Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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ReconGain low-privilege local access
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DeliveryDeploy race condition exploit tool
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ExploitRapidly manipulate fdwsd.dll shared resources
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InstallWin TOCTOU race window
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C2Escalate to SYSTEM privileges
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ExecuteDisable security controls
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ImpactPersist and move laterally
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2025 - Insecure Design
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Concurrency control, locking
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Privilege Escalation The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Local attacker with low-privilege user account access to Windows system running Function Discovery Service (fdwsd.dll). Attacker must execute code locally to trigger race condition during privileged file operations. No victim interaction required. High attack complexity due to race condition timing requirements. |
| Impact | Real-world risk is moderate despite the 7.0 CVSS score. The high attack complexity (AC:H) significantly raises the exploitation bar - race conditions require precise timing, deep technical knowledge of Windows internals, and often multiple attempts. The local attack vector (AV:L) and low privilege requirement (PR:L) mean attackers need existing foothold on target systems, limiting attack surface to insider threats, physical access scenarios, or post-initial-compromise escalation. No public exploit identified at time of analysis reduces immediate weaponization risk. However, the complete compromise potential (C:H/I:H/A:H) affecting all Windows versions from 2012 forward creates substantial exposure in enterprise environments where patching lags. SSVC framework assessment: exploitation status is none (no public POC), automatable is no (race conditions resist automation due to timing variability), technical impact is total (SYSTEM access). Priority should focus on internet-facing systems with Remote Desktop exposure and high-value targets like domain controllers, while standard workstations can follow normal patch cycles. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker with standard user credentials on a corporate workstation runs a custom exploit tool that rapidly creates and destroys Function Discovery Service resource handles while simultaneously modifying associated security descriptors. By winning the race condition during the validation-to-use window, the attacker tricks fdwsd.dll into granting their low-privileged process SYSTEM-level token permissions. With SYSTEM access, the attacker disables endpoint detection, extracts credential hashes from LSASS memory, and establishes persistent backdoor access for lateral movement across the domain. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Apr 14, 2026
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Function Discovery Service (fdwsd.dll) allows authenticated low-privilege attackers to gain SYSTEM-level access via race condition exploitation across all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions (2012-2025). The vulnerability requires local access and low privileges (CVSS PR:L) with high attack complexity (AC:H), yielding complete system compromise (C:H/I:H/A:H). Microsoft released patches addressing build versions up to 10.0.26100.32690 (Server 2025) and 10.0.28000.1836 (Windows 11 26H1). EPSS data not available; no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
RemediationAI
Apply Microsoft security updates immediately from the March 2026 Patch Tuesday release. Vendor-released patches: Windows 10 Version 1607 to build 10.0.14393.9060, Windows 10 Version 1809 to 10.0.17763.8644, Windows 10 21H2 to 10.0.19044.7184, Windows 10 22H2 to 10.0.19045.7184, Windows 11 22H3/23H2 to 10.0.22631.6936, Windows 11 24H2 to 10.0.26100.32690, Windows 11 25H2 to 10.0.26200.8246, Windows 11 26H1 to 10.0.28000.1836, Windows Server 2012 to 6.2.9200.26026, Windows Server 2012 R2 to 6.3.9600.23132, Windows Server 2016 to 10.0.14393.9060, Windows Server 2019 to 10.0.17763.8644, Windows Server 2022 to 10.0.20348.5020, Windows Server 2022 23H2 to 10.0.25398.2274, and Windows Server 2025 to 10.0.26100.32690. Download patches via Windows Update, WSUS, or Microsoft Update Catalog at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-32093. No effective workarounds exist; patching is the only mitigation. Prioritize domain controllers, Remote Desktop servers, and systems with multiple user accounts.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 36 packages in microsoft, euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
The Function Discovery Service (fdwsd.dll) is a Windows component enabling automatic discovery and enumeration of network devices and resources. This vulnerability stems from CWE-362 (concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization), commonly known as a Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) race condition. The flaw allows multiple threads to access shared resources without proper locking mechanisms, creating a timing window where an attacker can manipulate security-critical data between validation and use. Since fdwsd.dll operates with elevated SYSTEM privileges to manage network discovery operations, winning the race condition enables privilege boundary crossing from low-privileged user context to SYSTEM. The local attack vector (AV:L) and high complexity (AC:H) indicate successful exploitation requires precise timing and potentially multiple attempts to win the race window.
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Severity by source
AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft).
CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in Function Discovery Service (fdwsd.dll) allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
Executive ViewAI
CVE-2026-32093 is a local privilege escalation in Windows Function Discovery Service affecting Windows 10, Windows 11, and Server 2012-2025, allowing authenticated low-privilege users to gain SYSTEM access and achieve complete system compromise. Organizations must prioritize patching across all Windows infrastructure, as successful exploitation grants attackers unrestricted control over affected systems and downstream network resources.
Apply vendor patch. Interim mitigations pending patch deployment: restrict local interactive logon privileges via Group Policy (Deny log on locally); monitor Windows Function Discovery Service (fdwsd.dll) process execution for anomalous behavior; disable Function Discovery service if not operationally required in your environment.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.
Race conditions occur when multiple concurrent requests exploit the brief time gap between checking a condition and acting upon it (TOCTOU - Time of Check, Time of Use).
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NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
GitHub PoC
Exploit-DB