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OS Command Injection

web CRITICAL

OS command injection occurs when an application passes unsanitized user input directly into system shell commands.

How It Works

OS command injection occurs when an application passes unsanitized user input directly into system shell commands. Instead of treating input as pure data, the shell interprets special characters as command separators or modifiers, allowing attackers to append arbitrary commands. Common injection points include system(), exec(), popen(), and backtick operators in languages like PHP, Python, and Ruby.

Attackers exploit shell metacharacters to break out of the intended command context. On both Unix and Windows, semicolons (;), pipes (|), and logical operators (&&, ||) chain multiple commands. Unix shells additionally interpret backticks and $() for command substitution, while newlines can also separate statements. For example, if an application executes ping -c 4 $USER_IP, an attacker supplying 8.8.8.8; cat /etc/passwd causes the server to run two commands sequentially.

Attacks manifest in three variants. Visible injection returns command output in the HTTP response, giving immediate feedback. Blind injection produces no direct output, requiring time-based detection (using sleep or timeout commands) or out-of-band confirmation via DNS lookups or HTTP callbacks to attacker-controlled servers. Attackers can also redirect output to web-accessible files for later retrieval.

Impact

  • Complete server compromise — execute any command with the application's privileges, often www-data or root
  • Lateral movement — scan internal networks, pivot to backend systems unreachable from the internet
  • Data exfiltration — dump databases, read configuration files containing credentials, access sensitive business data
  • Persistence mechanisms — install cron jobs, add SSH keys, deploy web shells for continued access
  • Denial of service — crash services, fill disk space, consume CPU resources
  • Supply chain attacks — modify application code or deployment artifacts to compromise downstream users

Real-World Examples

The Ivanti Cloud Service Appliance suffered CVE-2024-8190, where command injection in the administrative interface allowed unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands. CISA added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog after observing active exploitation against enterprise networks.

GitLab experienced multiple command injection vulnerabilities over the years, including issues in repository import functionality where Git URLs containing shell metacharacters were passed unsanitized to system commands, enabling remote code execution on self-hosted instances.

Network equipment frequently contains these flaws. Various Netgear routers have exhibited command injection in ping diagnostic tools, where user-supplied IP addresses were concatenated directly into shell commands without validation, granting attackers complete device control.

Mitigation

  • Eliminate OS commands entirely — use native language libraries (filesystem APIs, network functions) instead of shelling out
  • Strict input allowlisting — permit only exact matches against predefined values; validate format with regex before any processing
  • Parameterized execution APIs — use execve() or language equivalents that pass arguments as arrays, bypassing the shell interpreter completely
  • Principle of least privilege — run application processes with minimal permissions to limit compromise impact
  • Input validation — enforce expected patterns (IP addresses, alphanumeric IDs) but never rely on blacklisting metacharacters

Recent CVEs (9047)

EPSS 0% CVSS 7.2
HIGH This Week

Arbitrary command execution in OpenProject versions 16.6.1 and below allows authenticated administrators to execute system commands by manipulating the sendmail binary path configuration and triggering a test email function. An admin-level attacker can leverage this to achieve full system compromise with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. No patch is currently available, and exploitation requires high privileges but no user interaction.

RCE Command Injection Openproject
NVD GitHub
EPSS 0% CVSS 8.4
HIGH This Week

Kiro IDE versions before 0.6.18 are vulnerable to command injection when processing maliciously named workspace folders in the GitLab Merge-Request helper, allowing local attackers with user interaction to execute arbitrary commands with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability requires local access and user interaction to open a crafted workspace, but no patch is currently available and exploitation requires minimal complexity. Users should restrict workspace access and avoid opening untrusted workspace folders until an update is released.

Command Injection Gitlab Kiro Ide +1
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 8.8
HIGH This Week

Remote code execution in Ubiquiti airMAX and airFiber wireless devices lets an attacker within Wi-Fi range run arbitrary code by abusing the proprietary airMAX Wireless Protocol. The flaw (a command injection, CWE-77) affects airMAX AC (≤ 8.7.20), airMAX M (≤ 6.3.22), airFiber AF60-XG (≤ 1.2.2), and airFiber AF60 (≤ 2.6.7), and requires only radio proximity rather than network authentication. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the EPSS score is low (0.07%), so exploitation is currently theoretical despite the high CVSS of 8.8.

RCE Command Injection Airfiber Af60 Firmware +4
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.7
HIGH POC PATCH This Week

Arbitrary command execution in Greenshot 1.3.310 and earlier stems from insufficient input validation in filename processing, where unsanitized user-supplied filenames are passed directly to shell commands. An attacker can exploit this through a malicious filename containing shell metacharacters to achieve local code execution with user privileges. Public exploit code exists for this vulnerability; users should upgrade to version 1.3.311 or later.

Windows Command Injection Greenshot +1
NVD GitHub
EPSS 2% CVSS 7.2
HIGH POC Act Now

Remote code execution in ChurchCRM versions prior to 6.5.3 allows an authenticated administrator to upload a web shell through the Database Restore function, then upload a .htaccess file to make the shell directly accessible and executable. The flaw is tracked as CVE-2025-68109 with CVSS 3.1 base score 7.2 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H); the high PR:H metric reflects that the vulnerable restore feature is administrative. Publicly available exploit code exists, but there is no confirmed active exploitation (CISA KEV) in the provided data, and upgrading to 6.5.3 remediates the issue.

PHP RCE Command Injection +1
NVD GitHub VulDB
EPSS 3% CVSS 7.2
HIGH KEV PATCH THREAT Act Now

Array Networks ArrayOS AG before 9.4.5.9 contains an OS command injection vulnerability (CVE-2025-66644, CVSS 7.2) that has been actively exploited in the wild from August through December 2025. KEV-listed, this vulnerability in the VPN/SSL-VPN appliance enables authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the network edge device.

Command Injection Arrayos Ag Arraynetworks
NVD
EPSS 51% 6.0 CVSS 7.2
HIGH POC KEV THREAT Act Now

Fortinet FortiWeb contains an authenticated OS command injection allowing privilege escalation to execute unauthorized commands on the web application firewall.

Fortinet Command Injection Fortiweb
NVD
EPSS 82% 7.2 CVSS 8.6
HIGH POC KEV THREAT Act Now

FreePBX Endpoint Manager contains a post-authentication command injection via the testconnection/check_ssh_connect function, allowing authenticated users to execute OS commands.

Command Injection Firestore Sangoma
NVD GitHub
EPSS 3% 5.1 CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL POC KEV PATCH THREAT Act Now

React Native Metro Development Server binds to external interfaces by default and contains an OS command injection endpoint, allowing unauthenticated network attackers to execute arbitrary code.

Windows Command Injection Microsoft +2
NVD GitHub
EPSS 14% CVSS 7.2
HIGH POC THREAT Act Now

Authenticated OS command injection in Centreon Web (Infra Monitoring) lets a high-privilege user execute arbitrary operating-system commands by concatenating shell metacharacters and custom instructions into the poller reload command on the poller parameters/configuration page. Exploitation is gated on administrative privilege (CVSS PR:H, AV:N), so anonymous or low-privilege users cannot reach the vulnerable functionality, but a successful abuse yields full compromise of the poller host with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. The issue affects Infra Monitoring 23.10.0 through 23.10.27, 24.04.0 through 24.04.17, and 24.10.0 through 24.10.12; EPSS is elevated at 13.51% (96th percentile), and no public exploit code or confirmed active exploitation was identified at time of analysis.

Command Injection Centreon Web Centreon
NVD GitHub
EPSS 66% 4.9 CVSS 7.2
HIGH POC PATCH THREAT Act Now

MotionEye video surveillance software version 0.43.1b4 and earlier contains an authenticated OS command injection via configuration parameters such as image_file_name. Admin users can inject commands that execute when the Motion daemon restarts, achieving code execution on the surveillance server.

RCE Command Injection Motioneye
NVD GitHub Exploit-DB
EPSS 7% CVSS 6.1
MEDIUM KEV THREAT Act Now

Libraesva ESG 4.5 through 5.5.x before 5.5.7 allows command injection via a compressed e-mail attachment. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.1), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and no vendor patch available.

Command Injection Email Security Gateway
NVD
EPSS 59% 6.6 CVSS 9.0
CRITICAL POC KEV THREAT Emergency

CentOS Web Panel (CWP) allows unauthenticated remote code execution through OS command injection in the filemanager changePerm request's t_total parameter.

RCE Command Injection Webpanel +1
NVD
EPSS 59% 6.7 CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL POC KEV THREAT Emergency

Remote code execution in Fortra's GoAnywhere Managed File Transfer arises when the License Servlet deserializes an attacker-controlled object accompanied by a validly forged license response signature, enabling command injection (CWE-77). Any actor able to forge that signature can reach the servlet over the network without authentication and execute arbitrary commands on the host. This flaw is confirmed actively exploited (CISA KEV), has publicly available exploit code, and carries an unusually high EPSS of 58.80% (98th percentile), placing it firmly in emergency-patch territory.

Deserialization Command Injection Goanywhere Managed File Transfer +1
NVD
EPSS 8% CVSS 9.4
CRITICAL KEV THREAT Emergency

N-able N-central before 2025.3.1 contains an OS command injection through improper input validation, companion vulnerability to CVE-2025-8875.

Command Injection N Central N Able
NVD
EPSS 44% 4.7 CVSS 9.4
CRITICAL POC THREAT Emergency

Dolibarr ERP/CRM versions <= 3.1.1 and <= 3.2.0 contain a post-authenticated OS command injection vulnerability in its database backup feature. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.4), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 43.6%.

PHP RCE Command Injection
NVD Exploit-DB
EPSS 52% 4.9 CVSS 9.4
CRITICAL POC THREAT Emergency

Openfiler v2.x contains a command injection vulnerability in the system.html page. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.4), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 52.2%.

Command Injection
NVD Exploit-DB
EPSS 44% 4.7 CVSS 9.4
CRITICAL POC THREAT Emergency

ZEN Load Balancer versions 2.0 and 3.0-rc1 contain a command injection vulnerability in content2-2.cgi. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.4), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 43.6%.

RCE Command Injection
NVD Exploit-DB
EPSS 63% 5.2 CVSS 9.3
CRITICAL POC THREAT Emergency

PhpTax version 0.8 contains a remote code execution vulnerability in drawimage.php. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 62.6%.

PHP RCE Command Injection
NVD Exploit-DB
EPSS 50% 4.7 CVSS 8.7
HIGH POC THREAT Act Now

Zenoss Core 3.x contains a command injection vulnerability in the showDaemonXMLConfig endpoint. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.7), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 50.2%.

Path Traversal Command Injection
NVD Exploit-DB
EPSS 53% 4.9 CVSS 9.3
CRITICAL POC THREAT Emergency

The E-Mail Security Virtual Appliance (ESVA) (tested on version ESVA_2057) contains an unauthenticated command injection vulnerability in the learn-msg.cgi script. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 52.9%.

Command Injection
NVD Exploit-DB
EPSS 54% 5.0 CVSS 9.3
CRITICAL POC THREAT Emergency

WAN Emulator v2.3 contains two unauthenticated command execution vulnerabilities. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 53.6%.

PHP RCE Command Injection
NVD Exploit-DB
EPSS 14% CVSS 9.4
CRITICAL POC THREAT Emergency

An unauthenticated OS command injection vulnerability exists in the Shenzhen Aitemi M300 Wi-Fi Repeater (hardware model MT02) via the 'time' parameter of the '/protocol.csp?' endpoint. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.4), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 13.7% and no vendor patch available.

Command Injection
NVD
EPSS 61% 5.2 CVSS 9.3
CRITICAL POC THREAT Emergency

Narcissus is vulnerable to remote code execution via improper input handling in its image configuration workflow. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 60.7%.

PHP RCE Command Injection
NVD Exploit-DB
EPSS 47% 4.6 CVSS 8.6
HIGH POC THREAT Act Now

Nagios XI Network Monitor prior to Graph Explorer component version 1.3 contains a command injection vulnerability in `visApi.php`. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 46.6%.

PHP RCE Command Injection
NVD Exploit-DB
EPSS 54% 4.8 CVSS 8.6
HIGH POC THREAT Act Now

Netwin SurgeFTP version 23c8 and prior contains a vulnerability in its web-based administrative console that allows authenticated users to execute arbitrary system commands via crafted POST requests. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 53.7%.

RCE Command Injection
NVD Exploit-DB
EPSS 74% 5.6 CVSS 9.3
CRITICAL POC THREAT Emergency

The ICTBroadcast application unsafely passes session cookie data to shell processing, allowing an attacker to inject shell commands into a session cookie that get executed on the server. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 74.3% and no vendor patch available.

RCE Command Injection
NVD GitHub
EPSS 5% CVSS 9.4
CRITICAL KEV PATCH THREAT Act Now

Trend Micro Apex One on-premise management console allows pre-authenticated remote attackers to upload malicious code and execute commands, enabling complete server compromise.

Command Injection Trend Micro Apex One
NVD
EPSS 73% 5.4 CVSS 8.6
HIGH POC THREAT Act Now

An authenticated OS command injection vulnerability exists in Netgear routers (tested on the DGN1000B model firmware versions 1.1.00.24 and 1.1.00.45) via the TimeToLive parameter in the setup.cgi. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 73.1%.

Command Injection Netgear Dgn1000B Firmware
NVD Exploit-DB
EPSS 61% 5.2 CVSS 9.4
CRITICAL POC THREAT Emergency

An authenticated OS command injection vulnerability exists in Netgear routers (tested on the DGN2200B model) firmware versions 1.0.0.36 and prior via the pppoe.cgi endpoint. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.4), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 61.0%.

Command Injection Netgear Dgn2200B Firmware
NVD Exploit-DB
EPSS 51% 4.7 CVSS 8.6
HIGH POC THREAT Act Now

An authenticated OS command injection vulnerability exists in various D-Link routers (tested on DIR-615H1 running firmware version 8.04) via the tools_vct.htm endpoint. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 50.8%.

Command Injection D-Link Dir 615H Firmware
NVD Exploit-DB
EPSS 47% 4.6 CVSS 8.6
HIGH POC THREAT Act Now

An authenticated OS command injection vulnerability exists in various Linksys router models (tested on WRT160Nv2) running firmware version v2.0.03 via the apply.cgi endpoint. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 46.6%.

RCE Command Injection Linksys
NVD Exploit-DB
EPSS 60% 5.0 CVSS 8.7
HIGH POC THREAT Act Now

A remote command execution vulnerability exists in ZPanel version 10.0.0.2 in its htpasswd module. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.7), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 59.6%.

Command Injection
NVD GitHub
EPSS 62% 5.1 CVSS 8.7
HIGH POC THREAT Act Now

An OS command injection vulnerability exists in multiple D-Link routers-confirmed on DIR-300 rev A (v1.05) and DIR-615 rev D (v4.13)-via the authenticated tools_vct.xgi CGI endpoint. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.7), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 61.9%.

Command Injection D-Link
NVD Exploit-DB VulDB
EPSS 51% 4.9 CVSS 9.3
CRITICAL POC THREAT Emergency

An OS command injection vulnerability exists in multiple Raidsonic NAS devices-specifically tested on IB-NAS5220 and IB-NAS4220-via the unauthenticated timeHandler.cgi endpoint exposed through the. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 51.4%.

Command Injection
NVD Exploit-DB
EPSS 60% 5.2 CVSS 9.3
CRITICAL POC THREAT Emergency

An OS command injection vulnerability exists in various legacy D-Link routers-including DIR-300 rev B and DIR-600 (firmware ≤ 2.13 and ≤ 2.14b01, respectively)-due to improper input handling in the. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 59.8%.

PHP Command Injection D-Link +2
NVD Exploit-DB
EPSS 3% CVSS 8.7
HIGH POC Act Now

Command injection in OP5 Monitor through version 7.1.9 allows any authenticated low-privilege user to execute arbitrary shell commands on the underlying Linux host via the unsanitized `cmd_str` parameter in the `command_test.php` endpoint. Commands execute as the unprivileged web application user, providing a reliable foothold for further post-exploitation. A Metasploit module (`op5_config_exec.rb`) and an Exploit-DB entry (39676) fully weaponize this vulnerability, and the EPSS score at the 88th percentile reflects elevated real-world exploitation likelihood despite the absence of a CISA KEV listing.

PHP Command Injection
NVD Exploit-DB VulDB
EPSS 60% 5.2 CVSS 9.3
CRITICAL POC THREAT Emergency

CryptoLog PHP edition (discontinued since 2009) contains a chained SQL injection and command injection vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker can first bypass authentication via SQLi in login.php, then exploit command injection to gain shell access as the web server user.

PHP Authentication Bypass RCE +2
NVD Exploit-DB
EPSS 54% 5.0 CVSS 9.3
CRITICAL POC THREAT Emergency

Serviio Media Server versions 1.4 through 1.8 on Windows contain an unauthenticated command injection in the /rest/action API endpoint. The checkStreamUrl method passes the VIDEO parameter directly to cmd.exe without sanitization, enabling remote code execution on the media server.

Windows Command Injection Microsoft
NVD Exploit-DB
EPSS 20% 4.0 CVSS 9.3
CRITICAL POC THREAT Emergency

VICIdial call center software versions 2.9 RC1 through 2.13 RC1 contain an unauthenticated command injection in vicidial_sales_viewer.php when password encryption is enabled. The HTTP Basic Authentication password is passed directly to OS commands without sanitization, enabling remote code execution on the call center server.

PHP Command Injection
NVD Exploit-DB
EPSS 45% 4.7 CVSS 9.3
CRITICAL POC THREAT Emergency

Mako Server versions 2.5 and 2.6 contain an unauthenticated OS command injection via the tutorial interface at examples/save.lsp. Attackers can send crafted PUT requests with arbitrary Lua os.execute() code that is persisted on disk and executed, achieving remote code execution on the embedded web server.

Windows Command Injection Microsoft
NVD Exploit-DB
EPSS 47% 4.4 CVSS 7.5
HIGH POC PATCH THREAT Act Now

Polycom HDX Series video conferencing systems contain an authenticated command injection in the LAN traceroute function. The devcmds console accessible over Telnet allows injection of shell metacharacters through the traceroute target parameter, enabling arbitrary command execution on the conferencing endpoint.

RCE Command Injection
NVD Exploit-DB
EPSS 50% 4.7 CVSS 8.6
HIGH POC THREAT Act Now

Authenticated command injection in Pandora FMS 7.0NG and earlier allows remote code execution via the net_tools.php ping functionality. An attacker with valid high-privileged credentials can inject arbitrary OS commands through the select_ips parameter, leading to full system compromise. The vulnerability has a high EPSS score (49.71%), publicly available exploit code, and no known vendor patch at this time.

PHP RCE Command Injection +2
NVD GitHub Exploit-DB
EPSS 47% 4.7 CVSS 8.8
HIGH POC THREAT Act Now

Pi-hole versions up to 3.3 contain an authenticated command injection via the domain allowlist functionality. When adding a domain, the domain parameter is passed to OS commands without sanitization, allowing administrators to execute arbitrary commands with the Pi-hole daemon's privileges.

Command Injection Pi Hole
NVD GitHub
EPSS 46% 4.7 CVSS 9.3
CRITICAL POC PATCH THREAT Act Now

A command injection vulnerability exists in IGEL OS versions prior to 11.04.270 within the Secure Terminal and Secure Shadow services. The flaw arises due to improper input sanitization in the handling of specially crafted PROXYCMD commands on TCP ports 30022 and 5900. An unauthenticated attacker with network access to a vulnerable device can inject arbitrary commands, leading to remote code execution with elevated privileges. NOTE: IGEL OS v10.x has reached end-of-life (EOL) status.

RCE Command Injection
NVD
EPSS 54% 5.1 CVSS 10.0
CRITICAL POC THREAT Emergency

Maltrail network traffic analysis tool versions through 0.54 contain an unauthenticated OS command injection via the username parameter in POST requests to the /login endpoint. The input is passed to subprocess.check_output() without sanitization, enabling remote code execution on the security monitoring server.

Command Injection
NVD GitHub
EPSS 44% 4.8 CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL POC THREAT Emergency

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in the Netflow directory field may allow OS command injection. This issue affects Pandora FMS 774 through 778

Command Injection Pandora Fms Artica
NVD
EPSS 81% 5.9 CVSS 10.0
CRITICAL POC PATCH THREAT Act Now

Multiple Linksys E-Series router models contain an unauthenticated OS command injection vulnerability in the /tmUnblock.cgi and /hndUnblock.cgi endpoints accessible on port 8080. The ttcp_ip parameter is passed directly to a system shell without sanitization, enabling remote root-level command execution on the router.

RCE Command Injection Linksys
NVD Exploit-DB VulDB GitHub
EPSS 35% CVSS 7.0
HIGH POC PATCH THREAT Act Now

OS command injection vulnerability in the backup name field of Pandora ITSM 5.0.105 that results from improper neutralization of special elements (CWE-77). An authenticated attacker with high privileges can inject arbitrary OS commands through the backup name parameter, potentially achieving code execution with high confidentiality impact. The CVSS 7.0 score reflects the requirement for privileged access (PR:H), but the network-accessible attack vector (AV:N) and low attack complexity (AC:L) indicate this is a practical threat in enterprise environments where administrative accounts may be compromised or abused.

Command Injection
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 8.6
HIGH KEV THREAT Act Now

A second Qualcomm GPU micronode memory corruption vulnerability (CVE-2025-21479, CVSS 8.6) exists in the unauthorized command execution path during specific GPU command sequences. KEV-listed alongside CVE-2025-21480, this indicates a systemic issue in Qualcomm's GPU micronode command validation that is being actively exploited in mobile attack chains.

RCE Command Injection Memory Corruption +75
NVD
EPSS 2% CVSS 8.6
HIGH KEV THREAT Act Now

Qualcomm GPU micronode contains a memory corruption vulnerability (CVE-2025-21480, CVSS 8.6) caused by unauthorized command execution during specific GPU command sequences. KEV-listed, this vulnerability enables privilege escalation from the GPU context, potentially allowing app-level attackers to gain kernel access through the GPU driver on Qualcomm-based Android devices.

RCE Command Injection Memory Corruption +76
NVD
EPSS 46% 6.1 CVSS 8.7
HIGH POC KEV THREAT Act Now

Meteobridge weather station web interface contains a command injection vulnerability allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands through crafted requests to CGI endpoints.

Command Injection Meteobridge Vm Meteobridge Firmware
NVD
EPSS 91% 6.2 CVSS 10.0
CRITICAL POC THREAT Emergency

NetAlertX (formerly PiAlert) versions 23.01.14 through 24.x before 24.10.12 allow unauthenticated command injection through the settings update API. The savesettings function lacks authentication, enabling attackers to modify arbitrary configuration values and inject OS commands that execute on the host system.

PHP Authentication Bypass Command Injection +1
NVD
EPSS 32% 4.3 CVSS 9.3
CRITICAL POC THREAT Emergency

Web-Check is an all-in-one OSINT tool for analyzing any website. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 32.4% and no vendor patch available.

Command Injection
NVD GitHub
EPSS 79% 5.6 CVSS 8.8
HIGH POC THREAT Act Now

Xorcom CompletePBX through version 5.2.35 contains an authenticated command injection vulnerability in the Task Scheduler functionality. Attackers with administrator access can inject arbitrary OS commands that execute as root, achieving complete system compromise of the VoIP PBX.

Command Injection Completepbx Xorcom
NVD
EPSS 2% 4.5 CVSS 7.2
HIGH POC KEV THREAT Act Now

A command injection vulnerability in D-Link DIR-823X 240126 and 240802 allows an authorized attacker to execute arbitrary commands on remote devices by sending a POST request to. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

Command Injection D-Link
NVD GitHub VulDB
EPSS 74% 5.4 CVSS 8.6
HIGH POC THREAT Act Now

Pandora FMS monitoring platform versions 700 through 777.6 contain a command injection vulnerability that allows OS command execution. The improper neutralization of special elements in monitoring agent communication enables attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the Pandora FMS server with the application's privileges.

Command Injection Pandora Fms Artica
NVD
EPSS 85% CVSS 9.3
CRITICAL KEV THREAT Emergency

Edimax IC-7100 IP camera allows unauthenticated remote code execution through improper neutralization of requests, with no patch available as the device is end-of-life.

RCE Command Injection Ic 7100 Firmware +1
NVD
EPSS 55% CVSS 8.8
HIGH KEV THREAT Act Now

Zyxel VMG4325-B10A legacy DSL CPE contains post-authentication command injection via Telnet management commands, companion vulnerability to CVE-2024-40890 affecting the same unsupported device.

Command Injection Zyxel Vmg1312 B10A Firmware +13
NVD
EPSS 46% CVSS 8.8
HIGH KEV THREAT Act Now

Zyxel VMG4325-B10A legacy DSL CPE contains post-authentication OS command injection in the CGI program, allowing authenticated attackers to execute OS commands via crafted HTTP POST requests. No patch available (EOL device).

Command Injection Zyxel Vmg1312 B10A Firmware +13
NVD
EPSS 75% 7.0 CVSS 8.8
HIGH POC KEV THREAT Act Now

Digiever DS-2105 Pro 3.1.0.71-11 devices allow time_tzsetup.cgi Command Injection. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and public exploit code available.

Authentication Bypass Command Injection Ds 2105 Pro Firmware
NVD
EPSS 71% 5.6 CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL POC THREAT Emergency

NETGEAR DGN1000 routers with firmware before 1.1.00.48 contain an unauthenticated remote command execution vulnerability via the setup.cgi endpoint. The vulnerability has been exploited in the wild since at least 2017, notably by the Mirai-derived Reaper/IoTroop botnet for large-scale DDoS operations.

Authentication Bypass Command Injection Netgear +1
NVD Exploit-DB
EPSS 94% 7.8 CVSS 10.0
CRITICAL POC KEV THREAT Emergency

Aviatrix Controller before 7.1.4191 and 7.2.x before 7.2.4996 contains an OS command injection via improper neutralization of special elements in the /v1/api endpoint, allowing unauthenticated remote code execution.

RCE Command Injection Controller +1
NVD
EPSS 98% CVSS 6.9
MEDIUM POC KEV THREAT This Month

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in DrayTek Vigor2960 and Vigor300B 1.5.1.4. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

Command Injection Vigor300b Firmware Vigor2960 Firmware +1
NVD VulDB
EPSS 14% CVSS 7.2
HIGH KEV THREAT This Week

A vulnerability has been discovered in Privileged Remote Access (PRA) and Remote Support (RS) which can allow an attacker with existing administrative privileges to inject commands and run as a site. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.2), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Command Injection Privileged Remote Access Remote Support +1
NVD
EPSS 88% CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL POC KEV THREAT Emergency

A critical vulnerability has been discovered in Privileged Remote Access (PRA) and Remote Support (RS) products which can allow an unauthenticated attacker to inject commands that are run as a site. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

Command Injection Privileged Remote Access Remote Support +1
NVD
EPSS 94% 7.8 CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL POC KEV THREAT Emergency

In Cleo Harmony before 5.8.0.24, VLTrader before 5.8.0.24, and LexiCom before 5.8.0.24, an unauthenticated user can import and execute arbitrary Bash or PowerShell commands on the host system by. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

Command Injection Harmony Lexicom +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 64% CVSS 10.0
CRITICAL POC THREAT Emergency

A parameter within a command does not properly validate input within myPRO Manager which could be exploited by an unauthenticated remote attacker to inject arbitrary operating system commands. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Command Injection
NVD
EPSS 91% CVSS 6.9
MEDIUM POC THREAT This Month

Arbitrary commands execution on the server by exploiting a command injection vulnerability in the LDAP authentication mechanism.4. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Command Injection Pandora Fms Pandorafms
NVD
EPSS 95% 7.2 CVSS 6.9
MEDIUM POC KEV THREAT This Month

A privilege escalation vulnerability in Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS software allows a PAN-OS administrator with access to the management web interface to perform actions on the firewall with root. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

Privilege Escalation Command Injection Paloalto +2
NVD GitHub
EPSS 29% CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL POC KEV THREAT Act Now

Certain EOL GeoVision devices have an OS Command Injection vulnerability. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

Command Injection Geovision Gv Dsp Lpr Firmware +3
NVD
EPSS 46% CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL POC THREAT Emergency

CyberPanel (aka Cyber Panel) before 2.3.5 allows Command Injection via completePath in the ProcessUtilities.outputExecutioner() sink. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

RCE Command Injection Cyberpanel
NVD
EPSS 95% 7.8 CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL POC KEV PATCH THREAT Act Now

getresetstatus in dns/views.py and ftp/views.py in CyberPanel (aka Cyber Panel) before 1c0c6cb allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and execute arbitrary commands via /dns/getresetstatus. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.

Command Injection Cyberpanel
NVD GitHub Exploit-DB
EPSS 98% 6.3 CVSS 9.4
CRITICAL POC PATCH THREAT Act Now

The SQL Expressions experimental feature of Grafana allows for the evaluation of `duckdb` queries containing user input. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.4), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

RCE Command Injection Code Injection +1
NVD
EPSS 98% CVSS 9.9
CRITICAL POC KEV THREAT Act Now

An OS command injection vulnerability in Palo Alto Networks Expedition allows an unauthenticated attacker to run arbitrary OS commands as root in Expedition, resulting in disclosure of usernames,. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Command Injection Paloalto Expedition +1
NVD
EPSS 63% CVSS 7.2
HIGH KEV EUVD KEV THREAT This Week

An OS command injection vulnerability in the admin web console of Ivanti CSA before version 5.0.2 allows a remote authenticated attacker with admin privileges to obtain remote code execution. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.2), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

RCE Command Injection Ivanti +1
NVD
EPSS 100% CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL POC KEV THREAT Act Now

The postjournal service in Zimbra Collaboration (ZCS) before 8.8.15 Patch 46, 9 before 9.0.0 Patch 41, 10 before 10.0.9, and 10.1 before 10.1.1 sometimes allows unauthenticated users to execute. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

Command Injection Zimbra Collaboration Suite Synacor
NVD
EPSS 82% CVSS 7.2
HIGH POC KEV THREAT This Week

PTZOptics PT30X-SDI/NDI-xx before firmware 6.3.40 is vulnerable to an OS command injection issue. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.2), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

Command Injection Pt30X Sdi Firmware Pt30X Ndi Xx G2 Firmware +1
NVD
EPSS 89% CVSS 7.2
HIGH KEV EUVD KEV THREAT This Week

An OS command injection vulnerability in Ivanti Cloud Services Appliance versions 4.6 Patch 518 and before allows a remote authenticated attacker to obtain remote code execution. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.2), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

RCE Command Injection Ivanti +1
NVD
EPSS 75% CVSS 8.8
HIGH POC THREAT Act Now

An attacker with authenticated access to VICIdial as an "agent" can execute arbitrary shell commands as the "root" user. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

Command Injection
NVD
EPSS 95% CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL POC THREAT Emergency

SPIP before 4.3.2, 4.2.16, and 4.1.18 is vulnerable to a command injection issue. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

Command Injection File Upload Spip
NVD
EPSS 10% CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL POC KEV THREAT Act Now

Certain EOL GeoVision devices fail to properly filter user input for the specific functionality. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

Command Injection Geovision Gv Dsp Lpr Firmware +19
NVD
EPSS 100% CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL POC KEV THREAT Emergency

In PHP versions 8.1.* before 8.1.29, 8.2.* before 8.2.20, 8.3.* before 8.3.8, when using Apache and PHP-CGI on Windows, if the system is set up to use certain code pages, Windows may use "Best-Fit". Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

PHP Apache Command Injection +3
NVD GitHub Exploit-DB
EPSS 65% CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL POC PATCH THREAT Act Now

pgAdmin <= 8.4 is affected by a Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability through the validate binary path API. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

RCE Command Injection Fedora +3
NVD GitHub
EPSS 100% CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL POC KEV THREAT Act Now

** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in D-Link DNS-320L, DNS-325, DNS-327L and DNS-340L up to 20240403. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

Command Injection D-Link Dns 325 Firmware +19
NVD GitHub VulDB
EPSS 94% CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL POC THREAT Emergency

In Flowmon versions prior to 11.1.14 and 12.3.5, an operating system command injection vulnerability has been identified. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

Command Injection Flowmon Progress
NVD GitHub
EPSS 46% CVSS 8.8
HIGH POC THREAT Act Now

OpenMetadata is a unified platform for discovery, observability, and governance powered by a central metadata repository, in-depth lineage, and seamless team collaboration. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

RCE Java Command Injection +2
NVD GitHub
EPSS 95% CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL POC KEV THREAT Emergency

Unauthenticated remote attackers can access the system through the LoadMaster management interface, enabling arbitrary system command execution. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

Command Injection Loadmaster Progress
NVD GitHub
EPSS 71% CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL POC THREAT Emergency

NETIS SYSTEMS MW5360 V1.0.1.3031 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability via the password parameter on the login page. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

Command Injection Mw5360 Firmware Netis Systems
NVD GitHub
EPSS 94% 9.7 CVSS 9.1
CRITICAL POC KEV THREAT Emergency

Ivanti Connect Secure and Policy Secure contain an authenticated command injection in web components allowing administrators to execute arbitrary commands, chained with CVE-2023-46805 for unauthenticated RCE.

Command Injection Ivanti Connect Secure +1
NVD
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Quick Facts

Typical Severity
CRITICAL
Category
web
Total CVEs
9047

Related CWEs

MITRE ATT&CK

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