What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-28481?

CVE-2026-28481 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 6.5 (Medium). CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.0%.

How to fix or mitigate CVE-2026-28481?

Within 30 days: Identify affected systems and apply vendor patches as part of regular patch cycle. Monitor vendor channels for patch availability.

Openclaw CVE-2026-28481

MEDIUM

Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data (CWE-201)

2026-03-05 disclosure@vulncheck.com

GHSA-7vwx-582j-j332

Information Disclosure Openclaw

6.5

CVSS 3.1 · NVD

View

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-201 OWASP Top 10:2025 A01:2025 - Broken Access Control ASVS 5.0 V14 - Data Protection Outbound data filtering
Impact	CVSS 6.5 (MEDIUM). Attack vector: Network. Complexity: Low. Privileges required: None. User interaction: Required.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to compromise the affected system.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).

Patch available 0.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 12, 2026

OpenClaw versions 2026.1.30 and earlier leak authentication bearer tokens to untrusted domains when the optional MS Teams attachment downloader extension is enabled, due to overly permissive suffix-based domain allowlisting during download retries. An attacker could harvest these tokens from allowed domains to compromise authenticated sessions. No patch is currently available, affecting users of the vulnerable versions.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)

v1 Mar 12, 2026 - 22:06 CVSS 6.5

RemediationAI

Fixed in version 2026.2.1. Restrict network access to the affected service where possible.

Affected Packages

npm openclaw fix: 2026.2.1

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in npm

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

OpenClaw versions 2026.1.30 and earlier, contain an information disclosure vulnerability, patched in 2026.2.1, in the MS Teams attachment downloader (optional extension must be enabled) that leaks bearer tokens to allowlisted suffix domains. When retrying downloads after receiving 401 or 403 responses, the application sends Authorization bearer tokens to untrusted hosts matching the permissive suffix-based allowlist, enabling token theft.

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 6.5 MEDIUM

AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

None

User Interaction

Required

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

None

Availability

None

Lifecycle Timeline

Patch released

Mar 31, 2026 - 21:13 nvd

Patch available

CVE Published

Mar 05, 2026 - 22:16 nvd

MEDIUM 6.5

DescriptionCVE.org

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

CVE-2026-28481 presents notable security risk rated CVSS 6.5. Exploitation could compromise the security of affected deployments. Organizations should apply vendor updates when available and monitor for exploitation.

Business Impact: Moderate

Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If patching is delayed: restrict network access and enable monitoring.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

0.0%

Top 91% exploitable

Data Quality

5 sources

Confidence: Medium

NVD

CVE.org

EPSS

GitHub

VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity MEDIUM

CISA KEV No

Public POC No

EPSS 0.0%

Patch available Yes

Active threat No

Deciding rule

MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

Exploitation· derived

None

System Exposure· derived

Open

Automatable· derived

Priority Score

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: 0

EPSS: 0

CVSS: +32

PoC: 0

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information Disclosure MEDIUM

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.