Windows 10 Version 22H2
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Remote code execution in Windows IKE Extension (Internet Key Exchange) via double free memory corruption allows unauthenticated network attackers to execute arbitrary code on Windows 10 (1607-22H2), Windows 11 (22H3-26H1), and Windows Server (2016-2025). CVSS 9.8 critical severity with network vector requiring no authentication or user interaction. Vendor patch released by Microsoft addresses CWE-415 double free weakness. EPSS score of 0.07% (21st percentile) suggests low observed exploitation probability despite critical severity rating, indicating this may be a targeted or difficult-to-exploit vulnerability in production environments. No CISA KEV listing or public POC identified at time of analysis.
Remote code execution in Windows TCP/IP networking stack across Windows 10, 11, and Server versions allows unauthenticated network attackers to execute arbitrary code by exploiting a race condition in shared resource synchronization. The vulnerability affects all supported Windows versions from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. Microsoft has released patches addressing this high-severity flaw (CVSS 8.1). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though SSVC assessment
Local privilege escalation in Windows Win32K graphics subsystem (Win32K-GRFX) allows authenticated attackers with low privileges to gain SYSTEM-level access by exploiting a race condition during concurrent resource access. Affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025. Microsoft has released patches addressing this CWE-362 synchronization flaw. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the local attack vector and high complexity (
Local privilege escalation in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025. The CWE-416 use-after-free memory corruption flaw allows low-privileged authenticated attackers with local access to elevate to SYSTEM privileges, achieving complete control over confidentiality, integrity, and availability. SSVC framework rates this as non-automatable with total technical impact. No public exploit
Local privilege escalation via use-after-free in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) allows authenticated low-privileged attackers to execute arbitrary code with SYSTEM privileges across all supported Windows versions. Microsoft has released patches for Windows 10 (versions 1607-22H2), Windows 11 (versions 22H3-25H2), and Windows Server (2012-2022 23H2). The vulnerability requires local access and low privileges (PR:L) with high attack complexity (AC:H), but no public exploit
Windows Shell security feature bypass enables unauthenticated remote attackers to defeat protection mechanisms across all supported Windows client and server versions (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, Server 2012 through Server 2025) via network-based attack requiring user interaction. The CVSS 8.8 rating reflects complete compromise potential (high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact) despite low attack complexity. Microsoft has released patches addressing this authentic
Desktop Window Manager (DWM) privilege escalation via use-after-free memory corruption affects Windows 10 21H2/22H2, Windows 11 22H3 through 25H2, and Windows Server 2022/2025. Local authenticated attackers with low privileges can exploit this memory corruption flaw to gain SYSTEM-level access, achieving full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Vendor-released patches are available across all affected platforms. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the
Use-after-free in Microsoft Windows Speech component enables local privilege escalation to SYSTEM on Windows 10 (versions 1809, 21H2, 22H2) and Windows 11 (versions 22H3 through 26H1). Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit memory corruption to gain full system control with low attack complexity and no user interaction required. CVSS 7.8 (High). Vendor-released patches available for all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the straigh
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Function Discovery Service (fdwsd.dll) allows low-privileged authenticated users to gain SYSTEM-level access via a race condition. Affects all supported Windows 10, 11, and Server versions from 2012 through 2025. Vendor-released patches available from Microsoft. CVSS 7.0 (high complexity local attack). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the race condition class (CWE-362) is well-understood and commonly weaponized once details emerge.
Privilege escalation in Windows Function Discovery Service (fdwsd.dll) allows authenticated local attackers to gain SYSTEM-level access by exploiting a race condition during shared resource handling. Affects all supported Windows 10/11 client versions and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. Vendor-released patches are available per Microsoft's May 2026 Patch Tuesday. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but CVSS 7.0 reflects high complexity local attack requiring low privileges.
Desktop Window Manager (DWM) use-after-free memory corruption allows authenticated local attackers to escalate privileges to SYSTEM on all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions (2012-2025). The vulnerability enables low-privileged users to gain complete control over affected systems with low attack complexity and no user interaction required. Vendor-released patches are available across all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the st
Local privilege escalation in Windows Container Isolation FS Filter Driver affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions through use-after-free memory corruption. Low-complexity attack requires only low-privileged local access to achieve full system compromise (SYSTEM-level privileges). Microsoft has released patches for all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the low attack complexity (AC:L) and requirement for only low privileges
Windows Shell protection mechanism failure (CVE-2026-32202) allows remote attackers to perform spoofing attacks over a network without authentication, requiring only user interaction. This low-severity vulnerability affects multiple Windows versions from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. While not actively exploited in the wild, vendor patches are available across all affected versions, and the low CVSS score (4.3) reflects limited confidentiality impact and no availability impact despite the network-accessible attack vector.
Remote code execution in Microsoft Remote Desktop Client for Windows allows unauthenticated network attackers to execute arbitrary code by delivering a malicious connection file or server response, requiring user interaction. This use-after-free vulnerability (CWE-416) affects Windows 10 (versions 1607-22H2), Windows 11 (22H3-26H1), Windows Server (2012-2025), and standalone Remote Desktop client versions below 2.0.1070.0. With CVSS 8.8 (network-accessible, no authentication required, low comple
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Desktop Window Manager (dwm.exe) affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions via a use-after-free memory corruption flaw. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this CWE-416 weakness to gain SYSTEM-level access with low attack complexity, requiring no user interaction. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and SSVC framework assesses exploitation status as 'none' with non-automatable attack r
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Function Discovery Service (fdwsd.dll) allows authenticated low-privilege attackers to gain SYSTEM-level access via race condition exploitation across all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions (2012-2025). The vulnerability requires local access and low privileges (CVSS PR:L) with high attack complexity (AC:H), yielding complete system compromise (C:H/I:H/A:H). Microsoft released patches addressing build versions up to 10.0.26100.32690 (Server 2025) and 10.0.28000.1836 (Windows 11 26H1). EPSS data not available; no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Windows Function Discovery Service (fdwsd.dll) enables low-privileged authenticated local attackers to escalate privileges to SYSTEM across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012-2025. Vendor-released patch available per Microsoft Security Response Center advisory. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the CVSS vector indicates local access with high attack complexity (AC:H), requiring authenticated low-privilege users (PR:L). A
Desktop Window Manager (DWM) in Windows 10 21H2/22H2, Windows 11 22H3/23H2, and Windows Server 2022 allows authenticated local attackers with low privileges to elevate to SYSTEM via a use-after-free memory corruption flaw. CVSS 7.8 (High). Vendor-released patch available. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though EPSS data not provided. This is a post-authentication escalation requiring initial local foothold, not a remote intrusion vector.
Windows Boot Loader across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 omits a required cryptographic integrity step (CWE-325), enabling a locally authenticated attacker to bypass boot-time security features. The CVSS vector (AV:L/PR:L) confirms exploitation requires an existing local foothold - remote unauthenticated attacks are not possible. No active exploitation is recorded (SSVC: none, EPSS 0.23%), but SSVC rates technical impact as total, reflecting that a successful boot-level security bypass can undermine the entire trusted boot chain and enable persistent pre-OS compromise.
Windows Kernel security feature bypass across Windows 10, 11, and Server 2012 through 2025 allows a local authenticated attacker to circumvent kernel-enforced access controls, resulting in high-confidence disclosure of sensitive information (C:H). Rooted in CWE-284 (Improper Access Control), the flaw enables a privilege-constrained local user to read protected data beyond their authorization boundary. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis; EPSS sits at 0.25% (16th percentile) and SSVC assigns exploitation status 'none,' consistently characterizing this as a standard patch-cycle priority rather than an emergency response item.
Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) across a broad range of Windows 10, 11, and Server editions discloses potentially sensitive memory contents over the network due to an uninitialized resource flaw (CWE-908), exploitable by remote unauthenticated attackers when a user interacts with an RDP session. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N) indicates network-wide reachability with no attacker privilege requirement, though mandatory user interaction (UI:R) prevents automated mass exploitation. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; EPSS at 0.51% (40th percentile) and SSVC exploitation status of 'none' confirm low current threat activity despite Windows RDP's ubiquitous enterprise attack surface.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows USB Audio Class driver (usbaudio.sys) exposes kernel memory contents to an attacker who physically connects a crafted USB audio device to an unpatched system. Affected systems span Windows 10 (1809 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2019/2022/2025, as confirmed by EUVD-2026-44284 and the MSRC advisory. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and EPSS at 0.42% (34th percentile) reflects low automated exploitation probability consistent with the mandatory physical access requirement.
Information disclosure via uninitialized resource use in Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) exposes sensitive memory contents to authenticated remote attackers across a wide range of Microsoft Windows desktop and server editions. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) confirms this is exploitable over the network by any low-privileged authenticated user with no complexity or interaction requirements, yielding high confidentiality impact. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the low barrier to exploitation and the ubiquitous deployment of Windows RDP make this a meaningful patching priority.
Information disclosure in Windows Print Spooler Components exposes memory contents to locally authenticated attackers via an out-of-bounds read (CWE-125). The flaw affects a sweeping range of Windows releases from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025, making the affected surface extremely broad. Microsoft has released patched builds and the SSVC assessment confirms no observed exploitation, with EPSS at 0.31% (22nd percentile) corroborating a low immediate threat posture; however, Print Spooler's historical exploitation history (PrintNightmare family) warrants prompt patching given attacker familiarity with the component.
Information disclosure in Windows File Explorer exposes sensitive memory contents to local attackers due to CWE-908 use of an uninitialized resource. Triggered when a local user interacts with File Explorer, the flaw allows memory contents - potentially including sensitive data from other processes or the OS - to be read without elevated privileges. No public exploit code has been identified and CISA has not listed this in KEV, but the breadth of affected platforms (Windows 10 through 11 and Windows Server 2012 through 2025) makes patching broadly applicable.
Uninitialized memory exposure in the Microsoft Windows Codecs Library enables a local attacker to disclose sensitive process memory contents on affected Windows systems. The flaw (CWE-908) requires user interaction - specifically opening or processing a specially crafted media file - but demands no elevated privileges. No public exploit code exists and no active exploitation is confirmed; EPSS sits at 0.51% (40th percentile), consistent with SSVC's 'Exploitation: none' assessment, making this a medium-severity, low-urgency issue relative to the breadth of affected platforms.
Information disclosure in Microsoft Windows Schannel (the Secure Channel TLS/SSL provider) lets an authenticated, network-adjacent attacker read memory beyond an allocated buffer and leak sensitive data across a network connection. The flaw spans nearly the entire supported Windows family - Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. Reported by Microsoft with a fix available; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Windows Win32K information disclosure on multiple Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases allows a locally authenticated low-privilege user to read sensitive kernel-level data that should be inaccessible to user-space processes. Rooted in CWE-200 (improper exposure of sensitive information), the flaw exposes confidentiality-impacting data via the Win32K graphical subsystem without requiring elevated rights or user interaction from another party. No public exploit code has been identified, CISA SSVC rates exploitation status as 'none,' and the EPSS score of 0.47% (38th percentile) confirms low near-term exploitation probability.
Null pointer dereference in the Windows SMB Server component allows an authenticated network attacker to crash the service across multiple Windows 10, 11, and Server editions. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H) confirms network exploitability with low-privilege credentials and complete availability impact, though confidentiality and integrity are unaffected. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; SSVC exploitation status is 'none' and EPSS sits at 0.79%, indicating low active exploitation pressure despite the broad product footprint.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) stack enables unauthenticated network attackers to disclose high-confidentiality memory contents from affected Windows systems, contingent on user interaction during an RDP session. The flaw (CWE-125) spans Windows 10 builds 1607 through 22H2, Windows 11 24H2 through 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. No active exploitation is confirmed by CISA KEV, SSVC rates it non-automatable with partial technical impact, and EPSS sits at 0.67% (48th percentile), indicating moderate-to-low near-term exploitation probability despite the high confidentiality impact in the CVSS score.
Uninitialized memory disclosure in the Windows SMB stack allows a locally authenticated attacker to read sensitive contents from uninitialized buffers, affecting Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. The flaw (CWE-908) resides in the SMB subsystem where a resource is consumed before being properly zeroed, leaking residual memory contents to a low-privileged local user. No public exploit code exists and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog; SSVC assessment places exploitation at none with partial technical impact, making this a standard patch-cycle priority rather than an emergency response item.
Windows Cryptographic Services on multiple Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server editions contains a CWE-200 information disclosure flaw that allows a locally authenticated attacker with standard user privileges to read sensitive cryptographic material they should not be authorized to access. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) confirms exploitation is entirely local and requires a pre-existing low-privilege session, positioning this as an insider threat or post-compromise scenario rather than an initial access vector. No public exploit code has been identified, CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none, and EPSS sits at only 0.47%, collectively indicating low real-world exploitation activity at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation via heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows NTFS filesystem driver affects a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions, requiring only physical access to the target device - no OS credentials needed. An attacker with hands-on access to the hardware can trigger a heap overflow in NTFS processing to gain elevated privileges, potentially achieving full system compromise (High C/I/A). No public exploit code has been identified and this CVE is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, but the combination of zero authentication requirements and critical-level impact makes it a realistic threat for physically accessible endpoints. A vendor-supplied patch is available via the Microsoft Security Response Center.
BitLocker encryption bypass on Windows enables an unauthenticated attacker with physical access to circumvent drive-level encryption protections and read confidential data from protected volumes. Affected platforms span Windows 10 (versions 1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2016 through 2025, with a publicly available proof-of-concept exploit on GitHub lowering the bar for physical-access adversaries. No active exploitation is confirmed (not in CISA KEV; SSVC exploitation status: none), and EPSS sits at 0.38% (30th percentile), consistent with a targeted rather than opportunistic threat; Microsoft has released patches across all affected build lines.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Resilient File System (ReFS) driver enables an unauthorized attacker with physical access to the target machine to execute arbitrary code, achieving full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability spans a wide range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases from 2016 through 2025. No public exploit or active exploitation has been identified (SSVC: Exploitation none), and Microsoft has released patches; however, the physical attack vector (AV:P) is the dominant risk-shaping factor.
Denial of service in Windows Hyper-V allows an authorized, adjacent-network attacker to crash or disrupt the hypervisor by triggering a buffer over-read (CWE-126). Affected platforms span Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025, covering a broad slice of Microsoft's enterprise footprint. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV, but a vendor-issued patch is available via Microsoft MSRC.
Local tampering in Windows DNS via improper access control (CWE-284) allows a low-privilege authenticated local user to manipulate DNS configuration or records across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:L) confirms exploitation requires only a valid local account with no elevated privileges, yielding high integrity impact with minimal availability disruption and no direct confidentiality exposure. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the 'Authentication Bypass' advisory tag suggests DNS tampering may enable downstream bypass of authentication mechanisms dependent on DNS resolution, potentially amplifying the effective impact beyond the raw CVSS score.
Buffer over-read in the Windows Kernel exposes kernel memory contents to locally authenticated, low-privilege attackers across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. The flaw (CWE-126) allows out-of-bounds memory reads within the kernel address space, resulting in high-confidence confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability consequence. No public exploit code has been identified and CISA SSVC assessment confirms no active exploitation at time of analysis, though the wide deployment footprint of affected Windows versions makes prompt patching a sensible priority.
Windows Media in Microsoft Windows exposes sensitive information to locally authenticated standard users, allowing disclosure of data the attacker is not authorized to access. Affected platforms span Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 through Server 2025, representing a very broad installed base. No public exploit code has been identified and EPSS at 0.36% (28th percentile) reflects low opportunistic interest, though the local-access requirement is a weaker barrier in shared-access environments such as Remote Desktop Services or VDI deployments.
Out-of-bounds read in usbaudio.sys (Windows USB Audio Class driver) exposes kernel memory contents to attackers with physical device access across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. An attacker who can physically connect a crafted USB audio device causes the driver to read beyond an allocated buffer, potentially leaking sensitive kernel memory to the attacker. No public exploit exists and no active exploitation has been identified; SSVC rates this as non-automatable with partial technical impact, placing it firmly in the lower-urgency tier despite its wide platform coverage.
Information disclosure in the Windows Quality of Service (QoS) Packet Scheduler component exposes sensitive data to locally authenticated low-privileged users across a wide range of Windows client and server releases. The flaw (CWE-200) allows a local attacker with standard user access to read memory or network-related data that should be restricted to higher-privilege contexts. No public exploit exists and SSVC classifies exploitation as none with partial technical impact, but the breadth of affected Windows versions - from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025 - makes patching a broad operational priority.
Use-after-free in the Windows Virtual Filtering Platform (VFP) enables authenticated network attackers to crash affected Windows endpoints and servers, resulting in a denial-of-service condition. The vulnerability spans a broad range of supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases through 2025, making patch prioritization important despite the medium CVSS score. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, and SSVC classifies this as not automatable with partial technical impact.
Windows File Explorer on a wide range of Microsoft Windows client and server versions exposes sensitive information to locally authenticated standard users, achieving high confidentiality impact without requiring elevated privileges. The flaw (CWE-200) is confined to the local attack surface - CVSS AV:L/PR:L - meaning the attacker must already hold an interactive session on the target system. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis; a vendor patch is available through Microsoft Security Response Center.
Windows File Explorer exposes sensitive information to low-privileged local authenticated users across a wide range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions. Classified under CWE-200, the flaw enables an attacker already present on a system with standard user rights to access data they should not be permitted to view - no elevation of privilege or remote access is required. No public exploit code has been identified and CISA SSVC confirms no active exploitation, keeping real-world urgency moderate despite the broad affected product surface.
Windows File Explorer across all major Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases exposes sensitive information to local authenticated users via a CWE-200 information disclosure flaw. An authorized attacker with low-privilege local access can read data they should not be permitted to access without any user interaction. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis and CISA SSVC confirms no observed exploitation, placing this squarely in routine patch-cycle priority despite the broad footprint of affected systems.
Windows File Explorer exposes sensitive information to locally authenticated, low-privileged users across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. Classified under CWE-200, the flaw allows an authorized local attacker to read data they should not have access to through the File Explorer shell component. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, EPSS sits at 0.36% (28th percentile), and CISA SSVC assesses exploitation as none and not automatable - indicating low urgency despite the high confidentiality impact recorded in the CVSS score.
Information disclosure in the Windows Overlay Filter (WofFilter) kernel-mode driver allows a locally authenticated low-privileged user to read sensitive data they are not authorized to access across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2016 through 2025. The flaw stems from CWE-200 (improper restriction of information to unauthorized actors) within the filter driver's handling of layered filesystem operations. No public exploit code has been identified and no active exploitation is confirmed; however, the high confidentiality impact (C:H) makes this a meaningful stepping stone in multi-stage attacks on shared or multi-tenant Windows systems.
Local information disclosure in Windows Universal Plug and Play (upnp.dll) exposes sensitive memory contents to authorized low-privilege users across a wide range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. The flaw stems from use of an uninitialized resource (CWE-908), meaning the UPnP service reads from memory that has not been properly initialized before use, potentially leaking stale heap or stack contents. No active exploitation has been confirmed and no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis; a vendor patch is available via the Microsoft Security Response Center.
Windows Print Spooler Components on multiple Windows 10, 11, and Server editions contain a buffer over-read flaw (CWE-126) that allows a locally authenticated attacker with low privileges to disclose sensitive memory contents. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) confirms exploitation requires local access and a standard user account, limiting the attack surface to insiders or already-compromised endpoints. No public exploit or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, and EPSS at 0.30% (22nd percentile) alongside SSVC exploitation status of 'none' together indicate low near-term exploitation probability.
Privilege escalation via physical attack in the Windows Cloud Files Mini Filter Driver (cldflt.sys) affects all major Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases through 2025. The use-after-free memory corruption flaw (CWE-416) in the kernel-mode driver allows an attacker with physical access to the device to escalate privileges to SYSTEM level, achieving full confidentiality, integrity, and availability compromise. No public exploit code has been identified and CISA has not listed this in KEV, but the SSVC assessment notes total technical impact - the physical access requirement is the primary limiting factor, not the vulnerability's severity once that barrier is cleared.
Out-of-bounds memory read in the Windows Desktop Window Manager (DWM) Core Library enables a locally authenticated, low-privileged user to disclose sensitive memory contents across a wide range of Windows client and server versions. The flaw is reachable by any standard user account without administrative rights, making it relevant in multi-user, shared workstation, and terminal services environments. No active exploitation is confirmed - CISA SSVC rates exploitation as 'none', EPSS sits at 0.31% (22nd percentile), and no KEV listing exists - but the broad affected surface spanning Windows 10 through Windows 11 and Server 2025 warrants timely patching.
Windows Cryptographic Services across all supported Microsoft Windows client and server editions exposes sensitive cryptographic material to locally authenticated low-privilege users through a CWE-200 information disclosure flaw. Spanning Windows 10 version 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025, the vulnerability allows an attacker with a standard local account to read confidential data - likely cryptographic keys, certificates, or intermediate cryptographic state - without any user interaction. SSVC rates exploitation as none, EPSS at 0.47% (38th percentile) indicates low near-term exploitation probability, and no active exploitation has been confirmed by CISA KEV, positioning this as a routine patch-cycle priority rather than an emergency response.
Local information disclosure in Windows Notification affects authenticated users across a wide range of Microsoft Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. An attacker with low-privilege local access can exploit this CWE-200 flaw to read sensitive data that should be inaccessible to their account, with no user interaction required. No public exploit or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patched builds addressing all affected versions.
Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) exposes sensitive memory contents to network-adjacent attackers due to use of an uninitialized resource (CWE-908), resulting in high-confidentiality information disclosure. The flaw affects a broad swath of supported Windows client and server releases - from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025 - and requires victim user interaction (UI:R per CVSS) to trigger, limiting automated mass exploitation. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing exists at time of analysis, and SSVC rates exploitation as 'none' with non-automatable technical impact, suggesting this is a real but not imminently weaponized risk.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows Cloud Files Mini Filter Driver (cldflt.sys) exposes kernel memory contents to local attackers with standard user privileges. Affected across Windows 10 (1809 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2019 through 2025, the vulnerability allows an authorized local account to read beyond allocated buffer boundaries in the driver that underpins cloud sync features such as OneDrive Files On-Demand. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS is 0.31% (22nd percentile) and SSVC rates exploitation as none, making this a moderate patch priority rather than an emergency response.
Null pointer dereference in Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) on Windows allows an authenticated, network-adjacent attacker to crash the service and deny domain authentication to all dependent users and systems. Affecting Windows 10 versions 1607 through 22H2, Windows 11 versions 24H2 through 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025, this vulnerability carries a CVSS 6.5 with high availability impact. No public exploit identified at time of analysis and CISA SSVC assesses exploitation as none with non-automatable attack path, keeping real-world urgency at moderate despite the breadth of affected platforms.
Integer overflow in the Windows Devices Human Interface (HID) subsystem enables a local, low-privileged attacker to disclose sensitive information on affected systems. The vulnerability spans Windows 10 (versions 1809 through 22H2), Windows 11 (versions 24H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2019 through 2025, representing a broad attack surface across Microsoft's supported OS portfolio. No public exploit code exists and CISA SSVC rates current exploitation as none, with an EPSS score of 0.30% (22nd percentile) confirming very low near-term exploitation probability.
Windows Push Notifications on multiple Windows 10, 11, and Server editions exposes sensitive information to low-privileged local attackers, who can read notification content or related data scoped to other users or higher-privilege contexts without any user interaction. Affected platforms span Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2016 through 2025, with vendor-confirmed fixed build versions available via Microsoft Update. No public exploit exists and no active exploitation is confirmed - SSVC rates exploitation as none and EPSS sits at 0.36% (28th percentile) - making this a secondary patching priority unless operating shared multi-user Windows environments.
Sensitive information disclosure in Windows Push Notifications (WPN) permits a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to read confidential data they are not authorized to access. Affected systems span Windows 10 (1809 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2 through 26H1), Windows Server 2019, 2022, and 2025, covering a broad enterprise and consumer footprint. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS sits at 0.36% (28th percentile), and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none with non-automatable attack paths.
Sensitive information disclosure in Windows Push Notifications allows a locally authenticated standard user to access notification data they are not authorized to view across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2022/2025 platforms. The flaw (CWE-200) requires only low-privilege local access - no elevated rights or user interaction - making it exploitable by any interactive user on a vulnerable host. No public exploit code exists at time of analysis, and both EPSS (0.36%, 28th percentile) and SSVC (exploitation: none, automatable: no) signals indicate low near-term weaponization risk despite the high confidentiality impact rating.
Buffer over-read in the Windows NTFS kernel driver exposes adjacent memory contents to a local attacker holding a standard user account across a broad range of Windows 10, 11, and Server releases. Exploitation is constrained to AV:L/PR:L, meaning an attacker must already have interactive or programmatic local access before triggering the CWE-126 condition - making this a post-compromise reconnaissance primitive rather than an initial-access vector. EPSS stands at 0.31% (22nd percentile) and SSVC confirms no known exploitation activity, placing this at low operational urgency despite the High confidentiality impact rating.
Windows Kernel information disclosure across a broad range of Microsoft Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server editions allows a locally authenticated low-privileged attacker to read sensitive kernel memory contents they are not authorized to access. The flaw is classified under CWE-200 (Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor) and is confined to local exploitation with no integrity or availability impact. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches addressing the issue across all affected version branches per EUVD-2026-43865.
Windows Cryptographic Services improperly validates certificates across multiple Windows 10, 11, and Server editions, enabling remote unauthenticated attackers to bypass security features enforced by the PKI/certificate trust chain over a network path. Affected platforms span Windows 10 21H2 and 22H2, Windows 11 24H2 through 26H1, and Windows Server 2022 and 2025 in both full and Server Core deployments. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS at 0.24% (15th percentile) and SSVC exploitation status of 'none' together indicate low near-term exploitation probability despite the broad product footprint.
Windows Key Guard on multiple Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server editions exposes a cryptographic security bypass to locally authenticated low-privilege users due to CWE-1240 (Use of a Cryptographic Primitive with a Risky Implementation), allowing protected key material to be accessed in violation of the Key Guard security boundary. Affected builds span Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2019 through 2025, representing a broad swath of Microsoft's current supported OS surface. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS sits at 0.21% (11th percentile) and SSVC classifies exploitation status as none with no automation potential, indicating low near-term exploitation probability despite the ubiquitous footprint.
Integer underflow in the Windows Kernel enables a locally authenticated attacker to disclose sensitive kernel memory contents across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server platforms. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) confirms that any low-privilege local user can trigger the flaw without special configuration or user interaction, yielding high confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability consequences. Microsoft has released a patch via the July 2026 Security Update Guide; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
Type confusion in the Windows Composite Image File System (CimFS) kernel driver enables local, low-privileged authenticated users to disclose protected memory contents on widely-deployed Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server platforms. The flaw (CWE-843) causes the driver to access a kernel resource via an incompatible type, resulting in unintended memory reads with high confidentiality impact. No public exploit or active exploitation has been confirmed - SSVC lists exploitation as 'none,' EPSS stands at 0.29% (21st percentile), and the vulnerability is absent from the CISA KEV catalog - placing real-world risk in the lower-medium tier despite the C:H CVSS sub-score.
Sensitive information disclosure in the Windows Trusted Runtime Interface Driver permits a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to read protected data from the affected system. The flaw impacts Windows 10 (21H2, 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2, 25H2, 26H1), and Windows Server 2025 across both full and Server Core installations. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA has not listed this in the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog; Microsoft has released patches resolving the issue.
Sensitive information disclosure in the Windows Kernel affects Windows 10 (versions 21H2 and 22H2), Windows 11 (versions 24H2, 25H2, and 26H1), and Windows Server 2022 and 2025, where the kernel writes sensitive data into log files that a low-privileged local user can access. An authorized attacker with a standard local account can read these log files to obtain sensitive kernel-level information, yielding high confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability consequence. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and the EPSS score of 0.36% at the 28th percentile corroborates low near-term exploitation likelihood; Microsoft has released patches addressing all affected versions.
Privilege escalation to SYSTEM level is achievable in Windows Spaceport.sys - the kernel-mode Storage Spaces port driver - across a wide range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases, when an attacker has physical access to the target machine. An integer overflow or wraparound in the driver's arithmetic logic (CWE-190) can corrupt kernel memory structures, enabling full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and SSVC confirms exploitation status as none, but the Technical Impact rating is total, meaning successful exploitation fully compromises the affected system.
Local information disclosure in Windows DirectX exposes sensitive data to unauthorized local actors across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions. The vulnerability (CWE-200) achieves high confidentiality impact per the CVSS vector while producing no integrity or availability impact, meaning an attacker gains read access to protected data without disrupting system operation. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; EPSS at 0.38% (30th percentile) and SSVC exploitation status of 'none' collectively indicate low near-term exploitation probability despite the wide affected surface.
Uninitialized memory disclosure in the Windows SMB implementation enables a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to read sensitive contents from uninitialized kernel or heap buffers, achieving high confidentiality impact within the affected system. The vulnerability spans Windows 10 (from version 1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (versions 24H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 across both full and Server Core installation types. No public exploit code has been identified and CISA SSVC assesses exploitation status as none, placing this firmly in the patch-and-monitor category rather than emergency response.
Windows Kernel information disclosure across a broad range of Microsoft Windows desktop and server editions allows a local, unprivileged attacker to read sensitive kernel memory or system state not intended for user-space access. The CVSS:3.1 vector AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N confirms local code execution with no special privileges is sufficient to trigger the flaw. EPSS sits at 0.38% (30th percentile) with no CISA KEV listing and SSVC exploitation status of 'none,' indicating no confirmed or publicly observed active exploitation at time of analysis; however, kernel information leaks of this class are routinely used to stage ASLR-bypass steps in multi-stage privilege escalation chains.
Privilege escalation to SYSTEM level is achievable in the Windows USB Video Class (UVC) driver across a broad swath of Windows 10, 11, and Server editions via physical connection of a malicious USB device. The heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) is triggered when the driver processes attacker-controlled UVC descriptors from a crafted device, corrupting kernel heap memory. No active exploitation is confirmed (absent from CISA KEV, SSVC exploitation=none), and EPSS sits at 0.37% (29th percentile), consistent with the physical access barrier that makes mass exploitation impractical.
LSASS denial-of-service in Microsoft Windows enables authenticated network attackers to exhaust resources in the Local Security Authority Subsystem Service, crashing it and forcing a system reboot across a wide range of Windows 10, 11, and Server releases spanning Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025. Microsoft has released patched builds via its standard update cycle; no public exploit code exists and CISA has not listed this in KEV. Despite the broad product footprint, EPSS of 0.79% and SSVC exploitation status of 'none' indicate low current threat activity, though domain controllers represent elevated-risk targets due to LSASS's role as the authentication hub.
Integer overflow in Windows Storage Spaces Direct enables an unauthenticated attacker with physical access to execute arbitrary code on affected Windows client and server platforms. The CVSS vector (AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N, C:H/I:H/A:H) confirms that no credentials are required but direct physical presence at the target hardware is mandatory, substantially narrowing the realistic attacker pool. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; SSVC rates exploitation as 'none' and EPSS stands at 0.33% (26th percentile), consistent with a physical-vector vulnerability not currently observed in opportunistic campaigns.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows USB Audio Class driver (usbaudio.sys) enables physical attackers to disclose kernel memory contents across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. Exploitation requires plugging a crafted USB audio device into the target machine, making remote attack impossible by design. No public exploit exists and SSVC exploitation status is confirmed as none, though the High confidentiality impact rating reflects that kernel memory disclosure can expose sensitive in-memory data if triggered.
Link-following vulnerability in Windows upnp.dll (Universal Plug and Play) enables a locally authenticated attacker with standard user privileges to read files outside intended access boundaries by planting symbolic links or junction points that the service resolves without proper validation. Affected scope spans Windows 10 (versions 1607-22H2), Windows 11 (versions 24H2-26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; EPSS of 0.27% (19th percentile) and CISA SSVC exploitation status of 'none' collectively indicate low near-term exploitation probability.
Windows Event Logging Service across a wide range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions fails to enforce its intended protection mechanisms, permitting any authenticated low-privileged network user to read information that should be access-controlled. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N) confirms exploitation requires only a valid low-privilege account and network connectivity, with no user interaction and no elevated rights - making it a practical post-compromise lateral-movement or reconnaissance tool. No public exploit code has been identified and this CVE is not listed in CISA KEV at time of analysis, but the ubiquitous deployment footprint across the Windows ecosystem elevates organizational exposure.
Windows File Explorer on affected Microsoft Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server platforms exposes sensitive information to locally authenticated low-privilege users without authorization. The CWE-200 root cause indicates inadequate access restrictions within the File Explorer shell component, enabling a user to read data beyond their authorization boundary. No public exploit exists and SSVC confirms no observed exploitation activity, but the broad Windows deployment footprint and high confidentiality impact (C:H) make this relevant for shared-access environments, terminal servers, and organizations with insider-threat concerns.
Windows File Explorer across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases contains a use-of-uninitialized-resource flaw (CWE-908) that allows a low-privileged local attacker to read stale memory contents and disclose potentially sensitive information. The vulnerability is locally constrained (AV:L, PR:L) with no integrity or availability impact, and SSVC signals no known exploitation and no automatable attack path. EPSS at 0.31% (22nd percentile) and the absence of a CISA KEV entry collectively indicate low near-term exploitation likelihood despite the wide deployment footprint of the affected OS.
Windows Audio Service on multiple Windows desktop and server versions improperly exposes sensitive information to locally authenticated standard users, enabling information disclosure without requiring elevated privileges. Affecting Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2019 (with Server 2022 and 2025 referenced in tags), the flaw is exploitable post-foothold by any low-privileged local account, making it a realistic post-exploitation pivot rather than an initial access vector. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and a vendor-released patch is confirmed available via the Microsoft Security Response Center.
Windows File Explorer on virtually all supported Microsoft Windows desktop and server editions leaks sensitive information to locally authenticated low-privileged users, classified under CWE-200. The flaw allows a local attacker holding only a standard account to access data that should be restricted to higher-privileged processes - with no user interaction required (UI:N) and low attack complexity (AC:L). Despite the high confidentiality impact in the CVSS vector, EPSS sits at just 0.36% (28th percentile) and SSVC confirms exploitation as 'none' and the attack as not automatable, placing this firmly in the category of a patch-cycle priority rather than an emergency response. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows Kernel (CWE-125) enables a locally authenticated attacker with standard user privileges to bypass a kernel security feature and read kernel memory contents. Confirmed by Microsoft (MSRC) across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 editions, with patches available for all affected builds. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing exist at time of analysis; EPSS at 0.29% (20th percentile) and SSVC exploitation status of 'none' together signal low current exploitation activity, though the kernel memory disclosure primitive is a classic KASLR-defeat building block in chained exploits.
Null pointer dereference in Windows Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) enables a low-privileged authenticated attacker to crash the service remotely, causing denial of service across the affected domain. The flaw spans a wide range of Windows client and server releases, from Windows 10 version 1607 through Windows 11 version 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. No public exploit code has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog at time of analysis, though the network-accessible attack surface and low privilege requirement lower the bar for abuse in environments with broad domain user access.
Security feature bypass in Microsoft XML (MSXML) across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 requires an attacker with physical access to the target device to exploit an untrusted search path condition. The vulnerability allows an unauthorized attacker to subvert the library or executable resolution order, enabling them to load attacker-controlled code that circumvents Windows security controls. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and SSVC assessment confirms zero observed exploitation, though the technical impact if successfully executed is rated total (full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability).
Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) client leaks sensitive memory contents due to use of an uninitialized resource (CWE-908), allowing a network-accessible attacker to disclose potentially high-value information from a victim's system. Exploitation requires user interaction - a victim must connect to an attacker-controlled RDP endpoint - making this a client-side information disclosure attack affecting Windows 10 (all supported versions from 1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. No public exploit code has been identified and no active exploitation is confirmed; however, the CVSS confidentiality impact is rated High, meaning exposed memory could include credentials or session tokens.
Information disclosure via uninitialized memory in the Windows SMB driver stack affects a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions. A locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker can trigger a code path that reads from uninitialized memory within the SMB subsystem, potentially leaking sensitive kernel or heap memory contents. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at the time of analysis; Microsoft has released a patch via MSRC.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Kernel (CWE-122) enables an unauthenticated attacker with physical access to escalate privileges to SYSTEM level across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server editions. The physical attack vector (AV:P) constrains the threat surface significantly, and SSVC rates exploitation as none with no public exploit identified at time of analysis. Despite total technical impact potential confirmed by both CVSS C:H/I:H/A:H metrics and SSVC technical impact rating, real-world risk is concentrated in physically accessible deployment scenarios such as kiosks, field laptops, or shared terminals.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows TCP/IP stack exposes kernel or process memory to locally authenticated low-privileged users across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases spanning from Server 2012 through Server 2025. The CWE-125 root cause allows an authorized local attacker with standard user credentials to read memory regions outside allocated buffer boundaries in the TCP/IP component, yielding high-confidentiality-impact information disclosure with no integrity or availability consequence. No public exploit code exists and no active exploitation has been identified (EPSS: 0.31%, 22nd percentile; SSVC exploitation status: none), placing this in a lower-priority remediation tier despite its exceptionally broad product footprint.
Missing authentication enforcement in the Microsoft Windows DNS component allows a low-privileged local attacker to tamper with DNS configuration or records without requiring elevated credentials. Affected platforms span Windows 10 (versions 1809 through 22H2), Windows 11 (versions 24H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2019 through 2025 - a broad deployment footprint across enterprise environments. No public exploit code has been identified and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as 'none' with partial technical impact, but the high integrity impact (CVSS I:H) warrants attention in multi-user environments and on DNS server infrastructure where record integrity is critical.
Remote code execution in Windows IKE Extension (Internet Key Exchange) via double free memory corruption allows unauthenticated network attackers to execute arbitrary code on Windows 10 (1607-22H2), Windows 11 (22H3-26H1), and Windows Server (2016-2025). CVSS 9.8 critical severity with network vector requiring no authentication or user interaction. Vendor patch released by Microsoft addresses CWE-415 double free weakness. EPSS score of 0.07% (21st percentile) suggests low observed exploitation probability despite critical severity rating, indicating this may be a targeted or difficult-to-exploit vulnerability in production environments. No CISA KEV listing or public POC identified at time of analysis.
Remote code execution in Windows TCP/IP networking stack across Windows 10, 11, and Server versions allows unauthenticated network attackers to execute arbitrary code by exploiting a race condition in shared resource synchronization. The vulnerability affects all supported Windows versions from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. Microsoft has released patches addressing this high-severity flaw (CVSS 8.1). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though SSVC assessment
Local privilege escalation in Windows Win32K graphics subsystem (Win32K-GRFX) allows authenticated attackers with low privileges to gain SYSTEM-level access by exploiting a race condition during concurrent resource access. Affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025. Microsoft has released patches addressing this CWE-362 synchronization flaw. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the local attack vector and high complexity (
Local privilege escalation in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025. The CWE-416 use-after-free memory corruption flaw allows low-privileged authenticated attackers with local access to elevate to SYSTEM privileges, achieving complete control over confidentiality, integrity, and availability. SSVC framework rates this as non-automatable with total technical impact. No public exploit
Local privilege escalation via use-after-free in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) allows authenticated low-privileged attackers to execute arbitrary code with SYSTEM privileges across all supported Windows versions. Microsoft has released patches for Windows 10 (versions 1607-22H2), Windows 11 (versions 22H3-25H2), and Windows Server (2012-2022 23H2). The vulnerability requires local access and low privileges (PR:L) with high attack complexity (AC:H), but no public exploit
Windows Shell security feature bypass enables unauthenticated remote attackers to defeat protection mechanisms across all supported Windows client and server versions (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, Server 2012 through Server 2025) via network-based attack requiring user interaction. The CVSS 8.8 rating reflects complete compromise potential (high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact) despite low attack complexity. Microsoft has released patches addressing this authentic
Desktop Window Manager (DWM) privilege escalation via use-after-free memory corruption affects Windows 10 21H2/22H2, Windows 11 22H3 through 25H2, and Windows Server 2022/2025. Local authenticated attackers with low privileges can exploit this memory corruption flaw to gain SYSTEM-level access, achieving full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Vendor-released patches are available across all affected platforms. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the
Use-after-free in Microsoft Windows Speech component enables local privilege escalation to SYSTEM on Windows 10 (versions 1809, 21H2, 22H2) and Windows 11 (versions 22H3 through 26H1). Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit memory corruption to gain full system control with low attack complexity and no user interaction required. CVSS 7.8 (High). Vendor-released patches available for all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the straigh
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Function Discovery Service (fdwsd.dll) allows low-privileged authenticated users to gain SYSTEM-level access via a race condition. Affects all supported Windows 10, 11, and Server versions from 2012 through 2025. Vendor-released patches available from Microsoft. CVSS 7.0 (high complexity local attack). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the race condition class (CWE-362) is well-understood and commonly weaponized once details emerge.
Privilege escalation in Windows Function Discovery Service (fdwsd.dll) allows authenticated local attackers to gain SYSTEM-level access by exploiting a race condition during shared resource handling. Affects all supported Windows 10/11 client versions and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. Vendor-released patches are available per Microsoft's May 2026 Patch Tuesday. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but CVSS 7.0 reflects high complexity local attack requiring low privileges.
Desktop Window Manager (DWM) use-after-free memory corruption allows authenticated local attackers to escalate privileges to SYSTEM on all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions (2012-2025). The vulnerability enables low-privileged users to gain complete control over affected systems with low attack complexity and no user interaction required. Vendor-released patches are available across all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the st
Local privilege escalation in Windows Container Isolation FS Filter Driver affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions through use-after-free memory corruption. Low-complexity attack requires only low-privileged local access to achieve full system compromise (SYSTEM-level privileges). Microsoft has released patches for all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the low attack complexity (AC:L) and requirement for only low privileges
Windows Shell protection mechanism failure (CVE-2026-32202) allows remote attackers to perform spoofing attacks over a network without authentication, requiring only user interaction. This low-severity vulnerability affects multiple Windows versions from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. While not actively exploited in the wild, vendor patches are available across all affected versions, and the low CVSS score (4.3) reflects limited confidentiality impact and no availability impact despite the network-accessible attack vector.
Remote code execution in Microsoft Remote Desktop Client for Windows allows unauthenticated network attackers to execute arbitrary code by delivering a malicious connection file or server response, requiring user interaction. This use-after-free vulnerability (CWE-416) affects Windows 10 (versions 1607-22H2), Windows 11 (22H3-26H1), Windows Server (2012-2025), and standalone Remote Desktop client versions below 2.0.1070.0. With CVSS 8.8 (network-accessible, no authentication required, low comple
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Desktop Window Manager (dwm.exe) affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions via a use-after-free memory corruption flaw. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this CWE-416 weakness to gain SYSTEM-level access with low attack complexity, requiring no user interaction. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and SSVC framework assesses exploitation status as 'none' with non-automatable attack r
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Function Discovery Service (fdwsd.dll) allows authenticated low-privilege attackers to gain SYSTEM-level access via race condition exploitation across all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions (2012-2025). The vulnerability requires local access and low privileges (CVSS PR:L) with high attack complexity (AC:H), yielding complete system compromise (C:H/I:H/A:H). Microsoft released patches addressing build versions up to 10.0.26100.32690 (Server 2025) and 10.0.28000.1836 (Windows 11 26H1). EPSS data not available; no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Windows Function Discovery Service (fdwsd.dll) enables low-privileged authenticated local attackers to escalate privileges to SYSTEM across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012-2025. Vendor-released patch available per Microsoft Security Response Center advisory. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the CVSS vector indicates local access with high attack complexity (AC:H), requiring authenticated low-privilege users (PR:L). A
Desktop Window Manager (DWM) in Windows 10 21H2/22H2, Windows 11 22H3/23H2, and Windows Server 2022 allows authenticated local attackers with low privileges to elevate to SYSTEM via a use-after-free memory corruption flaw. CVSS 7.8 (High). Vendor-released patch available. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though EPSS data not provided. This is a post-authentication escalation requiring initial local foothold, not a remote intrusion vector.
Windows Boot Loader across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 omits a required cryptographic integrity step (CWE-325), enabling a locally authenticated attacker to bypass boot-time security features. The CVSS vector (AV:L/PR:L) confirms exploitation requires an existing local foothold - remote unauthenticated attacks are not possible. No active exploitation is recorded (SSVC: none, EPSS 0.23%), but SSVC rates technical impact as total, reflecting that a successful boot-level security bypass can undermine the entire trusted boot chain and enable persistent pre-OS compromise.
Windows Kernel security feature bypass across Windows 10, 11, and Server 2012 through 2025 allows a local authenticated attacker to circumvent kernel-enforced access controls, resulting in high-confidence disclosure of sensitive information (C:H). Rooted in CWE-284 (Improper Access Control), the flaw enables a privilege-constrained local user to read protected data beyond their authorization boundary. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis; EPSS sits at 0.25% (16th percentile) and SSVC assigns exploitation status 'none,' consistently characterizing this as a standard patch-cycle priority rather than an emergency response item.
Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) across a broad range of Windows 10, 11, and Server editions discloses potentially sensitive memory contents over the network due to an uninitialized resource flaw (CWE-908), exploitable by remote unauthenticated attackers when a user interacts with an RDP session. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N) indicates network-wide reachability with no attacker privilege requirement, though mandatory user interaction (UI:R) prevents automated mass exploitation. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; EPSS at 0.51% (40th percentile) and SSVC exploitation status of 'none' confirm low current threat activity despite Windows RDP's ubiquitous enterprise attack surface.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows USB Audio Class driver (usbaudio.sys) exposes kernel memory contents to an attacker who physically connects a crafted USB audio device to an unpatched system. Affected systems span Windows 10 (1809 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2019/2022/2025, as confirmed by EUVD-2026-44284 and the MSRC advisory. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and EPSS at 0.42% (34th percentile) reflects low automated exploitation probability consistent with the mandatory physical access requirement.
Information disclosure via uninitialized resource use in Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) exposes sensitive memory contents to authenticated remote attackers across a wide range of Microsoft Windows desktop and server editions. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) confirms this is exploitable over the network by any low-privileged authenticated user with no complexity or interaction requirements, yielding high confidentiality impact. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the low barrier to exploitation and the ubiquitous deployment of Windows RDP make this a meaningful patching priority.
Information disclosure in Windows Print Spooler Components exposes memory contents to locally authenticated attackers via an out-of-bounds read (CWE-125). The flaw affects a sweeping range of Windows releases from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025, making the affected surface extremely broad. Microsoft has released patched builds and the SSVC assessment confirms no observed exploitation, with EPSS at 0.31% (22nd percentile) corroborating a low immediate threat posture; however, Print Spooler's historical exploitation history (PrintNightmare family) warrants prompt patching given attacker familiarity with the component.
Information disclosure in Windows File Explorer exposes sensitive memory contents to local attackers due to CWE-908 use of an uninitialized resource. Triggered when a local user interacts with File Explorer, the flaw allows memory contents - potentially including sensitive data from other processes or the OS - to be read without elevated privileges. No public exploit code has been identified and CISA has not listed this in KEV, but the breadth of affected platforms (Windows 10 through 11 and Windows Server 2012 through 2025) makes patching broadly applicable.
Uninitialized memory exposure in the Microsoft Windows Codecs Library enables a local attacker to disclose sensitive process memory contents on affected Windows systems. The flaw (CWE-908) requires user interaction - specifically opening or processing a specially crafted media file - but demands no elevated privileges. No public exploit code exists and no active exploitation is confirmed; EPSS sits at 0.51% (40th percentile), consistent with SSVC's 'Exploitation: none' assessment, making this a medium-severity, low-urgency issue relative to the breadth of affected platforms.
Information disclosure in Microsoft Windows Schannel (the Secure Channel TLS/SSL provider) lets an authenticated, network-adjacent attacker read memory beyond an allocated buffer and leak sensitive data across a network connection. The flaw spans nearly the entire supported Windows family - Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. Reported by Microsoft with a fix available; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Windows Win32K information disclosure on multiple Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases allows a locally authenticated low-privilege user to read sensitive kernel-level data that should be inaccessible to user-space processes. Rooted in CWE-200 (improper exposure of sensitive information), the flaw exposes confidentiality-impacting data via the Win32K graphical subsystem without requiring elevated rights or user interaction from another party. No public exploit code has been identified, CISA SSVC rates exploitation status as 'none,' and the EPSS score of 0.47% (38th percentile) confirms low near-term exploitation probability.
Null pointer dereference in the Windows SMB Server component allows an authenticated network attacker to crash the service across multiple Windows 10, 11, and Server editions. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H) confirms network exploitability with low-privilege credentials and complete availability impact, though confidentiality and integrity are unaffected. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; SSVC exploitation status is 'none' and EPSS sits at 0.79%, indicating low active exploitation pressure despite the broad product footprint.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) stack enables unauthenticated network attackers to disclose high-confidentiality memory contents from affected Windows systems, contingent on user interaction during an RDP session. The flaw (CWE-125) spans Windows 10 builds 1607 through 22H2, Windows 11 24H2 through 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. No active exploitation is confirmed by CISA KEV, SSVC rates it non-automatable with partial technical impact, and EPSS sits at 0.67% (48th percentile), indicating moderate-to-low near-term exploitation probability despite the high confidentiality impact in the CVSS score.
Uninitialized memory disclosure in the Windows SMB stack allows a locally authenticated attacker to read sensitive contents from uninitialized buffers, affecting Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. The flaw (CWE-908) resides in the SMB subsystem where a resource is consumed before being properly zeroed, leaking residual memory contents to a low-privileged local user. No public exploit code exists and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog; SSVC assessment places exploitation at none with partial technical impact, making this a standard patch-cycle priority rather than an emergency response item.
Windows Cryptographic Services on multiple Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server editions contains a CWE-200 information disclosure flaw that allows a locally authenticated attacker with standard user privileges to read sensitive cryptographic material they should not be authorized to access. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) confirms exploitation is entirely local and requires a pre-existing low-privilege session, positioning this as an insider threat or post-compromise scenario rather than an initial access vector. No public exploit code has been identified, CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none, and EPSS sits at only 0.47%, collectively indicating low real-world exploitation activity at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation via heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows NTFS filesystem driver affects a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions, requiring only physical access to the target device - no OS credentials needed. An attacker with hands-on access to the hardware can trigger a heap overflow in NTFS processing to gain elevated privileges, potentially achieving full system compromise (High C/I/A). No public exploit code has been identified and this CVE is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, but the combination of zero authentication requirements and critical-level impact makes it a realistic threat for physically accessible endpoints. A vendor-supplied patch is available via the Microsoft Security Response Center.
BitLocker encryption bypass on Windows enables an unauthenticated attacker with physical access to circumvent drive-level encryption protections and read confidential data from protected volumes. Affected platforms span Windows 10 (versions 1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2016 through 2025, with a publicly available proof-of-concept exploit on GitHub lowering the bar for physical-access adversaries. No active exploitation is confirmed (not in CISA KEV; SSVC exploitation status: none), and EPSS sits at 0.38% (30th percentile), consistent with a targeted rather than opportunistic threat; Microsoft has released patches across all affected build lines.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Resilient File System (ReFS) driver enables an unauthorized attacker with physical access to the target machine to execute arbitrary code, achieving full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability spans a wide range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases from 2016 through 2025. No public exploit or active exploitation has been identified (SSVC: Exploitation none), and Microsoft has released patches; however, the physical attack vector (AV:P) is the dominant risk-shaping factor.
Denial of service in Windows Hyper-V allows an authorized, adjacent-network attacker to crash or disrupt the hypervisor by triggering a buffer over-read (CWE-126). Affected platforms span Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025, covering a broad slice of Microsoft's enterprise footprint. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV, but a vendor-issued patch is available via Microsoft MSRC.
Local tampering in Windows DNS via improper access control (CWE-284) allows a low-privilege authenticated local user to manipulate DNS configuration or records across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:L) confirms exploitation requires only a valid local account with no elevated privileges, yielding high integrity impact with minimal availability disruption and no direct confidentiality exposure. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the 'Authentication Bypass' advisory tag suggests DNS tampering may enable downstream bypass of authentication mechanisms dependent on DNS resolution, potentially amplifying the effective impact beyond the raw CVSS score.
Buffer over-read in the Windows Kernel exposes kernel memory contents to locally authenticated, low-privilege attackers across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. The flaw (CWE-126) allows out-of-bounds memory reads within the kernel address space, resulting in high-confidence confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability consequence. No public exploit code has been identified and CISA SSVC assessment confirms no active exploitation at time of analysis, though the wide deployment footprint of affected Windows versions makes prompt patching a sensible priority.
Windows Media in Microsoft Windows exposes sensitive information to locally authenticated standard users, allowing disclosure of data the attacker is not authorized to access. Affected platforms span Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 through Server 2025, representing a very broad installed base. No public exploit code has been identified and EPSS at 0.36% (28th percentile) reflects low opportunistic interest, though the local-access requirement is a weaker barrier in shared-access environments such as Remote Desktop Services or VDI deployments.
Out-of-bounds read in usbaudio.sys (Windows USB Audio Class driver) exposes kernel memory contents to attackers with physical device access across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. An attacker who can physically connect a crafted USB audio device causes the driver to read beyond an allocated buffer, potentially leaking sensitive kernel memory to the attacker. No public exploit exists and no active exploitation has been identified; SSVC rates this as non-automatable with partial technical impact, placing it firmly in the lower-urgency tier despite its wide platform coverage.
Information disclosure in the Windows Quality of Service (QoS) Packet Scheduler component exposes sensitive data to locally authenticated low-privileged users across a wide range of Windows client and server releases. The flaw (CWE-200) allows a local attacker with standard user access to read memory or network-related data that should be restricted to higher-privilege contexts. No public exploit exists and SSVC classifies exploitation as none with partial technical impact, but the breadth of affected Windows versions - from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025 - makes patching a broad operational priority.
Use-after-free in the Windows Virtual Filtering Platform (VFP) enables authenticated network attackers to crash affected Windows endpoints and servers, resulting in a denial-of-service condition. The vulnerability spans a broad range of supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases through 2025, making patch prioritization important despite the medium CVSS score. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, and SSVC classifies this as not automatable with partial technical impact.
Windows File Explorer on a wide range of Microsoft Windows client and server versions exposes sensitive information to locally authenticated standard users, achieving high confidentiality impact without requiring elevated privileges. The flaw (CWE-200) is confined to the local attack surface - CVSS AV:L/PR:L - meaning the attacker must already hold an interactive session on the target system. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis; a vendor patch is available through Microsoft Security Response Center.
Windows File Explorer exposes sensitive information to low-privileged local authenticated users across a wide range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions. Classified under CWE-200, the flaw enables an attacker already present on a system with standard user rights to access data they should not be permitted to view - no elevation of privilege or remote access is required. No public exploit code has been identified and CISA SSVC confirms no active exploitation, keeping real-world urgency moderate despite the broad affected product surface.
Windows File Explorer across all major Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases exposes sensitive information to local authenticated users via a CWE-200 information disclosure flaw. An authorized attacker with low-privilege local access can read data they should not be permitted to access without any user interaction. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis and CISA SSVC confirms no observed exploitation, placing this squarely in routine patch-cycle priority despite the broad footprint of affected systems.
Windows File Explorer exposes sensitive information to locally authenticated, low-privileged users across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. Classified under CWE-200, the flaw allows an authorized local attacker to read data they should not have access to through the File Explorer shell component. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, EPSS sits at 0.36% (28th percentile), and CISA SSVC assesses exploitation as none and not automatable - indicating low urgency despite the high confidentiality impact recorded in the CVSS score.
Information disclosure in the Windows Overlay Filter (WofFilter) kernel-mode driver allows a locally authenticated low-privileged user to read sensitive data they are not authorized to access across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2016 through 2025. The flaw stems from CWE-200 (improper restriction of information to unauthorized actors) within the filter driver's handling of layered filesystem operations. No public exploit code has been identified and no active exploitation is confirmed; however, the high confidentiality impact (C:H) makes this a meaningful stepping stone in multi-stage attacks on shared or multi-tenant Windows systems.
Local information disclosure in Windows Universal Plug and Play (upnp.dll) exposes sensitive memory contents to authorized low-privilege users across a wide range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. The flaw stems from use of an uninitialized resource (CWE-908), meaning the UPnP service reads from memory that has not been properly initialized before use, potentially leaking stale heap or stack contents. No active exploitation has been confirmed and no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis; a vendor patch is available via the Microsoft Security Response Center.
Windows Print Spooler Components on multiple Windows 10, 11, and Server editions contain a buffer over-read flaw (CWE-126) that allows a locally authenticated attacker with low privileges to disclose sensitive memory contents. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) confirms exploitation requires local access and a standard user account, limiting the attack surface to insiders or already-compromised endpoints. No public exploit or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, and EPSS at 0.30% (22nd percentile) alongside SSVC exploitation status of 'none' together indicate low near-term exploitation probability.
Privilege escalation via physical attack in the Windows Cloud Files Mini Filter Driver (cldflt.sys) affects all major Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases through 2025. The use-after-free memory corruption flaw (CWE-416) in the kernel-mode driver allows an attacker with physical access to the device to escalate privileges to SYSTEM level, achieving full confidentiality, integrity, and availability compromise. No public exploit code has been identified and CISA has not listed this in KEV, but the SSVC assessment notes total technical impact - the physical access requirement is the primary limiting factor, not the vulnerability's severity once that barrier is cleared.
Out-of-bounds memory read in the Windows Desktop Window Manager (DWM) Core Library enables a locally authenticated, low-privileged user to disclose sensitive memory contents across a wide range of Windows client and server versions. The flaw is reachable by any standard user account without administrative rights, making it relevant in multi-user, shared workstation, and terminal services environments. No active exploitation is confirmed - CISA SSVC rates exploitation as 'none', EPSS sits at 0.31% (22nd percentile), and no KEV listing exists - but the broad affected surface spanning Windows 10 through Windows 11 and Server 2025 warrants timely patching.
Windows Cryptographic Services across all supported Microsoft Windows client and server editions exposes sensitive cryptographic material to locally authenticated low-privilege users through a CWE-200 information disclosure flaw. Spanning Windows 10 version 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025, the vulnerability allows an attacker with a standard local account to read confidential data - likely cryptographic keys, certificates, or intermediate cryptographic state - without any user interaction. SSVC rates exploitation as none, EPSS at 0.47% (38th percentile) indicates low near-term exploitation probability, and no active exploitation has been confirmed by CISA KEV, positioning this as a routine patch-cycle priority rather than an emergency response.
Local information disclosure in Windows Notification affects authenticated users across a wide range of Microsoft Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. An attacker with low-privilege local access can exploit this CWE-200 flaw to read sensitive data that should be inaccessible to their account, with no user interaction required. No public exploit or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patched builds addressing all affected versions.
Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) exposes sensitive memory contents to network-adjacent attackers due to use of an uninitialized resource (CWE-908), resulting in high-confidentiality information disclosure. The flaw affects a broad swath of supported Windows client and server releases - from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025 - and requires victim user interaction (UI:R per CVSS) to trigger, limiting automated mass exploitation. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing exists at time of analysis, and SSVC rates exploitation as 'none' with non-automatable technical impact, suggesting this is a real but not imminently weaponized risk.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows Cloud Files Mini Filter Driver (cldflt.sys) exposes kernel memory contents to local attackers with standard user privileges. Affected across Windows 10 (1809 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2019 through 2025, the vulnerability allows an authorized local account to read beyond allocated buffer boundaries in the driver that underpins cloud sync features such as OneDrive Files On-Demand. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS is 0.31% (22nd percentile) and SSVC rates exploitation as none, making this a moderate patch priority rather than an emergency response.
Null pointer dereference in Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) on Windows allows an authenticated, network-adjacent attacker to crash the service and deny domain authentication to all dependent users and systems. Affecting Windows 10 versions 1607 through 22H2, Windows 11 versions 24H2 through 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025, this vulnerability carries a CVSS 6.5 with high availability impact. No public exploit identified at time of analysis and CISA SSVC assesses exploitation as none with non-automatable attack path, keeping real-world urgency at moderate despite the breadth of affected platforms.
Integer overflow in the Windows Devices Human Interface (HID) subsystem enables a local, low-privileged attacker to disclose sensitive information on affected systems. The vulnerability spans Windows 10 (versions 1809 through 22H2), Windows 11 (versions 24H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2019 through 2025, representing a broad attack surface across Microsoft's supported OS portfolio. No public exploit code exists and CISA SSVC rates current exploitation as none, with an EPSS score of 0.30% (22nd percentile) confirming very low near-term exploitation probability.
Windows Push Notifications on multiple Windows 10, 11, and Server editions exposes sensitive information to low-privileged local attackers, who can read notification content or related data scoped to other users or higher-privilege contexts without any user interaction. Affected platforms span Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2016 through 2025, with vendor-confirmed fixed build versions available via Microsoft Update. No public exploit exists and no active exploitation is confirmed - SSVC rates exploitation as none and EPSS sits at 0.36% (28th percentile) - making this a secondary patching priority unless operating shared multi-user Windows environments.
Sensitive information disclosure in Windows Push Notifications (WPN) permits a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to read confidential data they are not authorized to access. Affected systems span Windows 10 (1809 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2 through 26H1), Windows Server 2019, 2022, and 2025, covering a broad enterprise and consumer footprint. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS sits at 0.36% (28th percentile), and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none with non-automatable attack paths.
Sensitive information disclosure in Windows Push Notifications allows a locally authenticated standard user to access notification data they are not authorized to view across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2022/2025 platforms. The flaw (CWE-200) requires only low-privilege local access - no elevated rights or user interaction - making it exploitable by any interactive user on a vulnerable host. No public exploit code exists at time of analysis, and both EPSS (0.36%, 28th percentile) and SSVC (exploitation: none, automatable: no) signals indicate low near-term weaponization risk despite the high confidentiality impact rating.
Buffer over-read in the Windows NTFS kernel driver exposes adjacent memory contents to a local attacker holding a standard user account across a broad range of Windows 10, 11, and Server releases. Exploitation is constrained to AV:L/PR:L, meaning an attacker must already have interactive or programmatic local access before triggering the CWE-126 condition - making this a post-compromise reconnaissance primitive rather than an initial-access vector. EPSS stands at 0.31% (22nd percentile) and SSVC confirms no known exploitation activity, placing this at low operational urgency despite the High confidentiality impact rating.
Windows Kernel information disclosure across a broad range of Microsoft Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server editions allows a locally authenticated low-privileged attacker to read sensitive kernel memory contents they are not authorized to access. The flaw is classified under CWE-200 (Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor) and is confined to local exploitation with no integrity or availability impact. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches addressing the issue across all affected version branches per EUVD-2026-43865.
Windows Cryptographic Services improperly validates certificates across multiple Windows 10, 11, and Server editions, enabling remote unauthenticated attackers to bypass security features enforced by the PKI/certificate trust chain over a network path. Affected platforms span Windows 10 21H2 and 22H2, Windows 11 24H2 through 26H1, and Windows Server 2022 and 2025 in both full and Server Core deployments. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS at 0.24% (15th percentile) and SSVC exploitation status of 'none' together indicate low near-term exploitation probability despite the broad product footprint.
Windows Key Guard on multiple Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server editions exposes a cryptographic security bypass to locally authenticated low-privilege users due to CWE-1240 (Use of a Cryptographic Primitive with a Risky Implementation), allowing protected key material to be accessed in violation of the Key Guard security boundary. Affected builds span Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2019 through 2025, representing a broad swath of Microsoft's current supported OS surface. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS sits at 0.21% (11th percentile) and SSVC classifies exploitation status as none with no automation potential, indicating low near-term exploitation probability despite the ubiquitous footprint.
Integer underflow in the Windows Kernel enables a locally authenticated attacker to disclose sensitive kernel memory contents across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server platforms. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) confirms that any low-privilege local user can trigger the flaw without special configuration or user interaction, yielding high confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability consequences. Microsoft has released a patch via the July 2026 Security Update Guide; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
Type confusion in the Windows Composite Image File System (CimFS) kernel driver enables local, low-privileged authenticated users to disclose protected memory contents on widely-deployed Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server platforms. The flaw (CWE-843) causes the driver to access a kernel resource via an incompatible type, resulting in unintended memory reads with high confidentiality impact. No public exploit or active exploitation has been confirmed - SSVC lists exploitation as 'none,' EPSS stands at 0.29% (21st percentile), and the vulnerability is absent from the CISA KEV catalog - placing real-world risk in the lower-medium tier despite the C:H CVSS sub-score.
Sensitive information disclosure in the Windows Trusted Runtime Interface Driver permits a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to read protected data from the affected system. The flaw impacts Windows 10 (21H2, 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2, 25H2, 26H1), and Windows Server 2025 across both full and Server Core installations. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA has not listed this in the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog; Microsoft has released patches resolving the issue.
Sensitive information disclosure in the Windows Kernel affects Windows 10 (versions 21H2 and 22H2), Windows 11 (versions 24H2, 25H2, and 26H1), and Windows Server 2022 and 2025, where the kernel writes sensitive data into log files that a low-privileged local user can access. An authorized attacker with a standard local account can read these log files to obtain sensitive kernel-level information, yielding high confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability consequence. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and the EPSS score of 0.36% at the 28th percentile corroborates low near-term exploitation likelihood; Microsoft has released patches addressing all affected versions.
Privilege escalation to SYSTEM level is achievable in Windows Spaceport.sys - the kernel-mode Storage Spaces port driver - across a wide range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases, when an attacker has physical access to the target machine. An integer overflow or wraparound in the driver's arithmetic logic (CWE-190) can corrupt kernel memory structures, enabling full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and SSVC confirms exploitation status as none, but the Technical Impact rating is total, meaning successful exploitation fully compromises the affected system.
Local information disclosure in Windows DirectX exposes sensitive data to unauthorized local actors across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions. The vulnerability (CWE-200) achieves high confidentiality impact per the CVSS vector while producing no integrity or availability impact, meaning an attacker gains read access to protected data without disrupting system operation. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; EPSS at 0.38% (30th percentile) and SSVC exploitation status of 'none' collectively indicate low near-term exploitation probability despite the wide affected surface.
Uninitialized memory disclosure in the Windows SMB implementation enables a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to read sensitive contents from uninitialized kernel or heap buffers, achieving high confidentiality impact within the affected system. The vulnerability spans Windows 10 (from version 1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (versions 24H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 across both full and Server Core installation types. No public exploit code has been identified and CISA SSVC assesses exploitation status as none, placing this firmly in the patch-and-monitor category rather than emergency response.
Windows Kernel information disclosure across a broad range of Microsoft Windows desktop and server editions allows a local, unprivileged attacker to read sensitive kernel memory or system state not intended for user-space access. The CVSS:3.1 vector AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N confirms local code execution with no special privileges is sufficient to trigger the flaw. EPSS sits at 0.38% (30th percentile) with no CISA KEV listing and SSVC exploitation status of 'none,' indicating no confirmed or publicly observed active exploitation at time of analysis; however, kernel information leaks of this class are routinely used to stage ASLR-bypass steps in multi-stage privilege escalation chains.
Privilege escalation to SYSTEM level is achievable in the Windows USB Video Class (UVC) driver across a broad swath of Windows 10, 11, and Server editions via physical connection of a malicious USB device. The heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) is triggered when the driver processes attacker-controlled UVC descriptors from a crafted device, corrupting kernel heap memory. No active exploitation is confirmed (absent from CISA KEV, SSVC exploitation=none), and EPSS sits at 0.37% (29th percentile), consistent with the physical access barrier that makes mass exploitation impractical.
LSASS denial-of-service in Microsoft Windows enables authenticated network attackers to exhaust resources in the Local Security Authority Subsystem Service, crashing it and forcing a system reboot across a wide range of Windows 10, 11, and Server releases spanning Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025. Microsoft has released patched builds via its standard update cycle; no public exploit code exists and CISA has not listed this in KEV. Despite the broad product footprint, EPSS of 0.79% and SSVC exploitation status of 'none' indicate low current threat activity, though domain controllers represent elevated-risk targets due to LSASS's role as the authentication hub.
Integer overflow in Windows Storage Spaces Direct enables an unauthenticated attacker with physical access to execute arbitrary code on affected Windows client and server platforms. The CVSS vector (AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N, C:H/I:H/A:H) confirms that no credentials are required but direct physical presence at the target hardware is mandatory, substantially narrowing the realistic attacker pool. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; SSVC rates exploitation as 'none' and EPSS stands at 0.33% (26th percentile), consistent with a physical-vector vulnerability not currently observed in opportunistic campaigns.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows USB Audio Class driver (usbaudio.sys) enables physical attackers to disclose kernel memory contents across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. Exploitation requires plugging a crafted USB audio device into the target machine, making remote attack impossible by design. No public exploit exists and SSVC exploitation status is confirmed as none, though the High confidentiality impact rating reflects that kernel memory disclosure can expose sensitive in-memory data if triggered.
Link-following vulnerability in Windows upnp.dll (Universal Plug and Play) enables a locally authenticated attacker with standard user privileges to read files outside intended access boundaries by planting symbolic links or junction points that the service resolves without proper validation. Affected scope spans Windows 10 (versions 1607-22H2), Windows 11 (versions 24H2-26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; EPSS of 0.27% (19th percentile) and CISA SSVC exploitation status of 'none' collectively indicate low near-term exploitation probability.
Windows Event Logging Service across a wide range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions fails to enforce its intended protection mechanisms, permitting any authenticated low-privileged network user to read information that should be access-controlled. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N) confirms exploitation requires only a valid low-privilege account and network connectivity, with no user interaction and no elevated rights - making it a practical post-compromise lateral-movement or reconnaissance tool. No public exploit code has been identified and this CVE is not listed in CISA KEV at time of analysis, but the ubiquitous deployment footprint across the Windows ecosystem elevates organizational exposure.
Windows File Explorer on affected Microsoft Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server platforms exposes sensitive information to locally authenticated low-privilege users without authorization. The CWE-200 root cause indicates inadequate access restrictions within the File Explorer shell component, enabling a user to read data beyond their authorization boundary. No public exploit exists and SSVC confirms no observed exploitation activity, but the broad Windows deployment footprint and high confidentiality impact (C:H) make this relevant for shared-access environments, terminal servers, and organizations with insider-threat concerns.
Windows File Explorer across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases contains a use-of-uninitialized-resource flaw (CWE-908) that allows a low-privileged local attacker to read stale memory contents and disclose potentially sensitive information. The vulnerability is locally constrained (AV:L, PR:L) with no integrity or availability impact, and SSVC signals no known exploitation and no automatable attack path. EPSS at 0.31% (22nd percentile) and the absence of a CISA KEV entry collectively indicate low near-term exploitation likelihood despite the wide deployment footprint of the affected OS.
Windows Audio Service on multiple Windows desktop and server versions improperly exposes sensitive information to locally authenticated standard users, enabling information disclosure without requiring elevated privileges. Affecting Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2019 (with Server 2022 and 2025 referenced in tags), the flaw is exploitable post-foothold by any low-privileged local account, making it a realistic post-exploitation pivot rather than an initial access vector. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and a vendor-released patch is confirmed available via the Microsoft Security Response Center.
Windows File Explorer on virtually all supported Microsoft Windows desktop and server editions leaks sensitive information to locally authenticated low-privileged users, classified under CWE-200. The flaw allows a local attacker holding only a standard account to access data that should be restricted to higher-privileged processes - with no user interaction required (UI:N) and low attack complexity (AC:L). Despite the high confidentiality impact in the CVSS vector, EPSS sits at just 0.36% (28th percentile) and SSVC confirms exploitation as 'none' and the attack as not automatable, placing this firmly in the category of a patch-cycle priority rather than an emergency response. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows Kernel (CWE-125) enables a locally authenticated attacker with standard user privileges to bypass a kernel security feature and read kernel memory contents. Confirmed by Microsoft (MSRC) across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 editions, with patches available for all affected builds. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing exist at time of analysis; EPSS at 0.29% (20th percentile) and SSVC exploitation status of 'none' together signal low current exploitation activity, though the kernel memory disclosure primitive is a classic KASLR-defeat building block in chained exploits.
Null pointer dereference in Windows Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) enables a low-privileged authenticated attacker to crash the service remotely, causing denial of service across the affected domain. The flaw spans a wide range of Windows client and server releases, from Windows 10 version 1607 through Windows 11 version 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. No public exploit code has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog at time of analysis, though the network-accessible attack surface and low privilege requirement lower the bar for abuse in environments with broad domain user access.
Security feature bypass in Microsoft XML (MSXML) across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 requires an attacker with physical access to the target device to exploit an untrusted search path condition. The vulnerability allows an unauthorized attacker to subvert the library or executable resolution order, enabling them to load attacker-controlled code that circumvents Windows security controls. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and SSVC assessment confirms zero observed exploitation, though the technical impact if successfully executed is rated total (full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability).
Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) client leaks sensitive memory contents due to use of an uninitialized resource (CWE-908), allowing a network-accessible attacker to disclose potentially high-value information from a victim's system. Exploitation requires user interaction - a victim must connect to an attacker-controlled RDP endpoint - making this a client-side information disclosure attack affecting Windows 10 (all supported versions from 1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. No public exploit code has been identified and no active exploitation is confirmed; however, the CVSS confidentiality impact is rated High, meaning exposed memory could include credentials or session tokens.
Information disclosure via uninitialized memory in the Windows SMB driver stack affects a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions. A locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker can trigger a code path that reads from uninitialized memory within the SMB subsystem, potentially leaking sensitive kernel or heap memory contents. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at the time of analysis; Microsoft has released a patch via MSRC.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Kernel (CWE-122) enables an unauthenticated attacker with physical access to escalate privileges to SYSTEM level across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server editions. The physical attack vector (AV:P) constrains the threat surface significantly, and SSVC rates exploitation as none with no public exploit identified at time of analysis. Despite total technical impact potential confirmed by both CVSS C:H/I:H/A:H metrics and SSVC technical impact rating, real-world risk is concentrated in physically accessible deployment scenarios such as kiosks, field laptops, or shared terminals.
Out-of-bounds read in the Windows TCP/IP stack exposes kernel or process memory to locally authenticated low-privileged users across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases spanning from Server 2012 through Server 2025. The CWE-125 root cause allows an authorized local attacker with standard user credentials to read memory regions outside allocated buffer boundaries in the TCP/IP component, yielding high-confidentiality-impact information disclosure with no integrity or availability consequence. No public exploit code exists and no active exploitation has been identified (EPSS: 0.31%, 22nd percentile; SSVC exploitation status: none), placing this in a lower-priority remediation tier despite its exceptionally broad product footprint.
Missing authentication enforcement in the Microsoft Windows DNS component allows a low-privileged local attacker to tamper with DNS configuration or records without requiring elevated credentials. Affected platforms span Windows 10 (versions 1809 through 22H2), Windows 11 (versions 24H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2019 through 2025 - a broad deployment footprint across enterprise environments. No public exploit code has been identified and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as 'none' with partial technical impact, but the high integrity impact (CVSS I:H) warrants attention in multi-user environments and on DNS server infrastructure where record integrity is critical.