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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Authenticate as low-privileged local user
  2. Exploit
    Trigger concurrent ProjFS operations
  3. Execution
    Win synchronization race window
  4. Impact
    Elevate to SYSTEM privileges

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2025 - Insecure Design
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Concurrency control, locking
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Privilege Escalation

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Requires an attacker who is already an authorized, low-privileged local user on the Windows host (PR:L, AV:L) - there is no remote or network vector. Exploitation depends on the Windows Projected File System (ProjFS) feature being active (ProjFS is used by virtual-filesystem providers such as VFS for Git / Scalar), and on the attacker winning an improper-synchronization race condition, which the CVSS AC:H and SSVC 'Automatable: no' indicate is timing-sensitive and not reliably repeatable. No user interaction is required (UI:N). The chief limiting factors are the need for prior local authenticated access, the dependence on ProjFS being in use, and the difficulty of reliably winning the race.

Impact

Signals here are largely consistent and point to a genuine but not top-tier priority. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H, base 7.0 High) describes a local elevation-of-privilege flaw requiring an already-authenticated low-privileged user and a hard-to-win race condition (AC:H), yielding total impact (C:H/I:H/A:H) - consistent with CISA SSVC 'Technical Impact: total'. The exploitation-likelihood signals all point down: EPSS is 0.04% (12th percentile), SSVC Exploitation is 'none' and Automatable is 'no', there is no CISA KEV listing, and no public exploit identified at time of analysis. The high AC combined with 'Automatable: no' reflects the timing-dependent nature of the race, which limits reliable mass exploitation. One inconsistency must be flagged: the input Tags include 'Information Disclosure', but the description, CWE-362, and the I:H/A:H impact all describe privilege elevation, not disclosure - treat the 'Information Disclosure' label as suspect and rely on the EoP characterization. Net: a real local EoP worth patching in the normal cycle, most relevant as a post-compromise/privilege-escalation link rather than an initial-access or wormable threat.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A local, low-privileged but authenticated attacker who already has code execution on a Windows host with the Projected File System (ProjFS) feature in use repeatedly triggers concurrent operations against ProjFS to win an improper-synchronization race. Winning the race lets them manipulate shared resources to execute code or gain rights at a higher privilege level (up to SYSTEM). No public exploit is identified at time of analysis, and the high attack complexity means exploitation is timing-dependent and not reliably repeatable.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv2 – Oct 15, 2026

Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Projected File System (ProjFS) allows an authorized, low-privileged local user to win a synchronization race condition and gain elevated privileges on the host. Exploitation requires prior local authenticated access (CVSS PR:L, AV:L) and depends on ProjFS being active, with no user interaction needed; the AC:H rating and SSVC 'Automatable: no' indicate the race is timing-sensitive and not reliably repeatable. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, EPSS is very low (0.04%, 12th percentile), and SSVC records Exploitation as 'none', so this is a genuine but not top-tier priority; a vendor patch is available.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)
v1 Apr 14, 2026 - 19:17 CVSS 7.8

Privilege escalation in Windows Projected File System across Windows 10, 11, and Server versions allows authenticated local users to gain SYSTEM-level privileges by exploiting a race condition during concurrent file system operations. Affects all currently supported Windows versions from Server 2019 through Windows 11 26H1. Microsoft released patches in their latest security update cycle. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the low attack complexity (AC:L) and minimal privileges required (PR:L) increase exploitation risk once technical details become public.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: Microsoft has published fixes through the MSRC Security Update Guide at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-27927 - apply the current cumulative Windows update so each system reaches its fixed build level: Windows 10 1809 and Windows Server 2019 to 10.0.17763.8644, Windows 10 21H2 to 10.0.19044.7184, Windows 10 22H2 to 10.0.19045.7184, Windows Server 2022 to 10.0.20348.5020, Windows Server 2022 23H2 Edition to 10.0.25398.2274, Windows 11 22H3/23H2 to 10.0.22631.6936, Windows 11 24H2 and Windows Server 2025 to 10.0.26100.32690, Windows 11 25H2 to 10.0.26200.8246, and Windows 11 26H1 to 10.0.28000.1836. If an immediate patch cycle is not possible, treat this as a local privilege-escalation bug and prioritize environments where low-privileged local users are untrusted (multi-user endpoints, RDP hosts, terminal servers, CI/build agents) - since the vector is AV:L/PR:L and there is no remote path, the main compensating control is reducing the population of untrusted local accounts and restricting interactive logon and RDP access to servers. Because exploitation depends on the Projected File System being active, disabling or not deploying ProjFS-based providers (VFS for Git / Scalar and similar virtual-filesystem backends) removes the attack surface on systems that do not require them, at the cost of breaking those provider workflows; note this is a workaround, not a substitute for the patch, and re-enabling ProjFS will restore the exposure. Monitor for anomalous local token/privilege changes on ProjFS-enabled hosts, and validate remediation by confirming installed build numbers meet or exceed the fixed levels listed above.

Affected VersionsENISA

Windows 10 Version 1809 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.8644
Windows 11 Version 24H2 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.32690
Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.32690
Windows Server 2019 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.8644
Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.32690
Windows 11 version 26H1 10.0.28000.0 <10.0.28000.1836
Windows 11 Version 25H2 10.0.26200.0 <10.0.26200.8246
Windows 10 Version 22H2 10.0.19045.0 <10.0.19045.7184
Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.8644
Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.0 <10.0.20348.5020
Windows 10 Version 21H2 10.0.19044.0 <10.0.19044.7184
Windows 11 Version 23H2 10.0.22631.0 <10.0.22631.6936
Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) 10.0.25398.0 <10.0.25398.2274
Windows 11 version 22H3 10.0.22631.0 <10.0.22631.6936

Affected Packages

microsoft windows_10_version_1809_10_0_17763_8644 fix: Windows 10 Version 1809 for 32-bit Systems 10.0.17763.8644, Windows 10 Version 1809 for x64-based Systems 10.0.17763.8644
microsoft windows_10_version_21h2_10_0_19044_7184 fix: Windows 10 Version 21H2 for 32-bit Systems 10.0.19044.7184, Windows 10 Version 21H2 for ARM64-based Systems 10.0.19044.7184, Windows 10 Version 21H2 for x64-based Systems 10.0.19044.7184
microsoft windows_10_version_22h2_10_0_19045_7184 fix: Windows 10 Version 22H2 for 32-bit Systems 10.0.19045.7184, Windows 10 Version 22H2 for ARM64-based Systems 10.0.19045.7184, Windows 10 Version 22H2 for x64-based Systems 10.0.19045.7184
microsoft windows_11_version_23h2_10_0_22631_6936 fix: Windows 11 Version 23H2 for ARM64-based Systems 10.0.22631.6936, Windows 11 Version 23H2 for x64-based Systems 10.0.22631.6936
microsoft windows_11_version_24h2_10_0_26100_32690 fix: Windows 11 Version 24H2 for ARM64-based Systems 10.0.26100.32690, Windows 11 Version 24H2 for x64-based Systems 10.0.26100.32690
microsoft windows_11_version_25h2_10_0_26200_8246 fix: Windows 11 Version 25H2 for ARM systems 10.0.26200.8246, Windows 11 Version 25H2 for x64-based Systems 10.0.26200.8246
microsoft windows_11_version_26h1_10_0_28000_1836 fix: Windows 11 Version 26H1 for ARM64-based Systems 10.0.28000.1836, Windows 11 version 26H1 for x64-based Systems 10.0.28000.1836
microsoft windows_server_2019_10_0_17763_8644 fix: Windows Server 2019 10.0.17763.8644, Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) 10.0.17763.8644
microsoft windows_server_2022_10_0_20348_5020 fix: Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.5020, Windows Server 2022 (Server Core installation) 10.0.20348.5020
microsoft windows_server_2022_23h2_edition_10_0_25398_2274 fix: Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) 10.0.25398.2274
microsoft windows_server_2025_10_0_26100_32690 fix: Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.32690, Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) 10.0.26100.32690
euvd windows_10_version_1809 fix: 10.0.17763.8644
euvd windows_10_version_21h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7184
euvd windows_10_version_22h2 fix: 10.0.19045.7184
euvd windows_11_version_22h3 fix: 10.0.22631.6936
euvd windows_11_version_23h2 fix: 10.0.22631.6936
euvd windows_11_version_24h2 fix: 10.0.26100.32690
euvd windows_11_version_25h2 fix: 10.0.26200.8246
euvd windows_11_version_26h1 fix: 10.0.28000.1836
euvd windows_server_2019 fix: 10.0.17763.8644
euvd windows_server_2019_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.17763.8644
euvd windows_server_2022 fix: 10.0.20348.5020
euvd windows_server_2022_23h2_edition_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.25398.2274
euvd windows_server_2025 fix: 10.0.26100.32690
euvd windows_server_2025_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.26100.32690

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 25 packages in microsoft, euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The vulnerability is a classic race condition (CWE-362: Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization) inside the Windows Projected File System (ProjFS), a kernel/user-mode framework that lets applications (notably virtual-filesystem providers such as VFS for Git and Scalar) project a backing store of files into a local directory as if they were materialized on disk. Because ProjFS mediates file operations through a provider callback model, concurrent file accesses can hit shared internal state that is not correctly synchronized, allowing a local caller to manipulate timing and cause a privileged operation to act on attacker-influenced state. The net effect is a local elevation of privilege with high impact across confidentiality, integrity and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H), though the CVSS 3.1 vector CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H and the SSVC 'Automatable: no' flag both signal that winning the race is difficult and inconsistent - the attacker cannot simply fire a reliable payload. The attack surface is local-only: CPE data maps affected platforms to Windows 10 (1809, 21H2, 22H2), Windows 11 (22H3, 23H2, 24H2, 25H2, 26H1) and Windows Server 2019, 2022, 2022 23H2 Edition and 2025 (including Server Core installations), meaning any ProjFS-enabled endpoint or server is in scope.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 7.0 HIGH
AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CIRCL (temporal) 6.8 MEDIUM
vuln.today AI 7.0 HIGH

Local post-authentication EoP (AV:L, PR:L); the race condition makes success timing-dependent (AC:H); no interaction needed (UI:N) and successful escalation yields total system impact (C/I/A:H).

3.1 AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from NVD.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

4
Analysis Updated
Oct 15, 2026 - 05:00 vuln.today
v2 - CVSS changed
CVSS changed
Oct 14, 2026 - 23:23 NVD
7.8 (HIGH) 7.0 (HIGH)
Patch released
Apr 14, 2026 - 17:46 nvd
Patch available
CVE Published
Apr 14, 2026 - 16:57 nvd
HIGH 7.8

DescriptionNVD

Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in Windows Projected File System allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Microsoft Windows Projected File System (ProjFS) contains a high-severity local privilege escalation vulnerability (CVE-2026-27927) that could allow an authenticated local attacker to gain elevated privileges on affected hosts. While exploitation requires local access and is timing-sensitive with no public exploit identified at time of analysis, successful elevation could enable attackers to move laterally or compromise sensitive data, affecting organizations with Windows endpoints where ProjFS is active. Given the very low EPSS, SSVC 'Exploitation: none', and availability of a vendor patch, this is a genuine but not top-tier priority that should be addressed through routine patch management to reduce future risk.

Business Impact: Medium
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.0%
Top 88% exploitable
Prevalence
Ubiquitous
core Windows OS component across all supported client and server editions
Vendor Action
See Below
Required. The vulnerability documented by this CVE requires customer action to resolve.
Vendor Status
Publicly Disclosed:No
Exploited:No
Latest Software Release:Exploitation Less Likely
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.0%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Defer
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable
No
Human Impact
Medium
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

35
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +35
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

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CVE-2025-33053 HIGH POC
8.8 Jun 10

Windows Internet Shortcut Files (.url) contain an external control vulnerability (CVE-2025-33053, CVSS 8.8) that enables

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