Windows Server 2016
Monthly
Out-of-bounds read in Windows GDI (Graphics Device Interface) exposes sensitive memory contents to local attackers across a wide range of Microsoft Windows desktop and server releases. When a user opens or previews a specially crafted file, the GDI subsystem reads beyond its intended buffer boundary (CWE-125), potentially leaking heap data or kernel address space layout pointers that can serve as ASLR-bypass primitives in chained exploit scenarios. No public exploit code has been identified and no CISA KEV listing exists; Microsoft has released patched builds for all affected versions.
Security feature bypass in Windows URL Moniker enables a remote, unauthenticated attacker to circumvent URL-based security controls across virtually all supported Windows versions from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1. Rooted in improper resolution of path equivalence (CWE-41), the flaw allows crafted URL representations to evade security filters that would otherwise block access to restricted resources. Exploitation requires user interaction per the CVSS vector (UI:R) and yields only limited confidentiality impact (C:L) with no integrity or availability effects; no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Information disclosure in the Windows Biometric Service exposes private personal information to locally authenticated, low-privilege attackers without requiring user interaction. The flaw, rooted in CWE-359, affects a broad swath of Windows versions from Server 2016 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025, giving an authenticated local user unauthorized read access to biometric-related PII managed by the service. Microsoft has released patches across all affected version lines. No public exploit or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Storage Spaces kernel driver (Spaceport.sys) enables kernel-mode code execution through a physical attack, affecting nearly every supported Windows desktop and server release. The flaw carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 6.8 with a physical attack vector, meaning an adversary must have hands-on access to the target hardware to trigger the overflow. Microsoft has issued patches covering Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 10 through Windows 11 26H2; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows Partition Management Driver exposes sensitive kernel memory to locally authenticated low-privileged users across a wide swath of Windows client and server releases, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. Exploitation is strictly local and requires an authorized user account, limiting blast radius to post-compromise or insider-threat scenarios. No public exploit code exists and SSVC classifies exploitation status as none, making this a lower operational priority despite the formally high confidentiality impact rating.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Installer (msiexec) enables local privilege escalation across a broad range of Microsoft Windows client and server releases. An attacker with high-privileged local access can exploit this CWE-122 flaw to achieve full system-level code execution - compromising confidentiality, integrity, and availability - making it a post-exploitation escalation primitive. Vendor-released patches are available; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing is identified at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation via a double-free memory corruption bug in Windows Failover Cluster affects multiple Windows Server editions from Server 2012 through Server 2025, as well as Windows 10 versions 1607 and 1809. An authorized local attacker already holding high privileges can exploit heap corruption triggered by the double-free condition to achieve full confidentiality, integrity, and availability compromise of the affected system. No public exploit code has been identified and no CISA KEV listing exists; a vendor-released patch is available through the Microsoft Security Response Center.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows NTFS kernel driver allows an unauthenticated attacker with physical access to execute arbitrary code at kernel privilege on affected systems. The vulnerability spans nearly every supported Windows release from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025, and is triggered when the NTFS driver processes a specially crafted volume attached by an adversary. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches through its standard update channel.
Uninitialized kernel memory exposure in the Windows Win32 Kernel Subsystem allows a local low-privileged attacker to read sensitive memory contents from the kernel address space. Exploitation requires only a valid local account and no user interaction, making it accessible to any authenticated user on affected Windows endpoints and servers. The vulnerability spans an exceptionally wide range of Microsoft Windows releases - from Windows 10 version 1607 and Windows Server 2012 through the latest Windows 11 and Windows Server 2025 builds - and is remediated via the July 2026 Microsoft security update cycle. No public exploit or KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows Search Component allows a local low-privileged authenticated user to disclose sensitive memory contents on the affected host. The flaw (CWE-125) spans an exceptionally broad Windows footprint, covering every major release from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. Microsoft has released patches across all affected branches; no active exploitation or public proof-of-concept has been identified at time of analysis.
Denial-of-service in Windows DNS Server allows unauthenticated network attackers to crash or hang the DNS service via a race condition in concurrent request handling. The vulnerability spans a broad range of Windows Server versions from Server 2012 through Server 2025, making it relevant across many enterprise environments. No public exploit exists and SSVC rates exploitation as none with non-automatable attack path, but successful exploitation would disrupt name resolution for all clients depending on the affected server.
Out-of-bounds read in Windows Spaceport.sys (the kernel-mode port driver for the Windows Storage Spaces subsystem) allows a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to disclose kernel memory contents under high-complexity conditions. The vulnerability spans virtually all supported Windows releases - from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025 - making the patch surface extremely wide. Microsoft has released fixes for all affected versions; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) in the Windows DHCP Server service enables an authorized local attacker with administrative privileges to execute arbitrary code on affected Windows Server systems. The vulnerability spans Windows Server 2012 through 2025 as well as Windows 10 versions 1607 and 1809, and requires that the DHCP Server role be installed and running. Microsoft has released patches via the standard Windows Update channel; no public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis.
Windows Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN) Service on multiple Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server editions contains an out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) that allows a locally authenticated low-privileged user to disclose sensitive contents from the service's memory. The flaw resides in the WWAN service process - responsible for managing mobile broadband connectivity - and affects system confidentiality without granting write access or code execution capability. Microsoft has released patched builds across all affected editions; no public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis.
Uninitialized kernel memory in Win32K (win32k.sys) enables local attackers with standard user privileges to read sensitive kernel memory contents on affected Windows systems. The vulnerability spans virtually all currently supported Windows client and server releases, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 11 25H2/26H1. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though Win32K info-leaks of this class are routinely chained with privilege escalation exploits to defeat kernel address space layout randomization (KASLR).
Denial of service in the Windows iSCSI Target Service affects authenticated network users on Windows Server 2012 through 2025 and Windows 10 versions 1607 and 1809. An authorized low-privileged attacker can send a crafted network request that triggers an uncaught exception (CWE-248) in the iSCSI Target Service process, causing the service to terminate and disrupting storage connectivity for all iSCSI initiators connected to that target. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches covering all affected Windows versions.
Sensitive kernel information is exposed to low-privileged local users through a CWE-497 flaw in the Windows Win32K graphics subsystem, confirmed by Microsoft's own security team (secure@microsoft.com). The scope-changed CVSS vector (S:C/C:H) indicates the leaked data originates from the kernel security boundary, making this a classic KASLR-defeat primitive that threat actors chain with separate privilege-escalation exploits to achieve full system compromise. No public exploit code has been identified and the vulnerability is absent from the CISA KEV catalog; vendor patches covering every supported Windows release are available.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows Win32K kernel graphics driver allows a local, low-privileged user to disclose sensitive kernel memory contents without requiring elevated rights or user interaction. The flaw spans a wide range of Microsoft Windows desktop and server releases, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025, making the exposure surface broad. Microsoft has released patched builds through its standard update cycle; no public exploit code has been identified and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV at time of analysis.
Windows Kernel information disclosure affects virtually the entire active Windows ecosystem - from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025 - enabling a low-privileged network attacker to obtain sensitive system-level information when a target user is induced to take a specific action. The flaw (CWE-497) involves the kernel exposing restricted internal data to an unauthorized control sphere over the network, producing high confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability effect. Microsoft has released patches across all affected versions; no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Out-of-bounds read in Windows DHCP Server enables an adjacent-network attacker with low privileges to crash the DHCP service, denying network address configuration to clients on the affected subnet. The flaw spans Windows Server 2012 through 2025, plus select Windows 10 builds, and carries a CVSS 5.7 Medium rating reflecting its adjacency constraint and authentication requirement. Microsoft has issued patches; no public exploit code or active exploitation via CISA KEV has been identified.
Out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) in the Windows DHCP Server service allows an authorized adjacent-network attacker to crash the DHCP service, causing a denial of service that disrupts IP address assignment for all clients depending on that server. The vulnerability affects a broad swath of Windows Server releases from 2012 through 2025 with the DHCP Server role installed. No public exploit code or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches addressing all affected build lines.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows Remote Desktop Licensing Service enables a locally authenticated user to disclose sensitive memory contents on affected systems. The vulnerability spans a broad range of Windows versions from Server 2012 through Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 client builds, all covered under Microsoft's patch release. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis; with a CVSS of 5.5 and local-only attack vector, this is a moderate-severity information disclosure without integrity or availability impact.
Out-of-bounds memory read in Windows Remote Desktop Services (CWE-125) exposes arbitrary memory contents to a locally authenticated low-privileged attacker across virtually all supported Windows client and server releases. Affected versions span from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025, making this one of Microsoft's broadest-surface patch-cycle disclosures. No public exploit code or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches for all affected version branches.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows NTFS kernel driver enables an unauthenticated attacker with physical device access to execute arbitrary code at kernel privilege level. Affected products span virtually the entire supported Windows ecosystem from Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 11 26H1. Microsoft has released patched builds across all affected versions; no active exploitation has been identified (not in CISA KEV) and no public proof-of-concept exploit is known at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows RNDIS (Remote Network Driver Interface Specification) driver allows a physically present, unauthenticated attacker to disclose heap memory contents. Exploitation requires direct physical access to the target device, as the attacker must connect a malicious USB RNDIS device to trigger the overflow. No public exploit code has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV, making real-world risk low outside of targeted physical attacks.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows USB Mass Storage Class Driver exposes kernel memory to locally authenticated attackers across a broad swath of Windows releases, from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. The CWE-125 flaw allows an authorized low-privilege user to read beyond an allocated buffer in the driver, potentially leaking sensitive memory contents including kernel addresses or credentials cached in driver memory. No public exploit code or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at time of analysis, though Microsoft has released patches across all affected build trains.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows NTFS kernel driver (ntfs.sys) exposes kernel or process memory to a locally authenticated low-privilege attacker across a wide range of Windows client and server releases, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. The vulnerability (CWE-125) is triggered locally without requiring user interaction, and the CVSS vector confirms confidentiality impact is high while integrity and availability are unaffected. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patched builds via its cumulative update channel.
Memory exhaustion in the Windows DHCP Server role across Windows Server 2012 through 2025 allows a low-privileged network-authenticated attacker to crash or render the DHCP service unresponsive, denying IP address assignment to all network clients. The root cause (CWE-401) is a failure to release allocated memory after its effective lifetime during DHCP request processing, enabling gradual heap exhaustion. Microsoft has released patches for all affected builds; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing exists at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation via out-of-bounds read in the Windows USB Mass Storage Class Driver affects virtually every supported Windows release, from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1. An attacker with physical access to the target machine can connect a specially crafted USB storage device to trigger the kernel-mode memory flaw, potentially achieving complete system compromise (C:H/I:H/A:H per CVSS). No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches covering all affected version branches.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows kernel-mode USB driver stack allows a locally authenticated low-privilege attacker to disclose arbitrary kernel memory contents on virtually every supported Windows release from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1. The CVSS 5.5 vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N) reflects straightforward local exploitation with high confidentiality impact but no integrity or availability loss. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing is identified at time of analysis; a vendor-released patch is available from Microsoft.
Privilege escalation in Windows DHCP Server allows an already-authorized (high-privilege) network attacker to gain further elevated privileges by exploiting a missing authentication check on a critical server function (CWE-306). The vulnerability spans nearly every supported Windows Server release from 2012 through 2025, as well as Windows 10 1607/1809. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has issued patches across all affected builds.
Sensitive kernel-level system information is exposed to an unauthorized control sphere in the Windows Kernel, enabling any low-privileged local user to read data they should not have access to - a classic KASLR-defeating information disclosure. The flaw (CWE-497) spans an exceptionally wide range of affected platforms, from Windows 10 Version 1607 and Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. No public exploit code or CISA KEV entry exists at time of analysis, but this class of kernel information disclosure is routinely chained with privilege-escalation exploits to defeat kernel address randomization.
Memory exhaustion in Windows DHCP Server enables an authorized attacker on the adjacent network to crash or degrade the DHCP service via repeated triggering of a CWE-401 memory leak. The vulnerability affects the Windows Server DHCP Server role across Windows Server 2012 through 2025, including Server Core installations. Exploitation requires low-privilege adjacency and results exclusively in availability loss - no confidentiality or integrity impact. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; vendor patch is available.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows Overlay Filter (WOF) kernel driver allows a locally authenticated low-privilege attacker to disclose kernel memory contents across virtually all supported Windows desktop and server releases, from Windows Server 2012 R2 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. The flaw (CWE-125) requires no user interaction and carries high confidentiality impact, making it a viable KASLR-bypass or sensitive-data-leak primitive in a multi-stage local privilege escalation chain. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches for all affected versions.
Windows DHCP Server on multiple Windows Server versions stores passwords in a recoverable format (CWE-257), enabling an authenticated low-privileged network attacker to extract those credentials over the network. The impact is a pure confidentiality breach - passwords held by the DHCP Server service can be recovered without cracking, potentially enabling lateral movement or privilege escalation through credential reuse. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches addressing the flaw across the full affected version matrix.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows USB Audio Class driver (usbaudio.sys) allows a local low-privileged attacker to disclose kernel-mode memory contents. The vulnerability spans a wide swath of Windows releases - from Windows 10 1607 and Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025 - making patch surface operationally broad. Microsoft has released fixes via the standard update channel; no public exploit code and no active exploitation have been confirmed at time of analysis.
Buffer over-read in the Windows NTFS filesystem driver allows a local low-privileged authenticated attacker to disclose sensitive information from kernel or process memory without modifying system state. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) confirms this is a local, low-complexity attack requiring only standard user privileges. No active exploitation has been observed (not in CISA KEV), and no public proof-of-concept exploit is identified at time of analysis. Microsoft has released patches covering the full range of affected Windows client and server versions.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows NTFS kernel driver enables an unauthenticated attacker with physical access to execute arbitrary code at kernel privilege level. The vulnerability (CWE-122) affects virtually the entire Windows product family from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025, requiring no credentials or user interaction beyond physical presence at the target machine. No public exploit or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches across all affected version branches.
Windows Defender Firewall Service on a broad range of Windows client and server editions exposes protected files or directories to low-privileged local attackers (CWE-552), enabling sensitive information disclosure. A local attacker holding a standard user account can access firewall service files - potentially including policy configuration, rule data, or service-level secrets - that should be restricted to privileged processes. Microsoft has released patches across the full affected version range; no public exploit has been identified at the time of analysis.
Symlink following in Windows UPnP Device Host (upnphost) allows a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to redirect the service's file access operations through crafted symbolic links or junctions, disclosing the contents of otherwise inaccessible files. The vulnerability spans an unusually wide set of affected Windows releases - from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025 - indicating a systemic deficiency in how the UPnP host service resolves paths before file access. Microsoft has released corrective patches; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Path traversal in Windows PowerShell (CWE-22) enables network-based security feature bypass across virtually all supported Windows releases, from Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 11 26H2. The flaw allows an unauthenticated remote attacker - contingent on user interaction - to write files outside a restricted directory, circumventing a Windows security boundary with high integrity impact and no direct confidentiality or availability consequence. No active exploitation is confirmed in CISA KEV and no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, though the broad affected surface across all major Windows versions warrants prompt patching.
Privilege escalation in Windows DNS affects a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases through a numeric truncation error (CWE-197) in the DNS component. An authorized local attacker already holding high-privilege credentials can exploit this flaw to achieve full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability on the affected host. Microsoft has released patched builds across all affected version lines; no public exploit code exists and no active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation in the Windows DNS service affects a broad range of Windows client and server versions from Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 across all major feature releases. The vulnerability stems from a numeric truncation error (CWE-122, heap-based buffer overflow) that an already-privileged local attacker can trigger to gain elevated access beyond their current privilege level. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing are present at time of analysis, but Microsoft has released patches across all affected product lines.
Local privilege escalation in Windows DNS affects a broad range of Windows client and server operating systems, enabling an already-authenticated local attacker to gain elevated privileges on the target system. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) indicates the attacker requires high existing privileges - consistent with the description's reference to an 'authorized attacker' - yet can achieve full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact post-exploitation. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and the vulnerability does not appear in the CISA KEV catalog; a vendor-released patch is available via Microsoft's Update Guide.
Information disclosure via a buffer over-read in the Windows SMB Client component affects a broad spectrum of Microsoft Windows desktop and server editions, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 25H2. An attacker who controls a malicious SMB server and induces a target Windows user to connect to it can trigger the client to read beyond allocated memory buffer boundaries, leaking potentially sensitive process memory contents across the network. SSVC rates exploitation status as none and no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, though the high confidentiality impact (C:H) and the near-universal deployment footprint of the Windows SMB Client make this a meaningful routine patch priority.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows NTFS kernel driver (CWE-125) allows a low-privileged local attacker to disclose potentially sensitive kernel memory contents across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server editions from Server 2012 through Server 2025. The CVSS vector confirms local-only exploitability with low privilege requirements and no user interaction needed, yielding high confidentiality impact but no integrity or availability consequence. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis; however, the breadth of affected versions across both consumer and enterprise Windows releases makes timely patching critical for any organization with a Windows estate.
Windows GDI (Graphics Device Interface) exposes an out-of-bounds read flaw exploitable by any locally authenticated, low-privileged user across a broad span of Windows releases - from Windows 10 Version 1607 and Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. Successful exploitation yields high-confidence memory disclosure (C:H per CVSS), enabling an attacker to read memory contents beyond the intended GDI buffer boundary, potentially exposing credentials, session material, or cryptographic data. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis; however, the low attack complexity and extremely wide platform coverage make this a high-priority routine patch-cycle item.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows NTFS filesystem driver exposes kernel memory contents to local authenticated attackers across a wide range of Windows client and server releases, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. Exploitation requires only a low-privileged local account (CVSS PR:L, AV:L), yielding high confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability consequence. No public exploit code exists and SSVC exploitation status is confirmed 'none', though the broad platform footprint and low-privilege bar make this a meaningful patch priority for multi-user and shared-access environments.
Privilege escalation in Windows DNS across a wide range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases exploits a numeric truncation error (CWE-122, heap-based buffer overflow) to allow an authorized local attacker with high privileges to fully compromise the vulnerable system. Affected builds span from Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 11 26H1, with vendor-supplied patches now available from Microsoft MSRC. SSVC assessment confirms no current exploitation activity and the vulnerability is not automatable, though technical impact is rated total across confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
Privilege escalation in Windows DNS across a broad range of Microsoft Windows releases stems from a numeric truncation error (CWE-122) that produces a heap-based buffer overflow, enabling an already high-privileged local attacker to escalate further - likely to SYSTEM level. The vulnerability spans Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 consumer editions, representing a wide patching surface. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA SSVC confirms exploitation status as none with no automatable attack path, though technical impact is rated total.
Integer underflow in the Windows DHCP Server service exposes adjacent-network unauthenticated attackers to high-confidentiality memory disclosure across a broad range of Windows Server releases from 2012 through 2025, plus Windows 10 1607 and 1809. The root cause (CWE-125 out-of-bounds read triggered by arithmetic underflow) allows a crafted DHCP packet to cause the server to read and return memory beyond the intended buffer boundary. No active exploitation is confirmed (not in CISA KEV) and SSVC rates exploitation status as none; a vendor patch is available via the Microsoft Security Response Center.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows NTFS driver exposes sensitive memory contents to locally authenticated attackers across a wide range of Microsoft Windows and Windows Server releases. The flaw (CWE-125) allows a low-privileged local user to read kernel or process memory beyond intended boundaries, resulting in information disclosure with high confidentiality impact but no integrity or availability consequences. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none with partial technical impact.
Information disclosure in the Windows NTFS filesystem driver allows a local low-privileged attacker to read beyond buffer boundaries and expose sensitive memory contents. Affecting virtually every supported Windows desktop and server release - from Windows 10 1607 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 11 26H1 - the vulnerability requires only a standard local user account and no special configuration, making it a realistic threat in multi-tenant, shared, or cloud environments where local access is granted to semi-trusted users. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches across all affected product lines.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows Win32K kernel graphics subsystem allows any locally authenticated low-privilege user to disclose sensitive kernel memory contents without user interaction. The flaw spans an exceptionally broad range of affected Windows versions, from Server 2012 through Windows 11 25H2, significantly widening enterprise exposure. No active exploitation has been confirmed in CISA KEV and no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, though kernel memory disclosure from Win32K is strategically valuable as a KASLR-bypass primitive in chained privilege escalation attacks.
Windows DNS Server on a broad range of Windows and Windows Server editions contains a heap-based buffer overflow rooted in a numeric truncation error, enabling an authorized local attacker with high-privilege access to escalate privileges on the affected system. Affected platforms span Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 across multiple feature versions, with Microsoft confirming full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact upon successful exploitation. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis; SSVC classifies exploitation status as none and automatable as no, and Microsoft has released patches addressed in the MSRC advisory.
Authentication bypass in Windows Schannel allows a network-based attacker to circumvent cryptographic signature validation, achieving high-integrity impact without requiring prior privileges. Schannel, Microsoft's TLS/SSL security provider, fails to properly verify cryptographic signatures - tagged as a JWT attack vector - enabling forged or malformed tokens to pass validation and bypass security feature enforcement. No active exploitation is confirmed (SSVC: exploitation=none; not listed in CISA KEV), and the high attack complexity and required user interaction constrain opportunistic mass exploitation despite the broad Windows version footprint.
Tampering via partial string comparison in the Windows HTTP Protocol Stack (http.sys) exposes a broad range of Windows client and server editions to integrity compromise by unauthenticated adjacent-network attackers. Affected platforms span Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025, with Microsoft tagging the issue as an authentication bypass rooted in CWE-187. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patched builds across all affected product lines.
Information disclosure in Windows Win32K affects a broad range of Microsoft Windows client and server operating systems, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. A locally authenticated low-privilege user can trigger a buffer over-read (CWE-126) in the Win32K kernel-mode subsystem, causing the kernel to return out-of-bounds memory contents to user space. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA SSVC rates exploitation status as none with partial technical impact, though the kernel information disclosure primitive carries chaining risk for privilege escalation.
Integer underflow (CWE-125) in the Windows DHCP Server service exposes server memory contents to unauthenticated attackers positioned on the same adjacent network segment. Affecting Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025 (confirmed by ENISA EUVD-2026-56370), the flaw allows crafted DHCP packets to trigger an out-of-bounds read, resulting in high-confidence confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability consequences. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA SSVC rates exploitation status as none with partial technical impact - a vendor patch is available via Microsoft MSRC.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows Win32K kernel graphics subsystem exposes kernel memory contents to a locally authenticated low-privilege attacker across a wide swath of Windows desktop and server releases, from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. The impact is strictly information disclosure - high confidentiality loss with no integrity or availability effect - making this most practically useful as a KASLR-bypass building block in a multi-stage local privilege escalation chain. No public exploit or active exploitation has been identified; SSVC classifies exploitation status as none and technical impact as partial.
Integer underflow in the Windows DHCP Server service exposes out-of-bounds memory to unauthenticated attackers on the adjacent network, enabling high-impact information disclosure across multiple Windows Server generations from 2012 through 2025. The CVSS vector (AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) confirms exploitation requires no credentials and no user interaction, only Layer 2 or broadcast-domain adjacency to a host running the DHCP Server role. Microsoft has released patches for all affected builds; no public exploit code has been identified and the vulnerability does not appear in CISA KEV at time of analysis.
Windows Imaging Component (WIC) across a broad span of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases contains an uninitialized memory read flaw (CWE-908) that an authorized local user with low privileges can exploit to disclose sensitive information from process memory. The CVSS vector (AV:L/PR:L/C:H/I:N/A:N) confirms this is strictly a local, low-privilege information disclosure with no network attack surface and no integrity or availability impact. No public exploit code has been identified and this CVE is not listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog; a vendor-released patch is confirmed via the Microsoft MSRC advisory.
Out-of-bounds read in Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) enables a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to disclose potentially sensitive information from process memory. Affecting a broad sweep of Windows client and server releases from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1, the flaw is rooted in a memory safety defect in the WMI subsystem (CWE-125). No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released corrective updates across all affected product lines.
Windows Wired AutoConfig Service (dot3svc) exposes a buffer over-read (CWE-126) that allows a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to read beyond allocated memory boundaries and disclose potentially sensitive information from adjacent memory. Affected scope spans virtually the entire modern Windows ecosystem - from Windows 10 1607 and Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025 - making patch surface broad despite the local-only attack vector. No public exploit code has been identified and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none at time of analysis, placing this squarely in the routine patching tier rather than emergency response.
Information disclosure in Windows DHCP Server across six major Windows Server generations exposes heap or stack memory contents to unauthenticated adjacent-network attackers via an integer underflow defect. The vulnerability affects all Windows Server editions from 2012 through 2025 that have the DHCP Server role installed and running, with exploitation constrained to Layer 2 adjacency rather than the open internet. A vendor-released patch is available from Microsoft MSRC; no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Information disclosure via integer underflow in the Windows DHCP Server service exposes server process memory to unauthenticated attackers on the same network segment, affecting Windows Server 2012 through 2025 and Windows 10 versions 1607 and 1809 where the DHCP Server role is installed. The root cause is a CWE-125 out-of-bounds read triggered when an integer underflows and wraps around, causing DHCP packet-processing code to read memory outside intended bounds and potentially return it in a server response. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA's SSVC framework rates exploitation as none with partial technical impact, indicating contained but real risk requiring timely patching.
Integer underflow (CWE-125, out-of-bounds read) in the Windows DHCP Server service allows an unauthenticated attacker on an adjacent network segment to disclose sensitive memory contents. Affected systems span Windows Server 2012 through 2025 and certain Windows 10 builds running the DHCP Server role. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and a vendor patch is available via Microsoft's July 2026 update cycle.
Out-of-bounds memory read in the Windows DHCP Server service exposes sensitive server memory to unauthenticated attackers on the adjacent network. The root cause is an integer underflow (CWE-125) in DHCP packet processing, where a miscalculated length or index wraps around, causing the service to read and potentially return memory beyond intended buffer boundaries. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches across all affected Windows Server versions via the August 2026 Patch Tuesday cycle.
Information disclosure in the Windows DHCP Server service allows unauthenticated attackers on adjacent network segments to read out-of-bounds server memory via a malformed DHCP request that triggers an integer underflow. Affected builds span Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025, as well as Windows 10 versions 1607 and 1809, making the version footprint unusually wide for a single service-role flaw. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and CISA's SSVC framework rates exploitation as none with non-automatable characteristics, though the high confidentiality impact and the breadth of affected builds warrant prompt patching.
Windows GDI+ (Graphics Device Interface Plus) exposes uninitialized memory contents to local low-privileged attackers across a broad range of Windows desktop and server releases, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1. The root cause is CWE-908 (use of uninitialized resource), where a graphics operation returns memory that has not been zeroed or populated, potentially leaking sensitive in-memory data. No active exploitation is confirmed and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none; however, the wide affected surface and high confidentiality impact make this a priority patch in shared-access environments such as RDP or VDI deployments.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Universal Disk Format File System Driver (UDFS) enables kernel-level code execution through physical insertion of maliciously crafted UDF media, affecting every supported Windows client and server release from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1. The physical attack vector (AV:P) is the dominant risk constraint - a vendor patch is available from Microsoft and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, though the breadth of affected builds and the kernel execution context make this high priority in environments where physical access is not strictly controlled.
Cleartext storage of sensitive credentials in Windows Hello exposes authentication material to local tampering by authorized but low-privileged attackers across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. The flaw, rooted in CWE-312, means that sensitive data used by the Windows Hello subsystem is persisted without adequate encryption, enabling an attacker with local access to modify it and undermine the integrity of the authentication mechanism. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none with non-automatable attack paths.
Information disclosure in Windows Remote Desktop Client across nearly all supported Windows versions exposes client-side memory contents to a network-based attacker who controls a malicious RDP server. The flaw is an out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) triggered when the client parses crafted server-sent protocol data, resulting in high confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability consequence. No public exploit code exists and CISA has not added this to KEV; however, the breadth of affected Windows versions - from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 - makes patch prioritization important for organizations permitting outbound RDP connections to untrusted hosts.
Remote code execution via race condition in Windows DNS affects authorized, high-privileged attackers across a broad range of Windows Server and Windows client versions. The CWE-362 race condition allows an attacker who already holds elevated credentials to exploit concurrent shared-resource access in the DNS service, achieving full code execution (C:H/I:H/A:H) over the network. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing is identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches; the PR:H and AC:H constraints substantially limit realistic exploitation.
Windows Hyper-V across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases contains a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) that enables a locally authenticated low-privileged attacker to disclose confidential memory contents. The CVSS vector (AV:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N) constrains the attack to local access with required user interaction and produces no integrity or availability impact. No public exploit has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog at the time of analysis.
Information disclosure in Windows Graphics Device Interface (GDI) via an untrusted pointer dereference exposes sensitive memory contents to a local low-privileged attacker across virtually all supported Windows client and server releases. The vulnerability (CWE-822) allows an authorized local user to trigger a controlled pointer dereference within GDI's rendering subsystem, resulting in high-impact confidentiality loss with no integrity or availability effect. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the breadth of affected versions - spanning Windows 10 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2012 through Server 2025 - makes this a broad-footprint patching concern.
Buffer over-read in the Windows NTFS kernel driver enables a physically present attacker to disclose sensitive memory contents without authentication across a broad range of Windows client and server versions from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. The attack vector is strictly physical (confirmed by CVSS AV:P), confining the threat to scenarios where an adversary has direct hands-on access to the target hardware. No public exploit code has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog; Microsoft has released patches via the MSRC update guide.
Information disclosure in the Windows Event Logging Service exposes high-confidentiality data to any locally authenticated attacker via a CWE-126 buffer over-read, with no code execution possible. The vulnerability spans an exceptionally broad surface: every supported Windows client and server release from Windows Server 2012 and Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025 is affected. Microsoft has released patched builds via its monthly update cycle; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, keeping real-world urgency moderate despite the wide footprint.
Remote Registry Service denial of service in Microsoft Windows allows network-authenticated attackers to crash the service via a crafted RPC request triggering a null pointer dereference. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) confirms that any domain or local account with network access to the service is sufficient for exploitation - no elevated privileges required. No public exploit code has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV at time of analysis.
Null pointer dereference in the Windows Remote Registry Service enables an authenticated network attacker to crash the service, resulting in denial of availability for remote registry operations across a broad range of Microsoft platforms. Affected builds span Windows 10/11 consumer releases and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025, representing the near-entirety of Microsoft's currently supported Windows footprint. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and CISA's SSVC framework rates exploitation as 'none' with partial technical impact, positioning this as a standard patch-cycle priority rather than an out-of-band emergency.
Windows Event Logging Service on multiple Windows desktop and server versions exposes uninitialized memory contents to locally authenticated attackers via CWE-908, enabling information disclosure without elevated privileges or user interaction. The CVSS vector (AV:L/PR:L/C:H) confirms that an authorized local user can trigger the flaw to read stale memory that may contain sensitive data from other processes or OS operations. No public exploit exists and CISA SSVC rates current exploitation as none, but the breadth of affected Windows versions - spanning Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 - makes patch prioritization worthwhile for any environment with untrusted local users.
Uninitialized resource use in Microsoft COM for Windows enables a locally authenticated attacker to read sensitive memory contents, constituting a high-confidence information disclosure. Affected systems span virtually the entire supported Windows ecosystem, from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. No public exploit exists at time of analysis and SSVC assessment rates exploitation as none, though the breadth of affected platforms elevates patching urgency.
Information disclosure in the Microsoft Windows Search Component allows a locally authenticated low-privileged attacker to bypass weak authentication controls and access sensitive indexed content outside their authorized scope. Affected systems span Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 across all current supported versions, representing an exceptionally broad exposure surface. No public exploit code has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV, though the ubiquitous deployment footprint of Windows makes timely patching a priority for all organizations.
Information disclosure in AMD Zen processor microarchitecture, surfaced through Windows system software, enables a local low-privileged attacker to read high-sensitivity data across security boundaries. The CVSS Scope Changed metric (S:C) combined with C:H and the AMD Zen tag strongly suggests a microarchitectural side-channel capable of leaking data from outside the attacker's security context - a pattern consistent with speculative execution or cache-based cross-boundary leakage. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA SSVC rates exploitation status as none; however, the breadth of affected Windows versions (Server 2012 R2 through Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 across all supported channels) gives this a wide potential exposure surface on AMD Zen-equipped systems.
Information disclosure in AMD Zen processors on Windows allows a locally authenticated low-privileged attacker to read sensitive memory contents across security boundaries via a high-complexity microarchitectural technique. Affecting Windows versions from Windows 10 1607 to Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2012 R2 through Server 2025, this vulnerability was reported by Microsoft's security team (secure@microsoft.com) and carries a CVSS 5.6 medium score with Scope:Changed (S:C) indicating the attacker can cross a privilege boundary to reach data outside their own security context. No public exploit code exists and the vulnerability is absent from the CISA KEV catalog, though vendor-released patches are confirmed available via MSRC.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows Encrypting File System (EFS) driver exposes sensitive memory contents to any locally authenticated attacker holding standard user privileges. Affected systems span the entire modern Windows ecosystem - from Windows 10 1607 and Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025 - making the patch surface extremely broad. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, though the combination of a low-complexity local attack and high confidentiality impact warrants prompt patching on systems where EFS is actively used.
Windows Boot Loader across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 omits a required cryptographic integrity step (CWE-325), enabling a locally authenticated attacker to bypass boot-time security features. The CVSS vector (AV:L/PR:L) confirms exploitation requires an existing local foothold - remote unauthenticated attacks are not possible. No active exploitation is recorded (SSVC: none, EPSS 0.23%), but SSVC rates technical impact as total, reflecting that a successful boot-level security bypass can undermine the entire trusted boot chain and enable persistent pre-OS compromise.
Windows Kernel security feature bypass across Windows 10, 11, and Server 2012 through 2025 allows a local authenticated attacker to circumvent kernel-enforced access controls, resulting in high-confidence disclosure of sensitive information (C:H). Rooted in CWE-284 (Improper Access Control), the flaw enables a privilege-constrained local user to read protected data beyond their authorization boundary. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis; EPSS sits at 0.25% (16th percentile) and SSVC assigns exploitation status 'none,' consistently characterizing this as a standard patch-cycle priority rather than an emergency response item.
Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) across a broad range of Windows 10, 11, and Server editions discloses potentially sensitive memory contents over the network due to an uninitialized resource flaw (CWE-908), exploitable by remote unauthenticated attackers when a user interacts with an RDP session. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N) indicates network-wide reachability with no attacker privilege requirement, though mandatory user interaction (UI:R) prevents automated mass exploitation. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; EPSS at 0.51% (40th percentile) and SSVC exploitation status of 'none' confirm low current threat activity despite Windows RDP's ubiquitous enterprise attack surface.
Information disclosure via uninitialized resource use in Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) exposes sensitive memory contents to authenticated remote attackers across a wide range of Microsoft Windows desktop and server editions. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) confirms this is exploitable over the network by any low-privileged authenticated user with no complexity or interaction requirements, yielding high confidentiality impact. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the low barrier to exploitation and the ubiquitous deployment of Windows RDP make this a meaningful patching priority.
Out-of-bounds read in Windows GDI (Graphics Device Interface) exposes sensitive memory contents to local attackers across a wide range of Microsoft Windows desktop and server releases. When a user opens or previews a specially crafted file, the GDI subsystem reads beyond its intended buffer boundary (CWE-125), potentially leaking heap data or kernel address space layout pointers that can serve as ASLR-bypass primitives in chained exploit scenarios. No public exploit code has been identified and no CISA KEV listing exists; Microsoft has released patched builds for all affected versions.
Security feature bypass in Windows URL Moniker enables a remote, unauthenticated attacker to circumvent URL-based security controls across virtually all supported Windows versions from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1. Rooted in improper resolution of path equivalence (CWE-41), the flaw allows crafted URL representations to evade security filters that would otherwise block access to restricted resources. Exploitation requires user interaction per the CVSS vector (UI:R) and yields only limited confidentiality impact (C:L) with no integrity or availability effects; no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Information disclosure in the Windows Biometric Service exposes private personal information to locally authenticated, low-privilege attackers without requiring user interaction. The flaw, rooted in CWE-359, affects a broad swath of Windows versions from Server 2016 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025, giving an authenticated local user unauthorized read access to biometric-related PII managed by the service. Microsoft has released patches across all affected version lines. No public exploit or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Storage Spaces kernel driver (Spaceport.sys) enables kernel-mode code execution through a physical attack, affecting nearly every supported Windows desktop and server release. The flaw carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 6.8 with a physical attack vector, meaning an adversary must have hands-on access to the target hardware to trigger the overflow. Microsoft has issued patches covering Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 10 through Windows 11 26H2; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows Partition Management Driver exposes sensitive kernel memory to locally authenticated low-privileged users across a wide swath of Windows client and server releases, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. Exploitation is strictly local and requires an authorized user account, limiting blast radius to post-compromise or insider-threat scenarios. No public exploit code exists and SSVC classifies exploitation status as none, making this a lower operational priority despite the formally high confidentiality impact rating.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Installer (msiexec) enables local privilege escalation across a broad range of Microsoft Windows client and server releases. An attacker with high-privileged local access can exploit this CWE-122 flaw to achieve full system-level code execution - compromising confidentiality, integrity, and availability - making it a post-exploitation escalation primitive. Vendor-released patches are available; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing is identified at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation via a double-free memory corruption bug in Windows Failover Cluster affects multiple Windows Server editions from Server 2012 through Server 2025, as well as Windows 10 versions 1607 and 1809. An authorized local attacker already holding high privileges can exploit heap corruption triggered by the double-free condition to achieve full confidentiality, integrity, and availability compromise of the affected system. No public exploit code has been identified and no CISA KEV listing exists; a vendor-released patch is available through the Microsoft Security Response Center.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows NTFS kernel driver allows an unauthenticated attacker with physical access to execute arbitrary code at kernel privilege on affected systems. The vulnerability spans nearly every supported Windows release from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025, and is triggered when the NTFS driver processes a specially crafted volume attached by an adversary. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches through its standard update channel.
Uninitialized kernel memory exposure in the Windows Win32 Kernel Subsystem allows a local low-privileged attacker to read sensitive memory contents from the kernel address space. Exploitation requires only a valid local account and no user interaction, making it accessible to any authenticated user on affected Windows endpoints and servers. The vulnerability spans an exceptionally wide range of Microsoft Windows releases - from Windows 10 version 1607 and Windows Server 2012 through the latest Windows 11 and Windows Server 2025 builds - and is remediated via the July 2026 Microsoft security update cycle. No public exploit or KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows Search Component allows a local low-privileged authenticated user to disclose sensitive memory contents on the affected host. The flaw (CWE-125) spans an exceptionally broad Windows footprint, covering every major release from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. Microsoft has released patches across all affected branches; no active exploitation or public proof-of-concept has been identified at time of analysis.
Denial-of-service in Windows DNS Server allows unauthenticated network attackers to crash or hang the DNS service via a race condition in concurrent request handling. The vulnerability spans a broad range of Windows Server versions from Server 2012 through Server 2025, making it relevant across many enterprise environments. No public exploit exists and SSVC rates exploitation as none with non-automatable attack path, but successful exploitation would disrupt name resolution for all clients depending on the affected server.
Out-of-bounds read in Windows Spaceport.sys (the kernel-mode port driver for the Windows Storage Spaces subsystem) allows a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to disclose kernel memory contents under high-complexity conditions. The vulnerability spans virtually all supported Windows releases - from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025 - making the patch surface extremely wide. Microsoft has released fixes for all affected versions; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) in the Windows DHCP Server service enables an authorized local attacker with administrative privileges to execute arbitrary code on affected Windows Server systems. The vulnerability spans Windows Server 2012 through 2025 as well as Windows 10 versions 1607 and 1809, and requires that the DHCP Server role be installed and running. Microsoft has released patches via the standard Windows Update channel; no public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis.
Windows Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN) Service on multiple Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server editions contains an out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) that allows a locally authenticated low-privileged user to disclose sensitive contents from the service's memory. The flaw resides in the WWAN service process - responsible for managing mobile broadband connectivity - and affects system confidentiality without granting write access or code execution capability. Microsoft has released patched builds across all affected editions; no public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis.
Uninitialized kernel memory in Win32K (win32k.sys) enables local attackers with standard user privileges to read sensitive kernel memory contents on affected Windows systems. The vulnerability spans virtually all currently supported Windows client and server releases, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 11 25H2/26H1. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though Win32K info-leaks of this class are routinely chained with privilege escalation exploits to defeat kernel address space layout randomization (KASLR).
Denial of service in the Windows iSCSI Target Service affects authenticated network users on Windows Server 2012 through 2025 and Windows 10 versions 1607 and 1809. An authorized low-privileged attacker can send a crafted network request that triggers an uncaught exception (CWE-248) in the iSCSI Target Service process, causing the service to terminate and disrupting storage connectivity for all iSCSI initiators connected to that target. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches covering all affected Windows versions.
Sensitive kernel information is exposed to low-privileged local users through a CWE-497 flaw in the Windows Win32K graphics subsystem, confirmed by Microsoft's own security team (secure@microsoft.com). The scope-changed CVSS vector (S:C/C:H) indicates the leaked data originates from the kernel security boundary, making this a classic KASLR-defeat primitive that threat actors chain with separate privilege-escalation exploits to achieve full system compromise. No public exploit code has been identified and the vulnerability is absent from the CISA KEV catalog; vendor patches covering every supported Windows release are available.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows Win32K kernel graphics driver allows a local, low-privileged user to disclose sensitive kernel memory contents without requiring elevated rights or user interaction. The flaw spans a wide range of Microsoft Windows desktop and server releases, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025, making the exposure surface broad. Microsoft has released patched builds through its standard update cycle; no public exploit code has been identified and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV at time of analysis.
Windows Kernel information disclosure affects virtually the entire active Windows ecosystem - from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025 - enabling a low-privileged network attacker to obtain sensitive system-level information when a target user is induced to take a specific action. The flaw (CWE-497) involves the kernel exposing restricted internal data to an unauthorized control sphere over the network, producing high confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability effect. Microsoft has released patches across all affected versions; no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Out-of-bounds read in Windows DHCP Server enables an adjacent-network attacker with low privileges to crash the DHCP service, denying network address configuration to clients on the affected subnet. The flaw spans Windows Server 2012 through 2025, plus select Windows 10 builds, and carries a CVSS 5.7 Medium rating reflecting its adjacency constraint and authentication requirement. Microsoft has issued patches; no public exploit code or active exploitation via CISA KEV has been identified.
Out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) in the Windows DHCP Server service allows an authorized adjacent-network attacker to crash the DHCP service, causing a denial of service that disrupts IP address assignment for all clients depending on that server. The vulnerability affects a broad swath of Windows Server releases from 2012 through 2025 with the DHCP Server role installed. No public exploit code or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches addressing all affected build lines.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows Remote Desktop Licensing Service enables a locally authenticated user to disclose sensitive memory contents on affected systems. The vulnerability spans a broad range of Windows versions from Server 2012 through Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 client builds, all covered under Microsoft's patch release. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis; with a CVSS of 5.5 and local-only attack vector, this is a moderate-severity information disclosure without integrity or availability impact.
Out-of-bounds memory read in Windows Remote Desktop Services (CWE-125) exposes arbitrary memory contents to a locally authenticated low-privileged attacker across virtually all supported Windows client and server releases. Affected versions span from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025, making this one of Microsoft's broadest-surface patch-cycle disclosures. No public exploit code or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches for all affected version branches.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows NTFS kernel driver enables an unauthenticated attacker with physical device access to execute arbitrary code at kernel privilege level. Affected products span virtually the entire supported Windows ecosystem from Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 11 26H1. Microsoft has released patched builds across all affected versions; no active exploitation has been identified (not in CISA KEV) and no public proof-of-concept exploit is known at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows RNDIS (Remote Network Driver Interface Specification) driver allows a physically present, unauthenticated attacker to disclose heap memory contents. Exploitation requires direct physical access to the target device, as the attacker must connect a malicious USB RNDIS device to trigger the overflow. No public exploit code has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV, making real-world risk low outside of targeted physical attacks.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows USB Mass Storage Class Driver exposes kernel memory to locally authenticated attackers across a broad swath of Windows releases, from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. The CWE-125 flaw allows an authorized low-privilege user to read beyond an allocated buffer in the driver, potentially leaking sensitive memory contents including kernel addresses or credentials cached in driver memory. No public exploit code or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at time of analysis, though Microsoft has released patches across all affected build trains.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows NTFS kernel driver (ntfs.sys) exposes kernel or process memory to a locally authenticated low-privilege attacker across a wide range of Windows client and server releases, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. The vulnerability (CWE-125) is triggered locally without requiring user interaction, and the CVSS vector confirms confidentiality impact is high while integrity and availability are unaffected. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patched builds via its cumulative update channel.
Memory exhaustion in the Windows DHCP Server role across Windows Server 2012 through 2025 allows a low-privileged network-authenticated attacker to crash or render the DHCP service unresponsive, denying IP address assignment to all network clients. The root cause (CWE-401) is a failure to release allocated memory after its effective lifetime during DHCP request processing, enabling gradual heap exhaustion. Microsoft has released patches for all affected builds; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing exists at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation via out-of-bounds read in the Windows USB Mass Storage Class Driver affects virtually every supported Windows release, from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1. An attacker with physical access to the target machine can connect a specially crafted USB storage device to trigger the kernel-mode memory flaw, potentially achieving complete system compromise (C:H/I:H/A:H per CVSS). No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches covering all affected version branches.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows kernel-mode USB driver stack allows a locally authenticated low-privilege attacker to disclose arbitrary kernel memory contents on virtually every supported Windows release from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1. The CVSS 5.5 vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N) reflects straightforward local exploitation with high confidentiality impact but no integrity or availability loss. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing is identified at time of analysis; a vendor-released patch is available from Microsoft.
Privilege escalation in Windows DHCP Server allows an already-authorized (high-privilege) network attacker to gain further elevated privileges by exploiting a missing authentication check on a critical server function (CWE-306). The vulnerability spans nearly every supported Windows Server release from 2012 through 2025, as well as Windows 10 1607/1809. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has issued patches across all affected builds.
Sensitive kernel-level system information is exposed to an unauthorized control sphere in the Windows Kernel, enabling any low-privileged local user to read data they should not have access to - a classic KASLR-defeating information disclosure. The flaw (CWE-497) spans an exceptionally wide range of affected platforms, from Windows 10 Version 1607 and Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. No public exploit code or CISA KEV entry exists at time of analysis, but this class of kernel information disclosure is routinely chained with privilege-escalation exploits to defeat kernel address randomization.
Memory exhaustion in Windows DHCP Server enables an authorized attacker on the adjacent network to crash or degrade the DHCP service via repeated triggering of a CWE-401 memory leak. The vulnerability affects the Windows Server DHCP Server role across Windows Server 2012 through 2025, including Server Core installations. Exploitation requires low-privilege adjacency and results exclusively in availability loss - no confidentiality or integrity impact. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; vendor patch is available.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows Overlay Filter (WOF) kernel driver allows a locally authenticated low-privilege attacker to disclose kernel memory contents across virtually all supported Windows desktop and server releases, from Windows Server 2012 R2 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. The flaw (CWE-125) requires no user interaction and carries high confidentiality impact, making it a viable KASLR-bypass or sensitive-data-leak primitive in a multi-stage local privilege escalation chain. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches for all affected versions.
Windows DHCP Server on multiple Windows Server versions stores passwords in a recoverable format (CWE-257), enabling an authenticated low-privileged network attacker to extract those credentials over the network. The impact is a pure confidentiality breach - passwords held by the DHCP Server service can be recovered without cracking, potentially enabling lateral movement or privilege escalation through credential reuse. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches addressing the flaw across the full affected version matrix.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows USB Audio Class driver (usbaudio.sys) allows a local low-privileged attacker to disclose kernel-mode memory contents. The vulnerability spans a wide swath of Windows releases - from Windows 10 1607 and Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025 - making patch surface operationally broad. Microsoft has released fixes via the standard update channel; no public exploit code and no active exploitation have been confirmed at time of analysis.
Buffer over-read in the Windows NTFS filesystem driver allows a local low-privileged authenticated attacker to disclose sensitive information from kernel or process memory without modifying system state. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) confirms this is a local, low-complexity attack requiring only standard user privileges. No active exploitation has been observed (not in CISA KEV), and no public proof-of-concept exploit is identified at time of analysis. Microsoft has released patches covering the full range of affected Windows client and server versions.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows NTFS kernel driver enables an unauthenticated attacker with physical access to execute arbitrary code at kernel privilege level. The vulnerability (CWE-122) affects virtually the entire Windows product family from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025, requiring no credentials or user interaction beyond physical presence at the target machine. No public exploit or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches across all affected version branches.
Windows Defender Firewall Service on a broad range of Windows client and server editions exposes protected files or directories to low-privileged local attackers (CWE-552), enabling sensitive information disclosure. A local attacker holding a standard user account can access firewall service files - potentially including policy configuration, rule data, or service-level secrets - that should be restricted to privileged processes. Microsoft has released patches across the full affected version range; no public exploit has been identified at the time of analysis.
Symlink following in Windows UPnP Device Host (upnphost) allows a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to redirect the service's file access operations through crafted symbolic links or junctions, disclosing the contents of otherwise inaccessible files. The vulnerability spans an unusually wide set of affected Windows releases - from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025 - indicating a systemic deficiency in how the UPnP host service resolves paths before file access. Microsoft has released corrective patches; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Path traversal in Windows PowerShell (CWE-22) enables network-based security feature bypass across virtually all supported Windows releases, from Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 11 26H2. The flaw allows an unauthenticated remote attacker - contingent on user interaction - to write files outside a restricted directory, circumventing a Windows security boundary with high integrity impact and no direct confidentiality or availability consequence. No active exploitation is confirmed in CISA KEV and no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, though the broad affected surface across all major Windows versions warrants prompt patching.
Privilege escalation in Windows DNS affects a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases through a numeric truncation error (CWE-197) in the DNS component. An authorized local attacker already holding high-privilege credentials can exploit this flaw to achieve full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability on the affected host. Microsoft has released patched builds across all affected version lines; no public exploit code exists and no active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation in the Windows DNS service affects a broad range of Windows client and server versions from Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 across all major feature releases. The vulnerability stems from a numeric truncation error (CWE-122, heap-based buffer overflow) that an already-privileged local attacker can trigger to gain elevated access beyond their current privilege level. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing are present at time of analysis, but Microsoft has released patches across all affected product lines.
Local privilege escalation in Windows DNS affects a broad range of Windows client and server operating systems, enabling an already-authenticated local attacker to gain elevated privileges on the target system. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) indicates the attacker requires high existing privileges - consistent with the description's reference to an 'authorized attacker' - yet can achieve full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact post-exploitation. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and the vulnerability does not appear in the CISA KEV catalog; a vendor-released patch is available via Microsoft's Update Guide.
Information disclosure via a buffer over-read in the Windows SMB Client component affects a broad spectrum of Microsoft Windows desktop and server editions, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 25H2. An attacker who controls a malicious SMB server and induces a target Windows user to connect to it can trigger the client to read beyond allocated memory buffer boundaries, leaking potentially sensitive process memory contents across the network. SSVC rates exploitation status as none and no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, though the high confidentiality impact (C:H) and the near-universal deployment footprint of the Windows SMB Client make this a meaningful routine patch priority.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows NTFS kernel driver (CWE-125) allows a low-privileged local attacker to disclose potentially sensitive kernel memory contents across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server editions from Server 2012 through Server 2025. The CVSS vector confirms local-only exploitability with low privilege requirements and no user interaction needed, yielding high confidentiality impact but no integrity or availability consequence. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis; however, the breadth of affected versions across both consumer and enterprise Windows releases makes timely patching critical for any organization with a Windows estate.
Windows GDI (Graphics Device Interface) exposes an out-of-bounds read flaw exploitable by any locally authenticated, low-privileged user across a broad span of Windows releases - from Windows 10 Version 1607 and Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. Successful exploitation yields high-confidence memory disclosure (C:H per CVSS), enabling an attacker to read memory contents beyond the intended GDI buffer boundary, potentially exposing credentials, session material, or cryptographic data. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis; however, the low attack complexity and extremely wide platform coverage make this a high-priority routine patch-cycle item.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows NTFS filesystem driver exposes kernel memory contents to local authenticated attackers across a wide range of Windows client and server releases, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. Exploitation requires only a low-privileged local account (CVSS PR:L, AV:L), yielding high confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability consequence. No public exploit code exists and SSVC exploitation status is confirmed 'none', though the broad platform footprint and low-privilege bar make this a meaningful patch priority for multi-user and shared-access environments.
Privilege escalation in Windows DNS across a wide range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases exploits a numeric truncation error (CWE-122, heap-based buffer overflow) to allow an authorized local attacker with high privileges to fully compromise the vulnerable system. Affected builds span from Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 11 26H1, with vendor-supplied patches now available from Microsoft MSRC. SSVC assessment confirms no current exploitation activity and the vulnerability is not automatable, though technical impact is rated total across confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
Privilege escalation in Windows DNS across a broad range of Microsoft Windows releases stems from a numeric truncation error (CWE-122) that produces a heap-based buffer overflow, enabling an already high-privileged local attacker to escalate further - likely to SYSTEM level. The vulnerability spans Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 consumer editions, representing a wide patching surface. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA SSVC confirms exploitation status as none with no automatable attack path, though technical impact is rated total.
Integer underflow in the Windows DHCP Server service exposes adjacent-network unauthenticated attackers to high-confidentiality memory disclosure across a broad range of Windows Server releases from 2012 through 2025, plus Windows 10 1607 and 1809. The root cause (CWE-125 out-of-bounds read triggered by arithmetic underflow) allows a crafted DHCP packet to cause the server to read and return memory beyond the intended buffer boundary. No active exploitation is confirmed (not in CISA KEV) and SSVC rates exploitation status as none; a vendor patch is available via the Microsoft Security Response Center.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows NTFS driver exposes sensitive memory contents to locally authenticated attackers across a wide range of Microsoft Windows and Windows Server releases. The flaw (CWE-125) allows a low-privileged local user to read kernel or process memory beyond intended boundaries, resulting in information disclosure with high confidentiality impact but no integrity or availability consequences. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none with partial technical impact.
Information disclosure in the Windows NTFS filesystem driver allows a local low-privileged attacker to read beyond buffer boundaries and expose sensitive memory contents. Affecting virtually every supported Windows desktop and server release - from Windows 10 1607 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 11 26H1 - the vulnerability requires only a standard local user account and no special configuration, making it a realistic threat in multi-tenant, shared, or cloud environments where local access is granted to semi-trusted users. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches across all affected product lines.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows Win32K kernel graphics subsystem allows any locally authenticated low-privilege user to disclose sensitive kernel memory contents without user interaction. The flaw spans an exceptionally broad range of affected Windows versions, from Server 2012 through Windows 11 25H2, significantly widening enterprise exposure. No active exploitation has been confirmed in CISA KEV and no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, though kernel memory disclosure from Win32K is strategically valuable as a KASLR-bypass primitive in chained privilege escalation attacks.
Windows DNS Server on a broad range of Windows and Windows Server editions contains a heap-based buffer overflow rooted in a numeric truncation error, enabling an authorized local attacker with high-privilege access to escalate privileges on the affected system. Affected platforms span Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 across multiple feature versions, with Microsoft confirming full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact upon successful exploitation. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis; SSVC classifies exploitation status as none and automatable as no, and Microsoft has released patches addressed in the MSRC advisory.
Authentication bypass in Windows Schannel allows a network-based attacker to circumvent cryptographic signature validation, achieving high-integrity impact without requiring prior privileges. Schannel, Microsoft's TLS/SSL security provider, fails to properly verify cryptographic signatures - tagged as a JWT attack vector - enabling forged or malformed tokens to pass validation and bypass security feature enforcement. No active exploitation is confirmed (SSVC: exploitation=none; not listed in CISA KEV), and the high attack complexity and required user interaction constrain opportunistic mass exploitation despite the broad Windows version footprint.
Tampering via partial string comparison in the Windows HTTP Protocol Stack (http.sys) exposes a broad range of Windows client and server editions to integrity compromise by unauthenticated adjacent-network attackers. Affected platforms span Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025, with Microsoft tagging the issue as an authentication bypass rooted in CWE-187. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patched builds across all affected product lines.
Information disclosure in Windows Win32K affects a broad range of Microsoft Windows client and server operating systems, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. A locally authenticated low-privilege user can trigger a buffer over-read (CWE-126) in the Win32K kernel-mode subsystem, causing the kernel to return out-of-bounds memory contents to user space. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA SSVC rates exploitation status as none with partial technical impact, though the kernel information disclosure primitive carries chaining risk for privilege escalation.
Integer underflow (CWE-125) in the Windows DHCP Server service exposes server memory contents to unauthenticated attackers positioned on the same adjacent network segment. Affecting Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025 (confirmed by ENISA EUVD-2026-56370), the flaw allows crafted DHCP packets to trigger an out-of-bounds read, resulting in high-confidence confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability consequences. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA SSVC rates exploitation status as none with partial technical impact - a vendor patch is available via Microsoft MSRC.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows Win32K kernel graphics subsystem exposes kernel memory contents to a locally authenticated low-privilege attacker across a wide swath of Windows desktop and server releases, from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. The impact is strictly information disclosure - high confidentiality loss with no integrity or availability effect - making this most practically useful as a KASLR-bypass building block in a multi-stage local privilege escalation chain. No public exploit or active exploitation has been identified; SSVC classifies exploitation status as none and technical impact as partial.
Integer underflow in the Windows DHCP Server service exposes out-of-bounds memory to unauthenticated attackers on the adjacent network, enabling high-impact information disclosure across multiple Windows Server generations from 2012 through 2025. The CVSS vector (AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) confirms exploitation requires no credentials and no user interaction, only Layer 2 or broadcast-domain adjacency to a host running the DHCP Server role. Microsoft has released patches for all affected builds; no public exploit code has been identified and the vulnerability does not appear in CISA KEV at time of analysis.
Windows Imaging Component (WIC) across a broad span of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases contains an uninitialized memory read flaw (CWE-908) that an authorized local user with low privileges can exploit to disclose sensitive information from process memory. The CVSS vector (AV:L/PR:L/C:H/I:N/A:N) confirms this is strictly a local, low-privilege information disclosure with no network attack surface and no integrity or availability impact. No public exploit code has been identified and this CVE is not listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog; a vendor-released patch is confirmed via the Microsoft MSRC advisory.
Out-of-bounds read in Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) enables a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to disclose potentially sensitive information from process memory. Affecting a broad sweep of Windows client and server releases from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1, the flaw is rooted in a memory safety defect in the WMI subsystem (CWE-125). No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released corrective updates across all affected product lines.
Windows Wired AutoConfig Service (dot3svc) exposes a buffer over-read (CWE-126) that allows a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to read beyond allocated memory boundaries and disclose potentially sensitive information from adjacent memory. Affected scope spans virtually the entire modern Windows ecosystem - from Windows 10 1607 and Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025 - making patch surface broad despite the local-only attack vector. No public exploit code has been identified and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none at time of analysis, placing this squarely in the routine patching tier rather than emergency response.
Information disclosure in Windows DHCP Server across six major Windows Server generations exposes heap or stack memory contents to unauthenticated adjacent-network attackers via an integer underflow defect. The vulnerability affects all Windows Server editions from 2012 through 2025 that have the DHCP Server role installed and running, with exploitation constrained to Layer 2 adjacency rather than the open internet. A vendor-released patch is available from Microsoft MSRC; no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Information disclosure via integer underflow in the Windows DHCP Server service exposes server process memory to unauthenticated attackers on the same network segment, affecting Windows Server 2012 through 2025 and Windows 10 versions 1607 and 1809 where the DHCP Server role is installed. The root cause is a CWE-125 out-of-bounds read triggered when an integer underflows and wraps around, causing DHCP packet-processing code to read memory outside intended bounds and potentially return it in a server response. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA's SSVC framework rates exploitation as none with partial technical impact, indicating contained but real risk requiring timely patching.
Integer underflow (CWE-125, out-of-bounds read) in the Windows DHCP Server service allows an unauthenticated attacker on an adjacent network segment to disclose sensitive memory contents. Affected systems span Windows Server 2012 through 2025 and certain Windows 10 builds running the DHCP Server role. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and a vendor patch is available via Microsoft's July 2026 update cycle.
Out-of-bounds memory read in the Windows DHCP Server service exposes sensitive server memory to unauthenticated attackers on the adjacent network. The root cause is an integer underflow (CWE-125) in DHCP packet processing, where a miscalculated length or index wraps around, causing the service to read and potentially return memory beyond intended buffer boundaries. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches across all affected Windows Server versions via the August 2026 Patch Tuesday cycle.
Information disclosure in the Windows DHCP Server service allows unauthenticated attackers on adjacent network segments to read out-of-bounds server memory via a malformed DHCP request that triggers an integer underflow. Affected builds span Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025, as well as Windows 10 versions 1607 and 1809, making the version footprint unusually wide for a single service-role flaw. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and CISA's SSVC framework rates exploitation as none with non-automatable characteristics, though the high confidentiality impact and the breadth of affected builds warrant prompt patching.
Windows GDI+ (Graphics Device Interface Plus) exposes uninitialized memory contents to local low-privileged attackers across a broad range of Windows desktop and server releases, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1. The root cause is CWE-908 (use of uninitialized resource), where a graphics operation returns memory that has not been zeroed or populated, potentially leaking sensitive in-memory data. No active exploitation is confirmed and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none; however, the wide affected surface and high confidentiality impact make this a priority patch in shared-access environments such as RDP or VDI deployments.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Universal Disk Format File System Driver (UDFS) enables kernel-level code execution through physical insertion of maliciously crafted UDF media, affecting every supported Windows client and server release from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1. The physical attack vector (AV:P) is the dominant risk constraint - a vendor patch is available from Microsoft and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, though the breadth of affected builds and the kernel execution context make this high priority in environments where physical access is not strictly controlled.
Cleartext storage of sensitive credentials in Windows Hello exposes authentication material to local tampering by authorized but low-privileged attackers across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. The flaw, rooted in CWE-312, means that sensitive data used by the Windows Hello subsystem is persisted without adequate encryption, enabling an attacker with local access to modify it and undermine the integrity of the authentication mechanism. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none with non-automatable attack paths.
Information disclosure in Windows Remote Desktop Client across nearly all supported Windows versions exposes client-side memory contents to a network-based attacker who controls a malicious RDP server. The flaw is an out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) triggered when the client parses crafted server-sent protocol data, resulting in high confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability consequence. No public exploit code exists and CISA has not added this to KEV; however, the breadth of affected Windows versions - from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 - makes patch prioritization important for organizations permitting outbound RDP connections to untrusted hosts.
Remote code execution via race condition in Windows DNS affects authorized, high-privileged attackers across a broad range of Windows Server and Windows client versions. The CWE-362 race condition allows an attacker who already holds elevated credentials to exploit concurrent shared-resource access in the DNS service, achieving full code execution (C:H/I:H/A:H) over the network. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing is identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches; the PR:H and AC:H constraints substantially limit realistic exploitation.
Windows Hyper-V across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases contains a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) that enables a locally authenticated low-privileged attacker to disclose confidential memory contents. The CVSS vector (AV:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N) constrains the attack to local access with required user interaction and produces no integrity or availability impact. No public exploit has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog at the time of analysis.
Information disclosure in Windows Graphics Device Interface (GDI) via an untrusted pointer dereference exposes sensitive memory contents to a local low-privileged attacker across virtually all supported Windows client and server releases. The vulnerability (CWE-822) allows an authorized local user to trigger a controlled pointer dereference within GDI's rendering subsystem, resulting in high-impact confidentiality loss with no integrity or availability effect. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the breadth of affected versions - spanning Windows 10 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2012 through Server 2025 - makes this a broad-footprint patching concern.
Buffer over-read in the Windows NTFS kernel driver enables a physically present attacker to disclose sensitive memory contents without authentication across a broad range of Windows client and server versions from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. The attack vector is strictly physical (confirmed by CVSS AV:P), confining the threat to scenarios where an adversary has direct hands-on access to the target hardware. No public exploit code has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog; Microsoft has released patches via the MSRC update guide.
Information disclosure in the Windows Event Logging Service exposes high-confidentiality data to any locally authenticated attacker via a CWE-126 buffer over-read, with no code execution possible. The vulnerability spans an exceptionally broad surface: every supported Windows client and server release from Windows Server 2012 and Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025 is affected. Microsoft has released patched builds via its monthly update cycle; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, keeping real-world urgency moderate despite the wide footprint.
Remote Registry Service denial of service in Microsoft Windows allows network-authenticated attackers to crash the service via a crafted RPC request triggering a null pointer dereference. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) confirms that any domain or local account with network access to the service is sufficient for exploitation - no elevated privileges required. No public exploit code has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV at time of analysis.
Null pointer dereference in the Windows Remote Registry Service enables an authenticated network attacker to crash the service, resulting in denial of availability for remote registry operations across a broad range of Microsoft platforms. Affected builds span Windows 10/11 consumer releases and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025, representing the near-entirety of Microsoft's currently supported Windows footprint. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and CISA's SSVC framework rates exploitation as 'none' with partial technical impact, positioning this as a standard patch-cycle priority rather than an out-of-band emergency.
Windows Event Logging Service on multiple Windows desktop and server versions exposes uninitialized memory contents to locally authenticated attackers via CWE-908, enabling information disclosure without elevated privileges or user interaction. The CVSS vector (AV:L/PR:L/C:H) confirms that an authorized local user can trigger the flaw to read stale memory that may contain sensitive data from other processes or OS operations. No public exploit exists and CISA SSVC rates current exploitation as none, but the breadth of affected Windows versions - spanning Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 - makes patch prioritization worthwhile for any environment with untrusted local users.
Uninitialized resource use in Microsoft COM for Windows enables a locally authenticated attacker to read sensitive memory contents, constituting a high-confidence information disclosure. Affected systems span virtually the entire supported Windows ecosystem, from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. No public exploit exists at time of analysis and SSVC assessment rates exploitation as none, though the breadth of affected platforms elevates patching urgency.
Information disclosure in the Microsoft Windows Search Component allows a locally authenticated low-privileged attacker to bypass weak authentication controls and access sensitive indexed content outside their authorized scope. Affected systems span Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 across all current supported versions, representing an exceptionally broad exposure surface. No public exploit code has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV, though the ubiquitous deployment footprint of Windows makes timely patching a priority for all organizations.
Information disclosure in AMD Zen processor microarchitecture, surfaced through Windows system software, enables a local low-privileged attacker to read high-sensitivity data across security boundaries. The CVSS Scope Changed metric (S:C) combined with C:H and the AMD Zen tag strongly suggests a microarchitectural side-channel capable of leaking data from outside the attacker's security context - a pattern consistent with speculative execution or cache-based cross-boundary leakage. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA SSVC rates exploitation status as none; however, the breadth of affected Windows versions (Server 2012 R2 through Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 across all supported channels) gives this a wide potential exposure surface on AMD Zen-equipped systems.
Information disclosure in AMD Zen processors on Windows allows a locally authenticated low-privileged attacker to read sensitive memory contents across security boundaries via a high-complexity microarchitectural technique. Affecting Windows versions from Windows 10 1607 to Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2012 R2 through Server 2025, this vulnerability was reported by Microsoft's security team (secure@microsoft.com) and carries a CVSS 5.6 medium score with Scope:Changed (S:C) indicating the attacker can cross a privilege boundary to reach data outside their own security context. No public exploit code exists and the vulnerability is absent from the CISA KEV catalog, though vendor-released patches are confirmed available via MSRC.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows Encrypting File System (EFS) driver exposes sensitive memory contents to any locally authenticated attacker holding standard user privileges. Affected systems span the entire modern Windows ecosystem - from Windows 10 1607 and Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025 - making the patch surface extremely broad. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, though the combination of a low-complexity local attack and high confidentiality impact warrants prompt patching on systems where EFS is actively used.
Windows Boot Loader across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 omits a required cryptographic integrity step (CWE-325), enabling a locally authenticated attacker to bypass boot-time security features. The CVSS vector (AV:L/PR:L) confirms exploitation requires an existing local foothold - remote unauthenticated attacks are not possible. No active exploitation is recorded (SSVC: none, EPSS 0.23%), but SSVC rates technical impact as total, reflecting that a successful boot-level security bypass can undermine the entire trusted boot chain and enable persistent pre-OS compromise.
Windows Kernel security feature bypass across Windows 10, 11, and Server 2012 through 2025 allows a local authenticated attacker to circumvent kernel-enforced access controls, resulting in high-confidence disclosure of sensitive information (C:H). Rooted in CWE-284 (Improper Access Control), the flaw enables a privilege-constrained local user to read protected data beyond their authorization boundary. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis; EPSS sits at 0.25% (16th percentile) and SSVC assigns exploitation status 'none,' consistently characterizing this as a standard patch-cycle priority rather than an emergency response item.
Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) across a broad range of Windows 10, 11, and Server editions discloses potentially sensitive memory contents over the network due to an uninitialized resource flaw (CWE-908), exploitable by remote unauthenticated attackers when a user interacts with an RDP session. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N) indicates network-wide reachability with no attacker privilege requirement, though mandatory user interaction (UI:R) prevents automated mass exploitation. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; EPSS at 0.51% (40th percentile) and SSVC exploitation status of 'none' confirm low current threat activity despite Windows RDP's ubiquitous enterprise attack surface.
Information disclosure via uninitialized resource use in Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) exposes sensitive memory contents to authenticated remote attackers across a wide range of Microsoft Windows desktop and server editions. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) confirms this is exploitable over the network by any low-privileged authenticated user with no complexity or interaction requirements, yielding high confidentiality impact. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the low barrier to exploitation and the ubiquitous deployment of Windows RDP make this a meaningful patching priority.