Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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ReconObtain low-privilege local access
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DeliveryDeploy race condition exploit targeting fdwsd.dll
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ExploitWin TOCTOU race via repeated attempts
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InstallInject code into SYSTEM service context
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C2Execute arbitrary commands as NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM
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ExecutePersist via registry/scheduled tasks
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ImpactExfiltrate credentials or lateral movement
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2025 - Insecure Design
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Concurrency control, locking
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Privilege Escalation The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Local attacker with low-privilege user account on Windows system running vulnerable Function Discovery Service (fdwsd.dll). No user interaction required. Successful exploitation requires precise timing to trigger race condition in shared resource access. Remote exploitation not possible. |
| Impact | Real-world risk is moderate despite the 7.0 CVSS score. The attack vector is local-only (AV:L) requiring authenticated access (PR:L), limiting exposure to scenarios where attackers already have user-level access via phishing, malware, or insider threats. High attack complexity (AC:H) means exploitation is not trivial and may require multiple attempts or specific timing conditions. No public exploit code exists and the vulnerability is not in CISA KEV, indicating no confirmed active exploitation. EPSS data not provided, but race conditions typically have lower exploitation probability until proof-of-concept code circulates. From an SSVC perspective: exploitation status is none, automatable is no (requires local access and timing precision), technical impact is total (full privilege escalation to SYSTEM). This is a legitimate concern for multi-user systems, terminal servers, and environments with untrusted local users, but lower priority than remotely exploitable vulnerabilities. Patch deployment should follow standard cycles unless specific threat intelligence indicates targeting. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker with standard user credentials on a Windows corporate workstation executes a malicious program that repeatedly calls Function Discovery Service APIs while simultaneously manipulating shared resources. By winning the race condition through precise timing or brute-force attempts, the attacker injects code into the elevated service context, achieving SYSTEM privileges and gaining full control over the machine to install backdoors, disable security software, or access sensitive corporate data. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Apr 14, 2026
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Function Discovery Service (fdwsd.dll) allows low-privileged authenticated users to gain SYSTEM-level access via a race condition. Affects all supported Windows 10, 11, and Server versions from 2012 through 2025. Vendor-released patches available from Microsoft. CVSS 7.0 (high complexity local attack). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the race condition class (CWE-362) is well-understood and commonly weaponized once details emerge.
RemediationAI
Apply Microsoft security updates immediately via Windows Update or WSUS. Patched versions are Windows 10 1607/Server 2016 build 10.0.14393.9060 or later, Windows 10 1809/Server 2019 build 10.0.17763.8644 or later, Windows 10 21H2 build 10.0.19044.7184 or later, Windows 10 22H2 build 10.0.19045.7184 or later, Windows 11 22H3/23H2 build 10.0.22631.6936 or later, Windows 11 24H2/Server 2025 build 10.0.26100.32690 or later, Windows 11 25H2 build 10.0.26200.8246 or later, Windows 11 26H1 build 10.0.28000.1836 or later, Server 2012 build 6.2.9200.26026 or later, Server 2012 R2 build 6.3.9600.23132 or later, and Server 2022 23H2 build 10.0.25398.2274 or later. No workarounds are documented; patching the vulnerable fdwsd.dll component is the only remediation. Consult the official advisory at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-32150 for deployment guidance and KB article numbers.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 36 packages in microsoft, euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
The Function Discovery Service (fdwsd.dll) is a core Windows component responsible for network resource discovery and device enumeration. This vulnerability stems from CWE-362 (Race Condition), where concurrent operations on shared resources lack proper synchronization primitives. The service operates with elevated privileges, and the race window allows a low-privileged local user to manipulate shared resources between time-of-check and time-of-use (TOCTOU), achieving arbitrary code execution in the service's security context. The high attack complexity (AC:H) indicates precise timing or multiple exploitation attempts are required to win the race. Affected products span Windows 10 versions 1607 through 22H2 (builds 10.0.14393-19045), Windows 11 versions 22H3 through 26H1 (builds 10.0.22631-28000), and all Windows Server editions from 2012 (6.2.9200) through 2025 (10.0.26100), including Server Core installations.
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- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source
AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft).
CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in Function Discovery Service (fdwsd.dll) allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
Executive ViewAI
Microsoft Windows Function Discovery Service contains a local privilege escalation vulnerability affecting Windows 10, 11, and Server 2012-2025, allowing authenticated users to gain SYSTEM-level access. This poses a significant risk to organizations relying on user access controls, as any authenticated employee or contractor could escalate privileges to compromise critical systems and data. Immediate patching across the enterprise is required to prevent post-compromise lateral movement and persistence.
Apply vendor patch. Interim mitigation (if patch deployment is delayed): restrict local logon privileges to only necessary users, disable interactive logons for service accounts, and monitor Windows Event Viewer for failed privilege escalation attempts (Event ID 4625, 4673). These measures reduce attack surface but do not eliminate the vulnerability.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.
Race conditions occur when multiple concurrent requests exploit the brief time gap between checking a condition and acting upon it (TOCTOU - Time of Check, Time of Use).
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NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
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