flaw similar to prior srvnet.sys issues. No public exploit was identified at time of analysis and CISA SSVC lists exploitation as 'none', with a modest EPSS of 0.57% (43rd percentile).
Local privilege escalation in the Windows File History Service lets an authenticated, low-privileged attacker corrupt a stack buffer (CWE-121) to run code with elevated (SYSTEM-level) privileges on affected Windows client and server releases. The flaw spans a broad range of supported editions from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2016 through 2025, including Server Core installations. No public exploit was identified at time of analysis, and the CVE is not listed in CISA KEV.
Remote code execution in Microsoft Windows Media Foundation lets an unauthenticated attacker run arbitrary code in the victim's context by delivering a malicious media file or stream that the target opens or plays. The flaw affects the Media Foundation multimedia framework across supported Windows 10, Windows 11 (through 26H1), and Windows Server 2016-2025 builds, and carries CVSS 8.8. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV, but the CVSS profile of confidentiality, integrity, and availability all rated High marks this as a high-priority client-side RCE.
Remote code execution in Microsoft Windows Media Foundation allows an unauthenticated network attacker to run arbitrary code by triggering a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) in the media-processing pipeline, per the CVSS:3.1 vector (AV:N/PR:N/UI:N). The flaw affects a broad range of client and server SKUs from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2016 through 2025. Microsoft has released patches; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV, with EPSS estimating a modest 0.83% 30-day exploitation probability.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Win32k kernel-mode subsystem allows an authenticated low-privileged attacker to disclose sensitive kernel information and elevate to higher privileges on affected Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server (2012 through 2025) systems. Microsoft has released patches; SSVC rates technical impact as total but exploitation status as none, and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis. EPSS is low (0.50%, 39th percentile), consistent with a local-only, non-automatable flaw rather than mass-exploitable one.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Network File System (NFS) component allows an authenticated attacker to elevate to SYSTEM by triggering a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122). Reported by Microsoft and affecting a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012-2025 releases, with a vendor patch available via MSRC. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and no CISA KEV listing.
Information disclosure in Windows File Explorer exposes sensitive memory contents to local attackers due to CWE-908 use of an uninitialized resource. Triggered when a local user interacts with File Explorer, the flaw allows memory contents - potentially including sensitive data from other processes or the OS - to be read without elevated privileges. No public exploit code has been identified and CISA has not listed this in KEV, but the breadth of affected platforms (Windows 10 through 11 and Windows Server 2012 through 2025) makes patching broadly applicable.
Uninitialized memory exposure in the Microsoft Windows Codecs Library enables a local attacker to disclose sensitive process memory contents on affected Windows systems. The flaw (CWE-908) requires user interaction - specifically opening or processing a specially crafted media file - but demands no elevated privileges. No public exploit code exists and no active exploitation is confirmed; EPSS sits at 0.51% (40th percentile), consistent with SSVC's 'Exploitation: none' assessment, making this a medium-severity, low-urgency issue relative to the breadth of affected platforms.
Remote code execution in Microsoft's Windows Network File System (NFS) server role affects a broad range of Windows client and server builds from Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 10/11. An unauthenticated network attacker who wins a race condition in a shared NFS resource can execute arbitrary code on the target. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none; EPSS is low at 0.64% (47th percentile), consistent with the high attack complexity of racing the vulnerable code path.
Elevation of privilege in the Windows Network File System (NFS) component affects a broad range of Microsoft platforms - Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2, 25H2, 26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 - where an authorized attacker can win a time-of-check/time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition over the network to gain higher privileges. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:H/PR:L) indicates a network-reachable but high-complexity flaw requiring low-level existing privileges, with full high impact to confidentiality, integrity and availability. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV; a Microsoft (MSRC) patch is available.
Privilege escalation in the Windows Remote Access Service (RRAS) Infrastructure allows an authenticated attacker to elevate privileges over the network by triggering an integer overflow (CWE-190) in affected code paths. The flaw affects a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases (2012 R2 through 2025), and Microsoft has released a patch. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV, but the network-reachable EoP profile with only low privileges required makes it a meaningful patch priority.
Privilege escalation via a heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Network File System (NFS) role lets an authenticated, low-privileged network attacker send crafted requests to corrupt server heap memory and gain elevated privileges. Affected systems span Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 wherever the Server for NFS role is present. No public exploit was identified at time of analysis and the flaw is not in CISA KEV, but the 8.8 CVSS with a network-reachable, low-complexity, no-user-interaction profile makes it a meaningful patch priority on NFS hosts.
Local code execution in Microsoft Windows Terminal (shipped on Windows 10 21H2/22H2, Windows 11 24H2/25H2/26H1, and Windows Server 2022/2025) arises from an integer overflow (CWE-190) that an unauthorized attacker can trigger, but only after luring a logged-on user into interacting with malicious content. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the flaw is not in CISA KEV, so this is a defense-in-depth patch rather than an emergency, though the CVSS 7.8 reflects full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact once triggered. Microsoft has released a patch via the MSRC update guide.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows Kernel allows an authenticated attacker to elevate to SYSTEM by exploiting a use-after-free (CWE-416) memory corruption condition, spanning Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2016 through 2025. Reported by Microsoft with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.8 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N), the flaw grants full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact on the local system. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV; a vendor patch is available.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows Kernel (CWE-416 use-after-free) lets an already-authenticated low-privilege user corrupt kernel memory and gain SYSTEM-level control across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2016 through 2025 builds. Microsoft self-reported the flaw and has shipped a patch through the Update Guide; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV. With CVSS 7.8 (AV:L/PR:L) it is a classic Patch-Tuesday local EoP suitable as a second-stage primitive after initial access.
Local code execution in Microsoft Windows Media Foundation stems from a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) that lets an attacker run arbitrary code in the context of the exploiting process across a broad range of Windows client and server builds, from Windows 10 1607 and Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. Microsoft rates it CVSS 8.4 (AV:L) with total confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and CISA SSVC marks exploitation as none, while EPSS sits low at 0.48% (38th percentile).
Remote code execution in the Microsoft Windows network driver affects a broad range of Windows client and server builds (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025), where a race condition (CWE-362) in the shared network driver lets an unauthenticated network attacker who wins a timing window run arbitrary code with full system impact. Microsoft has shipped fixes and rates it 8.1 with high attack complexity; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and CISA SSVC lists exploitation status as none, though the flaw is assessed as automatable with total technical impact. The EPSS probability is low (1.00%, 59th percentile), consistent with the high-complexity, not-yet-exploited profile.
Information disclosure in Microsoft Windows Schannel (the Secure Channel TLS/SSL provider) lets an authenticated, network-adjacent attacker read memory beyond an allocated buffer and leak sensitive data across a network connection. The flaw spans nearly the entire supported Windows family - Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. Reported by Microsoft with a fix available; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Windows Win32K information disclosure on multiple Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases allows a locally authenticated low-privilege user to read sensitive kernel-level data that should be inaccessible to user-space processes. Rooted in CWE-200 (improper exposure of sensitive information), the flaw exposes confidentiality-impacting data via the Win32K graphical subsystem without requiring elevated rights or user interaction from another party. No public exploit code has been identified, CISA SSVC rates exploitation status as 'none,' and the EPSS score of 0.47% (38th percentile) confirms low near-term exploitation probability.
Privilege escalation via heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Storage subsystem affects a wide range of Windows 11 and Windows Server 2022/2025 builds. An attacker already holding a standard (low-privileged) local user account can exploit the memory corruption flaw to gain full SYSTEM-level control - no user interaction or elevated starting privileges required beyond basic logon. Microsoft has released patches across all affected branches; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the low attack complexity (AC:L) makes this a credible post-access escalation primitive.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Accessibility Infrastructure (ATBroker.exe) affects a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases through a symlink-following flaw (CWE-59). An authenticated local attacker can manipulate file system links to redirect ATBroker.exe file access operations, enabling elevation from a standard user account to SYSTEM-level privileges across default Windows installations. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; however, Microsoft has released a patch and the breadth of affected builds makes timely remediation critical.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Application Information Services (appinfo) allows an authenticated local user to gain SYSTEM-level privileges through a use-after-free memory corruption flaw (CWE-416). Affected systems span Windows 11 versions 24H2, 25H2, and 26H1, plus Windows Server 2025 and its Server Core variant - all current, widely-deployed Microsoft platforms. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the low attack complexity (AC:L) and full CIA impact (C:H/I:H/A:H) make this a high-priority patch for any environment where untrusted or low-privileged users have local access.
Privilege escalation in Windows Remote Desktop Services (RDS) exploits a missing authentication check for a critical internal function, allowing a locally authenticated attacker to gain SYSTEM-level or equivalent elevated privileges. Affected platforms span Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2019 through 2025, covering a broad swath of modern Microsoft deployments. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the vendor-confirmed patch availability and low attack complexity make rapid patching urgent.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Sensor Data Service enables a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to fully compromise a target Windows system by escalating to SYSTEM-level privileges. Affecting Windows 10 (21H2, 22H2), Windows 11 (23H2 through 26H1), Windows Server 2022, and Windows Server 2025 across dozens of specific build ranges, exploitation requires no user interaction and low complexity once local access is established. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but SSVC classifies technical impact as total; Microsoft has released patches across all affected product lines.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Telephony Service (TAPISRV) enables a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to escalate privileges to SYSTEM on a broad range of Windows client and server releases spanning Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. The vulnerability carries a CVSS 7.8 score with low attack complexity, meaning exploitation is straightforward once local access is established, making it an effective second-stage tool in a broader attack chain. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches addressing all affected build lines.
Remote code execution via race condition in the Windows Remote Desktop Client enables unauthenticated network attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected systems across a broad sweep of Windows versions - from the aging Windows Server 2012 through the current Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. The flaw (CWE-362) arises from improper synchronization of shared resources during concurrent execution within the RDP client stack, allowing an adversary who can win a precise timing window to achieve full code execution. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none, though the CVSS base score of 8.1 and total technical impact classification make this a meaningful patching priority.
Buffer over-read in the Windows NTFS kernel driver enables a physically present attacker to disclose sensitive memory contents without authentication across a broad range of Windows client and server versions from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. The attack vector is strictly physical (confirmed by CVSS AV:P), confining the threat to scenarios where an adversary has direct hands-on access to the target hardware. No public exploit code has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog; Microsoft has released patches via the MSRC update guide.
Privilege escalation in the Windows Work Folder Service allows an authenticated local attacker to gain SYSTEM-level privileges via a use-after-free memory corruption flaw rooted in a race condition (CWE-362). The vulnerability affects a wide range of Windows client and server releases from Windows Server 2012 R2 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and SSVC assessment confirms no observed exploitation; however, technical impact is rated 'total,' indicating full system compromise is achievable if exploited.
Privilege escalation in the Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (afd.sys) allows an authenticated local attacker with low privileges to elevate to SYSTEM-level access by exploiting a use-after-free memory corruption condition in the kernel-mode driver. The flaw spans a wide swath of Microsoft's supported and legacy Windows ecosystem, from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025, making the patching surface unusually broad. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been confirmed at time of analysis; however, the combination of kernel-level impact, full C/I/A compromise upon success, and low privilege prerequisite makes this a meaningful post-compromise escalation risk.
Information disclosure in the Windows Event Logging Service exposes high-confidentiality data to any locally authenticated attacker via a CWE-126 buffer over-read, with no code execution possible. The vulnerability spans an exceptionally broad surface: every supported Windows client and server release from Windows Server 2012 and Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025 is affected. Microsoft has released patched builds via its monthly update cycle; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, keeping real-world urgency moderate despite the wide footprint.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Graphics Kernel exposes a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server editions to a use-after-free memory corruption flaw (CWE-416). An attacker holding a low-privileged local account who can satisfy a race condition in the kernel graphics subsystem can gain SYSTEM-level control of the affected host. Microsoft has released patches across all identified product lines; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis.
Remote Registry Service denial of service in Microsoft Windows allows network-authenticated attackers to crash the service via a crafted RPC request triggering a null pointer dereference. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) confirms that any domain or local account with network access to the service is sufficient for exploitation - no elevated privileges required. No public exploit code has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV at time of analysis.
Null pointer dereference in the Windows Remote Registry Service enables an authenticated network attacker to crash the service, resulting in denial of availability for remote registry operations across a broad range of Microsoft platforms. Affected builds span Windows 10/11 consumer releases and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025, representing the near-entirety of Microsoft's currently supported Windows footprint. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and CISA's SSVC framework rates exploitation as 'none' with partial technical impact, positioning this as a standard patch-cycle priority rather than an out-of-band emergency.
Windows Event Logging Service on multiple Windows desktop and server versions exposes uninitialized memory contents to locally authenticated attackers via CWE-908, enabling information disclosure without elevated privileges or user interaction. The CVSS vector (AV:L/PR:L/C:H) confirms that an authorized local user can trigger the flaw to read stale memory that may contain sensitive data from other processes or OS operations. No public exploit exists and CISA SSVC rates current exploitation as none, but the breadth of affected Windows versions - spanning Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 - makes patch prioritization worthwhile for any environment with untrusted local users.
Uninitialized resource use in Microsoft COM for Windows enables a locally authenticated attacker to read sensitive memory contents, constituting a high-confidence information disclosure. Affected systems span virtually the entire supported Windows ecosystem, from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. No public exploit exists at time of analysis and SSVC assessment rates exploitation as none, though the breadth of affected platforms elevates patching urgency.
Information disclosure in the Microsoft Windows Search Component allows a locally authenticated low-privileged attacker to bypass weak authentication controls and access sensitive indexed content outside their authorized scope. Affected systems span Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 across all current supported versions, representing an exceptionally broad exposure surface. No public exploit code has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV, though the ubiquitous deployment footprint of Windows makes timely patching a priority for all organizations.
Remote code execution in the Windows Remote Desktop Client exposes client machines across Windows 10, 11, and multiple Windows Server generations when connecting to an attacker-controlled RDP server. The heap-based buffer overflow (CVSS 8.1, AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N) allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to gain full control over a vulnerable client machine, though the AC:H rating reflects non-trivial exploitation preconditions. Microsoft has released patches across all affected product lines; no active exploitation is confirmed per SSVC and the absence of a CISA KEV listing, with EPSS at 0.64% (47th percentile) indicating low near-term exploitation probability.
Null pointer dereference in the Windows TCP/IP kernel driver exposes virtually every supported Windows Server and desktop release to remote denial-of-service attacks without any authentication or user interaction. The flaw, rooted in CWE-476, causes a kernel panic (Blue Screen of Death) when a specially crafted network packet triggers a NULL pointer dereference in tcpip.sys, crashing the affected host. Nineteen distinct product/version combinations from Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 11 25H2 are confirmed affected; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released corrective patches.
Information disclosure in AMD Zen processor microarchitecture, surfaced through Windows system software, enables a local low-privileged attacker to read high-sensitivity data across security boundaries. The CVSS Scope Changed metric (S:C) combined with C:H and the AMD Zen tag strongly suggests a microarchitectural side-channel capable of leaking data from outside the attacker's security context - a pattern consistent with speculative execution or cache-based cross-boundary leakage. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA SSVC rates exploitation status as none; however, the breadth of affected Windows versions (Server 2012 R2 through Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 across all supported channels) gives this a wide potential exposure surface on AMD Zen-equipped systems.
Information disclosure in AMD Zen processors on Windows allows a locally authenticated low-privileged attacker to read sensitive memory contents across security boundaries via a high-complexity microarchitectural technique. Affecting Windows versions from Windows 10 1607 to Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2012 R2 through Server 2025, this vulnerability was reported by Microsoft's security team (secure@microsoft.com) and carries a CVSS 5.6 medium score with Scope:Changed (S:C) indicating the attacker can cross a privilege boundary to reach data outside their own security context. No public exploit code exists and the vulnerability is absent from the CISA KEV catalog, though vendor-released patches are confirmed available via MSRC.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows Encrypting File System (EFS) driver exposes sensitive memory contents to any locally authenticated attacker holding standard user privileges. Affected systems span the entire modern Windows ecosystem - from Windows 10 1607 and Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025 - making the patch surface extremely broad. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, though the combination of a low-complexity local attack and high confidentiality impact warrants prompt patching on systems where EFS is actively used.
Privilege escalation in Windows Installer exposes virtually every supported Windows release to local elevation-of-privilege via an integer overflow (CWE-190) in the msiexec/installer subsystem. Any low-privileged local user can trigger the flaw to gain SYSTEM-level control, with full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact confirmed by the CVSS:3.1 AV:L/PR:L/C:H/I:H/A:H vector. Microsoft has released patches across all affected product lines; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at the time of this analysis.
Privilege escalation in the Windows Event Logging Service affects Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2022/2025 across a wide range of builds via an improperly synchronized race condition on a shared resource. An authorized local attacker with low-level credentials can win a concurrent execution timing window to gain full SYSTEM-level privileges, achieving complete confidentiality, integrity, and availability compromise on the affected host. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the breadth of affected Windows versions across both client and server editions makes patching a high-priority operational item.
Privilege escalation in the Windows Virtual Hard Disk (VHD) Miniport Driver affects Windows 10, 11, and Server 2016 through 2025, enabling a low-privileged local attacker to achieve full kernel-level control via a use-after-free memory corruption in a kernel-mode driver. The CVSS AC:H rating indicates the exploit path likely requires precise timing - consistent with a race condition in driver memory management - which reduces but does not eliminate real-world risk. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis; a vendor patch from Microsoft is available.
Privilege escalation in Windows Telephony Service via an improper synchronization race condition (CWE-362) allows a locally authenticated, low-privilege attacker to gain full control over an affected system, achieving high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. The flaw spans an exceptionally broad range of Windows releases - from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 25H2 and Windows Server 2025 - and Microsoft has issued patched builds through the MSRC update guide. No active exploitation has been confirmed (not listed in CISA KEV), and no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Spoofing via origin validation failure in Windows Network Address Translation (NAT) exposes Windows Server 2025 and Windows 11 (versions 24H2 through 26H1) to network-layer address spoofing by unauthenticated attackers on an adjacent network. The flaw, rooted in CWE-346, allows crafted packets to bypass NAT's origin-trust enforcement, potentially enabling man-in-the-middle interception or manipulation of traffic transiting the NAT boundary. The CVSS scope change (S:C) reflects that the impact extends beyond the host running NAT to other systems whose traffic passes through it. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been confirmed at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation via untrusted search path (CWE-426) in Windows Narrator Braille affects multiple Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server builds, allowing a locally authenticated attacker to elevate from standard user to higher privileges. The CVSS 3.1 score of 7.8 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) reflects low attack complexity once local access is established, with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but a vendor-released patch is available and should be applied promptly.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Imaging Component (WIC), Microsoft's built-in image processing framework, enables local code execution across virtually every supported Windows client and server release from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 25H2 and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. The flaw is triggered when a user opens or previews a specially crafted image file, requiring no prior authentication or elevated privileges, and yields full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact on the compromised system. Vendor-released patches are available via Microsoft's July 2026 update cycle; no public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis.
Unauthenticated network-based denial of service in the Windows Kernel results from unconstrained resource allocation (CWE-770), where the kernel fails to impose limits or throttling on network-triggered resource consumption. Affecting Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server editions spanning 2012 through 2025, a remote attacker with no credentials or user interaction can exhaust system resources and render the host unavailable. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at the time of analysis, though the low-complexity, unauthenticated attack surface warrants prompt patching across all affected enterprise environments.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows LUAFV (Layered User Access Filter Volume) kernel driver enables a locally authenticated, low-privileged user to escalate to full SYSTEM-level privileges across a wide range of Windows desktop and server releases. Microsoft has released patches covering Windows 10 through Windows 11 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025, with exact fix builds published via MSRC and ENISA EUVD-2026-56287. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, though the AC:H constraint limits opportunistic exploitation rather than eliminating risk from determined actors who already hold a foothold.
Command injection in Windows Active Directory enables network-based remote code execution against a broad range of Windows client and server versions, from legacy Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. With a CVSS 8.8 and a vector of AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R, an unauthenticated remote attacker can execute arbitrary commands on affected systems when a local user performs a triggering action - such as processing a crafted request or interacting with attacker-controlled content that reaches the vulnerable AD component. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but Microsoft has released patches across all affected branches.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows RPC API exploits a missing authentication gate on a critical function (CWE-306), enabling any low-privileged authenticated local user to attain SYSTEM-level control across a sweeping range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server editions from 2012 through 2025. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) confirms low-complexity exploitation requiring only a standard user account with no user interaction. No public exploit code is identified at time of analysis, and CISA SSVC rates current exploitation status as none, though technical impact is rated total.
Spoofing via origin validation error in the Windows Network Address Translation (NAT) component affects Windows 11 (24H2, 25H2, 26H1) and Windows Server 2025, including Server Core installations. An unauthenticated attacker positioned on an adjacent network segment can bypass origin/authentication checks (CWE-346) to impersonate a trusted source, with Microsoft rating scope-changed high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CVSS 8.3). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though high attack complexity limits reliable exploitation.
Windows Boot Loader across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 omits a required cryptographic integrity step (CWE-325), enabling a locally authenticated attacker to bypass boot-time security features. The CVSS vector (AV:L/PR:L) confirms exploitation requires an existing local foothold - remote unauthenticated attacks are not possible. No active exploitation is recorded (SSVC: none, EPSS 0.23%), but SSVC rates technical impact as total, reflecting that a successful boot-level security bypass can undermine the entire trusted boot chain and enable persistent pre-OS compromise.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows Client-Side Caching (CSC) Service, driven by a use-after-free (CWE-416) memory-corruption flaw affecting Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. An authorized attacker who already holds low-level privileges (PR:L) on the host can trigger the freed-object reuse to gain elevated, likely SYSTEM-level, privileges. The issue was reported by Microsoft with a patch available; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and no CISA KEV listing.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Win32K kernel-mode subsystem allows an authenticated attacker to elevate to SYSTEM by exploiting a use-after-free (CWE-416) memory-corruption condition. The flaw affects a broad range of supported Windows client and server releases (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2016 through 2025). Reported by Microsoft with a patch available; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows DirectX graphics subsystem allows an authenticated attacker with low privileges to elevate to SYSTEM by triggering a use-after-free (CWE-416) memory-corruption condition. The flaw affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV; the CVSS 3.1 base score is 7.0 (High), tempered by high attack complexity.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Wireless Networking component affects a broad span of currently supported Windows releases (Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2019/2022/2025), letting an already-authenticated local user win a timing race to gain SYSTEM-level control. The flaw is a CWE-362 race condition where improperly synchronized access to a shared resource can be manipulated during a narrow execution window; CVSS 7.8 reflects a high-complexity but high-impact local escalation with a scope change. Microsoft (the reporter) has shipped a patch, and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Denial of service in the Microsoft Windows DHCP Server role allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to exhaust server resources and knock the service offline over the network. The flaw affects a broad range of supported Windows Server releases (2012 through 2025, including Server Core installations) and carries a CVSS 7.5 rating driven entirely by availability impact. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Remote code execution in Windows Remote Desktop Services (RDS) allows an authenticated network attacker to run arbitrary code by triggering a use-after-free (CWE-416) memory corruption condition. The flaw affects a broad range of currently-supported Windows client and server builds - Windows 10 21H2/22H2, Windows 11 24H2/25H2/26H1, and Windows Server 2022/2025 (including Server Core). It was reported by Microsoft with a CVSS 8.8 rating; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV, but the network vector combined with only low-privilege requirements makes it a strong patch priority.
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Sensor Data Service arises from a use-after-free (CWE-416) memory corruption flaw that an already-authenticated attacker can trigger to run code at higher privilege. It affects a broad range of client and server builds (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2016 through 2025). Reported by Microsoft with a patch available; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the CVSS:3.1 score is 7.0 (High).
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Cloud Files Mini Filter Driver (cldflt.sys) lets an authenticated low-privileged user corrupt kernel memory to gain SYSTEM-level control. The flaw is a use-after-free (CWE-416) affecting a broad range of Windows client and server builds from Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2019-2025. Microsoft has released a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Remote code execution in Microsoft Windows Remote Desktop Protocol allows an unauthorized, unauthenticated network attacker to run arbitrary code by triggering an integer overflow (CWE-190) in RDP processing. The flaw carries a CVSS 9.8 and affects a broad range of Windows client and server builds from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV; EPSS is a modest 0.78% (52nd percentile), so risk is currently theoretical but severe if weaponized.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Desktop Window Manager (DWM) Core Library allows an authenticated attacker to gain SYSTEM-level privileges by triggering a type-confusion (CWE-843) condition. The flaw affects a broad range of supported Windows client and server releases from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2016 through 2025. Reported internally by Microsoft with a vendor patch available; no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation in the Windows USB Print Driver affects Windows 11 (versions 24H2, 25H2, 26H1) and Windows Server 2025, exploitable by a physically-present attacker with low-privilege credentials via a race condition in the driver's shared resource handling. The flaw requires both physical device access and precise timing to win the synchronization window, making exploitation non-trivial. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS stands at 0.17% (7th percentile), and SSVC rates exploitation as none - consistent with high attack complexity and the physical access prerequisite.
Local code execution in Windows Media on Windows 11 (24H2, 25H2, 26H1) and Windows Server 2025 lets an attacker run arbitrary code by luring a user into opening a maliciously crafted media file. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 7.8 with full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact but requiring user interaction, and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis. Microsoft has released a patch via MSRC.
Elevation of privilege in Microsoft Windows Management Services lets a low-privileged local user corrupt memory through a use-after-free (CWE-416) and gain higher privileges on Windows 11 (24H2, 25H2, 26H1) and Windows Server 2025. A successful exploit yields high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact, but the CVSS vector marks high attack complexity, reflecting the race-condition timing typically needed to win a use-after-free. Microsoft has released a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Windows Kernel security feature bypass across Windows 10, 11, and Server 2012 through 2025 allows a local authenticated attacker to circumvent kernel-enforced access controls, resulting in high-confidence disclosure of sensitive information (C:H). Rooted in CWE-284 (Improper Access Control), the flaw enables a privilege-constrained local user to read protected data beyond their authorization boundary. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis; EPSS sits at 0.25% (16th percentile) and SSVC assigns exploitation status 'none,' consistently characterizing this as a standard patch-cycle priority rather than an emergency response item.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows UPnP Device Host service (upnp.dll) lets an already-authenticated low-privileged user corrupt heap memory to gain SYSTEM-level control across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2019-2025 builds. Reported by Microsoft with a patch available, it carries CVSS 7.8 (local, low-complexity, low-privilege). There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS is low (0.36%), and CISA SSVC records exploitation as none.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Cloud Files Mini Filter Driver (cldflt.sys) allows an authenticated low-privileged user to elevate to SYSTEM by triggering a use-after-free memory corruption condition. The flaw affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases (Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2019 through 2025) and was reported by Microsoft. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the CVE is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Input Method Editor (IME) component across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2016 through 2025 allows an already-authenticated user to gain SYSTEM-level privileges by triggering a heap-based buffer overflow. The flaw carries a CVSS 7.8 (high) rating with total technical impact, but CISA's SSVC framework marks exploitation as 'none' and non-automatable, and the EPSS probability is low at 0.33% (25th percentile). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft's NAT Helper Components (ipnathlp.dll), the driver behind Internet Connection Sharing and NAT translation on Windows 11 (24H2, 25H2, 26H1) and Windows Server 2025. An authenticated attacker who already has low-privilege access can exploit a use-after-free memory corruption bug to run code at higher privilege (SYSTEM). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV, but Microsoft has released a patch.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows Kernel allows an authenticated attacker to elevate to SYSTEM by triggering an integer overflow (CWE-190) in a kernel code path. The flaw affects a broad range of supported Windows client and server releases (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025). Reported by Microsoft with a vendor patch available; no public exploit identified at time of analysis and no EPSS or KEV data supplied.
Elevation of privilege in the Windows SMB implementation allows an authenticated network attacker to win a race condition and gain higher privileges on affected systems, spanning Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. The flaw is a concurrency defect (CWE-362) reported by Microsoft with a vendor patch already released; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis. Note a data conflict: the description and CVSS impacts describe privilege elevation with full confidentiality/integrity/availability impact, while the intelligence tags also label it 'Information Disclosure' — the CVSS vector should be treated as authoritative.
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Installer (msiexec/MSI service) lets an already-authenticated low-privilege user elevate to SYSTEM by abusing an improper authorization check (CWE-285). Affected platforms span Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025, including Server Core installations. Microsoft has released a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the CVE is not listed in CISA KEV, so risk is currently potential rather than confirmed in-the-wild exploitation.
Information disclosure in Microsoft Windows Remote Desktop (RDP) allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to read out-of-bounds memory over the network, potentially leaking sensitive process data from affected systems. The flaw (CWE-125) affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025, and is patched by Microsoft. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none with a low EPSS probability (0.89%).
Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) across a broad range of Windows 10, 11, and Server editions discloses potentially sensitive memory contents over the network due to an uninitialized resource flaw (CWE-908), exploitable by remote unauthenticated attackers when a user interacts with an RDP session. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N) indicates network-wide reachability with no attacker privilege requirement, though mandatory user interaction (UI:R) prevents automated mass exploitation. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; EPSS at 0.51% (40th percentile) and SSVC exploitation status of 'none' confirm low current threat activity despite Windows RDP's ubiquitous enterprise attack surface.
Information disclosure in the Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) stack allows an unauthenticated, remote attacker to read uninitialized memory contents over the network, affecting virtually all supported Windows client and server releases from Windows Server 2012 and Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. The flaw (CWE-908, use of uninitialized resource) carries CVSS 7.5 with a pure-confidentiality impact (C:H/I:N/A:N) and requires no authentication or user interaction. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and CISA's SSVC assessment rates exploitation as 'none' with a partial technical impact; the EPSS score of 0.89% (55th percentile) indicates modest near-term exploitation likelihood.
Information disclosure in the Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) stack lets a remote, unauthenticated attacker read uninitialized memory over the network, potentially leaking sensitive data such as memory contents or fragments of prior sessions. It affects a broad range of Windows client and server builds from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. Reported by Microsoft with a patch available; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS exploitation probability is low at 0.89%.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Bluetooth Service affects a broad range of Microsoft Windows client and server editions (Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2019 through 2025). A heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) lets an already-authenticated local attacker corrupt kernel/service memory to elevate from a low-privileged account to SYSTEM. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV; a vendor patch is available from Microsoft.
Local code execution in Microsoft Windows' Resilient File System (ReFS) driver lets an attacker run arbitrary code by inducing a victim to mount or open a maliciously crafted ReFS volume. The flaw is a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) in ReFS metadata parsing affecting Windows 10, Windows 11 (through 26H1), and Windows Server 2016-2025. CVSS is 7.8 (AV:L/UI:R); there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not in CISA KEV, so exploitation would require crafting a malicious volume and social-engineering the user to attach it.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows USB Audio Class driver (usbaudio.sys) exposes kernel memory contents to an attacker who physically connects a crafted USB audio device to an unpatched system. Affected systems span Windows 10 (1809 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2019/2022/2025, as confirmed by EUVD-2026-44284 and the MSRC advisory. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and EPSS at 0.42% (34th percentile) reflects low automated exploitation probability consistent with the mandatory physical access requirement.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Runtime (WinRT) component of Windows 11 (24H2, 25H2, 26H1) and Windows Server 2022/2025 lets an already-authenticated local user race a shared resource to gain higher privileges. Microsoft (the reporting vendor) has shipped fixes; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none, though the technical impact is total. EPSS is low at 0.24% (16th percentile), consistent with a high-complexity local flaw rather than a mass-exploited network bug.
Information disclosure via uninitialized resource use in Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) exposes sensitive memory contents to authenticated remote attackers across a wide range of Microsoft Windows desktop and server editions. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) confirms this is exploitable over the network by any low-privileged authenticated user with no complexity or interaction requirements, yielding high confidentiality impact. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the low barrier to exploitation and the ubiquitous deployment of Windows RDP make this a meaningful patching priority.
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an authenticated low-privileged attacker to elevate to SYSTEM by triggering a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122). The flaw affects a broad range of Windows client and server versions from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 through Server 2025. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV; a vendor patch is available.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (afd.sys) lets an already-authenticated user execute code in kernel context and gain SYSTEM-level rights, affecting a broad Windows client and server range from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 25H2/26H1 and Server 2025. The flaw is a CWE-416 use-after-free that yields total technical impact (C:H/I:H/A:H). Microsoft has shipped a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and CISA's SSVC framework lists exploitation as none, with a low EPSS of 0.25% (16th percentile).
Local privilege elevation in the Windows Extensible Storage Engine (ESENT) database library allows an already-authenticated low-privileged user on affected Windows 10 1809, Windows Server 2019, 2022, and 2025 systems to gain higher privileges, with full loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The flaw stems from improper access control (CWE-284) in a core OS component that services many system databases. Microsoft has released a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.
Remote code execution in Microsoft Windows Media Foundation allows an attacker to run arbitrary code by inducing a victim to open a maliciously crafted media file, exploiting a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122). All supported Windows client and server releases from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2016 through 2025 are affected. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS is low (0.83%) and CISA SSVC records exploitation status as none, but the technical impact is total.
Elevation of privilege in the Windows Hyper-V virtual network switch (VMSwitch) lets an authenticated attacker operating from a guest partition corrupt kernel memory via a use-after-free and gain higher privileges, with a scope change (S:C) indicating a guest-to-host escape. Rated CVSS 9.9 and affecting a broad range of Windows client and server releases from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through 2025, this issue was reported by Microsoft and has a vendor patch available. No public exploit is identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Information disclosure in Windows Print Spooler Components exposes memory contents to locally authenticated attackers via an out-of-bounds read (CWE-125). The flaw affects a sweeping range of Windows releases from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025, making the affected surface extremely broad. Microsoft has released patched builds and the SSVC assessment confirms no observed exploitation, with EPSS at 0.31% (22nd percentile) corroborating a low immediate threat posture; however, Print Spooler's historical exploitation history (PrintNightmare family) warrants prompt patching given attacker familiarity with the component.
Remote code execution in the Windows SMB Server Network Transport driver (srvnet.sys) allows unauthenticated network attackers to run arbitrary code by triggering a use-after-free condition, affecting a broad range of Windows client and server releases from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. Because the CVSS vector is AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N (9.8 Critical), exploitation needs no authentication or user interaction, giving this the structural profile of a wormable SMB flaw similar to prior srvnet.sys issues. No public exploit was identified at time of analysis and CISA SSVC lists exploitation as 'none', with a modest EPSS of 0.57% (43rd percentile).
Local privilege escalation in the Windows File History Service lets an authenticated, low-privileged attacker corrupt a stack buffer (CWE-121) to run code with elevated (SYSTEM-level) privileges on affected Windows client and server releases. The flaw spans a broad range of supported editions from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2016 through 2025, including Server Core installations. No public exploit was identified at time of analysis, and the CVE is not listed in CISA KEV.
Remote code execution in Microsoft Windows Media Foundation lets an unauthenticated attacker run arbitrary code in the victim's context by delivering a malicious media file or stream that the target opens or plays. The flaw affects the Media Foundation multimedia framework across supported Windows 10, Windows 11 (through 26H1), and Windows Server 2016-2025 builds, and carries CVSS 8.8. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV, but the CVSS profile of confidentiality, integrity, and availability all rated High marks this as a high-priority client-side RCE.
Remote code execution in Microsoft Windows Media Foundation allows an unauthenticated network attacker to run arbitrary code by triggering a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) in the media-processing pipeline, per the CVSS:3.1 vector (AV:N/PR:N/UI:N). The flaw affects a broad range of client and server SKUs from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2016 through 2025. Microsoft has released patches; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV, with EPSS estimating a modest 0.83% 30-day exploitation probability.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Win32k kernel-mode subsystem allows an authenticated low-privileged attacker to disclose sensitive kernel information and elevate to higher privileges on affected Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server (2012 through 2025) systems. Microsoft has released patches; SSVC rates technical impact as total but exploitation status as none, and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis. EPSS is low (0.50%, 39th percentile), consistent with a local-only, non-automatable flaw rather than mass-exploitable one.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Network File System (NFS) component allows an authenticated attacker to elevate to SYSTEM by triggering a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122). Reported by Microsoft and affecting a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012-2025 releases, with a vendor patch available via MSRC. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and no CISA KEV listing.
Information disclosure in Windows File Explorer exposes sensitive memory contents to local attackers due to CWE-908 use of an uninitialized resource. Triggered when a local user interacts with File Explorer, the flaw allows memory contents - potentially including sensitive data from other processes or the OS - to be read without elevated privileges. No public exploit code has been identified and CISA has not listed this in KEV, but the breadth of affected platforms (Windows 10 through 11 and Windows Server 2012 through 2025) makes patching broadly applicable.
Uninitialized memory exposure in the Microsoft Windows Codecs Library enables a local attacker to disclose sensitive process memory contents on affected Windows systems. The flaw (CWE-908) requires user interaction - specifically opening or processing a specially crafted media file - but demands no elevated privileges. No public exploit code exists and no active exploitation is confirmed; EPSS sits at 0.51% (40th percentile), consistent with SSVC's 'Exploitation: none' assessment, making this a medium-severity, low-urgency issue relative to the breadth of affected platforms.
Remote code execution in Microsoft's Windows Network File System (NFS) server role affects a broad range of Windows client and server builds from Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 10/11. An unauthenticated network attacker who wins a race condition in a shared NFS resource can execute arbitrary code on the target. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none; EPSS is low at 0.64% (47th percentile), consistent with the high attack complexity of racing the vulnerable code path.
Elevation of privilege in the Windows Network File System (NFS) component affects a broad range of Microsoft platforms - Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2, 25H2, 26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 - where an authorized attacker can win a time-of-check/time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition over the network to gain higher privileges. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:H/PR:L) indicates a network-reachable but high-complexity flaw requiring low-level existing privileges, with full high impact to confidentiality, integrity and availability. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV; a Microsoft (MSRC) patch is available.
Privilege escalation in the Windows Remote Access Service (RRAS) Infrastructure allows an authenticated attacker to elevate privileges over the network by triggering an integer overflow (CWE-190) in affected code paths. The flaw affects a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases (2012 R2 through 2025), and Microsoft has released a patch. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV, but the network-reachable EoP profile with only low privileges required makes it a meaningful patch priority.
Privilege escalation via a heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Network File System (NFS) role lets an authenticated, low-privileged network attacker send crafted requests to corrupt server heap memory and gain elevated privileges. Affected systems span Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 wherever the Server for NFS role is present. No public exploit was identified at time of analysis and the flaw is not in CISA KEV, but the 8.8 CVSS with a network-reachable, low-complexity, no-user-interaction profile makes it a meaningful patch priority on NFS hosts.
Local code execution in Microsoft Windows Terminal (shipped on Windows 10 21H2/22H2, Windows 11 24H2/25H2/26H1, and Windows Server 2022/2025) arises from an integer overflow (CWE-190) that an unauthorized attacker can trigger, but only after luring a logged-on user into interacting with malicious content. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the flaw is not in CISA KEV, so this is a defense-in-depth patch rather than an emergency, though the CVSS 7.8 reflects full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact once triggered. Microsoft has released a patch via the MSRC update guide.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows Kernel allows an authenticated attacker to elevate to SYSTEM by exploiting a use-after-free (CWE-416) memory corruption condition, spanning Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2016 through 2025. Reported by Microsoft with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.8 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N), the flaw grants full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact on the local system. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV; a vendor patch is available.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows Kernel (CWE-416 use-after-free) lets an already-authenticated low-privilege user corrupt kernel memory and gain SYSTEM-level control across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2016 through 2025 builds. Microsoft self-reported the flaw and has shipped a patch through the Update Guide; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV. With CVSS 7.8 (AV:L/PR:L) it is a classic Patch-Tuesday local EoP suitable as a second-stage primitive after initial access.
Local code execution in Microsoft Windows Media Foundation stems from a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) that lets an attacker run arbitrary code in the context of the exploiting process across a broad range of Windows client and server builds, from Windows 10 1607 and Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. Microsoft rates it CVSS 8.4 (AV:L) with total confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and CISA SSVC marks exploitation as none, while EPSS sits low at 0.48% (38th percentile).
Remote code execution in the Microsoft Windows network driver affects a broad range of Windows client and server builds (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025), where a race condition (CWE-362) in the shared network driver lets an unauthenticated network attacker who wins a timing window run arbitrary code with full system impact. Microsoft has shipped fixes and rates it 8.1 with high attack complexity; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and CISA SSVC lists exploitation status as none, though the flaw is assessed as automatable with total technical impact. The EPSS probability is low (1.00%, 59th percentile), consistent with the high-complexity, not-yet-exploited profile.
Information disclosure in Microsoft Windows Schannel (the Secure Channel TLS/SSL provider) lets an authenticated, network-adjacent attacker read memory beyond an allocated buffer and leak sensitive data across a network connection. The flaw spans nearly the entire supported Windows family - Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. Reported by Microsoft with a fix available; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Windows Win32K information disclosure on multiple Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases allows a locally authenticated low-privilege user to read sensitive kernel-level data that should be inaccessible to user-space processes. Rooted in CWE-200 (improper exposure of sensitive information), the flaw exposes confidentiality-impacting data via the Win32K graphical subsystem without requiring elevated rights or user interaction from another party. No public exploit code has been identified, CISA SSVC rates exploitation status as 'none,' and the EPSS score of 0.47% (38th percentile) confirms low near-term exploitation probability.