Windows 10 Version 21H2
Monthly
Integer overflow in the Windows Devices Human Interface (HID) subsystem enables a local, low-privileged attacker to disclose sensitive information on affected systems. The vulnerability spans Windows 10 (versions 1809 through 22H2), Windows 11 (versions 24H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2019 through 2025, representing a broad attack surface across Microsoft's supported OS portfolio. No public exploit code exists and CISA SSVC rates current exploitation as none, with an EPSS score of 0.30% (22nd percentile) confirming very low near-term exploitation probability.
Windows Push Notifications on multiple Windows 10, 11, and Server editions exposes sensitive information to low-privileged local attackers, who can read notification content or related data scoped to other users or higher-privilege contexts without any user interaction. Affected platforms span Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2016 through 2025, with vendor-confirmed fixed build versions available via Microsoft Update. No public exploit exists and no active exploitation is confirmed - SSVC rates exploitation as none and EPSS sits at 0.36% (28th percentile) - making this a secondary patching priority unless operating shared multi-user Windows environments.
Sensitive information disclosure in Windows Push Notifications (WPN) permits a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to read confidential data they are not authorized to access. Affected systems span Windows 10 (1809 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2 through 26H1), Windows Server 2019, 2022, and 2025, covering a broad enterprise and consumer footprint. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS sits at 0.36% (28th percentile), and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none with non-automatable attack paths.
Sensitive information disclosure in Windows Push Notifications allows a locally authenticated standard user to access notification data they are not authorized to view across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2022/2025 platforms. The flaw (CWE-200) requires only low-privilege local access - no elevated rights or user interaction - making it exploitable by any interactive user on a vulnerable host. No public exploit code exists at time of analysis, and both EPSS (0.36%, 28th percentile) and SSVC (exploitation: none, automatable: no) signals indicate low near-term weaponization risk despite the high confidentiality impact rating.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Internal System User Profile component allows an already-authenticated attacker to gain elevated (SYSTEM-level) privileges by triggering a use-after-free memory corruption condition (CWE-416). The flaw affects Windows 10 (21H2/22H2), Windows 11 (24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2025 including Server Core. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV, but the CVSS 7.8 rating and full high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability make it a meaningful patch-cycle priority.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows USB driver stack lets an already-authenticated low-privileged user win a race condition (CWE-362) to gain SYSTEM-level control across Windows 10 (1607-22H2), Windows 11 (24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. Reported by Microsoft with a patch available; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV. EPSS is low (0.19%, 9th percentile) and SSVC rates exploitation as none but technical impact as total, indicating high damage potential if a working exploit is developed.
Local code execution in Microsoft Windows arises from a heap-based buffer overflow in a Windows Data DLL, letting an attacker who can get a victim to open crafted content run arbitrary code with the victim's privileges. Affected builds span Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2, 25H2, 26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. Microsoft (the reporter) has released a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Install Service (Windows Installer) affects supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2019-2025 builds, letting an already-authenticated local user with limited rights (PR:L) elevate to SYSTEM. The flaw stems from improper privilege management (CWE-269) in how the service handles operations, yielding full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. Microsoft has released a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the CVE is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Application Model (the subsystem underlying UWP/packaged app lifecycle and activation) lets an authorized attacker with an existing low-privileged foothold gain SYSTEM-level control by triggering a use-after-free memory-corruption condition. All supported Windows client and server builds from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2016 through Server 2025 are affected. This is a Microsoft-reported flaw with a vendor patch available; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not on CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows Resilient File System (ReFS) driver allows an authenticated attacker to run code with SYSTEM-level privileges by triggering a heap-based buffer overflow. The flaw (CVSS 7.8) affects a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2016-2025 builds and carries high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. It is a Microsoft-reported issue with a vendor patch available, and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Buffer over-read in the Windows NTFS kernel driver exposes adjacent memory contents to a local attacker holding a standard user account across a broad range of Windows 10, 11, and Server releases. Exploitation is constrained to AV:L/PR:L, meaning an attacker must already have interactive or programmatic local access before triggering the CWE-126 condition - making this a post-compromise reconnaissance primitive rather than an initial-access vector. EPSS stands at 0.31% (22nd percentile) and SSVC confirms no known exploitation activity, placing this at low operational urgency despite the High confidentiality impact rating.
Remote code execution in Microsoft Windows GDI+ (gdiplus) lets an unauthenticated network attacker run arbitrary code when a victim opens or renders a specially crafted image, via a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122). The flaw affects a broad range of supported Windows client and server builds (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025). It carries a critical CVSS 9.6 with a scope-changed impact, but requires user interaction and currently has no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Local code execution in Microsoft Windows NTFS driver (heap-based buffer overflow, CWE-122) allows an attacker to run arbitrary code with the privileges of the exploited context. The flaw affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025. CVSS 7.8 with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact; exploitation requires local access and user interaction, and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Unified Consent System (UCS) lets an already-authenticated attacker exploit a use-after-free memory-corruption flaw (CWE-416) to gain higher privileges, potentially up to SYSTEM. It affects a broad range of current Windows client and server builds including Windows 10 21H2/22H2, Windows 11 24H2/25H2/26H1, and Windows Server 2025. Reported by Microsoft with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.8; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows TCP/IP stack lets a low-privileged authenticated user corrupt kernel memory via a use-after-free (CWE-416) and elevate to SYSTEM. It affects a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server builds through 2025, was reported by Microsoft, and carries CVSS 7.8; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS is low (0.20%, 10th percentile).
Windows Kernel information disclosure across a broad range of Microsoft Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server editions allows a locally authenticated low-privileged attacker to read sensitive kernel memory contents they are not authorized to access. The flaw is classified under CWE-200 (Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor) and is confined to local exploitation with no integrity or availability impact. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches addressing the issue across all affected version branches per EUVD-2026-43865.
Local code execution in Microsoft Windows NTFS arises from a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) that an authorized, low-privileged local user can trigger to run arbitrary code and elevate to SYSTEM. The flaw spans a broad Windows footprint from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the CVSS 3.1 base score is 7.8 (High).
Local privilege escalation in Windows App Installer (the MSIX/AppX package deployment component, msixbundle/App Installer) lets an already-authenticated low-privileged user overflow a stack buffer to gain higher privileges on affected Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server builds. Microsoft self-reported the flaw and has shipped a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV. The CVSS 7.8 (AV:L/PR:L) rating reflects a locally-launched attack with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact.
Local code execution in the Windows NTFS file system driver lets an unauthorized attacker run arbitrary code by tricking a user into interacting with specially crafted content, per Microsoft's MSRC advisory. The flaw is a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) affecting a broad range of Windows releases from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025. No public exploit is identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV, but the low attack complexity and full-CIA impact make it a meaningful local code-execution risk.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Notification component lets an already-authenticated low-privileged user elevate to higher privileges (SYSTEM) across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. The flaw stems from an incorrect type conversion/cast (CWE-704) and carries a CVSS 7.8 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. Microsoft has released a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the CVE is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows NTFS file-system driver allows an authenticated attacker to run code with elevated (SYSTEM-level) privileges by triggering a stack-based buffer overflow (CWE-121). The flaw was reported by Microsoft and affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV; the CVSS 3.1 base score is 7.8 (High).
Privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows SMB Server allows an already-authenticated network attacker to elevate to higher privileges by abusing a flawed authentication algorithm, yielding high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. The flaw affects Windows 10 (21H2/22H2), Windows 11 (24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2022/2025 including Server Core. Reported by Microsoft with a patch available; no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege elevation in the Microsoft Windows TCP/IP networking stack lets an already-authenticated, low-privileged user corrupt kernel memory via a use-after-free (CWE-416) and gain SYSTEM-level control. The flaw affects a broad range of client and server SKUs from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025, including Server Core installations. Microsoft reported the issue and has released a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the CVE is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Push Notifications component (WNS/WpnService) lets an already-authenticated low-privileged user overwrite adjacent heap memory to gain SYSTEM-level control across Windows 10 (1607-22H2), Windows 11 (24H2-26H1), and Windows Server 2012 R2 through 2025. Microsoft reported the flaw and has shipped a fix; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV. The high CVSS 7.8 reflects full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact once triggered, but exploitation requires prior local access.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows Kernel allows an already-authenticated attacker to gain SYSTEM-level control by exploiting a use-after-free (CWE-416) memory corruption condition. The flaw affects a broad range of supported Windows client and server releases (Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2019 through 2025) and, per the CVSS 7.8 vector, yields full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV; Microsoft has released a patch.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Redirected Drive Buffering Subsystem (RDBSS) lets an authenticated low-privileged attacker read memory beyond an allocated buffer to elevate to higher privileges. The flaw affects a broad range of currently-supported Windows client and server releases (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025) and carries a CVSS 7.0 (High) rating. Microsoft has released a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Kernel lets a low-privileged, authenticated attacker gain SYSTEM-level control by triggering a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122). The flaw spans a broad platform range from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025, and was reported internally by Microsoft. No public exploit is identified at time of analysis and it is not in CISA KEV, but the ubiquity of the affected component plus full high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability make it a meaningful patch priority.
Windows Cryptographic Services improperly validates certificates across multiple Windows 10, 11, and Server editions, enabling remote unauthenticated attackers to bypass security features enforced by the PKI/certificate trust chain over a network path. Affected platforms span Windows 10 21H2 and 22H2, Windows 11 24H2 through 26H1, and Windows Server 2022 and 2025 in both full and Server Core deployments. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS at 0.24% (15th percentile) and SSVC exploitation status of 'none' together indicate low near-term exploitation probability despite the broad product footprint.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Server Backup (WBADMIN component shipped with Windows 10 21H2/22H2 and Windows 11 24H2/25H2/26H1) lets an authorized, low-privileged user abuse a symbolic-link/junction race so that a backup operation acts on an attacker-chosen path, yielding SYSTEM-level access. Microsoft has released a patch and reported the flaw itself; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV. Successful exploitation requires local access plus user interaction, which lowers the realistic threat relative to the 7.3 base score.
Windows Key Guard on multiple Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server editions exposes a cryptographic security bypass to locally authenticated low-privilege users due to CWE-1240 (Use of a Cryptographic Primitive with a Risky Implementation), allowing protected key material to be accessed in violation of the Key Guard security boundary. Affected builds span Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2019 through 2025, representing a broad swath of Microsoft's current supported OS surface. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS sits at 0.21% (11th percentile) and SSVC classifies exploitation status as none with no automation potential, indicating low near-term exploitation probability despite the ubiquitous footprint.
Integer underflow in the Windows Kernel enables a locally authenticated attacker to disclose sensitive kernel memory contents across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server platforms. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) confirms that any low-privilege local user can trigger the flaw without special configuration or user interaction, yielding high confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability consequences. Microsoft has released a patch via the July 2026 Security Update Guide; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
Type confusion in the Windows Composite Image File System (CimFS) kernel driver enables local, low-privileged authenticated users to disclose protected memory contents on widely-deployed Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server platforms. The flaw (CWE-843) causes the driver to access a kernel resource via an incompatible type, resulting in unintended memory reads with high confidentiality impact. No public exploit or active exploitation has been confirmed - SSVC lists exploitation as 'none,' EPSS stands at 0.29% (21st percentile), and the vulnerability is absent from the CISA KEV catalog - placing real-world risk in the lower-medium tier despite the C:H CVSS sub-score.
Sensitive information disclosure in the Windows Trusted Runtime Interface Driver permits a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to read protected data from the affected system. The flaw impacts Windows 10 (21H2, 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2, 25H2, 26H1), and Windows Server 2025 across both full and Server Core installations. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA has not listed this in the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog; Microsoft has released patches resolving the issue.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Clip Service (clipboard/cloud clipboard component, cbdhsvc) affects a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2019-2025 builds, where a race condition in concurrent access to a shared resource lets an already-authenticated local attacker win a timing window to gain higher privileges. Reported by Microsoft with a patch available; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV. Note a source conflict: the description and CWE describe privilege elevation with high confidentiality/integrity/availability impact, while the intelligence tags label it 'Information Disclosure' - treat the primary impact as local EoP per the CVSS vector.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows App Store (AppX/package deployment component) allows an authorized, low-privileged user to win a race condition and gain higher privileges on affected Windows client and server builds spanning Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2016 through 2025. Exploitation requires local access and already-held low privileges, and the high attack complexity reflects the timing precision needed to win the race. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV, but Microsoft has released a patch.
Privilege escalation in the Windows Win32K kernel-mode subsystem lets an already-authenticated local user gain SYSTEM-level control across a broad range of Windows client and server releases (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025). Rooted in improper access control (CWE-284), successful exploitation yields full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact on the host. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the CVSS vector's high attack complexity (AC:H) tempers the practical risk.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Win32K kernel-mode subsystem allows an already-authenticated, low-privileged user to elevate to SYSTEM through improper access control (CWE-284). Affected builds span Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV; Microsoft has released a patch.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows Graphics Kernel component allows a low-privileged local user to elevate to SYSTEM by exploiting a use-after-free (CWE-416) memory corruption condition. The flaw affects a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases, was reported by Microsoft, and has a vendor-released patch available. No public exploit is identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV; the high attack complexity (AC:H) makes reliable exploitation non-trivial.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Kernel lets an already-authenticated, low-privileged user corrupt kernel memory via a use-after-free (CWE-416) and gain higher privileges on the host. The flaw affects a broad range of currently-supported Windows client and server releases (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2016 through 2025); Microsoft has shipped a fix. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.
Sensitive information disclosure in the Windows Kernel affects Windows 10 (versions 21H2 and 22H2), Windows 11 (versions 24H2, 25H2, and 26H1), and Windows Server 2022 and 2025, where the kernel writes sensitive data into log files that a low-privileged local user can access. An authorized attacker with a standard local account can read these log files to obtain sensitive kernel-level information, yielding high confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability consequence. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and the EPSS score of 0.36% at the 28th percentile corroborates low near-term exploitation likelihood; Microsoft has released patches addressing all affected versions.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows taskbar (Internal Task Bar component) allows an authenticated attacker to elevate to higher privileges by exploiting a use-after-free memory corruption flaw. The issue affects a broad range of current Windows client and server builds (Windows 10 21H2/22H2, Windows 11 24H2/25H2/26H1, and Windows Server 2025), was reported by Microsoft itself, and is fixed via a vendor patch. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Privilege escalation to SYSTEM level is achievable in Windows Spaceport.sys - the kernel-mode Storage Spaces port driver - across a wide range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases, when an attacker has physical access to the target machine. An integer overflow or wraparound in the driver's arithmetic logic (CWE-190) can corrupt kernel memory structures, enabling full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and SSVC confirms exploitation status as none, but the Technical Impact rating is total, meaning successful exploitation fully compromises the affected system.
Local information disclosure in Windows DirectX exposes sensitive data to unauthorized local actors across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions. The vulnerability (CWE-200) achieves high confidentiality impact per the CVSS vector while producing no integrity or availability impact, meaning an attacker gains read access to protected data without disrupting system operation. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; EPSS at 0.38% (30th percentile) and SSVC exploitation status of 'none' collectively indicate low near-term exploitation probability despite the wide affected surface.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Audio Compression Manager (ACM) allows a low-privileged authenticated user to elevate to higher privileges (CVSS 7.8, CWE-284 improper access control). It affects a broad Windows fleet spanning Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. Reported by Microsoft with a patch available; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Resilient File System (ReFS) allows an authenticated low-privileged user to gain elevated (SYSTEM-level) privileges by triggering a stack-based buffer overflow (CWE-121) in the ReFS driver. The flaw affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases, from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2016 through 2025. Microsoft has released a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the CVE is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows AppX Deployment Service (AppXSvc) lets an already-authenticated, low-privileged user win a race condition to elevate to higher privileges across a broad range of Windows client and server builds (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025). The flaw stems from improper synchronization of a shared resource, and successful exploitation yields full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact on the host. It is reported by Microsoft with a vendor patch available; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Win32K kernel-mode subsystem allows an already-authenticated low-privileged user to elevate to SYSTEM through an improper access-control flaw. The issue affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases, from Windows 10 1607 and Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. Microsoft has released a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the flaw is not listed in CISA KEV.
Uninitialized memory disclosure in the Windows SMB implementation enables a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to read sensitive contents from uninitialized kernel or heap buffers, achieving high confidentiality impact within the affected system. The vulnerability spans Windows 10 (from version 1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (versions 24H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 across both full and Server Core installation types. No public exploit code has been identified and CISA SSVC assesses exploitation status as none, placing this firmly in the patch-and-monitor category rather than emergency response.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Spaceport.sys Storage Spaces driver lets an already-authenticated low-privileged user gain SYSTEM-level control across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2016 through 2025. The flaw stems from a missing authentication check on a critical driver function (CWE-306), and Microsoft has released a patch; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis. With CVSS 7.8 (local, low-privilege) and full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact, it is a strong candidate for chaining after an initial foothold.
Windows Kernel information disclosure across a broad range of Microsoft Windows desktop and server editions allows a local, unprivileged attacker to read sensitive kernel memory or system state not intended for user-space access. The CVSS:3.1 vector AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N confirms local code execution with no special privileges is sufficient to trigger the flaw. EPSS sits at 0.38% (30th percentile) with no CISA KEV listing and SSVC exploitation status of 'none,' indicating no confirmed or publicly observed active exploitation at time of analysis; however, kernel information leaks of this class are routinely used to stage ASLR-bypass steps in multi-stage privilege escalation chains.
Privilege escalation to SYSTEM level is achievable in the Windows USB Video Class (UVC) driver across a broad swath of Windows 10, 11, and Server editions via physical connection of a malicious USB device. The heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) is triggered when the driver processes attacker-controlled UVC descriptors from a crafted device, corrupting kernel heap memory. No active exploitation is confirmed (absent from CISA KEV, SSVC exploitation=none), and EPSS sits at 0.37% (29th percentile), consistent with the physical access barrier that makes mass exploitation impractical.
Elevation of privilege in Microsoft Windows (Server 2012 through 2025 and Windows 10/11 clients) lets a low-privileged local user gain SYSTEM-level rights by abusing an improper access control (CWE-284) weakness. The flaw was reported by Microsoft with a patch available, and CVSS 3.1 rates it 7.8 (High) with local vector and low privileges required. No public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV, so this is a patch-worthy but not emergency issue absent evidence of active exploitation.
Local code execution in the Microsoft Windows NTFS file-system driver lets an attacker run arbitrary code by inducing a victim to interact with a specially crafted NTFS artifact (e.g., a malicious volume, VHD, or file). The flaw stems from an integer underflow (CWE-191) and spans a broad range of Windows client and server builds from Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 10/11. Microsoft has released a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.
LSASS denial-of-service in Microsoft Windows enables authenticated network attackers to exhaust resources in the Local Security Authority Subsystem Service, crashing it and forcing a system reboot across a wide range of Windows 10, 11, and Server releases spanning Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025. Microsoft has released patched builds via its standard update cycle; no public exploit code exists and CISA has not listed this in KEV. Despite the broad product footprint, EPSS of 0.79% and SSVC exploitation status of 'none' indicate low current threat activity, though domain controllers represent elevated-risk targets due to LSASS's role as the authentication hub.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Web Proxy Auto-Discovery Protocol (WPAD) component lets an already-authenticated local user run code with SYSTEM-level rights by triggering an integer overflow (CWE-190). The flaw affects a broad range of Windows client and server builds, from Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2019 through 2025. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV, but the low attack complexity and high triad impact make it a meaningful patch-tier issue.
Integer overflow in Windows Storage Spaces Direct enables an unauthenticated attacker with physical access to execute arbitrary code on affected Windows client and server platforms. The CVSS vector (AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N, C:H/I:H/A:H) confirms that no credentials are required but direct physical presence at the target hardware is mandatory, substantially narrowing the realistic attacker pool. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; SSVC rates exploitation as 'none' and EPSS stands at 0.33% (26th percentile), consistent with a physical-vector vulnerability not currently observed in opportunistic campaigns.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows Kernel allows an unauthorized attacker to gain elevated (SYSTEM-level) privileges by triggering a use-after-free condition (CWE-416) in kernel memory. The flaw affects a broad range of supported Windows client and server releases, from Windows 10 1607 and Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. Microsoft has released a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local code execution in the Windows NTFS driver (CVE-2026-49797) allows an attacker with local access to run arbitrary code by tricking a user into interacting with a maliciously crafted NTFS artifact, exploiting a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122). The flaw affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. Microsoft has released a patch; no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Kernel lets an already-authenticated attacker corrupt kernel memory via a use-after-free (CWE-416) and gain full control of the host. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:L/PR:L, scope-changed with C:H/I:H/A:H) reflects a low-privileged local user escalating to SYSTEM-level compromise across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server builds. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV, but Microsoft has released a patch.
Local code execution in Windows GDI+ (the Graphics Device Interface Plus rendering component) affects a broad range of Microsoft Windows client and server releases from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025. An attacker who convinces a user to open or preview a specially crafted image or document triggers a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) during graphics parsing, yielding arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 7.8 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R); there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV, but GDI+ image-parsing flaws are historically attractive to attackers.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows USB Audio Class driver (usbaudio.sys) enables physical attackers to disclose kernel memory contents across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. Exploitation requires plugging a crafted USB audio device into the target machine, making remote attack impossible by design. No public exploit exists and SSVC exploitation status is confirmed as none, though the High confidentiality impact rating reflects that kernel memory disclosure can expose sensitive in-memory data if triggered.
Local privilege escalation via arbitrary code execution in Microsoft Windows Resilient File System (ReFS) affects a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server (2016-2025) builds. An authorized (low-privileged) attacker who can trigger the vulnerable heap allocation path can corrupt heap memory (CWE-122) to run code in the security context of the ReFS driver, yielding full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the flaw is not on the CISA KEV list.
Local code execution in Microsoft's Resilient File System (ReFS) driver allows an authorized (low-privileged) attacker to run arbitrary code with elevated context via a numeric truncation flaw. The bug affects the ReFS component shipped with Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2016 through 2025. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV; note that the CVE's own tags label it 'Information Disclosure' while the description and CVSS impact (C:H/I:H/A:H) describe full code execution - the code-execution reading should be treated as authoritative.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) lets an already-authenticated low-privileged user (PR:L) abuse a symbolic-link/junction resolution flaw (CWE-59) to redirect a privileged file operation and gain SYSTEM-level control on affected Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012-2025 hosts. Microsoft has released patches; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the flaw is not in CISA KEV, with a low EPSS of 0.28% (20th percentile). SSVC rates technical impact as total but marks exploitation as none and not automatable, consistent with a hands-on local escalation rather than a mass-exploitable remote bug.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows Universal Disk Format File System driver (udfs.sys) lets an authenticated low-privileged user gain SYSTEM-level control by triggering an integer underflow (CWE-191) while parsing a malicious UDF-formatted volume. It affects a broad Windows footprint from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025. Currently there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS is low (0.31%), and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none, though the technical impact is total.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows NTFS driver lets an already-authenticated attacker overflow a stack buffer (CWE-121) to run code with full system-level privileges. It affects a broad swath of supported Windows client and server builds, from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and CISA's SSVC framework currently rates exploitation as none; EPSS is low at 0.34% (26th percentile), so this is a patch-on-schedule elevation-of-privilege bug rather than an emergency.
Denial of service in the Windows HTTP/2 network stack allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to exhaust server resources and render affected services unavailable across a broad range of Windows client and server releases (Windows 10/11 and Windows Server 2016 through 2025). Reported by Microsoft with a vendor patch available; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV. The 7.5 CVSS reflects high availability impact with no confidentiality or integrity loss.
Denial of service in Microsoft Windows HTTP.sys allows remote unauthenticated attackers to exhaust system resources and make affected hosts unresponsive over the network. The flaw stems from missing resource limits/throttling (CWE-770) in the kernel-mode HTTP protocol stack, affecting a broad range of Windows client and server releases from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2016 through 2025. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV; a vendor patch is available via MSRC.
Security feature bypass in Windows Secure Boot (CWE-358) allows a locally authenticated attacker on affected Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server (2016 through 2025) systems to defeat the boot-integrity trust chain due to an improperly implemented standard security check. Because Secure Boot is the gate that blocks unsigned/tampered bootloaders and rootkits, a successful bypass can enable pre-OS persistence and undermine downstream protections such as BitLocker and Measured Boot. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the CVE is not listed in CISA KEV; Microsoft has published a patch via its update guide.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Clipboard Server (Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2019 through 2025) allows an already-authenticated low-privileged user to win a race condition and gain higher privileges on the host. Microsoft credits its own researchers and has shipped a fix; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the CVSS base score is 7.0 (High). The high attack complexity reflects the timing precision needed to exploit the race, which meaningfully limits reliable weaponization.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows NTFS filesystem driver (CWE-122 heap-based buffer overflow) lets a locally authenticated attacker corrupt kernel heap memory and execute arbitrary code, per Microsoft's CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:L/PR:L). Affected builds span Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and CISA SSVC rates current exploitation as 'none', with a low EPSS score of 0.29% (21st percentile), though the technical impact is rated 'total'.
Link-following vulnerability in Windows upnp.dll (Universal Plug and Play) enables a locally authenticated attacker with standard user privileges to read files outside intended access boundaries by planting symbolic links or junction points that the service resolves without proper validation. Affected scope spans Windows 10 (versions 1607-22H2), Windows 11 (versions 24H2-26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; EPSS of 0.27% (19th percentile) and CISA SSVC exploitation status of 'none' collectively indicate low near-term exploitation probability.
Remote code execution in Microsoft Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) allows an authenticated network attacker to run arbitrary code on domain controllers by triggering a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122). Affected platforms span Windows Server 2012 through 2025 (including Server Core) and Windows 10/11 clients acting in AD roles, with Microsoft-issued patches available. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not on CISA KEV, but the CVSS 8.8 rating and the sensitivity of the domain-controller attack surface make this a high-priority patch.
Denial of service in the Windows Local Security Authority Subsystem Service (LSASS) allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to crash the service and disrupt authentication across all supported Windows client and server releases from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025. The flaw stems from an excessive-size memory allocation (CWE-789) triggerable over the network with no privileges or user interaction, and while a vendor patch is available, there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV. Impact is limited to availability (A:H) with no confidentiality or integrity loss, but LSASS failure can force system instability or reboots, affecting domain authentication and logon.
Denial of service in Windows Cryptographic Services affects a broad sweep of supported Microsoft platforms, from Windows 10 (1607) and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. A memory-leak flaw (CWE-401) lets a remote, unauthenticated attacker send network traffic that fails to release memory over time, degrading or exhausting the affected service until availability is impacted. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, exploitation is not yet observed (SSVC: none), and EPSS is low (0.78%), but a vendor patch is available and Automatable is 'yes', warranting prompt patching.
Windows Event Logging Service across a wide range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions fails to enforce its intended protection mechanisms, permitting any authenticated low-privileged network user to read information that should be access-controlled. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N) confirms exploitation requires only a valid low-privilege account and network connectivity, with no user interaction and no elevated rights - making it a practical post-compromise lateral-movement or reconnaissance tool. No public exploit code has been identified and this CVE is not listed in CISA KEV at time of analysis, but the ubiquitous deployment footprint across the Windows ecosystem elevates organizational exposure.
Remote code execution in Windows PowerShell allows an authenticated attacker with low privileges to run arbitrary code across a network by exploiting a relative path traversal (CWE-23) flaw, provided a victim is induced to interact (UI:R). Affecting supported Windows 10/11 clients and Windows Server 2012 through 2025, the issue carries a CVSS 8.0 with full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact, and a vendor patch is available via MSRC. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the CVE is not listed in CISA KEV.
Windows File Explorer on affected Microsoft Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server platforms exposes sensitive information to locally authenticated low-privilege users without authorization. The CWE-200 root cause indicates inadequate access restrictions within the File Explorer shell component, enabling a user to read data beyond their authorization boundary. No public exploit exists and SSVC confirms no observed exploitation activity, but the broad Windows deployment footprint and high confidentiality impact (C:H) make this relevant for shared-access environments, terminal servers, and organizations with insider-threat concerns.
Windows File Explorer across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases contains a use-of-uninitialized-resource flaw (CWE-908) that allows a low-privileged local attacker to read stale memory contents and disclose potentially sensitive information. The vulnerability is locally constrained (AV:L, PR:L) with no integrity or availability impact, and SSVC signals no known exploitation and no automatable attack path. EPSS at 0.31% (22nd percentile) and the absence of a CISA KEV entry collectively indicate low near-term exploitation likelihood despite the wide deployment footprint of the affected OS.
Windows Audio Service on multiple Windows desktop and server versions improperly exposes sensitive information to locally authenticated standard users, enabling information disclosure without requiring elevated privileges. Affecting Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2019 (with Server 2022 and 2025 referenced in tags), the flaw is exploitable post-foothold by any low-privileged local account, making it a realistic post-exploitation pivot rather than an initial access vector. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and a vendor-released patch is confirmed available via the Microsoft Security Response Center.
Windows File Explorer on virtually all supported Microsoft Windows desktop and server editions leaks sensitive information to locally authenticated low-privileged users, classified under CWE-200. The flaw allows a local attacker holding only a standard account to access data that should be restricted to higher-privileged processes - with no user interaction required (UI:N) and low attack complexity (AC:L). Despite the high confidentiality impact in the CVSS vector, EPSS sits at just 0.36% (28th percentile) and SSVC confirms exploitation as 'none' and the attack as not automatable, placing this firmly in the category of a patch-cycle priority rather than an emergency response. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege escalation via a heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows NTFS driver allows an authenticated attacker with low privileges to execute arbitrary code and gain full SYSTEM-level control. It affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases, from Windows 10 1607 and Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and SSVC records no observed exploitation; EPSS is low at 0.29% (21st percentile).
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Narrator (the built-in screen reader) arises from improper neutralization of special elements in its Braille support component, allowing an already-authenticated local attacker (PR:L) to inject and execute OS commands that run with elevated privileges. All supported Windows client and server builds from Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2019-2025 are affected, and Microsoft has released a patch. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the CVE is not in CISA KEV, so exploitation is not confirmed as active.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows Kernel (CWE-125) enables a locally authenticated attacker with standard user privileges to bypass a kernel security feature and read kernel memory contents. Confirmed by Microsoft (MSRC) across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 editions, with patches available for all affected builds. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing exist at time of analysis; EPSS at 0.29% (20th percentile) and SSVC exploitation status of 'none' together signal low current exploitation activity, though the kernel memory disclosure primitive is a classic KASLR-defeat building block in chained exploits.
Local code execution in Microsoft Windows Media Foundation lets an attacker run arbitrary code in the context of the victim after luring them to open a maliciously crafted media file. The flaw (CVE-2026-58610, CWE-122 heap-based buffer overflow) affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2016 through 2025. CVSS is 7.8 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R) with full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not on CISA KEV.
Local code execution in the Microsoft Graphics Component affects a broad range of supported Windows client and server releases (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025). An attacker who convinces a user to open a specially crafted file or content triggers an out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) that Microsoft rates as enabling code execution with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV; exploitation requires local access plus user interaction, making it a standard patch-cycle priority rather than an emergency.
Remote code execution in the Windows Print Spooler components stems from an improperly synchronized race condition (CWE-362) that an authenticated, network-adjacent attacker can win to run code with full system impact. Microsoft (the reporter) has shipped fixes across the entire supported Windows and Windows Server line, but exploitation requires low privileges and a hard-to-hit timing window, so this is a real-but-non-trivial priority rather than a drop-everything emergency. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS is low at 0.53% (41st percentile), and CISA SSVC scores exploitation as none.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Virtual Hard Disk (VHD) Miniport Driver lets an authenticated low-privileged user corrupt kernel heap memory and gain SYSTEM-level control. The flaw (CWE-122 heap-based buffer overflow, CVSS 7.8) affects a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server builds and was reported by Microsoft. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Storage component affects a broad range of Windows client and server builds (Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2019 through 2025). By exploiting a use-after-free memory-corruption flaw (CWE-416), an already-authenticated local attacker can elevate to SYSTEM-level privileges. Reported by Microsoft with a patch available; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS is low (0.15%), and CISA SSVC records exploitation status as none.
Information disclosure in the Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) stack across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012 R2 through 2025 lets a remote, unauthenticated attacker read memory beyond intended bounds and leak sensitive data over the network. Microsoft has published a patch and CVSS 3.1 rates it 7.5 (high) for the confidentiality-only impact. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and CISA's SSVC framework marks exploitation as 'none' with only partial technical impact, so this is a patch-on-schedule issue rather than an emergency.
Integer overflow in the Windows Devices Human Interface (HID) subsystem enables a local, low-privileged attacker to disclose sensitive information on affected systems. The vulnerability spans Windows 10 (versions 1809 through 22H2), Windows 11 (versions 24H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2019 through 2025, representing a broad attack surface across Microsoft's supported OS portfolio. No public exploit code exists and CISA SSVC rates current exploitation as none, with an EPSS score of 0.30% (22nd percentile) confirming very low near-term exploitation probability.
Windows Push Notifications on multiple Windows 10, 11, and Server editions exposes sensitive information to low-privileged local attackers, who can read notification content or related data scoped to other users or higher-privilege contexts without any user interaction. Affected platforms span Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2016 through 2025, with vendor-confirmed fixed build versions available via Microsoft Update. No public exploit exists and no active exploitation is confirmed - SSVC rates exploitation as none and EPSS sits at 0.36% (28th percentile) - making this a secondary patching priority unless operating shared multi-user Windows environments.
Sensitive information disclosure in Windows Push Notifications (WPN) permits a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to read confidential data they are not authorized to access. Affected systems span Windows 10 (1809 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2 through 26H1), Windows Server 2019, 2022, and 2025, covering a broad enterprise and consumer footprint. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS sits at 0.36% (28th percentile), and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none with non-automatable attack paths.
Sensitive information disclosure in Windows Push Notifications allows a locally authenticated standard user to access notification data they are not authorized to view across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2022/2025 platforms. The flaw (CWE-200) requires only low-privilege local access - no elevated rights or user interaction - making it exploitable by any interactive user on a vulnerable host. No public exploit code exists at time of analysis, and both EPSS (0.36%, 28th percentile) and SSVC (exploitation: none, automatable: no) signals indicate low near-term weaponization risk despite the high confidentiality impact rating.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Internal System User Profile component allows an already-authenticated attacker to gain elevated (SYSTEM-level) privileges by triggering a use-after-free memory corruption condition (CWE-416). The flaw affects Windows 10 (21H2/22H2), Windows 11 (24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2025 including Server Core. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV, but the CVSS 7.8 rating and full high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability make it a meaningful patch-cycle priority.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows USB driver stack lets an already-authenticated low-privileged user win a race condition (CWE-362) to gain SYSTEM-level control across Windows 10 (1607-22H2), Windows 11 (24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. Reported by Microsoft with a patch available; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV. EPSS is low (0.19%, 9th percentile) and SSVC rates exploitation as none but technical impact as total, indicating high damage potential if a working exploit is developed.
Local code execution in Microsoft Windows arises from a heap-based buffer overflow in a Windows Data DLL, letting an attacker who can get a victim to open crafted content run arbitrary code with the victim's privileges. Affected builds span Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2, 25H2, 26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. Microsoft (the reporter) has released a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Install Service (Windows Installer) affects supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2019-2025 builds, letting an already-authenticated local user with limited rights (PR:L) elevate to SYSTEM. The flaw stems from improper privilege management (CWE-269) in how the service handles operations, yielding full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. Microsoft has released a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the CVE is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Application Model (the subsystem underlying UWP/packaged app lifecycle and activation) lets an authorized attacker with an existing low-privileged foothold gain SYSTEM-level control by triggering a use-after-free memory-corruption condition. All supported Windows client and server builds from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2016 through Server 2025 are affected. This is a Microsoft-reported flaw with a vendor patch available; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not on CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows Resilient File System (ReFS) driver allows an authenticated attacker to run code with SYSTEM-level privileges by triggering a heap-based buffer overflow. The flaw (CVSS 7.8) affects a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2016-2025 builds and carries high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. It is a Microsoft-reported issue with a vendor patch available, and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Buffer over-read in the Windows NTFS kernel driver exposes adjacent memory contents to a local attacker holding a standard user account across a broad range of Windows 10, 11, and Server releases. Exploitation is constrained to AV:L/PR:L, meaning an attacker must already have interactive or programmatic local access before triggering the CWE-126 condition - making this a post-compromise reconnaissance primitive rather than an initial-access vector. EPSS stands at 0.31% (22nd percentile) and SSVC confirms no known exploitation activity, placing this at low operational urgency despite the High confidentiality impact rating.
Remote code execution in Microsoft Windows GDI+ (gdiplus) lets an unauthenticated network attacker run arbitrary code when a victim opens or renders a specially crafted image, via a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122). The flaw affects a broad range of supported Windows client and server builds (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025). It carries a critical CVSS 9.6 with a scope-changed impact, but requires user interaction and currently has no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Local code execution in Microsoft Windows NTFS driver (heap-based buffer overflow, CWE-122) allows an attacker to run arbitrary code with the privileges of the exploited context. The flaw affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025. CVSS 7.8 with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact; exploitation requires local access and user interaction, and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Unified Consent System (UCS) lets an already-authenticated attacker exploit a use-after-free memory-corruption flaw (CWE-416) to gain higher privileges, potentially up to SYSTEM. It affects a broad range of current Windows client and server builds including Windows 10 21H2/22H2, Windows 11 24H2/25H2/26H1, and Windows Server 2025. Reported by Microsoft with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.8; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows TCP/IP stack lets a low-privileged authenticated user corrupt kernel memory via a use-after-free (CWE-416) and elevate to SYSTEM. It affects a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server builds through 2025, was reported by Microsoft, and carries CVSS 7.8; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS is low (0.20%, 10th percentile).
Windows Kernel information disclosure across a broad range of Microsoft Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server editions allows a locally authenticated low-privileged attacker to read sensitive kernel memory contents they are not authorized to access. The flaw is classified under CWE-200 (Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor) and is confined to local exploitation with no integrity or availability impact. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches addressing the issue across all affected version branches per EUVD-2026-43865.
Local code execution in Microsoft Windows NTFS arises from a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) that an authorized, low-privileged local user can trigger to run arbitrary code and elevate to SYSTEM. The flaw spans a broad Windows footprint from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the CVSS 3.1 base score is 7.8 (High).
Local privilege escalation in Windows App Installer (the MSIX/AppX package deployment component, msixbundle/App Installer) lets an already-authenticated low-privileged user overflow a stack buffer to gain higher privileges on affected Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server builds. Microsoft self-reported the flaw and has shipped a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV. The CVSS 7.8 (AV:L/PR:L) rating reflects a locally-launched attack with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact.
Local code execution in the Windows NTFS file system driver lets an unauthorized attacker run arbitrary code by tricking a user into interacting with specially crafted content, per Microsoft's MSRC advisory. The flaw is a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) affecting a broad range of Windows releases from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025. No public exploit is identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV, but the low attack complexity and full-CIA impact make it a meaningful local code-execution risk.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Notification component lets an already-authenticated low-privileged user elevate to higher privileges (SYSTEM) across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. The flaw stems from an incorrect type conversion/cast (CWE-704) and carries a CVSS 7.8 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. Microsoft has released a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the CVE is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows NTFS file-system driver allows an authenticated attacker to run code with elevated (SYSTEM-level) privileges by triggering a stack-based buffer overflow (CWE-121). The flaw was reported by Microsoft and affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV; the CVSS 3.1 base score is 7.8 (High).
Privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows SMB Server allows an already-authenticated network attacker to elevate to higher privileges by abusing a flawed authentication algorithm, yielding high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. The flaw affects Windows 10 (21H2/22H2), Windows 11 (24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2022/2025 including Server Core. Reported by Microsoft with a patch available; no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege elevation in the Microsoft Windows TCP/IP networking stack lets an already-authenticated, low-privileged user corrupt kernel memory via a use-after-free (CWE-416) and gain SYSTEM-level control. The flaw affects a broad range of client and server SKUs from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025, including Server Core installations. Microsoft reported the issue and has released a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the CVE is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Push Notifications component (WNS/WpnService) lets an already-authenticated low-privileged user overwrite adjacent heap memory to gain SYSTEM-level control across Windows 10 (1607-22H2), Windows 11 (24H2-26H1), and Windows Server 2012 R2 through 2025. Microsoft reported the flaw and has shipped a fix; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV. The high CVSS 7.8 reflects full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact once triggered, but exploitation requires prior local access.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows Kernel allows an already-authenticated attacker to gain SYSTEM-level control by exploiting a use-after-free (CWE-416) memory corruption condition. The flaw affects a broad range of supported Windows client and server releases (Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2019 through 2025) and, per the CVSS 7.8 vector, yields full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV; Microsoft has released a patch.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Redirected Drive Buffering Subsystem (RDBSS) lets an authenticated low-privileged attacker read memory beyond an allocated buffer to elevate to higher privileges. The flaw affects a broad range of currently-supported Windows client and server releases (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025) and carries a CVSS 7.0 (High) rating. Microsoft has released a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Kernel lets a low-privileged, authenticated attacker gain SYSTEM-level control by triggering a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122). The flaw spans a broad platform range from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025, and was reported internally by Microsoft. No public exploit is identified at time of analysis and it is not in CISA KEV, but the ubiquity of the affected component plus full high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability make it a meaningful patch priority.
Windows Cryptographic Services improperly validates certificates across multiple Windows 10, 11, and Server editions, enabling remote unauthenticated attackers to bypass security features enforced by the PKI/certificate trust chain over a network path. Affected platforms span Windows 10 21H2 and 22H2, Windows 11 24H2 through 26H1, and Windows Server 2022 and 2025 in both full and Server Core deployments. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS at 0.24% (15th percentile) and SSVC exploitation status of 'none' together indicate low near-term exploitation probability despite the broad product footprint.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Server Backup (WBADMIN component shipped with Windows 10 21H2/22H2 and Windows 11 24H2/25H2/26H1) lets an authorized, low-privileged user abuse a symbolic-link/junction race so that a backup operation acts on an attacker-chosen path, yielding SYSTEM-level access. Microsoft has released a patch and reported the flaw itself; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV. Successful exploitation requires local access plus user interaction, which lowers the realistic threat relative to the 7.3 base score.
Windows Key Guard on multiple Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server editions exposes a cryptographic security bypass to locally authenticated low-privilege users due to CWE-1240 (Use of a Cryptographic Primitive with a Risky Implementation), allowing protected key material to be accessed in violation of the Key Guard security boundary. Affected builds span Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2019 through 2025, representing a broad swath of Microsoft's current supported OS surface. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS sits at 0.21% (11th percentile) and SSVC classifies exploitation status as none with no automation potential, indicating low near-term exploitation probability despite the ubiquitous footprint.
Integer underflow in the Windows Kernel enables a locally authenticated attacker to disclose sensitive kernel memory contents across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server platforms. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) confirms that any low-privilege local user can trigger the flaw without special configuration or user interaction, yielding high confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability consequences. Microsoft has released a patch via the July 2026 Security Update Guide; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
Type confusion in the Windows Composite Image File System (CimFS) kernel driver enables local, low-privileged authenticated users to disclose protected memory contents on widely-deployed Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server platforms. The flaw (CWE-843) causes the driver to access a kernel resource via an incompatible type, resulting in unintended memory reads with high confidentiality impact. No public exploit or active exploitation has been confirmed - SSVC lists exploitation as 'none,' EPSS stands at 0.29% (21st percentile), and the vulnerability is absent from the CISA KEV catalog - placing real-world risk in the lower-medium tier despite the C:H CVSS sub-score.
Sensitive information disclosure in the Windows Trusted Runtime Interface Driver permits a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to read protected data from the affected system. The flaw impacts Windows 10 (21H2, 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2, 25H2, 26H1), and Windows Server 2025 across both full and Server Core installations. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA has not listed this in the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog; Microsoft has released patches resolving the issue.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Clip Service (clipboard/cloud clipboard component, cbdhsvc) affects a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2019-2025 builds, where a race condition in concurrent access to a shared resource lets an already-authenticated local attacker win a timing window to gain higher privileges. Reported by Microsoft with a patch available; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV. Note a source conflict: the description and CWE describe privilege elevation with high confidentiality/integrity/availability impact, while the intelligence tags label it 'Information Disclosure' - treat the primary impact as local EoP per the CVSS vector.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows App Store (AppX/package deployment component) allows an authorized, low-privileged user to win a race condition and gain higher privileges on affected Windows client and server builds spanning Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2016 through 2025. Exploitation requires local access and already-held low privileges, and the high attack complexity reflects the timing precision needed to win the race. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV, but Microsoft has released a patch.
Privilege escalation in the Windows Win32K kernel-mode subsystem lets an already-authenticated local user gain SYSTEM-level control across a broad range of Windows client and server releases (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025). Rooted in improper access control (CWE-284), successful exploitation yields full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact on the host. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the CVSS vector's high attack complexity (AC:H) tempers the practical risk.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Win32K kernel-mode subsystem allows an already-authenticated, low-privileged user to elevate to SYSTEM through improper access control (CWE-284). Affected builds span Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV; Microsoft has released a patch.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows Graphics Kernel component allows a low-privileged local user to elevate to SYSTEM by exploiting a use-after-free (CWE-416) memory corruption condition. The flaw affects a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases, was reported by Microsoft, and has a vendor-released patch available. No public exploit is identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV; the high attack complexity (AC:H) makes reliable exploitation non-trivial.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Kernel lets an already-authenticated, low-privileged user corrupt kernel memory via a use-after-free (CWE-416) and gain higher privileges on the host. The flaw affects a broad range of currently-supported Windows client and server releases (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2016 through 2025); Microsoft has shipped a fix. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.
Sensitive information disclosure in the Windows Kernel affects Windows 10 (versions 21H2 and 22H2), Windows 11 (versions 24H2, 25H2, and 26H1), and Windows Server 2022 and 2025, where the kernel writes sensitive data into log files that a low-privileged local user can access. An authorized attacker with a standard local account can read these log files to obtain sensitive kernel-level information, yielding high confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability consequence. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and the EPSS score of 0.36% at the 28th percentile corroborates low near-term exploitation likelihood; Microsoft has released patches addressing all affected versions.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows taskbar (Internal Task Bar component) allows an authenticated attacker to elevate to higher privileges by exploiting a use-after-free memory corruption flaw. The issue affects a broad range of current Windows client and server builds (Windows 10 21H2/22H2, Windows 11 24H2/25H2/26H1, and Windows Server 2025), was reported by Microsoft itself, and is fixed via a vendor patch. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Privilege escalation to SYSTEM level is achievable in Windows Spaceport.sys - the kernel-mode Storage Spaces port driver - across a wide range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases, when an attacker has physical access to the target machine. An integer overflow or wraparound in the driver's arithmetic logic (CWE-190) can corrupt kernel memory structures, enabling full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and SSVC confirms exploitation status as none, but the Technical Impact rating is total, meaning successful exploitation fully compromises the affected system.
Local information disclosure in Windows DirectX exposes sensitive data to unauthorized local actors across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions. The vulnerability (CWE-200) achieves high confidentiality impact per the CVSS vector while producing no integrity or availability impact, meaning an attacker gains read access to protected data without disrupting system operation. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; EPSS at 0.38% (30th percentile) and SSVC exploitation status of 'none' collectively indicate low near-term exploitation probability despite the wide affected surface.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Audio Compression Manager (ACM) allows a low-privileged authenticated user to elevate to higher privileges (CVSS 7.8, CWE-284 improper access control). It affects a broad Windows fleet spanning Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. Reported by Microsoft with a patch available; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Resilient File System (ReFS) allows an authenticated low-privileged user to gain elevated (SYSTEM-level) privileges by triggering a stack-based buffer overflow (CWE-121) in the ReFS driver. The flaw affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases, from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2016 through 2025. Microsoft has released a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the CVE is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows AppX Deployment Service (AppXSvc) lets an already-authenticated, low-privileged user win a race condition to elevate to higher privileges across a broad range of Windows client and server builds (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025). The flaw stems from improper synchronization of a shared resource, and successful exploitation yields full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact on the host. It is reported by Microsoft with a vendor patch available; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Win32K kernel-mode subsystem allows an already-authenticated low-privileged user to elevate to SYSTEM through an improper access-control flaw. The issue affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases, from Windows 10 1607 and Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. Microsoft has released a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the flaw is not listed in CISA KEV.
Uninitialized memory disclosure in the Windows SMB implementation enables a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to read sensitive contents from uninitialized kernel or heap buffers, achieving high confidentiality impact within the affected system. The vulnerability spans Windows 10 (from version 1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (versions 24H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 across both full and Server Core installation types. No public exploit code has been identified and CISA SSVC assesses exploitation status as none, placing this firmly in the patch-and-monitor category rather than emergency response.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Spaceport.sys Storage Spaces driver lets an already-authenticated low-privileged user gain SYSTEM-level control across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2016 through 2025. The flaw stems from a missing authentication check on a critical driver function (CWE-306), and Microsoft has released a patch; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis. With CVSS 7.8 (local, low-privilege) and full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact, it is a strong candidate for chaining after an initial foothold.
Windows Kernel information disclosure across a broad range of Microsoft Windows desktop and server editions allows a local, unprivileged attacker to read sensitive kernel memory or system state not intended for user-space access. The CVSS:3.1 vector AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N confirms local code execution with no special privileges is sufficient to trigger the flaw. EPSS sits at 0.38% (30th percentile) with no CISA KEV listing and SSVC exploitation status of 'none,' indicating no confirmed or publicly observed active exploitation at time of analysis; however, kernel information leaks of this class are routinely used to stage ASLR-bypass steps in multi-stage privilege escalation chains.
Privilege escalation to SYSTEM level is achievable in the Windows USB Video Class (UVC) driver across a broad swath of Windows 10, 11, and Server editions via physical connection of a malicious USB device. The heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) is triggered when the driver processes attacker-controlled UVC descriptors from a crafted device, corrupting kernel heap memory. No active exploitation is confirmed (absent from CISA KEV, SSVC exploitation=none), and EPSS sits at 0.37% (29th percentile), consistent with the physical access barrier that makes mass exploitation impractical.
Elevation of privilege in Microsoft Windows (Server 2012 through 2025 and Windows 10/11 clients) lets a low-privileged local user gain SYSTEM-level rights by abusing an improper access control (CWE-284) weakness. The flaw was reported by Microsoft with a patch available, and CVSS 3.1 rates it 7.8 (High) with local vector and low privileges required. No public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV, so this is a patch-worthy but not emergency issue absent evidence of active exploitation.
Local code execution in the Microsoft Windows NTFS file-system driver lets an attacker run arbitrary code by inducing a victim to interact with a specially crafted NTFS artifact (e.g., a malicious volume, VHD, or file). The flaw stems from an integer underflow (CWE-191) and spans a broad range of Windows client and server builds from Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 10/11. Microsoft has released a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.
LSASS denial-of-service in Microsoft Windows enables authenticated network attackers to exhaust resources in the Local Security Authority Subsystem Service, crashing it and forcing a system reboot across a wide range of Windows 10, 11, and Server releases spanning Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025. Microsoft has released patched builds via its standard update cycle; no public exploit code exists and CISA has not listed this in KEV. Despite the broad product footprint, EPSS of 0.79% and SSVC exploitation status of 'none' indicate low current threat activity, though domain controllers represent elevated-risk targets due to LSASS's role as the authentication hub.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Web Proxy Auto-Discovery Protocol (WPAD) component lets an already-authenticated local user run code with SYSTEM-level rights by triggering an integer overflow (CWE-190). The flaw affects a broad range of Windows client and server builds, from Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2019 through 2025. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV, but the low attack complexity and high triad impact make it a meaningful patch-tier issue.
Integer overflow in Windows Storage Spaces Direct enables an unauthenticated attacker with physical access to execute arbitrary code on affected Windows client and server platforms. The CVSS vector (AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N, C:H/I:H/A:H) confirms that no credentials are required but direct physical presence at the target hardware is mandatory, substantially narrowing the realistic attacker pool. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; SSVC rates exploitation as 'none' and EPSS stands at 0.33% (26th percentile), consistent with a physical-vector vulnerability not currently observed in opportunistic campaigns.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows Kernel allows an unauthorized attacker to gain elevated (SYSTEM-level) privileges by triggering a use-after-free condition (CWE-416) in kernel memory. The flaw affects a broad range of supported Windows client and server releases, from Windows 10 1607 and Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. Microsoft has released a patch; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local code execution in the Windows NTFS driver (CVE-2026-49797) allows an attacker with local access to run arbitrary code by tricking a user into interacting with a maliciously crafted NTFS artifact, exploiting a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122). The flaw affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. Microsoft has released a patch; no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Kernel lets an already-authenticated attacker corrupt kernel memory via a use-after-free (CWE-416) and gain full control of the host. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:L/PR:L, scope-changed with C:H/I:H/A:H) reflects a low-privileged local user escalating to SYSTEM-level compromise across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server builds. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV, but Microsoft has released a patch.
Local code execution in Windows GDI+ (the Graphics Device Interface Plus rendering component) affects a broad range of Microsoft Windows client and server releases from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025. An attacker who convinces a user to open or preview a specially crafted image or document triggers a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) during graphics parsing, yielding arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 7.8 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R); there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV, but GDI+ image-parsing flaws are historically attractive to attackers.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows USB Audio Class driver (usbaudio.sys) enables physical attackers to disclose kernel memory contents across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. Exploitation requires plugging a crafted USB audio device into the target machine, making remote attack impossible by design. No public exploit exists and SSVC exploitation status is confirmed as none, though the High confidentiality impact rating reflects that kernel memory disclosure can expose sensitive in-memory data if triggered.
Local privilege escalation via arbitrary code execution in Microsoft Windows Resilient File System (ReFS) affects a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server (2016-2025) builds. An authorized (low-privileged) attacker who can trigger the vulnerable heap allocation path can corrupt heap memory (CWE-122) to run code in the security context of the ReFS driver, yielding full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the flaw is not on the CISA KEV list.
Local code execution in Microsoft's Resilient File System (ReFS) driver allows an authorized (low-privileged) attacker to run arbitrary code with elevated context via a numeric truncation flaw. The bug affects the ReFS component shipped with Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2016 through 2025. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV; note that the CVE's own tags label it 'Information Disclosure' while the description and CVSS impact (C:H/I:H/A:H) describe full code execution - the code-execution reading should be treated as authoritative.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) lets an already-authenticated low-privileged user (PR:L) abuse a symbolic-link/junction resolution flaw (CWE-59) to redirect a privileged file operation and gain SYSTEM-level control on affected Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012-2025 hosts. Microsoft has released patches; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the flaw is not in CISA KEV, with a low EPSS of 0.28% (20th percentile). SSVC rates technical impact as total but marks exploitation as none and not automatable, consistent with a hands-on local escalation rather than a mass-exploitable remote bug.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows Universal Disk Format File System driver (udfs.sys) lets an authenticated low-privileged user gain SYSTEM-level control by triggering an integer underflow (CWE-191) while parsing a malicious UDF-formatted volume. It affects a broad Windows footprint from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025. Currently there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS is low (0.31%), and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none, though the technical impact is total.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows NTFS driver lets an already-authenticated attacker overflow a stack buffer (CWE-121) to run code with full system-level privileges. It affects a broad swath of supported Windows client and server builds, from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and CISA's SSVC framework currently rates exploitation as none; EPSS is low at 0.34% (26th percentile), so this is a patch-on-schedule elevation-of-privilege bug rather than an emergency.
Denial of service in the Windows HTTP/2 network stack allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to exhaust server resources and render affected services unavailable across a broad range of Windows client and server releases (Windows 10/11 and Windows Server 2016 through 2025). Reported by Microsoft with a vendor patch available; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV. The 7.5 CVSS reflects high availability impact with no confidentiality or integrity loss.
Denial of service in Microsoft Windows HTTP.sys allows remote unauthenticated attackers to exhaust system resources and make affected hosts unresponsive over the network. The flaw stems from missing resource limits/throttling (CWE-770) in the kernel-mode HTTP protocol stack, affecting a broad range of Windows client and server releases from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2016 through 2025. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV; a vendor patch is available via MSRC.
Security feature bypass in Windows Secure Boot (CWE-358) allows a locally authenticated attacker on affected Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server (2016 through 2025) systems to defeat the boot-integrity trust chain due to an improperly implemented standard security check. Because Secure Boot is the gate that blocks unsigned/tampered bootloaders and rootkits, a successful bypass can enable pre-OS persistence and undermine downstream protections such as BitLocker and Measured Boot. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the CVE is not listed in CISA KEV; Microsoft has published a patch via its update guide.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Clipboard Server (Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2019 through 2025) allows an already-authenticated low-privileged user to win a race condition and gain higher privileges on the host. Microsoft credits its own researchers and has shipped a fix; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the CVSS base score is 7.0 (High). The high attack complexity reflects the timing precision needed to exploit the race, which meaningfully limits reliable weaponization.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows NTFS filesystem driver (CWE-122 heap-based buffer overflow) lets a locally authenticated attacker corrupt kernel heap memory and execute arbitrary code, per Microsoft's CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:L/PR:L). Affected builds span Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and CISA SSVC rates current exploitation as 'none', with a low EPSS score of 0.29% (21st percentile), though the technical impact is rated 'total'.
Link-following vulnerability in Windows upnp.dll (Universal Plug and Play) enables a locally authenticated attacker with standard user privileges to read files outside intended access boundaries by planting symbolic links or junction points that the service resolves without proper validation. Affected scope spans Windows 10 (versions 1607-22H2), Windows 11 (versions 24H2-26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; EPSS of 0.27% (19th percentile) and CISA SSVC exploitation status of 'none' collectively indicate low near-term exploitation probability.
Remote code execution in Microsoft Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) allows an authenticated network attacker to run arbitrary code on domain controllers by triggering a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122). Affected platforms span Windows Server 2012 through 2025 (including Server Core) and Windows 10/11 clients acting in AD roles, with Microsoft-issued patches available. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not on CISA KEV, but the CVSS 8.8 rating and the sensitivity of the domain-controller attack surface make this a high-priority patch.
Denial of service in the Windows Local Security Authority Subsystem Service (LSASS) allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to crash the service and disrupt authentication across all supported Windows client and server releases from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025. The flaw stems from an excessive-size memory allocation (CWE-789) triggerable over the network with no privileges or user interaction, and while a vendor patch is available, there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV. Impact is limited to availability (A:H) with no confidentiality or integrity loss, but LSASS failure can force system instability or reboots, affecting domain authentication and logon.
Denial of service in Windows Cryptographic Services affects a broad sweep of supported Microsoft platforms, from Windows 10 (1607) and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. A memory-leak flaw (CWE-401) lets a remote, unauthenticated attacker send network traffic that fails to release memory over time, degrading or exhausting the affected service until availability is impacted. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, exploitation is not yet observed (SSVC: none), and EPSS is low (0.78%), but a vendor patch is available and Automatable is 'yes', warranting prompt patching.
Windows Event Logging Service across a wide range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions fails to enforce its intended protection mechanisms, permitting any authenticated low-privileged network user to read information that should be access-controlled. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N) confirms exploitation requires only a valid low-privilege account and network connectivity, with no user interaction and no elevated rights - making it a practical post-compromise lateral-movement or reconnaissance tool. No public exploit code has been identified and this CVE is not listed in CISA KEV at time of analysis, but the ubiquitous deployment footprint across the Windows ecosystem elevates organizational exposure.
Remote code execution in Windows PowerShell allows an authenticated attacker with low privileges to run arbitrary code across a network by exploiting a relative path traversal (CWE-23) flaw, provided a victim is induced to interact (UI:R). Affecting supported Windows 10/11 clients and Windows Server 2012 through 2025, the issue carries a CVSS 8.0 with full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact, and a vendor patch is available via MSRC. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the CVE is not listed in CISA KEV.
Windows File Explorer on affected Microsoft Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server platforms exposes sensitive information to locally authenticated low-privilege users without authorization. The CWE-200 root cause indicates inadequate access restrictions within the File Explorer shell component, enabling a user to read data beyond their authorization boundary. No public exploit exists and SSVC confirms no observed exploitation activity, but the broad Windows deployment footprint and high confidentiality impact (C:H) make this relevant for shared-access environments, terminal servers, and organizations with insider-threat concerns.
Windows File Explorer across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases contains a use-of-uninitialized-resource flaw (CWE-908) that allows a low-privileged local attacker to read stale memory contents and disclose potentially sensitive information. The vulnerability is locally constrained (AV:L, PR:L) with no integrity or availability impact, and SSVC signals no known exploitation and no automatable attack path. EPSS at 0.31% (22nd percentile) and the absence of a CISA KEV entry collectively indicate low near-term exploitation likelihood despite the wide deployment footprint of the affected OS.
Windows Audio Service on multiple Windows desktop and server versions improperly exposes sensitive information to locally authenticated standard users, enabling information disclosure without requiring elevated privileges. Affecting Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2019 (with Server 2022 and 2025 referenced in tags), the flaw is exploitable post-foothold by any low-privileged local account, making it a realistic post-exploitation pivot rather than an initial access vector. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and a vendor-released patch is confirmed available via the Microsoft Security Response Center.
Windows File Explorer on virtually all supported Microsoft Windows desktop and server editions leaks sensitive information to locally authenticated low-privileged users, classified under CWE-200. The flaw allows a local attacker holding only a standard account to access data that should be restricted to higher-privileged processes - with no user interaction required (UI:N) and low attack complexity (AC:L). Despite the high confidentiality impact in the CVSS vector, EPSS sits at just 0.36% (28th percentile) and SSVC confirms exploitation as 'none' and the attack as not automatable, placing this firmly in the category of a patch-cycle priority rather than an emergency response. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege escalation via a heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows NTFS driver allows an authenticated attacker with low privileges to execute arbitrary code and gain full SYSTEM-level control. It affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases, from Windows 10 1607 and Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and SSVC records no observed exploitation; EPSS is low at 0.29% (21st percentile).
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Narrator (the built-in screen reader) arises from improper neutralization of special elements in its Braille support component, allowing an already-authenticated local attacker (PR:L) to inject and execute OS commands that run with elevated privileges. All supported Windows client and server builds from Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2019-2025 are affected, and Microsoft has released a patch. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the CVE is not in CISA KEV, so exploitation is not confirmed as active.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows Kernel (CWE-125) enables a locally authenticated attacker with standard user privileges to bypass a kernel security feature and read kernel memory contents. Confirmed by Microsoft (MSRC) across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 editions, with patches available for all affected builds. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing exist at time of analysis; EPSS at 0.29% (20th percentile) and SSVC exploitation status of 'none' together signal low current exploitation activity, though the kernel memory disclosure primitive is a classic KASLR-defeat building block in chained exploits.
Local code execution in Microsoft Windows Media Foundation lets an attacker run arbitrary code in the context of the victim after luring them to open a maliciously crafted media file. The flaw (CVE-2026-58610, CWE-122 heap-based buffer overflow) affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2016 through 2025. CVSS is 7.8 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R) with full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not on CISA KEV.
Local code execution in the Microsoft Graphics Component affects a broad range of supported Windows client and server releases (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025). An attacker who convinces a user to open a specially crafted file or content triggers an out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) that Microsoft rates as enabling code execution with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV; exploitation requires local access plus user interaction, making it a standard patch-cycle priority rather than an emergency.
Remote code execution in the Windows Print Spooler components stems from an improperly synchronized race condition (CWE-362) that an authenticated, network-adjacent attacker can win to run code with full system impact. Microsoft (the reporter) has shipped fixes across the entire supported Windows and Windows Server line, but exploitation requires low privileges and a hard-to-hit timing window, so this is a real-but-non-trivial priority rather than a drop-everything emergency. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS is low at 0.53% (41st percentile), and CISA SSVC scores exploitation as none.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Virtual Hard Disk (VHD) Miniport Driver lets an authenticated low-privileged user corrupt kernel heap memory and gain SYSTEM-level control. The flaw (CWE-122 heap-based buffer overflow, CVSS 7.8) affects a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server builds and was reported by Microsoft. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Storage component affects a broad range of Windows client and server builds (Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2019 through 2025). By exploiting a use-after-free memory-corruption flaw (CWE-416), an already-authenticated local attacker can elevate to SYSTEM-level privileges. Reported by Microsoft with a patch available; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS is low (0.15%), and CISA SSVC records exploitation status as none.
Information disclosure in the Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) stack across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012 R2 through 2025 lets a remote, unauthenticated attacker read memory beyond intended bounds and leak sensitive data over the network. Microsoft has published a patch and CVSS 3.1 rates it 7.5 (high) for the confidentiality-only impact. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and CISA's SSVC framework marks exploitation as 'none' with only partial technical impact, so this is a patch-on-schedule issue rather than an emergency.