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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY
7.8 HIGH
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
vuln.today AI
7.8 HIGH

Requires an authenticated local foothold (AV:L, PR:L) with no user interaction; a kernel UAF yields SYSTEM, giving full C/I/A impact within an unchanged scope.

3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from NVD.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Analysis Generated
Jul 23, 2026 - 22:00 vuln.today
CVE Published
May 12, 2026 - 16:58 nvd
HIGH 7.8

DescriptionCVE.org

Use after free in Windows Kernel-Mode Drivers allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

AnalysisAI

Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Kernel-Mode Drivers allows an already-authenticated attacker to elevate to SYSTEM by triggering a use-after-free (CWE-416) memory-corruption condition. All supported Windows client and server releases from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 25H2/26H1 and Windows Server 2025 are affected, but there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS probability is very low (0.04%). Microsoft has released patches and CISA's SSVC framework rates exploitation as 'none' with total technical impact.

Technical ContextAI

The flaw lives in Windows Kernel-Mode Drivers (kernel-space code running in ring 0). A use-after-free (CWE-416) occurs when the kernel continues to reference a memory object after it has been freed, allowing an attacker who controls the reallocated memory to corrupt kernel structures. Because the affected code executes with the highest OS privilege, successful exploitation of such a bug typically yields SYSTEM-level control. The CPE and EUVD data confirm the affected surface is the core OS across Windows 10 (1607/1809/21H2/22H2), Windows 11 (22H3/23H2/24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025, indicating a shared kernel driver component rather than an add-on product. The 'Denial Of Service' and 'Memory Corruption' tags are consistent with a UAF that can also crash the kernel if exploitation is unsuccessful.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: apply the Microsoft security update via the MSRC guidance at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-40408, upgrading each affected build to at or above its fixed version (e.g. Windows 11 24H2 to 10.0.26100.8457, 23H2 to 10.0.22631.7079, Windows 10 22H2 to 10.0.19045.7291, Server 2022 to 10.0.20348.5139, Server 2025 to 10.0.26100.32860). This is a kernel driver fix delivered through standard cumulative updates, so deploy through Windows Update/WSUS/SCCM. No standalone workaround disables the vulnerable kernel code, so where patching must be delayed, reduce exposure by limiting who can log in interactively or run code locally on the host (restrict local and RDP logon rights, remove unnecessary local user accounts, and enforce least privilege), since exploitation requires an existing low-privileged local foothold; the trade-off is operational friction on multi-user and jump-host systems. Monitor for unexpected kernel faults/bugchecks, which may indicate failed exploitation attempts given the memory-corruption/DoS nature of the flaw.

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CVE-2026-40408 vulnerability details – vuln.today

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