Windows Server 2012
Monthly
Information disclosure in Microsoft Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) allows unauthenticated remote attackers to read out-of-bounds memory contents over the network, potentially leaking sensitive data from the RDP service process. The vulnerability requires no authentication or user interaction and is rated CVSS 7.5 with high confidentiality impact only. At time of analysis there is no public exploit identified and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Desktop Window Manager (DWM) Core Library enables an authorized low-privilege user to elevate to higher privileges via a use-after-free condition. The flaw carries a CVSS 7.8 (High) and no public exploit identified at time of analysis, though Microsoft has acknowledged the issue through MSRC. Successful exploitation grants full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact on the affected host.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Function Discovery Service (fdwsd.dll) allows an authorized low-privileged attacker on the host to win a race condition and obtain elevated privileges. Reported by Microsoft (secure@microsoft.com) and tracked under MSRC's update guide, the issue carries a CVSS 7.0 score driven by high impact across confidentiality, integrity, and availability, though the high attack complexity reflects the timing window required. No public exploit identified at time of analysis and the flaw is not currently listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows DNS allows an authenticated low-privileged user to gain elevated privileges via a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122). The CVSS 7.0 score reflects high attack complexity and local-only access, and no public exploit is identified at time of analysis. The flaw was reported privately by Microsoft (MSRC) and is tracked under MSRC advisory CVE-2026-41108.
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Kinect allows an authenticated low-privileged user to elevate to higher privileges due to improper access control (CWE-284). The vulnerability carries a CVSS 7.8 (High) rating with local attack vector and low complexity, and no public exploit identified at time of analysis. Successful exploitation yields high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability on the affected host.
Elevation of privilege in the Microsoft Windows Universal Disk Format File System (UDFS) driver allows a local authenticated attacker to escalate to SYSTEM-level privileges with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The CVSS 7.8 vector indicates local attack with low complexity and low privileges required, and no public exploit identified at time of analysis. The vulnerability stems from a numeric truncation error (CWE-197) in kernel-mode file system code, a class historically favored by post-compromise privilege escalation chains.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows Universal Disk Format File System (UDFS) driver allows an authenticated low-privileged user to gain SYSTEM-level code execution by triggering a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122). The flaw affects Windows endpoints where the UDFS kernel driver parses attacker-controlled UDF-formatted media (typically optical discs or mounted disc images). No public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not currently listed on CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) allows an authenticated low-privileged user to elevate to SYSTEM by triggering a use-after-free condition in the kernel-mode driver. No public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV, but AFD.sys has a long history of being targeted for kernel EoP, making this a likely candidate for future weaponization. CVSS 7.0 reflects the high attack complexity required to reliably win the underlying race or reuse condition.
Remote denial of service in the Windows TCP/IP stack lets an unauthorized adjacent-network attacker crash affected systems by triggering a NULL pointer dereference (CWE-476) via crafted network traffic. Reported by Microsoft and patched across the Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012-2025 families, the flaw requires no authentication or user interaction but is limited to attackers on the same logical network segment. EPSS is low (0.14%, 34th percentile) and CISA SSVC lists exploitation as none, so this is a real-but-not-urgent patch item with no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege escalation in the Win32K GRFX (graphics) subsystem of Microsoft Windows allows an authenticated, low-privileged user to execute arbitrary code in the kernel context via a heap-based buffer overflow. All currently supported Windows client and server releases (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, Windows Server 2012 through 2025) are affected. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS probability is very low (0.02%), but the total technical impact and low exploitation barrier make it a meaningful patch-priority for endpoint hardening.
Local denial of service in Microsoft Windows TCP/IP networking stack allows an unauthorized local attacker to trigger a null pointer dereference (CWE-476), crashing the system or causing broad service disruption. All supported Windows client and server releases from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 25H2/26H1 and Server 2025 are affected. Reported by Microsoft, this is a crash/availability issue only - no code execution or data exposure - with no public exploit identified at time of analysis and a very low (0.05%) EPSS exploitation probability.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Remote Desktop component (CWE-122 heap-based buffer overflow) allows an authenticated low-privileged user to gain SYSTEM-level control across virtually all supported Windows client and server releases, from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. Microsoft has released patches; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS exploitation probability is very low (0.04%), consistent with CISA SSVC rating exploitation as 'none'. The flaw is a serious defense-in-depth concern because it grants total confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact once a foothold exists, but it is not remotely reachable and requires prior local access.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Common Log File System (CLFS) driver lets an already-authenticated low-privileged user gain SYSTEM-level rights on affected Windows client and server builds by triggering an integer underflow (CWE-191) in the driver's log-file parsing. The flaw yields total confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact on the local machine. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS risk is low (0.06%, 19th percentile), and CISA SSVC records exploitation status as none - but CLFS is a historically heavily-targeted attack surface, so patching is warranted.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows Telephony Service (TAPI) lets an already-authenticated low-privileged user corrupt kernel/service memory via a use-after-free and gain elevated (typically SYSTEM-level) privileges across nearly all supported Windows client and server releases. Microsoft has released patches, and the flaw carries a total technical-impact rating (SSVC), though EPSS is very low (0.04%) and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis. It is not on CISA KEV, indicating no confirmed active exploitation.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Link-Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) component affects a broad range of Windows client and server builds, where a CWE-415 double-free condition can be leveraged by an already-authenticated low-privileged user to gain higher privileges. The flaw was reported by Microsoft and is addressed in the July 2026 servicing updates; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV. EPSS is negligible (0.04%, 12th percentile), consistent with the high attack complexity (AC:H) and local-only vector.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Telephony Service (TAPI) affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases, from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. An authenticated local attacker can exploit a use-after-free (CWE-416) memory-corruption flaw to gain SYSTEM-level privileges; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS is very low (0.04%), but the CVSS 3.1 base score is 7.8 with total technical impact per CISA SSVC.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows TCP/IP networking stack allows an already-authenticated attacker to win a race condition and elevate to SYSTEM-level privileges across a broad range of Windows client and server releases (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025). Exploitation requires local, low-privileged access rather than remote reach, and Microsoft rates the technical impact as total (full confidentiality, integrity, and availability loss). There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS probability is very low (0.04%), consistent with CISA SSVC marking exploitation as none and not automatable.
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Message Queuing (MSMQ) allows an authenticated low-privileged user to corrupt kernel/service memory through a double free (CWE-415) and elevate to SYSTEM. It affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases from Windows Server 2012/Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025 where the MSMQ feature is installed. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS is very low (0.04%), and CISA SSVC records no known exploitation, though the technical impact is rated total.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows TCP/IP stack (tcpip.sys) lets an already-authenticated low-privileged user corrupt heap memory to gain SYSTEM-level control across virtually all supported Windows client and server releases. Microsoft assigns CVSS 7.8 and reports total technical impact, but SSVC exploitation status is 'none' and EPSS is only 0.06% (18th percentile), and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis. Microsoft has released a patch via the Security Update Guide.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows Telephony Service (TAPI) lets an already-authenticated, low-privileged user corrupt kernel/service memory via a use-after-free and gain elevated privileges across virtually all supported Windows client and server builds. Microsoft has released a patch, and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS is negligible (0.04%) and CISA's SSVC rates exploitation as none, indicating this is a defense-in-depth fix rather than an emergency. The flaw is high-value as a post-compromise escalation primitive but requires local code execution and winning a race condition to trigger.
Remote code execution in the Windows Native WiFi Miniport Driver allows an unauthorized attacker on an adjacent network to win a timing race and run arbitrary code on affected Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server systems. The flaw stems from improper synchronization of a shared resource in the kernel-mode wireless driver and carries a total (C:H/I:H/A:H) technical impact. No public exploit has been identified and EPSS is very low (0.07%), but successful exploitation grants full kernel-level compromise without authentication.
Remote code execution in the Windows Netlogon service (across Windows Server 2012 through 2025) allows an unauthenticated attacker to run arbitrary code over the network by triggering a stack-based buffer overflow (CWE-121). With a CVSS 3.1 vector of AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N and total technical impact, this is a critical, pre-authentication server-side flaw. Microsoft has released patches; publicly available exploit code exists, though EPSS remains low (0.09%) and there is no confirmed active exploitation at time of analysis.
Denial of service in the Microsoft Windows TCP/IP networking stack allows an unauthenticated, adjacent-network attacker to crash the host by triggering a null pointer dereference (CWE-476) during packet processing, with no user interaction required. The flaw affects essentially the entire supported Windows client and server lineup, from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the low EPSS score (0.14%) plus CISA SSVC 'Exploitation: none' indicate no observed exploitation despite the broad footprint.
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Kernel-Mode Drivers allows an already-authenticated attacker to elevate to SYSTEM by triggering a use-after-free (CWE-416) memory-corruption condition. All supported Windows client and server releases from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 25H2/26H1 and Windows Server 2025 are affected, but there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS probability is very low (0.04%). Microsoft has released patches and CISA's SSVC framework rates exploitation as 'none' with total technical impact.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Common Log File System (CLFS) driver lets an already-authenticated low-privileged user corrupt heap memory to gain SYSTEM-level control across a broad range of Windows client and server releases (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, Server 2012 through Server 2025). Exploitation is CVSS 7.8 with total technical impact per CISA SSVC, but SSVC records no observed exploitation and EPSS is very low (0.04%), and no public exploit was identified at time of analysis. A vendor patch is available from Microsoft (MSRC).
Information disclosure in the Windows TCP/IP networking stack allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to read sensitive memory contents over the network by triggering a use-after-free condition. All supported Windows client and server releases (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025) are affected. Microsoft-reported with no public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS is low (0.06%, 19th percentile) and CISA SSVC records exploitation status as none.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Cryptographic Services lets an authenticated low-privileged user corrupt heap memory (CWE-122) to gain SYSTEM-level control across supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server builds. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS is very low (0.04%), but SSVC rates the technical impact as total, and Microsoft has released patches. Because it requires prior local access, it is a post-compromise escalation primitive rather than an initial-access threat.
Denial of service in the Windows Internet Key Exchange (IKE) protocol implementation allows remote unauthenticated attackers to exhaust host memory across all supported Windows client and server releases (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025). The flaw is a memory leak (CWE-401) triggered over the network with no privileges or user interaction, but impact is limited to availability with no data exposure. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS exploitation probability is very low (0.08%, 23rd percentile).
Local code execution in the Windows Graphics Device Interface (GDI) component affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 25H2/26H1 and Server 2025. An attacker who convinces a user to open a maliciously crafted file or content triggers a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) in GDI, running arbitrary code in the victim's context with full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS is very low (0.06%), and CISA SSVC records no known exploitation, so this is a patch-on-cycle item rather than an emergency.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Kernel affects a broad range of Windows Server releases (2012 through 2025, including Server Core installations), where a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) lets an already-authenticated local user corrupt kernel heap memory to gain SYSTEM-level privileges. Microsoft has released patches and rates it CVSS 7.8; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and CISA's SSVC framework marks exploitation as none but technical impact as total. EPSS is very low (0.04%, 13th percentile), consistent with the local-only attack vector that requires prior code execution on the host.
Remote code execution in Windows TCP/IP networking stack across Windows 10, 11, and Server versions allows unauthenticated network attackers to execute arbitrary code by exploiting a race condition in shared resource synchronization. The vulnerability affects all supported Windows versions from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. Microsoft has released patches addressing this high-severity flaw (CVSS 8.1). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though SSVC assessment
Local privilege escalation in Windows Win32K graphics subsystem (Win32K-GRFX) allows authenticated attackers with low privileges to gain SYSTEM-level access by exploiting a race condition during concurrent resource access. Affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025. Microsoft has released patches addressing this CWE-362 synchronization flaw. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the local attack vector and high complexity (
Local privilege escalation in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025. The CWE-416 use-after-free memory corruption flaw allows low-privileged authenticated attackers with local access to elevate to SYSTEM privileges, achieving complete control over confidentiality, integrity, and availability. SSVC framework rates this as non-automatable with total technical impact. No public exploit
Local privilege escalation via use-after-free in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) allows authenticated low-privileged attackers to execute arbitrary code with SYSTEM privileges across all supported Windows versions. Microsoft has released patches for Windows 10 (versions 1607-22H2), Windows 11 (versions 22H3-25H2), and Windows Server (2012-2022 23H2). The vulnerability requires local access and low privileges (PR:L) with high attack complexity (AC:H), but no public exploit
Windows Shell security feature bypass enables unauthenticated remote attackers to defeat protection mechanisms across all supported Windows client and server versions (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, Server 2012 through Server 2025) via network-based attack requiring user interaction. The CVSS 8.8 rating reflects complete compromise potential (high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact) despite low attack complexity. Microsoft has released patches addressing this authentic
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Function Discovery Service (fdwsd.dll) allows low-privileged authenticated users to gain SYSTEM-level access via a race condition. Affects all supported Windows 10, 11, and Server versions from 2012 through 2025. Vendor-released patches available from Microsoft. CVSS 7.0 (high complexity local attack). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the race condition class (CWE-362) is well-understood and commonly weaponized once details emerge.
Privilege escalation in Windows Function Discovery Service (fdwsd.dll) allows authenticated local attackers to gain SYSTEM-level access by exploiting a race condition during shared resource handling. Affects all supported Windows 10/11 client versions and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. Vendor-released patches are available per Microsoft's May 2026 Patch Tuesday. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but CVSS 7.0 reflects high complexity local attack requiring low privileges.
Untrusted pointer dereference in Windows Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Device Host enables authenticated local attackers to elevate privileges to SYSTEM level across all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025. The vulnerability (CWE-822) requires low-privilege authenticated access and minimal attack complexity (CVSS 7.8, AV:L/AC:L/PR:L). No public exploit identified at time of analysis. Microsoft released patches for all affected versions including
Local privilege escalation in Windows Common Log File System (CLFS) Driver affects Windows 10, 11, and Server 2012-2025 through a use-after-free memory corruption flaw. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this vulnerability to gain SYSTEM-level access, achieving full control over confidentiality, integrity, and availability. While no public exploit identified at time of analysis, the Windows CLFS driver has been a frequent target for privilege escalation exploits histor
Local privilege escalation in Windows SSDP Service affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025 via a race condition vulnerability. Authenticated local users with low privileges can exploit improper synchronization in shared resource access to gain SYSTEM-level privileges, achieving full system compromise. Vendor-released patches are available across all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the local attack vector and high impact warrant priority patching on multi-user or sensitive systems.
Desktop Window Manager (DWM) use-after-free memory corruption allows authenticated local attackers to escalate privileges to SYSTEM on all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions (2012-2025). The vulnerability enables low-privileged users to gain complete control over affected systems with low attack complexity and no user interaction required. Vendor-released patches are available across all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the st
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) affects all Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025 via a use-after-free memory corruption flaw. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this CWE-416 vulnerability to achieve full system compromise (SYSTEM-level access), though the high attack complexity (AC:H) suggests exploitation requires precise timing or race condition manipulation. No public exp
Local privilege escalation in Windows Universal Plug and Play Device Host service affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions via untrusted pointer dereference (CWE-822). Low-complexity attack requires low-level authenticated access (PR:L) with no user interaction, enabling complete system compromise (C:H/I:H/A:H). Microsoft released patches in May 2025 for 21 affected product versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the local attack vector
Windows Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Device Host privilege escalation allows authenticated local attackers to gain SYSTEM-level access via use-after-free memory corruption. Affects all supported Windows versions from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. Vendor-released patches available. Attack requires low complexity with no user interaction (CVSS:3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the primitive nature of use-after-free v
Microsoft Management Console privilege escalation affects all supported Windows versions (10, 11, Server 2012-2025) via improper access control, allowing authenticated local users to gain SYSTEM-level privileges. CVSS 7.8 (High) reflects significant impact with low attack complexity requiring only low-level user credentials. Vendor-released patches available across all affected platforms through Microsoft's May 2025 update cycle. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the authe
Windows Installer privilege escalation via improper permission handling enables authenticated local users to gain SYSTEM-level access across all supported Windows 10, 11, and Server platforms (2012-2025). The vulnerability (CWE-280: Improper Handling of Insufficient Privileges) requires low-privilege local access but offers complete system compromise with low attack complexity. CVSS 7.8 High severity reflects full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. Vendor-released patches are a
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Search Component affects Windows 10 (1607-22H2), Windows 11 (22H3-26H1), and Windows Server (2012-2025) via use-after-free memory corruption (CWE-416). Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this vulnerability to gain SYSTEM-level access with low attack complexity and no user interaction required (CVSS 7.8). Vendor-released patches available for all affected versions; no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) allows authenticated low-privilege users to gain SYSTEM-level access through use-after-free memory corruption. Affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025, including Server Core installations. Vendor-released patches available across all affected platforms. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though high-complexity local exploitation (CVSS AC:H)
Local privilege escalation in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock affects all supported Windows 10, 11, and Server versions through use-after-free memory corruption. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this CWE-416 vulnerability to gain SYSTEM-level access, achieving high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Vendor-released patches are available across all affected platforms. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the high
Local privilege escalation in Windows Client Side Caching driver (csc.sys) allows authenticated users with low privileges to gain SYSTEM-level access via heap-based buffer overflow exploitation. Affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions (2012 through 2025). Vendor-released patches are available from Microsoft as of early 2026. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the straightforward attack complexity (AC:L) and no user interaction requirement (
Local privilege escalation in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) across Windows 10, 11, and Server 2012-2025 allows low-privileged authenticated attackers to gain SYSTEM-level access via race condition exploitation. The vulnerability affects widespread Windows deployments spanning a decade of operating system versions, from Server 2012 (6.2.9200.0) through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. Microsoft has released patches for all affected versions. No public exploit identified
Local privilege escalation in Windows Remote Desktop Licensing Service (affecting Windows 10 1607 through Windows Server 2025) allows low-privileged authenticated users to gain SYSTEM-level access by exploiting missing authentication on critical service functions. The vulnerability (CWE-306) requires local access and low-privilege credentials but enables complete system compromise with low attack complexity. Vendor-released patches are available across all affected Windows versions. No public ex
Local privilege escalation in Windows Cryptographic Services affects Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025 due to insecure storage of cryptographic material. Authenticated attackers with low privileges can exploit this CWE-922 weakness (insecure storage of sensitive information) to gain high-level access to confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Microsoft has released patches for all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis,
Windows Shell protection mechanism failure (CVE-2026-32202) allows remote attackers to perform spoofing attacks over a network without authentication, requiring only user interaction. This low-severity vulnerability affects multiple Windows versions from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. While not actively exploited in the wild, vendor patches are available across all affected versions, and the low CVSS score (4.3) reflects limited confidentiality impact and no availability impact despite the network-accessible attack vector.
Command injection in Windows Snipping Tool allows local code execution when an unauthorized attacker convinces a user to open a specially crafted file. This vulnerability affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions (2012 through 2025), requiring user interaction but no authentication (PR:N). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the local attack vector and user interaction requirement limit immediate remote threat. CVSS 7.8 reflects high impact ac
Remote code execution in Microsoft Remote Desktop Client for Windows allows unauthenticated network attackers to execute arbitrary code by delivering a malicious connection file or server response, requiring user interaction. This use-after-free vulnerability (CWE-416) affects Windows 10 (versions 1607-22H2), Windows 11 (22H3-26H1), Windows Server (2012-2025), and standalone Remote Desktop client versions below 2.0.1070.0. With CVSS 8.8 (network-accessible, no authentication required, low comple
Local code execution in Windows Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Device Host across all supported Windows 10, 11, and Server versions allows unauthenticated attackers to achieve high-impact compromise via use-after-free memory corruption. The vulnerability affects Windows 10 versions 1607 through 22H2, Windows 11 versions 22H3 through 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 (including Server Core installations). Despite requiring local access and high attack complexity (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H), the
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Function Discovery Service (fdwsd.dll) allows authenticated low-privilege attackers to gain SYSTEM-level access via race condition exploitation across all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions (2012-2025). The vulnerability requires local access and low privileges (CVSS PR:L) with high attack complexity (AC:H), yielding complete system compromise (C:H/I:H/A:H). Microsoft released patches addressing build versions up to 10.0.26100.32690 (Server 2025) and 10.0.28000.1836 (Windows 11 26H1). EPSS data not available; no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Windows Function Discovery Service (fdwsd.dll) enables low-privileged authenticated local attackers to escalate privileges to SYSTEM across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012-2025. Vendor-released patch available per Microsoft Security Response Center advisory. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the CVSS vector indicates local access with high attack complexity (AC:H), requiring authenticated low-privilege users (PR:L). A
Local privilege escalation in Windows SSDP Service (all Windows 10, 11, and Server versions from 2012 onwards) enables low-privileged authenticated users to gain SYSTEM-level access by exploiting a race condition in shared resource handling. The vulnerability requires low privileges and high attack complexity (CVSS AC:H), resulting in complete compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Vendor-released patches are available for all affected versions with specific build numbers pr
Local privilege escalation in Windows SSDP Service across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012-2025 allows authenticated users with low privileges to gain SYSTEM-level access by exploiting a race condition in shared resource handling. Attack complexity is high (AC:H), requiring precise timing to win the race window. Patch available per vendor advisory; no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Device Host allows authenticated attackers with low privileges to achieve system-level access through use-after-free memory corruption. Affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025. Microsoft has released patches across all affected product lines. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the local attack vector and authentication requirement (PR:L) limit immedi
Local privilege escalation via use-after-free in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) affects all supported Windows versions from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012-2025. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit memory corruption to gain SYSTEM-level access, though high attack complexity suggests reliable exploitation requires sophisticated techniques. Vendor-released patches are available across all affected versions. No publi
Windows LUAFV driver privilege escalation via TOCTOU race condition allows authenticated local attackers with low privileges to gain SYSTEM-level access across all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions (2012 through 2025). The vulnerability requires high attack complexity to exploit the narrow timing window between security checks and file operations. Vendor-released patch available across all affected platforms. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though th
Local privilege escalation in Windows TCP/IP stack across Windows 10, 11, and Server editions allows low-privileged authenticated users to gain SYSTEM-level access by exploiting a race condition in shared resource synchronization. This CWE-362 flaw affects every supported Windows version from legacy Server 2012 through cutting-edge Windows 11 26H1, with vendor-released patches available. The local attack vector (AV:L) and high complexity (AC:H) reduce immediate mass-exploitation risk, though the
Local privilege escalation in Windows Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Device Host affects all supported Windows versions from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit an untrusted pointer dereference (CWE-822) to achieve complete system compromise with high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Microsoft has released patches for all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, thoug
Local privilege escalation via use-after-free memory corruption in Windows Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Device Host affects all supported Windows versions from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this CWE-416 flaw to gain SYSTEM-level access with low attack complexity (CVSS:3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:L). Vendor-released patches are available across all affected Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server product lines. No public exploit code
Use-after-free in Windows TDI Translation Driver (tdx.sys) allows local privilege escalation to SYSTEM by authenticated low-privileged users on Windows 10/11 and Server 2012-2025. Microsoft has released security updates addressing this CWE-416 memory corruption flaw across all supported Windows versions. CVSS 7.0 reflects high attack complexity but full system compromise if successfully exploited. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the vulnerability's local attack vector an
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Kernel enables local privilege escalation to SYSTEM on Windows 10 (versions 1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (versions 22H3 through 26H1), and Windows Server (2012 through 2025). Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this memory corruption vulnerability to gain complete system control. Microsoft has released patches addressing 21 affected product versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the local attack vec
Windows Server Update Service (WSUS) race condition enables local privilege escalation to SYSTEM on Windows 10, 11, and Server 2012-2025. Authenticated users with low-level privileges can exploit improper synchronization in concurrent execution paths to gain full system control. Attack complexity is high (AC:H), requiring precise timing to win the race window. Vendor-released patches available for all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the high CVSS 7.0 s
Type confusion in Windows OLE (Object Linking and Embedding) enables authenticated local attackers to escalate privileges across all supported Windows 10, 11, and Server versions (2012-2025). The memory corruption flaw allows low-privileged users to execute code with elevated permissions through incompatible type handling. Vendor-released patches are available for all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the low attack complexity (AC:L) and lack of user interaction (UI:N) make this accessible to attackers with basic local access.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Remote Desktop Licensing Service affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions (2012-2025) via missing authentication on a critical function. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this CWE-306 authentication bypass to gain SYSTEM-level access with high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CVSS 7.8). Patch available per vendor; no public exploit identified at time of analysis. The wide foo
Windows Remote Desktop spoofing vulnerability allows remote unauthenticated attackers to bypass security warnings and trick users into accepting malicious RDP connections, potentially exposing sensitive session data. Affects all supported Windows 10, 11, and Server versions from 2012 through 2025. Vendor-released patches are available. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the low attack complexity (AC:L) and network attack vector (AV:N) indicate exploitation would be straight
Remote code execution in Windows RRAS across Server 2016, 2022, and 2025 via an integer overflow vulnerability allows authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code over the network with high privileges. Public exploit code exists for this vulnerability, and no patch is currently available. Authenticated users with network access can trigger the vulnerability through a simple interaction to gain complete system compromise.
Untrusted search path in Windows GDI allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally. [CVSS 7.8 HIGH]
Privilege escalation in Windows Telephony Service through heap buffer overflow affects Windows 10 1607, Windows 11 25h2, and Windows Server 2012, allowing adjacent network attackers to gain elevated system access without authentication. The vulnerability has a high CVSS score of 8.8 but currently lacks a patch, creating significant risk for exposed systems. Exploitation requires network proximity but no user interaction.
Windows Winlogon's failure to properly validate symbolic links before file access enables local privilege escalation on affected Windows Server and Windows 10/11 systems. An authenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability to gain elevated system privileges without user interaction. No patch is currently available for this high-severity issue affecting multiple Windows versions including Server 2025 and Windows 11 26h1.
Information disclosure in Windows GDI+ affects Windows 11 (24h2, 25h2) and Windows Server 2012/2016, allowing unauthenticated attackers to read sensitive data remotely through an out-of-bounds memory access vulnerability. The flaw requires no user interaction and can be exploited over the network to compromise confidentiality without modifying system data or availability. No patch is currently available for this high-severity vulnerability.
Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock in Windows Server 2025, 2022, and Windows 10 1809 contains insufficient input validation that allows authenticated local users to escalate privileges. An attacker with local access and valid credentials can exploit this vulnerability to gain elevated system permissions, though no patch is currently available. This HIGH severity vulnerability affects multiple Windows Server and client versions with no active exploit mitigation path.
Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD) in Windows 11 versions 24h2 and 26h1 contains a use-after-free vulnerability (CWE-416) that allows authenticated local attackers to escalate privileges through memory corruption. An attacker with local access could exploit this flaw to gain elevated system permissions, though no official patch is currently available.
Privilege escalation in Windows Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) across Windows 11, Windows 10, and Windows Server platforms allows authenticated network attackers to gain elevated privileges by exploiting improper validation of resource naming restrictions. An attacker with valid domain credentials can leverage this vulnerability to escalate their access level without user interaction. Currently, no patch is available, leaving all affected Windows versions vulnerable.
Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock in Windows 10 (all versions) and Windows 11 contains an access control weakness that enables authenticated local attackers to escalate privileges to system level. An attacker with standard user credentials can exploit this flaw to gain elevated rights on affected systems. No patch is currently available for this vulnerability.
Out-of-bounds read in Windows NTFS allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. [CVSS 7.8 HIGH]
Windows Extensible File Allocation (exFAT) contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability affecting Windows Server 2022, Windows 10 1607, and Windows 11 versions 23h2/25h2, enabling authenticated local users to escalate privileges with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability requires local access and user-level privileges to exploit, with no patch currently available. This flaw carries a CVSS score of 7.8 and affects multiple supported Windows versions across server and client platforms.
Remote code execution in Windows RRAS affects Windows 10 1607 and Windows Server 2022 23h2 through an integer overflow vulnerability exploitable by authenticated network attackers. Public exploit code exists for this vulnerability, enabling authenticated users to execute arbitrary code with high integrity and confidentiality impact. No patch is currently available, making this a critical exposure for affected Windows environments.
Remote code execution in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) across Windows Server 2012, 2022, and 2022 23h2 stems from an integer overflow vulnerability that authenticated network attackers can exploit with user interaction. Public exploit code exists for this vulnerability, enabling attackers to achieve arbitrary code execution with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. No patch is currently available.
Privilege escalation in Windows Authentication Methods (Windows 10 22H2, Windows 11 26H1) stems from a use-after-free memory vulnerability that allows authenticated local attackers to gain elevated system privileges. The flaw requires low user privileges and manual interaction but provides complete system compromise through code execution. No patch is currently available for this high-severity vulnerability.
Privilege escalation in Windows Performance Counters via null pointer dereference affects Windows Server 2019 and Windows 11 systems, enabling authenticated local attackers to gain elevated privileges. The vulnerability impacts systems where users have standard account access, allowing them to escalate to higher privilege levels on affected machines. No patch is currently available.
Privilege escalation in Windows Device Association Service (Windows 10 versions 1607, 1809, and 21H2) stems from improper synchronization of shared resources, enabling local authenticated users to gain elevated system privileges. The vulnerability requires high attack complexity and no user interaction, making it exploitable by insiders or compromised local accounts. No patch is currently available.
Windows SMB Server authentication bypass across multiple versions (Windows 10 1607, Windows 11 23h2, Windows Server 2012/2025) permits authenticated local users to escalate privileges with high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability stems from improper authentication validation in the SMB service, allowing a local attacker to gain system-level access without user interaction. No patch is currently available, leaving affected systems vulnerable to privilege escalation attacks from any authenticated user.
Information disclosure in Microsoft Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) allows unauthenticated remote attackers to read out-of-bounds memory contents over the network, potentially leaking sensitive data from the RDP service process. The vulnerability requires no authentication or user interaction and is rated CVSS 7.5 with high confidentiality impact only. At time of analysis there is no public exploit identified and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Desktop Window Manager (DWM) Core Library enables an authorized low-privilege user to elevate to higher privileges via a use-after-free condition. The flaw carries a CVSS 7.8 (High) and no public exploit identified at time of analysis, though Microsoft has acknowledged the issue through MSRC. Successful exploitation grants full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact on the affected host.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Function Discovery Service (fdwsd.dll) allows an authorized low-privileged attacker on the host to win a race condition and obtain elevated privileges. Reported by Microsoft (secure@microsoft.com) and tracked under MSRC's update guide, the issue carries a CVSS 7.0 score driven by high impact across confidentiality, integrity, and availability, though the high attack complexity reflects the timing window required. No public exploit identified at time of analysis and the flaw is not currently listed in CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows DNS allows an authenticated low-privileged user to gain elevated privileges via a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122). The CVSS 7.0 score reflects high attack complexity and local-only access, and no public exploit is identified at time of analysis. The flaw was reported privately by Microsoft (MSRC) and is tracked under MSRC advisory CVE-2026-41108.
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Kinect allows an authenticated low-privileged user to elevate to higher privileges due to improper access control (CWE-284). The vulnerability carries a CVSS 7.8 (High) rating with local attack vector and low complexity, and no public exploit identified at time of analysis. Successful exploitation yields high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability on the affected host.
Elevation of privilege in the Microsoft Windows Universal Disk Format File System (UDFS) driver allows a local authenticated attacker to escalate to SYSTEM-level privileges with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The CVSS 7.8 vector indicates local attack with low complexity and low privileges required, and no public exploit identified at time of analysis. The vulnerability stems from a numeric truncation error (CWE-197) in kernel-mode file system code, a class historically favored by post-compromise privilege escalation chains.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows Universal Disk Format File System (UDFS) driver allows an authenticated low-privileged user to gain SYSTEM-level code execution by triggering a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122). The flaw affects Windows endpoints where the UDFS kernel driver parses attacker-controlled UDF-formatted media (typically optical discs or mounted disc images). No public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not currently listed on CISA KEV.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) allows an authenticated low-privileged user to elevate to SYSTEM by triggering a use-after-free condition in the kernel-mode driver. No public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV, but AFD.sys has a long history of being targeted for kernel EoP, making this a likely candidate for future weaponization. CVSS 7.0 reflects the high attack complexity required to reliably win the underlying race or reuse condition.
Remote denial of service in the Windows TCP/IP stack lets an unauthorized adjacent-network attacker crash affected systems by triggering a NULL pointer dereference (CWE-476) via crafted network traffic. Reported by Microsoft and patched across the Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012-2025 families, the flaw requires no authentication or user interaction but is limited to attackers on the same logical network segment. EPSS is low (0.14%, 34th percentile) and CISA SSVC lists exploitation as none, so this is a real-but-not-urgent patch item with no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege escalation in the Win32K GRFX (graphics) subsystem of Microsoft Windows allows an authenticated, low-privileged user to execute arbitrary code in the kernel context via a heap-based buffer overflow. All currently supported Windows client and server releases (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, Windows Server 2012 through 2025) are affected. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS probability is very low (0.02%), but the total technical impact and low exploitation barrier make it a meaningful patch-priority for endpoint hardening.
Local denial of service in Microsoft Windows TCP/IP networking stack allows an unauthorized local attacker to trigger a null pointer dereference (CWE-476), crashing the system or causing broad service disruption. All supported Windows client and server releases from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 25H2/26H1 and Server 2025 are affected. Reported by Microsoft, this is a crash/availability issue only - no code execution or data exposure - with no public exploit identified at time of analysis and a very low (0.05%) EPSS exploitation probability.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Remote Desktop component (CWE-122 heap-based buffer overflow) allows an authenticated low-privileged user to gain SYSTEM-level control across virtually all supported Windows client and server releases, from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. Microsoft has released patches; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS exploitation probability is very low (0.04%), consistent with CISA SSVC rating exploitation as 'none'. The flaw is a serious defense-in-depth concern because it grants total confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact once a foothold exists, but it is not remotely reachable and requires prior local access.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Common Log File System (CLFS) driver lets an already-authenticated low-privileged user gain SYSTEM-level rights on affected Windows client and server builds by triggering an integer underflow (CWE-191) in the driver's log-file parsing. The flaw yields total confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact on the local machine. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS risk is low (0.06%, 19th percentile), and CISA SSVC records exploitation status as none - but CLFS is a historically heavily-targeted attack surface, so patching is warranted.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows Telephony Service (TAPI) lets an already-authenticated low-privileged user corrupt kernel/service memory via a use-after-free and gain elevated (typically SYSTEM-level) privileges across nearly all supported Windows client and server releases. Microsoft has released patches, and the flaw carries a total technical-impact rating (SSVC), though EPSS is very low (0.04%) and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis. It is not on CISA KEV, indicating no confirmed active exploitation.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Link-Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) component affects a broad range of Windows client and server builds, where a CWE-415 double-free condition can be leveraged by an already-authenticated low-privileged user to gain higher privileges. The flaw was reported by Microsoft and is addressed in the July 2026 servicing updates; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV. EPSS is negligible (0.04%, 12th percentile), consistent with the high attack complexity (AC:H) and local-only vector.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Telephony Service (TAPI) affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases, from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. An authenticated local attacker can exploit a use-after-free (CWE-416) memory-corruption flaw to gain SYSTEM-level privileges; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS is very low (0.04%), but the CVSS 3.1 base score is 7.8 with total technical impact per CISA SSVC.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows TCP/IP networking stack allows an already-authenticated attacker to win a race condition and elevate to SYSTEM-level privileges across a broad range of Windows client and server releases (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025). Exploitation requires local, low-privileged access rather than remote reach, and Microsoft rates the technical impact as total (full confidentiality, integrity, and availability loss). There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS probability is very low (0.04%), consistent with CISA SSVC marking exploitation as none and not automatable.
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Message Queuing (MSMQ) allows an authenticated low-privileged user to corrupt kernel/service memory through a double free (CWE-415) and elevate to SYSTEM. It affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases from Windows Server 2012/Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025 where the MSMQ feature is installed. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS is very low (0.04%), and CISA SSVC records no known exploitation, though the technical impact is rated total.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows TCP/IP stack (tcpip.sys) lets an already-authenticated low-privileged user corrupt heap memory to gain SYSTEM-level control across virtually all supported Windows client and server releases. Microsoft assigns CVSS 7.8 and reports total technical impact, but SSVC exploitation status is 'none' and EPSS is only 0.06% (18th percentile), and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis. Microsoft has released a patch via the Security Update Guide.
Local privilege escalation in the Microsoft Windows Telephony Service (TAPI) lets an already-authenticated, low-privileged user corrupt kernel/service memory via a use-after-free and gain elevated privileges across virtually all supported Windows client and server builds. Microsoft has released a patch, and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS is negligible (0.04%) and CISA's SSVC rates exploitation as none, indicating this is a defense-in-depth fix rather than an emergency. The flaw is high-value as a post-compromise escalation primitive but requires local code execution and winning a race condition to trigger.
Remote code execution in the Windows Native WiFi Miniport Driver allows an unauthorized attacker on an adjacent network to win a timing race and run arbitrary code on affected Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server systems. The flaw stems from improper synchronization of a shared resource in the kernel-mode wireless driver and carries a total (C:H/I:H/A:H) technical impact. No public exploit has been identified and EPSS is very low (0.07%), but successful exploitation grants full kernel-level compromise without authentication.
Remote code execution in the Windows Netlogon service (across Windows Server 2012 through 2025) allows an unauthenticated attacker to run arbitrary code over the network by triggering a stack-based buffer overflow (CWE-121). With a CVSS 3.1 vector of AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N and total technical impact, this is a critical, pre-authentication server-side flaw. Microsoft has released patches; publicly available exploit code exists, though EPSS remains low (0.09%) and there is no confirmed active exploitation at time of analysis.
Denial of service in the Microsoft Windows TCP/IP networking stack allows an unauthenticated, adjacent-network attacker to crash the host by triggering a null pointer dereference (CWE-476) during packet processing, with no user interaction required. The flaw affects essentially the entire supported Windows client and server lineup, from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the low EPSS score (0.14%) plus CISA SSVC 'Exploitation: none' indicate no observed exploitation despite the broad footprint.
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Kernel-Mode Drivers allows an already-authenticated attacker to elevate to SYSTEM by triggering a use-after-free (CWE-416) memory-corruption condition. All supported Windows client and server releases from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 25H2/26H1 and Windows Server 2025 are affected, but there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS probability is very low (0.04%). Microsoft has released patches and CISA's SSVC framework rates exploitation as 'none' with total technical impact.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Common Log File System (CLFS) driver lets an already-authenticated low-privileged user corrupt heap memory to gain SYSTEM-level control across a broad range of Windows client and server releases (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, Server 2012 through Server 2025). Exploitation is CVSS 7.8 with total technical impact per CISA SSVC, but SSVC records no observed exploitation and EPSS is very low (0.04%), and no public exploit was identified at time of analysis. A vendor patch is available from Microsoft (MSRC).
Information disclosure in the Windows TCP/IP networking stack allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to read sensitive memory contents over the network by triggering a use-after-free condition. All supported Windows client and server releases (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025) are affected. Microsoft-reported with no public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS is low (0.06%, 19th percentile) and CISA SSVC records exploitation status as none.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Cryptographic Services lets an authenticated low-privileged user corrupt heap memory (CWE-122) to gain SYSTEM-level control across supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server builds. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS is very low (0.04%), but SSVC rates the technical impact as total, and Microsoft has released patches. Because it requires prior local access, it is a post-compromise escalation primitive rather than an initial-access threat.
Denial of service in the Windows Internet Key Exchange (IKE) protocol implementation allows remote unauthenticated attackers to exhaust host memory across all supported Windows client and server releases (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025). The flaw is a memory leak (CWE-401) triggered over the network with no privileges or user interaction, but impact is limited to availability with no data exposure. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS exploitation probability is very low (0.08%, 23rd percentile).
Local code execution in the Windows Graphics Device Interface (GDI) component affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 25H2/26H1 and Server 2025. An attacker who convinces a user to open a maliciously crafted file or content triggers a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) in GDI, running arbitrary code in the victim's context with full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS is very low (0.06%), and CISA SSVC records no known exploitation, so this is a patch-on-cycle item rather than an emergency.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Kernel affects a broad range of Windows Server releases (2012 through 2025, including Server Core installations), where a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) lets an already-authenticated local user corrupt kernel heap memory to gain SYSTEM-level privileges. Microsoft has released patches and rates it CVSS 7.8; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and CISA's SSVC framework marks exploitation as none but technical impact as total. EPSS is very low (0.04%, 13th percentile), consistent with the local-only attack vector that requires prior code execution on the host.
Remote code execution in Windows TCP/IP networking stack across Windows 10, 11, and Server versions allows unauthenticated network attackers to execute arbitrary code by exploiting a race condition in shared resource synchronization. The vulnerability affects all supported Windows versions from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. Microsoft has released patches addressing this high-severity flaw (CVSS 8.1). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though SSVC assessment
Local privilege escalation in Windows Win32K graphics subsystem (Win32K-GRFX) allows authenticated attackers with low privileges to gain SYSTEM-level access by exploiting a race condition during concurrent resource access. Affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025. Microsoft has released patches addressing this CWE-362 synchronization flaw. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the local attack vector and high complexity (
Local privilege escalation in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025. The CWE-416 use-after-free memory corruption flaw allows low-privileged authenticated attackers with local access to elevate to SYSTEM privileges, achieving complete control over confidentiality, integrity, and availability. SSVC framework rates this as non-automatable with total technical impact. No public exploit
Local privilege escalation via use-after-free in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) allows authenticated low-privileged attackers to execute arbitrary code with SYSTEM privileges across all supported Windows versions. Microsoft has released patches for Windows 10 (versions 1607-22H2), Windows 11 (versions 22H3-25H2), and Windows Server (2012-2022 23H2). The vulnerability requires local access and low privileges (PR:L) with high attack complexity (AC:H), but no public exploit
Windows Shell security feature bypass enables unauthenticated remote attackers to defeat protection mechanisms across all supported Windows client and server versions (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, Server 2012 through Server 2025) via network-based attack requiring user interaction. The CVSS 8.8 rating reflects complete compromise potential (high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact) despite low attack complexity. Microsoft has released patches addressing this authentic
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Function Discovery Service (fdwsd.dll) allows low-privileged authenticated users to gain SYSTEM-level access via a race condition. Affects all supported Windows 10, 11, and Server versions from 2012 through 2025. Vendor-released patches available from Microsoft. CVSS 7.0 (high complexity local attack). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the race condition class (CWE-362) is well-understood and commonly weaponized once details emerge.
Privilege escalation in Windows Function Discovery Service (fdwsd.dll) allows authenticated local attackers to gain SYSTEM-level access by exploiting a race condition during shared resource handling. Affects all supported Windows 10/11 client versions and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. Vendor-released patches are available per Microsoft's May 2026 Patch Tuesday. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but CVSS 7.0 reflects high complexity local attack requiring low privileges.
Untrusted pointer dereference in Windows Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Device Host enables authenticated local attackers to elevate privileges to SYSTEM level across all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025. The vulnerability (CWE-822) requires low-privilege authenticated access and minimal attack complexity (CVSS 7.8, AV:L/AC:L/PR:L). No public exploit identified at time of analysis. Microsoft released patches for all affected versions including
Local privilege escalation in Windows Common Log File System (CLFS) Driver affects Windows 10, 11, and Server 2012-2025 through a use-after-free memory corruption flaw. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this vulnerability to gain SYSTEM-level access, achieving full control over confidentiality, integrity, and availability. While no public exploit identified at time of analysis, the Windows CLFS driver has been a frequent target for privilege escalation exploits histor
Local privilege escalation in Windows SSDP Service affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025 via a race condition vulnerability. Authenticated local users with low privileges can exploit improper synchronization in shared resource access to gain SYSTEM-level privileges, achieving full system compromise. Vendor-released patches are available across all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the local attack vector and high impact warrant priority patching on multi-user or sensitive systems.
Desktop Window Manager (DWM) use-after-free memory corruption allows authenticated local attackers to escalate privileges to SYSTEM on all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions (2012-2025). The vulnerability enables low-privileged users to gain complete control over affected systems with low attack complexity and no user interaction required. Vendor-released patches are available across all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the st
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) affects all Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025 via a use-after-free memory corruption flaw. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this CWE-416 vulnerability to achieve full system compromise (SYSTEM-level access), though the high attack complexity (AC:H) suggests exploitation requires precise timing or race condition manipulation. No public exp
Local privilege escalation in Windows Universal Plug and Play Device Host service affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions via untrusted pointer dereference (CWE-822). Low-complexity attack requires low-level authenticated access (PR:L) with no user interaction, enabling complete system compromise (C:H/I:H/A:H). Microsoft released patches in May 2025 for 21 affected product versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the local attack vector
Windows Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Device Host privilege escalation allows authenticated local attackers to gain SYSTEM-level access via use-after-free memory corruption. Affects all supported Windows versions from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. Vendor-released patches available. Attack requires low complexity with no user interaction (CVSS:3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the primitive nature of use-after-free v
Microsoft Management Console privilege escalation affects all supported Windows versions (10, 11, Server 2012-2025) via improper access control, allowing authenticated local users to gain SYSTEM-level privileges. CVSS 7.8 (High) reflects significant impact with low attack complexity requiring only low-level user credentials. Vendor-released patches available across all affected platforms through Microsoft's May 2025 update cycle. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the authe
Windows Installer privilege escalation via improper permission handling enables authenticated local users to gain SYSTEM-level access across all supported Windows 10, 11, and Server platforms (2012-2025). The vulnerability (CWE-280: Improper Handling of Insufficient Privileges) requires low-privilege local access but offers complete system compromise with low attack complexity. CVSS 7.8 High severity reflects full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. Vendor-released patches are a
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Search Component affects Windows 10 (1607-22H2), Windows 11 (22H3-26H1), and Windows Server (2012-2025) via use-after-free memory corruption (CWE-416). Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this vulnerability to gain SYSTEM-level access with low attack complexity and no user interaction required (CVSS 7.8). Vendor-released patches available for all affected versions; no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) allows authenticated low-privilege users to gain SYSTEM-level access through use-after-free memory corruption. Affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025, including Server Core installations. Vendor-released patches available across all affected platforms. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though high-complexity local exploitation (CVSS AC:H)
Local privilege escalation in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock affects all supported Windows 10, 11, and Server versions through use-after-free memory corruption. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this CWE-416 vulnerability to gain SYSTEM-level access, achieving high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Vendor-released patches are available across all affected platforms. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the high
Local privilege escalation in Windows Client Side Caching driver (csc.sys) allows authenticated users with low privileges to gain SYSTEM-level access via heap-based buffer overflow exploitation. Affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions (2012 through 2025). Vendor-released patches are available from Microsoft as of early 2026. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the straightforward attack complexity (AC:L) and no user interaction requirement (
Local privilege escalation in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) across Windows 10, 11, and Server 2012-2025 allows low-privileged authenticated attackers to gain SYSTEM-level access via race condition exploitation. The vulnerability affects widespread Windows deployments spanning a decade of operating system versions, from Server 2012 (6.2.9200.0) through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. Microsoft has released patches for all affected versions. No public exploit identified
Local privilege escalation in Windows Remote Desktop Licensing Service (affecting Windows 10 1607 through Windows Server 2025) allows low-privileged authenticated users to gain SYSTEM-level access by exploiting missing authentication on critical service functions. The vulnerability (CWE-306) requires local access and low-privilege credentials but enables complete system compromise with low attack complexity. Vendor-released patches are available across all affected Windows versions. No public ex
Local privilege escalation in Windows Cryptographic Services affects Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025 due to insecure storage of cryptographic material. Authenticated attackers with low privileges can exploit this CWE-922 weakness (insecure storage of sensitive information) to gain high-level access to confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Microsoft has released patches for all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis,
Windows Shell protection mechanism failure (CVE-2026-32202) allows remote attackers to perform spoofing attacks over a network without authentication, requiring only user interaction. This low-severity vulnerability affects multiple Windows versions from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. While not actively exploited in the wild, vendor patches are available across all affected versions, and the low CVSS score (4.3) reflects limited confidentiality impact and no availability impact despite the network-accessible attack vector.
Command injection in Windows Snipping Tool allows local code execution when an unauthorized attacker convinces a user to open a specially crafted file. This vulnerability affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions (2012 through 2025), requiring user interaction but no authentication (PR:N). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the local attack vector and user interaction requirement limit immediate remote threat. CVSS 7.8 reflects high impact ac
Remote code execution in Microsoft Remote Desktop Client for Windows allows unauthenticated network attackers to execute arbitrary code by delivering a malicious connection file or server response, requiring user interaction. This use-after-free vulnerability (CWE-416) affects Windows 10 (versions 1607-22H2), Windows 11 (22H3-26H1), Windows Server (2012-2025), and standalone Remote Desktop client versions below 2.0.1070.0. With CVSS 8.8 (network-accessible, no authentication required, low comple
Local code execution in Windows Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Device Host across all supported Windows 10, 11, and Server versions allows unauthenticated attackers to achieve high-impact compromise via use-after-free memory corruption. The vulnerability affects Windows 10 versions 1607 through 22H2, Windows 11 versions 22H3 through 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 (including Server Core installations). Despite requiring local access and high attack complexity (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H), the
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Function Discovery Service (fdwsd.dll) allows authenticated low-privilege attackers to gain SYSTEM-level access via race condition exploitation across all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions (2012-2025). The vulnerability requires local access and low privileges (CVSS PR:L) with high attack complexity (AC:H), yielding complete system compromise (C:H/I:H/A:H). Microsoft released patches addressing build versions up to 10.0.26100.32690 (Server 2025) and 10.0.28000.1836 (Windows 11 26H1). EPSS data not available; no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Windows Function Discovery Service (fdwsd.dll) enables low-privileged authenticated local attackers to escalate privileges to SYSTEM across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012-2025. Vendor-released patch available per Microsoft Security Response Center advisory. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the CVSS vector indicates local access with high attack complexity (AC:H), requiring authenticated low-privilege users (PR:L). A
Local privilege escalation in Windows SSDP Service (all Windows 10, 11, and Server versions from 2012 onwards) enables low-privileged authenticated users to gain SYSTEM-level access by exploiting a race condition in shared resource handling. The vulnerability requires low privileges and high attack complexity (CVSS AC:H), resulting in complete compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Vendor-released patches are available for all affected versions with specific build numbers pr
Local privilege escalation in Windows SSDP Service across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012-2025 allows authenticated users with low privileges to gain SYSTEM-level access by exploiting a race condition in shared resource handling. Attack complexity is high (AC:H), requiring precise timing to win the race window. Patch available per vendor advisory; no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Device Host allows authenticated attackers with low privileges to achieve system-level access through use-after-free memory corruption. Affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025. Microsoft has released patches across all affected product lines. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the local attack vector and authentication requirement (PR:L) limit immedi
Local privilege escalation via use-after-free in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) affects all supported Windows versions from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012-2025. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit memory corruption to gain SYSTEM-level access, though high attack complexity suggests reliable exploitation requires sophisticated techniques. Vendor-released patches are available across all affected versions. No publi
Windows LUAFV driver privilege escalation via TOCTOU race condition allows authenticated local attackers with low privileges to gain SYSTEM-level access across all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions (2012 through 2025). The vulnerability requires high attack complexity to exploit the narrow timing window between security checks and file operations. Vendor-released patch available across all affected platforms. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though th
Local privilege escalation in Windows TCP/IP stack across Windows 10, 11, and Server editions allows low-privileged authenticated users to gain SYSTEM-level access by exploiting a race condition in shared resource synchronization. This CWE-362 flaw affects every supported Windows version from legacy Server 2012 through cutting-edge Windows 11 26H1, with vendor-released patches available. The local attack vector (AV:L) and high complexity (AC:H) reduce immediate mass-exploitation risk, though the
Local privilege escalation in Windows Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Device Host affects all supported Windows versions from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit an untrusted pointer dereference (CWE-822) to achieve complete system compromise with high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Microsoft has released patches for all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, thoug
Local privilege escalation via use-after-free memory corruption in Windows Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Device Host affects all supported Windows versions from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this CWE-416 flaw to gain SYSTEM-level access with low attack complexity (CVSS:3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:L). Vendor-released patches are available across all affected Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server product lines. No public exploit code
Use-after-free in Windows TDI Translation Driver (tdx.sys) allows local privilege escalation to SYSTEM by authenticated low-privileged users on Windows 10/11 and Server 2012-2025. Microsoft has released security updates addressing this CWE-416 memory corruption flaw across all supported Windows versions. CVSS 7.0 reflects high attack complexity but full system compromise if successfully exploited. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the vulnerability's local attack vector an
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Kernel enables local privilege escalation to SYSTEM on Windows 10 (versions 1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (versions 22H3 through 26H1), and Windows Server (2012 through 2025). Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this memory corruption vulnerability to gain complete system control. Microsoft has released patches addressing 21 affected product versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the local attack vec
Windows Server Update Service (WSUS) race condition enables local privilege escalation to SYSTEM on Windows 10, 11, and Server 2012-2025. Authenticated users with low-level privileges can exploit improper synchronization in concurrent execution paths to gain full system control. Attack complexity is high (AC:H), requiring precise timing to win the race window. Vendor-released patches available for all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the high CVSS 7.0 s
Type confusion in Windows OLE (Object Linking and Embedding) enables authenticated local attackers to escalate privileges across all supported Windows 10, 11, and Server versions (2012-2025). The memory corruption flaw allows low-privileged users to execute code with elevated permissions through incompatible type handling. Vendor-released patches are available for all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the low attack complexity (AC:L) and lack of user interaction (UI:N) make this accessible to attackers with basic local access.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Remote Desktop Licensing Service affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions (2012-2025) via missing authentication on a critical function. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this CWE-306 authentication bypass to gain SYSTEM-level access with high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CVSS 7.8). Patch available per vendor; no public exploit identified at time of analysis. The wide foo
Windows Remote Desktop spoofing vulnerability allows remote unauthenticated attackers to bypass security warnings and trick users into accepting malicious RDP connections, potentially exposing sensitive session data. Affects all supported Windows 10, 11, and Server versions from 2012 through 2025. Vendor-released patches are available. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the low attack complexity (AC:L) and network attack vector (AV:N) indicate exploitation would be straight
Remote code execution in Windows RRAS across Server 2016, 2022, and 2025 via an integer overflow vulnerability allows authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code over the network with high privileges. Public exploit code exists for this vulnerability, and no patch is currently available. Authenticated users with network access can trigger the vulnerability through a simple interaction to gain complete system compromise.
Untrusted search path in Windows GDI allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally. [CVSS 7.8 HIGH]
Privilege escalation in Windows Telephony Service through heap buffer overflow affects Windows 10 1607, Windows 11 25h2, and Windows Server 2012, allowing adjacent network attackers to gain elevated system access without authentication. The vulnerability has a high CVSS score of 8.8 but currently lacks a patch, creating significant risk for exposed systems. Exploitation requires network proximity but no user interaction.
Windows Winlogon's failure to properly validate symbolic links before file access enables local privilege escalation on affected Windows Server and Windows 10/11 systems. An authenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability to gain elevated system privileges without user interaction. No patch is currently available for this high-severity issue affecting multiple Windows versions including Server 2025 and Windows 11 26h1.
Information disclosure in Windows GDI+ affects Windows 11 (24h2, 25h2) and Windows Server 2012/2016, allowing unauthenticated attackers to read sensitive data remotely through an out-of-bounds memory access vulnerability. The flaw requires no user interaction and can be exploited over the network to compromise confidentiality without modifying system data or availability. No patch is currently available for this high-severity vulnerability.
Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock in Windows Server 2025, 2022, and Windows 10 1809 contains insufficient input validation that allows authenticated local users to escalate privileges. An attacker with local access and valid credentials can exploit this vulnerability to gain elevated system permissions, though no patch is currently available. This HIGH severity vulnerability affects multiple Windows Server and client versions with no active exploit mitigation path.
Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD) in Windows 11 versions 24h2 and 26h1 contains a use-after-free vulnerability (CWE-416) that allows authenticated local attackers to escalate privileges through memory corruption. An attacker with local access could exploit this flaw to gain elevated system permissions, though no official patch is currently available.
Privilege escalation in Windows Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) across Windows 11, Windows 10, and Windows Server platforms allows authenticated network attackers to gain elevated privileges by exploiting improper validation of resource naming restrictions. An attacker with valid domain credentials can leverage this vulnerability to escalate their access level without user interaction. Currently, no patch is available, leaving all affected Windows versions vulnerable.
Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock in Windows 10 (all versions) and Windows 11 contains an access control weakness that enables authenticated local attackers to escalate privileges to system level. An attacker with standard user credentials can exploit this flaw to gain elevated rights on affected systems. No patch is currently available for this vulnerability.
Out-of-bounds read in Windows NTFS allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. [CVSS 7.8 HIGH]
Windows Extensible File Allocation (exFAT) contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability affecting Windows Server 2022, Windows 10 1607, and Windows 11 versions 23h2/25h2, enabling authenticated local users to escalate privileges with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability requires local access and user-level privileges to exploit, with no patch currently available. This flaw carries a CVSS score of 7.8 and affects multiple supported Windows versions across server and client platforms.
Remote code execution in Windows RRAS affects Windows 10 1607 and Windows Server 2022 23h2 through an integer overflow vulnerability exploitable by authenticated network attackers. Public exploit code exists for this vulnerability, enabling authenticated users to execute arbitrary code with high integrity and confidentiality impact. No patch is currently available, making this a critical exposure for affected Windows environments.
Remote code execution in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) across Windows Server 2012, 2022, and 2022 23h2 stems from an integer overflow vulnerability that authenticated network attackers can exploit with user interaction. Public exploit code exists for this vulnerability, enabling attackers to achieve arbitrary code execution with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. No patch is currently available.
Privilege escalation in Windows Authentication Methods (Windows 10 22H2, Windows 11 26H1) stems from a use-after-free memory vulnerability that allows authenticated local attackers to gain elevated system privileges. The flaw requires low user privileges and manual interaction but provides complete system compromise through code execution. No patch is currently available for this high-severity vulnerability.
Privilege escalation in Windows Performance Counters via null pointer dereference affects Windows Server 2019 and Windows 11 systems, enabling authenticated local attackers to gain elevated privileges. The vulnerability impacts systems where users have standard account access, allowing them to escalate to higher privilege levels on affected machines. No patch is currently available.
Privilege escalation in Windows Device Association Service (Windows 10 versions 1607, 1809, and 21H2) stems from improper synchronization of shared resources, enabling local authenticated users to gain elevated system privileges. The vulnerability requires high attack complexity and no user interaction, making it exploitable by insiders or compromised local accounts. No patch is currently available.
Windows SMB Server authentication bypass across multiple versions (Windows 10 1607, Windows 11 23h2, Windows Server 2012/2025) permits authenticated local users to escalate privileges with high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability stems from improper authentication validation in the SMB service, allowing a local attacker to gain system-level access without user interaction. No patch is currently available, leaving affected systems vulnerable to privilege escalation attacks from any authenticated user.