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WebKitGTK and WPE WebKit contain an API design flaw that allows untrusted web content to bypass the WebPage::send-request signal handler and perform unapproved network operations including IP connections, DNS lookups, and HTTP requests. The vulnerability affects applications across Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6-9 that rely on this signal to control network access. A remote attacker can trigger these bypassed requests via crafted web content with only user interaction (UI:R), resulting in limited confidentiality impact (C:L) without code execution.
Notification data retention in Apple iOS and iPadOS exposes deleted notification content to local access due to insufficient log redaction. Devices running iOS/iPadOS prior to 18.7.8 or 26.4.2 retain notification payloads after user deletion, constituting a CWE-359 private information exposure. No active exploitation is confirmed (not in CISA KEV), EPSS sits at 0.02% (5th percentile), and SSVC assessment classifies exploitation as none - indicating low real-world threat velocity despite a CVSS confidentiality impact of High.
Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) symlink race condition vulnerability in uutils coreutils affects directory traversal operations on macOS and FreeBSD because the safe_traversal module's file-descriptor-relative syscall protections are incorrectly limited to Linux targets only. Local authenticated attackers with limited privileges can exploit this race condition to read or modify files via symlink manipulation, though exploitation requires specific timing conditions and is not automatable. EPSS and CISA SSVC assessment indicate partial technical impact with no evidence of active exploitation.
Memory leak in the Linux kernel HID Apple driver causes gradual kernel memory exhaustion on systems connected to Apple HID peripherals. The `apple_report_fixup()` function in `drivers/hid/hid-apple.c` allocates a new buffer via `kmemdup()` each time an Apple device descriptor is processed, but the HID core caller never frees it because the API contract only guarantees lifetime management for pointers returned into the original descriptor buffer. Patches are available across all actively maintained stable branches (6.1, 6.6, 6.12, 6.18, 6.19, 7.0); no active exploitation has been confirmed and EPSS stands at 0.02%.
Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) in goshs v2.0.0-beta.5 allows an attacker to trick an authenticated user's browser into performing file deletions and directory creations via specially crafted HTTP GET requests. The server relies solely on HTTP basic authentication and lacks CSRF protections, enabling an attacker-controlled webpage to embed image tags that trigger these destructive actions. A public proof-of-concept exploit exists, but no active exploitation in the wild has been reported and the EPSS score is low (0.02%).
ClearanceKit for macOS prior to version 5.0.4-beta-1f46165 fails to validate destination paths in dual-path file operations (rename, link, copyfile, exchangedata, clone), allowing authenticated local processes to bypass file-access protection and place or replace files in protected directories. The vulnerability affects all versions before 5.0.4-beta-1f46165 and has been patched; no public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at the time of analysis.
UI spoofing in Google Chrome on iOS prior to version 147.0.7727.55 allows remote attackers to deceive users through malicious HTML pages that manipulate the Omnibox security indicator, enabling phishing or credential theft without code execution. The vulnerability requires user interaction and has low confidentiality impact, reflected in both the CVSS score of 4.3 and minimal EPSS score of 0.03%, indicating limited real-world exploitation likelihood despite public discoverability.
Google Chrome on iOS prior to version 147.0.7727.55 contains an Omnibox (URL bar) spoofing vulnerability that allows remote attackers to display misleading domain names to users through crafted domains, potentially enabling phishing attacks. The vulnerability requires user interaction (clicking a link) and affects iOS-specific browser UI rendering. While assigned a low Chromium security severity and rated 5.4 CVSS, the practical exploitation probability remains minimal (0.03% EPSS) due to the high user-interaction requirement and limited information-disclosure impact.
Remote code execution in Tophat mobile testing harness prior to 2.5.1 allows authenticated network attackers to execute arbitrary commands on a developer's macOS workstation via unsanitized URL query parameters passed directly to bash. The vulnerability affects any developer with Tophat installed, with commands executing under the user's permissions and no confirmation dialog for previously trusted build hosts. This was fixed in version 2.5.1.
Out-of-bounds heap read in Electron's single-instance lock mechanism on macOS and Linux allows local attackers with same-user privileges to leak sensitive application memory through crafted second-instance messages. Affected Electron versions prior to 41.0.0, 40.8.1, 39.8.1, and 38.8.6 are vulnerable only if applications explicitly call app.requestSingleInstanceLock(); no public exploit code is currently identified, but the CVSS 5.3 score reflects moderate confidentiality impact combined with local attack complexity requirements.
Type confusion in macOS memory handling allows local attackers to cause unexpected app termination through crafted user interaction, affecting macOS Sequoia before 15.6, Sonoma before 14.7.7, and Ventura before 13.7.7. With a CVSS score of 3.3 and SSVC exploitation status of 'none', this represents a low-severity local denial-of-service condition requiring user interaction; no public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified.
Sandbox escape in macOS Sequoia prior to 15.6 allows local applications with low privileges to break containment via symlink manipulation, potentially accessing restricted system resources and user data. Apple resolved this via improved symlink handling in macOS 15.6. CVSS score of 8.7 reflects high confidentiality and integrity impact with scope change. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though SSVC framework indicates partial technical impact with no current exploitation evidence.
A race condition was addressed with additional validation. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity.
The issue was addressed with improved checks. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity.
Out-of-bounds memory access in Apple media processing affects iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS, allowing remote attackers to trigger unexpected application termination or memory corruption through maliciously crafted media files. The vulnerability requires user interaction (opening/playing the malicious file) but no authentication. Apple has released patched versions for all affected platforms with CVSS 6.3 (moderate severity) and no public exploitation identified at time of analysis.
A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.2), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This Improper Privilege Management vulnerability could allow attackers to escalate privileges to gain unauthorized elevated access.
A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.1), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.
Memory corruption in macOS Sequoia's image processing subsystem allows unauthenticated remote attackers to potentially execute arbitrary code when a user opens a specially crafted image file. Apple has patched this buffer overflow vulnerability in macOS 15.6. With a CVSS score of 8.8 and requiring only user interaction, this represents a significant attack surface for social engineering campaigns. EPSS data not available, but no public exploit or active exploitation confirmed at time of analysis. The SSVC framework rates this as total technical impact, reinforcing the criticality of applying the vendor patch.
This issue was addressed through improved state management. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity.
A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity.
Memory corruption vulnerability in Apple iOS, iPadOS, and macOS allows local attackers to achieve denial of service or potentially arbitrary code execution through malicious file processing. The vulnerability affects iOS and iPadOS versions below 18.6 and macOS Sequoia below 15.6, and has been patched in iOS 18.6, iPadOS 18.6, and macOS Sequoia 15.6. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and CVSS severity is not numerically specified by Apple, though the buffer overflow classification and file processing attack vector indicate moderate to high real-world risk for users who encounter malicious content.
Integer overflow in macOS kernel allows local applications to trigger unexpected system termination (denial of service) on Sequoia, Sonoma, and Ventura systems. The vulnerability requires local execution (AV:L) with no authentication or user interaction, enabling any installed application to crash the system. Apple has released patches addressing this issue in macOS Sequoia 15.6, Sonoma 14.7.7, and Ventura 13.7.7. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been reported at the time of analysis.
Memory corruption in macOS Sequoia image processing allows remote attackers to achieve arbitrary code execution via maliciously crafted images requiring user interaction. Affects macOS Sequoia versions prior to 15.6, with CVSS 8.8 (High) severity due to potential for complete system compromise. EPSS data unavailable; no public exploit identified at time of analysis. Apple addressed the vulnerability through improved memory handling in macOS 15.6 (released June 2025). Attack requires victim to process a weaponized image file, making social engineering or malicious websites likely delivery vectors.
CocoaMQTT library versions prior to 2.2.2 allow remote denial of service when parsing malformed MQTT packets from a broker, causing immediate application crashes on iOS, macOS, and tvOS devices. An attacker or compromised MQTT broker can publish a 4-byte malformed payload with the RETAIN flag to persist it indefinitely, ensuring every vulnerable client that subscribes receives the crash-inducing packet, effectively bricking the application until manual intervention on the broker. The vulnerability requires an authenticated user context (PR:L in CVSS vector) but impacts application availability with high severity; patch version 2.2.2 is available.
Nhost auth service exposes OAuth refresh tokens in redirect URL query parameters, allowing access to browser history, server logs, and proxy logs on owned infrastructure. While refresh tokens are single-use and leak vectors are primarily confined to developer-controlled systems, the vulnerability violates RFC 6749 token transport requirements and enables session hijacking if logs are accessed before the token is legitimately consumed. All OAuth providers (GitHub, Google, Apple) are affected equally through the same vulnerable callback handler.
Stored cross-site scripting (XSS) in Notesnook mobile versions prior to 3.3.17 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary JavaScript in the share editor WebView by injecting malicious HTML through unescaped clip metadata (title, subject, or link-preview data). When a victim opens the Notesnook share flow and selects Web clip, the attacker's payload executes with access to local context and user data. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been confirmed, though the vulnerability requires user interaction to trigger.
Command injection in fastmcp install allows Windows users to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in server names. When installing a server with a name containing characters like `&` (e.g., `fastmcp install claude-code` with server name `test&calc`), the metacharacter is interpreted by cmd.exe during execution of .cmd wrapper scripts, leading to arbitrary command execution with user privileges. This affects Windows systems running claude or gemini CLI installations; macOS and Linux are unaffected. A patch is available via GitHub PR #3522.
ClearanceKit on macOS fails to enforce managed and user-defined file-access policies during startup, allowing local processes to bypass intended access controls until GUI interaction triggers policy reloading. The vulnerability affects ClearanceKit versions prior to 4.2.14, where two startup defects create a window in which only a hardcoded baseline rule is enforced, leaving the system vulnerable to privilege escalation and unauthorized file access. This issue is not confirmed actively exploited, but the trivial attack vector (local, no authentication) and high integrity/system impact make it a meaningful risk for systems relying on ClearanceKit for file-access enforcement.
Fleet device management software versions prior to 4.81.1 are vulnerable to command injection in the software installer pipeline, enabling remote attackers with high privileges to achieve arbitrary code execution as root on macOS/Linux or SYSTEM on Windows when triggering uninstall operations on crafted software packages. The vulnerability requires high privileges and user interaction but delivers complete system compromise on affected managed hosts. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis.
SQL injection in Fleet's Apple MDM profile delivery pipeline before version 4.81.0 allows authenticated attackers with valid MDM enrollment certificates to exfiltrate or modify database contents, including user credentials, API tokens, and device enrollment secrets. This second-order SQL injection vulnerability affects the cpe:2.3:a:fleetdm:fleet product line and requires valid MDM enrollment credentials to exploit, limiting the attack surface to adversaries who have already established trust within the MDM enrollment process. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at the time of this analysis.
A SSRF vulnerability (CVSS 6.5). Remediation should follow standard vulnerability management procedures. Vendor patch is available.
YAML parsing in Node.js and Apple products fails to enforce recursion depth limits, allowing an attacker to trigger a stack overflow with minimal input (2-10 KB of nested flow sequences) that crashes the application with an uncaught RangeError. Applications relying solely on YAML-specific exception handling may fail to catch this error, potentially leading to process termination or service disruption. A patch is available for affected versions.
A stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in the web-based Cisco IOx application hosting environment management interface within Cisco IOS XE Software, allowing authenticated remote attackers with administrative credentials to inject malicious scripts that execute in the context of other users' browser sessions. Successful exploitation enables arbitrary script execution and access to sensitive browser-based information affecting a wide range of Cisco IOS XE versions from 16.6.1 through 17.18.1a. This vulnerability requires valid administrative credentials and user interaction but poses a significant risk in multi-administrator environments where privilege escalation or lateral movement could occur.
A CRLF injection vulnerability exists in the web-based Cisco IOx application hosting environment management interface of Cisco IOS XE Software that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to inject arbitrary log entries and manipulate log file structure. The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation in the Cisco IOx management interface and affects a broad range of Cisco IOS XE Software versions from 16.6.1 through 17.18.1x. A successful exploit enables attackers to obscure legitimate log events, inject malicious log entries, or corrupt log file integrity without requiring authentication, making it particularly dangerous in environments where log analysis is relied upon for security monitoring and compliance.
Insufficient parameter validation in Cisco IOS XE Software's Lobby Ambassador management API allows authenticated remote attackers to bypass access controls and create unauthorized administrative accounts. An attacker with standard Lobby Ambassador credentials can exploit this flaw to escalate privileges and gain full management API access on affected devices. This impacts Cisco and Apple products and currently has no available patch.
Cisco Meraki devices running vulnerable IOS XE Software transmit configuration data over unencrypted channels, enabling remote attackers to intercept sensitive device information through on-path attacks. The vulnerability requires user interaction and network proximity but carries no patch availability, leaving affected organizations exposed until remediation is implemented. This affects both Cisco and Apple products integrating the vulnerable software.
Improper validation of malformed SCP requests in Cisco IOS XE Software allows authenticated local attackers to trigger unexpected device reloads and cause service disruption. An attacker with low privileges can exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted SSH command to the SCP server component. No patch is currently available for this denial of service vulnerability.
Insufficient privilege validation on the start maintenance command in Cisco IOS XE Software enables authenticated local attackers to trigger a denial of service by placing devices into maintenance mode, which disables network interfaces. Low-privileged users can exploit this via CLI access without administrative credentials. Device recovery requires administrator intervention using the stop maintenance command.
This vulnerability in Cisco IOS XE Software bootloader affects Catalyst 9200, ESS9300, IE9310/9320, and IE3500/3505 series switches, allowing authenticated local attackers with level-15 privileges or unauthenticated attackers with physical access to execute arbitrary code at boot time and bypass the chain of trust. An attacker can manipulate loaded binaries to circumvent integrity checks during boot, enabling execution of non-Cisco-signed images. While the CVSS score is 6.1 (Medium), Cisco assigned it a High Security Impact Rating due to the critical nature of breaking the secure boot mechanism, a foundational security control.
A local privilege escalation vulnerability in Apple's Keychain implementation allows an attacker with local access to bypass permissions checking and retrieve sensitive stored credentials and secrets. The vulnerability affects iOS 18.7.7 and earlier, iPadOS 18.7.7 and earlier, iOS 26.4 and earlier, iPadOS 26.4 and earlier, macOS Sequoia 15.7.5 and earlier, macOS Sonoma 14.8.5 and earlier, macOS Tahoe 26.4 and earlier, visionOS 26.4 and earlier, and watchOS 26.4 and earlier. No public exploitation has been confirmed, and patched versions are now available across all affected platforms.
An authorization and state management flaw in Apple's WebKit browser engine allows maliciously crafted webpages to fingerprint users by exploiting improper state handling during web interactions. This vulnerability affects Safari 26.4, iOS 26.4, iPadOS 26.4, macOS Tahoe 26.4, visionOS 26.4, and watchOS 26.4 across all Apple platforms. An attacker can exploit this by hosting a specially crafted webpage that leverages the state management weakness to extract browser or device identifiers without user knowledge, enabling user tracking and profiling attacks. No CVSS score, EPSS data, or public proof-of-concept details are currently available, though Apple has released fixes across all affected platforms.
A permissions enforcement vulnerability in Apple's operating systems allows third-party applications to enumerate installed applications on a user's device without proper authorization. This information disclosure issue affects iOS, iPadOS, macOS, and visionOS versions prior to 26.4, enabling attackers to gain insight into a user's software ecosystem for profiling or targeting purposes. Apple has addressed this with additional access restrictions in the patched versions, though no CVSS score, EPSS data, or known active exploitation has been publicly disclosed.
A logging issue in Apple's operating systems allows improper data redaction in system logs, enabling installed applications to access sensitive user data that should have been masked. This vulnerability affects iOS 18.7.7 and earlier, iPadOS 18.7.7 and earlier, iOS 26.3 and earlier, iPadOS 26.3 and earlier, macOS Sequoia 15.7.5 and earlier, macOS Sonoma 14.8.5 and earlier, macOS Tahoe 26.3 and earlier, and visionOS 26.3 and earlier. An attacker with the ability to install or control an application on an affected device could exploit inadequate log data filtering to extract confidential user information that should be protected by the operating system's redaction mechanisms.
A path handling vulnerability in iOS and iPadOS allows users with physical access to an iOS device to bypass Activation Lock through improved validation gaps in path handling logic. This authentication bypass affects iOS versions prior to 18.7.7 and 26.2, as well as corresponding iPadOS releases. While no CVSS score or EPSS data is publicly available, the physical access requirement and authentication bypass nature indicate a meaningful risk to device security and stolen device protection.
A logging issue in Apple's operating systems allows improper data redaction, potentially enabling applications to disclose kernel memory contents. This information disclosure vulnerability affects iOS and iPadOS (versions prior to 18.7.7 and 26.4), macOS (Sequoia 15.7.5, Sonoma 14.8.5, Tahoe 26.4), visionOS 26.4, and watchOS 26.4. An untrusted application with standard execution privileges could exploit this to read sensitive kernel memory that should have been redacted from logs, potentially exposing cryptographic material, memory addresses useful for ASLR bypass, or other privileged information. No CVSS score, EPSS data, or public proof-of-concept has been disclosed at this time, and this does not appear on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog.
This vulnerability involves improper handling of symbolic links (symlinks) in macOS, which could allow an application to access sensitive user data without proper authorization. The issue affects multiple macOS versions including Sequoia 15.7.5, Sonoma 14.8.5, and Tahoe 26.4, representing an information disclosure vulnerability with potential impact on user privacy. Apple has released patches to address the symlink handling deficiency, though specific attack complexity and exploitation metrics are not publicly detailed.
A permissions enforcement vulnerability in macOS allows applications to modify protected portions of the file system that should be restricted from unauthorized access. This issue affects macOS Sequoia, Sonoma, and Tahoe across multiple versions prior to their patched releases (15.7.5, 14.8.5, and 26.4 respectively). An attacker controlling or tricking a user into running a malicious application could leverage this permissions bypass to modify system-critical files, potentially enabling privilege escalation, persistence mechanisms, or system compromise.
Memory corruption in Apple Safari, iOS, iPadOS, macOS, and visionOS allows remote attackers to crash affected processes by delivering maliciously crafted web content to users. The vulnerability requires user interaction to view the malicious content and does not enable code execution or information disclosure. A patch is currently unavailable for this issue.
Apple iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS are vulnerable to a stack overflow vulnerability that can be triggered by user interaction with a malicious app, potentially causing denial-of-service conditions. The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and affects multiple recent OS versions across Apple's product ecosystem. While no patch is currently available, users should exercise caution when installing apps from untrusted sources.
A file access control vulnerability in macOS Tahoe allows attackers to bypass input validation mechanisms and gain unauthorized access to protected portions of the file system. The vulnerability affects macOS versions prior to Tahoe 26.4, and has been classified as an Information Disclosure issue by Apple. An attacker exploiting this vulnerability can read or access files and directories that should be restricted from their privilege level, potentially exposing sensitive user data, system configuration files, or other protected resources.
An authorization flaw in macOS Tahoe allows applications to bypass access controls and retrieve protected user data due to improper state management during permission checks. Apple has addressed this vulnerability in macOS Tahoe 26.4, and all versions prior to 26.4 remain vulnerable. Affected users should prioritize upgrading to the patched version to prevent unauthorized data access by malicious or compromised applications.
Xcode versions prior to 26.4 contain an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that can be triggered by local users with user interaction to cause unexpected application or system termination. This denial-of-service condition affects developers and build systems using vulnerable Xcode installations. No patch is currently available.
This vulnerability allows attackers to bypass Content Security Policy (CSP) enforcement in Apple's WebKit engine through maliciously crafted web content, affecting Safari and all Apple platforms including iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS. The vulnerability stems from improper state management during web content processing, enabling attackers to circumvent a critical security control that prevents injection attacks and unauthorized script execution. While no CVSS score or EPSS data is currently available, the broad platform impact across Apple's entire ecosystem and the fundamental nature of CSP bypass as an information disclosure vector indicate significant real-world risk.
A permissions enforcement vulnerability in macOS allows unauthorized applications to access sensitive user data due to insufficient access controls that have been remediated through code removal. The vulnerability affects macOS Sequoia (versions prior to 15.7.5), macOS Sonoma (versions prior to 14.8.5), and macOS Tahoe (versions prior to 26.4). An unprivileged application could potentially read or access protected user information without proper user consent or authorization, representing a confidentiality breach with moderate real-world impact depending on the specific data accessible.
Improper path validation in Apple macOS Tahoe allows unauthenticated remote attackers to read sensitive user data through directory path traversal. The vulnerability requires no user interaction and affects systems prior to macOS Tahoe 26.4. No patch is currently available for this medium-severity issue.
Denial-of-service attacks against multiple Apple platforms (iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS) result from improper null pointer handling that allows attackers in privileged network positions to crash affected systems. An attacker exploiting this CWE-476 vulnerability can render devices unavailable without user interaction. No patch is currently available, requiring users to apply mitigations until updates are released.
An input validation flaw in iOS and iPadOS allows malicious applications to bypass security controls and access sensitive user data without proper authorization. The vulnerability affects iOS and iPadOS versions prior to 26.3, where insufficient input validation in an unspecified component permits unauthorized data disclosure. Apple has patched this vulnerability in iOS 26.3 and iPadOS 26.3, and there are no public indicators of active exploitation or proof-of-concept availability.
An authorization bypass vulnerability in macOS allows applications to access sensitive user data through improper state management of access controls. The vulnerability affects macOS Sequoia (before 15.7.5), macOS Sonoma (before 14.8.5), and macOS Tahoe (before 26.4). While no CVSS score, EPSS data, or KEV status is currently published, Apple has released patches addressing this issue, indicating it was discovered through internal review rather than active exploitation.
Maliciously crafted media files containing out-of-bounds memory access in Apple's audio processing can crash affected applications across iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS. An attacker can trigger a denial of service by triggering the vulnerability through a specially crafted audio stream, though no patch is currently available. This impacts multiple recent OS versions where an out-of-bounds read occurs during media file processing.
A privacy vulnerability in macOS Tahoe allows applications to access sensitive user data that should have been protected through proper data isolation. The vulnerability affects macOS versions prior to 26.4, where sensitive data was not adequately segregated from application access. An attacker or malicious application could exploit this flaw to read protected user information without proper authorization, representing a direct information disclosure risk.
This vulnerability allows unauthorized applications to access sensitive user data on affected macOS systems through improved security checks that were insufficient in earlier versions. The issue affects macOS Sequoia (versions prior to 15.7.5), macOS Sonoma (versions prior to 14.8.5), and macOS Tahoe (versions prior to 26.4). An attacker with the ability to execute a malicious application on a vulnerable system could potentially read or exfiltrate sensitive user information that should be protected by macOS security controls. There is no evidence of active exploitation in the wild or public proof-of-concept availability, and the limited disclosure details suggest Apple addressed this proactively before widespread abuse.
A privacy vulnerability in Apple's operating systems allows third-party applications to enumerate a user's installed applications, resulting in unauthorized information disclosure about device software inventory. The vulnerability affects iOS and iPadOS versions prior to 18.7.7 and 26.4, macOS Sonoma prior to 14.8.5, macOS Tahoe 26.4, tvOS 26.4, visionOS 26.4, and watchOS 26.4 across all affected product lines. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by crafting a malicious application that leverages the enumeration capability to profile a user's installed software, potentially enabling further targeted attacks or privacy inference attacks based on application usage patterns.
This vulnerability is a privacy issue in Apple macOS where improved private data redaction for log entries was not properly implemented, allowing applications to potentially access user-sensitive data that should have been redacted. The vulnerability affects macOS Sequoia 15.7.5, macOS Sonoma 14.8.5, and macOS Tahoe 26.4, with no public indicators of active exploitation or proof-of-concept code. While CVSS and EPSS scores are unavailable, the nature of the issue suggests moderate real-world risk due to its reliance on application-level exploitation requiring user interaction or system access.
A permissions enforcement vulnerability in macOS allows applications to bypass sandbox restrictions and access sensitive user data without proper authorization. The issue affects macOS Sequoia (versions before 15.7.5), macOS Sonoma (versions before 14.8.5), and macOS Tahoe (versions before 26.4). Apple has patched this vulnerability through enhanced permission restrictions, but no public exploit code or active in-the-wild exploitation has been confirmed at this time.
macOS systems running Sequoia 15.7.4 or earlier, Sonoma 14.8.4 or earlier, and Tahoe 26.3 or earlier contain a use-after-free vulnerability in SMB share handling that could allow an attacker to crash the operating system by mounting a specially crafted network share. The vulnerability requires user interaction to mount the malicious share and results in denial of service rather than code execution or data compromise. No patch is currently available for this vulnerability.
Root-privileged applications on Apple macOS can bypass path validation to delete protected system files due to insufficient input sanitization. This affects macOS Tahoe 26.4 and requires the attacker to already have root-level access, limiting the attack surface to local privilege escalation scenarios. No patch is currently available.
A logging issue in Apple macOS allows applications to access sensitive user data that should have been redacted from logs. The vulnerability affects macOS Sequoia (versions before 15.7.5), macOS Sonoma (versions before 14.8.5), and macOS Tahoe (versions before 26.4). An attacker controlling a malicious app could exploit improper data redaction in system logging to exfiltrate sensitive information that was intended to be masked.
A sandbox escape vulnerability in Apple's WebKit browser engine allows malicious websites to process restricted web content outside the security sandbox, potentially enabling unauthorized access to protected system resources. The vulnerability affects Safari and all Apple operating systems including iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS. Apple has addressed this issue through improved memory handling in Safari 26.4 and corresponding OS updates across all affected platforms.
Type confusion in Apple's iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS allows local attackers to trigger unexpected application termination through memory corruption. The vulnerability affects multiple OS versions and currently lacks a publicly available patch. An attacker with local access can exploit this to cause denial of service by crashing targeted applications.
macOS systems running Sequoia 15.7.4 and earlier, Sonoma 14.8.4 and earlier, or Tahoe 26.3 and earlier are vulnerable to a race condition in application state handling that allows local attackers to trigger unexpected system termination and cause denial of service. The vulnerability requires specific timing conditions but does not require user interaction or elevated privileges to exploit. Apple has released patches for affected versions, though exploitation likelihood remains low.
A permissions issue across Apple's ecosystem allows applications to fingerprint users by accessing information that should be restricted. The vulnerability affects iOS and iPadOS versions prior to 26.4, tvOS prior to 26.4, visionOS prior to 26.4, and watchOS prior to 26.4. Attackers can exploit this by deploying a malicious app that leverages inadequate permission restrictions to collect device and user identifiers for tracking and profiling purposes. The issue has been addressed by Apple through additional permission restrictions in the patched versions, indicating this is a known vulnerability with an available fix.
Apple's iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS contain a use-after-free vulnerability that could allow remote attackers to crash affected applications by processing maliciously crafted web content. The vulnerability stems from improper memory management and requires user interaction to exploit. No patch is currently available, leaving users vulnerable until official updates are released.
A sandbox escape vulnerability in macOS allows malicious applications to break out of their sandbox restrictions through a permissions issue. This affects macOS Sequoia (versions prior to 15.7.5), macOS Sonoma (versions prior to 14.8.5), and macOS Tahoe (versions prior to 26.4). An attacker who distributes a malicious app could potentially gain unauthorized access to system resources and user data that should be protected by the sandbox security boundary.
A permissions enforcement vulnerability in Apple operating systems allows unauthorized enumeration of installed applications on a user's device. This information disclosure issue affects iOS 18.7.7 and earlier, iPadOS 18.7.7 and earlier, iOS 26.4 and earlier, iPadOS 26.4 and earlier, macOS Sequoia 15.7.5 and earlier, macOS Sonoma 14.8.5 and earlier, macOS Tahoe 26.4 and earlier, and visionOS 26.4 and earlier. An attacker with the ability to execute code as an installed application could enumerate the complete list of user-installed applications without explicit user permission, enabling targeted attacks, privacy violations, and device profiling.
This vulnerability allows an attacker with physical access to a locked Apple device to view sensitive user information through an authentication bypass. The issue affects iOS and iPadOS versions prior to 26.4, visionOS prior to 26.4, and watchOS prior to 26.4 across all affected device lines. Apple has patched this through improved authentication mechanisms, and while no CVSS score, EPSS data, or known exploits-in-the-wild status are publicly disclosed, the physical access requirement and information disclosure impact characterize this as a moderate-priority security update for users in environments with theft or unauthorized device access risks.
A bypass vulnerability exists in iOS and iPadOS Stolen Device Protection that allows an attacker with physical access to an iOS device to circumvent biometric authentication and access protected apps using only the device passcode. This vulnerability affects devices running iOS and iPadOS versions prior to 26.4, where Stolen Device Protection is enabled. An attacker gaining physical possession of a locked device can exploit this flaw to access biometrics-gated Protected Apps, effectively defeating the intended security mechanism that requires biometric verification (Face ID or Touch ID) in addition to the passcode for sensitive app access.
Denial of service in Apple iOS, iPadOS, and macOS due to a use-after-free memory corruption vulnerability allows local attackers to trigger unexpected system termination. The flaw affects multiple Apple platforms including iOS 18.x, macOS Sequoia, Sonoma, and Tahoe versions. No patch is currently available.
A downgrade vulnerability affecting Intel-based Mac computers allows malicious applications to bypass code-signing restrictions and access user-sensitive data. The vulnerability impacts macOS Sequoia (versions before 15.7.5), macOS Sonoma (versions before 14.8.5), macOS Tahoe (versions before 26.3 and 26.4), and affects all Intel-based Mac systems running vulnerable versions. An attacker can craft an application that exploits insufficient code-signing validation to downgrade security protections and exfiltrate sensitive user information.
An information disclosure vulnerability in macOS allows applications to determine kernel memory layout through improper memory management, enabling potential attacks that rely on kernel address space layout randomization (KASLR) bypass. This issue affects macOS Sequoia (before 15.7.5), macOS Sonoma (before 14.8.5), and macOS Tahoe (before 26.4). An unprivileged application can exploit this to leak kernel memory addresses, which is a critical prerequisite for more sophisticated kernel exploitation attacks. No CVSS score, EPSS probability, or evidence of active exploitation in CISA KEV catalog has been published, though the vulnerability was patched by Apple across three major OS versions, suggesting it was discovered through responsible disclosure rather than in-the-wild exploitation.
A logic error in Apple's script message handler implementation allows malicious websites to access script message handlers intended for other origins, resulting in unauthorized cross-origin information disclosure. This vulnerability affects Safari 26.4 and earlier, iOS/iPadOS 18.7.7 and earlier, macOS Tahoe 26.4 and earlier, and visionOS 26.4 and earlier. An attacker can craft a malicious website that exploits improper state management in the message handler routing mechanism to intercept sensitive data intended for legitimate web applications, potentially exposing authentication tokens, user data, or other confidential information passed through script messaging interfaces.
This vulnerability involves improper handling of symbolic links in Apple operating systems that could allow an application to access user-sensitive data without proper authorization. The flaw affects iOS and iPadOS versions prior to 26.3, macOS Sequoia versions prior to 15.7.4, macOS Sonoma versions prior to 14.8.4, and macOS Tahoe versions prior to 26.3 and 26.4. An attacker with the ability to execute code in a sandboxed application context could potentially bypass security restrictions to access protected user information, though no active exploitation in the wild has been confirmed at this time.
An information disclosure vulnerability in macOS Tahoe allows applications to access sensitive user data through insufficient access controls. The vulnerability affects all versions of macOS prior to version 26.4, where the flaw was remediated through improved permission checking mechanisms. While specific technical details are limited, the vulnerability enables malicious or compromised applications to bypass privacy protections and exfiltrate user information.
An authorization bypass vulnerability in Apple's operating systems allows third-party applications to access sensitive user data through improper state management during authorization checks. The vulnerability affects iOS/iPadOS 26.4 and earlier, macOS Sequoia 15.7.5 and earlier, macOS Tahoe 26.4 and earlier, visionOS 26.4 and earlier, and watchOS 26.4 and earlier across multiple Apple devices and platforms. An attacker can exploit this by crafting a malicious application that circumvents authorization controls to read protected user information without explicit user consent. No CVSS score, EPSS probability, or active exploitation status has been disclosed by Apple, though the vulnerability spans all major Apple operating systems indicating broad platform impact.
Improper memory handling in Apple iOS, iPadOS, and macOS allows remote denial of service when processing maliciously crafted files, potentially causing unexpected application crashes. An attacker can trigger this vulnerability by delivering a specially crafted file to a victim, resulting in app termination without requiring user privileges or interaction beyond opening the file. No patch is currently available for this medium-severity vulnerability affecting multiple Apple platforms.
An information disclosure vulnerability in Apple's operating systems allows applications to enumerate a user's installed apps without proper authorization. This affects iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS versions prior to 26.4. An attacker can distribute a malicious app that queries the system to discover what applications a user has installed, potentially enabling targeted attacks or privacy violations. No CVSS score, EPSS data, or known public exploits are currently documented, but the vulnerability has been fixed across all Apple platforms, indicating Apple assessed this as requiring immediate remediation.
This vulnerability affects Apple's Safari browser and related Apple operating systems (iOS, iPadOS, macOS Tahoe, and visionOS) due to improper memory handling when processing maliciously crafted web content. The flaw can lead to unexpected process crashes, resulting in a denial of service condition affecting all users of the impacted Safari versions and OS versions below 26.4. While no CVSS score or EPSS data is currently published, the vulnerability has been patched by Apple, suggesting it was discovered through internal security review or responsible disclosure rather than active exploitation.
macOS Tahoe versions prior to 26.4 contain a buffer overflow vulnerability that can cause denial of service through unexpected application termination or memory corruption when exploited by local attackers. The vulnerability stems from insufficient size validation in memory operations and requires no user interaction to trigger. No patch is currently available for affected systems.
Unauthorized file deletion in macOS Sequoia, Sonoma, and Tahoe allows unprivileged applications to delete files without proper permissions due to insufficient path validation. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability through a malicious app to remove sensitive files outside the application's intended scope. This medium-severity local vulnerability affects multiple recent macOS versions and currently has no available patch.
A permissions enforcement vulnerability in macOS allows applications to bypass security restrictions and access protected user data due to insufficient authorization checks. This issue affects macOS Sequoia (prior to 15.7.5), macOS Sonoma (prior to 14.8.5), and macOS Tahoe (prior to 26.4). An attacker with the ability to execute an application on the affected system could potentially access sensitive user information without proper user consent or authorization. No CVSS score, EPSS data, or active exploitation in the wild (KEV status) has been disclosed by Apple.
An information leakage vulnerability affecting Apple's operating systems across multiple platforms (iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS) allows third-party applications to access sensitive user data through insufficient validation mechanisms. The vulnerability impacts all versions prior to the 26.4 release across affected platforms, enabling malicious or compromised applications to bypass access controls and exfiltrate private user information. While no CVSS score, EPSS data, or active exploitation in the wild has been publicly disclosed, the breadth of affected platforms and the fundamental nature of information disclosure vulnerabilities suggest moderate to significant real-world risk.
WebKitGTK and WPE WebKit contain an API design flaw that allows untrusted web content to bypass the WebPage::send-request signal handler and perform unapproved network operations including IP connections, DNS lookups, and HTTP requests. The vulnerability affects applications across Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6-9 that rely on this signal to control network access. A remote attacker can trigger these bypassed requests via crafted web content with only user interaction (UI:R), resulting in limited confidentiality impact (C:L) without code execution.
Notification data retention in Apple iOS and iPadOS exposes deleted notification content to local access due to insufficient log redaction. Devices running iOS/iPadOS prior to 18.7.8 or 26.4.2 retain notification payloads after user deletion, constituting a CWE-359 private information exposure. No active exploitation is confirmed (not in CISA KEV), EPSS sits at 0.02% (5th percentile), and SSVC assessment classifies exploitation as none - indicating low real-world threat velocity despite a CVSS confidentiality impact of High.
Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) symlink race condition vulnerability in uutils coreutils affects directory traversal operations on macOS and FreeBSD because the safe_traversal module's file-descriptor-relative syscall protections are incorrectly limited to Linux targets only. Local authenticated attackers with limited privileges can exploit this race condition to read or modify files via symlink manipulation, though exploitation requires specific timing conditions and is not automatable. EPSS and CISA SSVC assessment indicate partial technical impact with no evidence of active exploitation.
Memory leak in the Linux kernel HID Apple driver causes gradual kernel memory exhaustion on systems connected to Apple HID peripherals. The `apple_report_fixup()` function in `drivers/hid/hid-apple.c` allocates a new buffer via `kmemdup()` each time an Apple device descriptor is processed, but the HID core caller never frees it because the API contract only guarantees lifetime management for pointers returned into the original descriptor buffer. Patches are available across all actively maintained stable branches (6.1, 6.6, 6.12, 6.18, 6.19, 7.0); no active exploitation has been confirmed and EPSS stands at 0.02%.
Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) in goshs v2.0.0-beta.5 allows an attacker to trick an authenticated user's browser into performing file deletions and directory creations via specially crafted HTTP GET requests. The server relies solely on HTTP basic authentication and lacks CSRF protections, enabling an attacker-controlled webpage to embed image tags that trigger these destructive actions. A public proof-of-concept exploit exists, but no active exploitation in the wild has been reported and the EPSS score is low (0.02%).
ClearanceKit for macOS prior to version 5.0.4-beta-1f46165 fails to validate destination paths in dual-path file operations (rename, link, copyfile, exchangedata, clone), allowing authenticated local processes to bypass file-access protection and place or replace files in protected directories. The vulnerability affects all versions before 5.0.4-beta-1f46165 and has been patched; no public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at the time of analysis.
UI spoofing in Google Chrome on iOS prior to version 147.0.7727.55 allows remote attackers to deceive users through malicious HTML pages that manipulate the Omnibox security indicator, enabling phishing or credential theft without code execution. The vulnerability requires user interaction and has low confidentiality impact, reflected in both the CVSS score of 4.3 and minimal EPSS score of 0.03%, indicating limited real-world exploitation likelihood despite public discoverability.
Google Chrome on iOS prior to version 147.0.7727.55 contains an Omnibox (URL bar) spoofing vulnerability that allows remote attackers to display misleading domain names to users through crafted domains, potentially enabling phishing attacks. The vulnerability requires user interaction (clicking a link) and affects iOS-specific browser UI rendering. While assigned a low Chromium security severity and rated 5.4 CVSS, the practical exploitation probability remains minimal (0.03% EPSS) due to the high user-interaction requirement and limited information-disclosure impact.
Remote code execution in Tophat mobile testing harness prior to 2.5.1 allows authenticated network attackers to execute arbitrary commands on a developer's macOS workstation via unsanitized URL query parameters passed directly to bash. The vulnerability affects any developer with Tophat installed, with commands executing under the user's permissions and no confirmation dialog for previously trusted build hosts. This was fixed in version 2.5.1.
Out-of-bounds heap read in Electron's single-instance lock mechanism on macOS and Linux allows local attackers with same-user privileges to leak sensitive application memory through crafted second-instance messages. Affected Electron versions prior to 41.0.0, 40.8.1, 39.8.1, and 38.8.6 are vulnerable only if applications explicitly call app.requestSingleInstanceLock(); no public exploit code is currently identified, but the CVSS 5.3 score reflects moderate confidentiality impact combined with local attack complexity requirements.
Type confusion in macOS memory handling allows local attackers to cause unexpected app termination through crafted user interaction, affecting macOS Sequoia before 15.6, Sonoma before 14.7.7, and Ventura before 13.7.7. With a CVSS score of 3.3 and SSVC exploitation status of 'none', this represents a low-severity local denial-of-service condition requiring user interaction; no public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified.
Sandbox escape in macOS Sequoia prior to 15.6 allows local applications with low privileges to break containment via symlink manipulation, potentially accessing restricted system resources and user data. Apple resolved this via improved symlink handling in macOS 15.6. CVSS score of 8.7 reflects high confidentiality and integrity impact with scope change. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though SSVC framework indicates partial technical impact with no current exploitation evidence.
A race condition was addressed with additional validation. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity.
The issue was addressed with improved checks. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity.
Out-of-bounds memory access in Apple media processing affects iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS, allowing remote attackers to trigger unexpected application termination or memory corruption through maliciously crafted media files. The vulnerability requires user interaction (opening/playing the malicious file) but no authentication. Apple has released patched versions for all affected platforms with CVSS 6.3 (moderate severity) and no public exploitation identified at time of analysis.
A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.2), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This Improper Privilege Management vulnerability could allow attackers to escalate privileges to gain unauthorized elevated access.
A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.1), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.
Memory corruption in macOS Sequoia's image processing subsystem allows unauthenticated remote attackers to potentially execute arbitrary code when a user opens a specially crafted image file. Apple has patched this buffer overflow vulnerability in macOS 15.6. With a CVSS score of 8.8 and requiring only user interaction, this represents a significant attack surface for social engineering campaigns. EPSS data not available, but no public exploit or active exploitation confirmed at time of analysis. The SSVC framework rates this as total technical impact, reinforcing the criticality of applying the vendor patch.
This issue was addressed through improved state management. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity.
A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity.
Memory corruption vulnerability in Apple iOS, iPadOS, and macOS allows local attackers to achieve denial of service or potentially arbitrary code execution through malicious file processing. The vulnerability affects iOS and iPadOS versions below 18.6 and macOS Sequoia below 15.6, and has been patched in iOS 18.6, iPadOS 18.6, and macOS Sequoia 15.6. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and CVSS severity is not numerically specified by Apple, though the buffer overflow classification and file processing attack vector indicate moderate to high real-world risk for users who encounter malicious content.
Integer overflow in macOS kernel allows local applications to trigger unexpected system termination (denial of service) on Sequoia, Sonoma, and Ventura systems. The vulnerability requires local execution (AV:L) with no authentication or user interaction, enabling any installed application to crash the system. Apple has released patches addressing this issue in macOS Sequoia 15.6, Sonoma 14.7.7, and Ventura 13.7.7. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been reported at the time of analysis.
Memory corruption in macOS Sequoia image processing allows remote attackers to achieve arbitrary code execution via maliciously crafted images requiring user interaction. Affects macOS Sequoia versions prior to 15.6, with CVSS 8.8 (High) severity due to potential for complete system compromise. EPSS data unavailable; no public exploit identified at time of analysis. Apple addressed the vulnerability through improved memory handling in macOS 15.6 (released June 2025). Attack requires victim to process a weaponized image file, making social engineering or malicious websites likely delivery vectors.
CocoaMQTT library versions prior to 2.2.2 allow remote denial of service when parsing malformed MQTT packets from a broker, causing immediate application crashes on iOS, macOS, and tvOS devices. An attacker or compromised MQTT broker can publish a 4-byte malformed payload with the RETAIN flag to persist it indefinitely, ensuring every vulnerable client that subscribes receives the crash-inducing packet, effectively bricking the application until manual intervention on the broker. The vulnerability requires an authenticated user context (PR:L in CVSS vector) but impacts application availability with high severity; patch version 2.2.2 is available.
Nhost auth service exposes OAuth refresh tokens in redirect URL query parameters, allowing access to browser history, server logs, and proxy logs on owned infrastructure. While refresh tokens are single-use and leak vectors are primarily confined to developer-controlled systems, the vulnerability violates RFC 6749 token transport requirements and enables session hijacking if logs are accessed before the token is legitimately consumed. All OAuth providers (GitHub, Google, Apple) are affected equally through the same vulnerable callback handler.
Stored cross-site scripting (XSS) in Notesnook mobile versions prior to 3.3.17 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary JavaScript in the share editor WebView by injecting malicious HTML through unescaped clip metadata (title, subject, or link-preview data). When a victim opens the Notesnook share flow and selects Web clip, the attacker's payload executes with access to local context and user data. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been confirmed, though the vulnerability requires user interaction to trigger.
Command injection in fastmcp install allows Windows users to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in server names. When installing a server with a name containing characters like `&` (e.g., `fastmcp install claude-code` with server name `test&calc`), the metacharacter is interpreted by cmd.exe during execution of .cmd wrapper scripts, leading to arbitrary command execution with user privileges. This affects Windows systems running claude or gemini CLI installations; macOS and Linux are unaffected. A patch is available via GitHub PR #3522.
ClearanceKit on macOS fails to enforce managed and user-defined file-access policies during startup, allowing local processes to bypass intended access controls until GUI interaction triggers policy reloading. The vulnerability affects ClearanceKit versions prior to 4.2.14, where two startup defects create a window in which only a hardcoded baseline rule is enforced, leaving the system vulnerable to privilege escalation and unauthorized file access. This issue is not confirmed actively exploited, but the trivial attack vector (local, no authentication) and high integrity/system impact make it a meaningful risk for systems relying on ClearanceKit for file-access enforcement.
Fleet device management software versions prior to 4.81.1 are vulnerable to command injection in the software installer pipeline, enabling remote attackers with high privileges to achieve arbitrary code execution as root on macOS/Linux or SYSTEM on Windows when triggering uninstall operations on crafted software packages. The vulnerability requires high privileges and user interaction but delivers complete system compromise on affected managed hosts. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis.
SQL injection in Fleet's Apple MDM profile delivery pipeline before version 4.81.0 allows authenticated attackers with valid MDM enrollment certificates to exfiltrate or modify database contents, including user credentials, API tokens, and device enrollment secrets. This second-order SQL injection vulnerability affects the cpe:2.3:a:fleetdm:fleet product line and requires valid MDM enrollment credentials to exploit, limiting the attack surface to adversaries who have already established trust within the MDM enrollment process. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at the time of this analysis.
A SSRF vulnerability (CVSS 6.5). Remediation should follow standard vulnerability management procedures. Vendor patch is available.
YAML parsing in Node.js and Apple products fails to enforce recursion depth limits, allowing an attacker to trigger a stack overflow with minimal input (2-10 KB of nested flow sequences) that crashes the application with an uncaught RangeError. Applications relying solely on YAML-specific exception handling may fail to catch this error, potentially leading to process termination or service disruption. A patch is available for affected versions.
A stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in the web-based Cisco IOx application hosting environment management interface within Cisco IOS XE Software, allowing authenticated remote attackers with administrative credentials to inject malicious scripts that execute in the context of other users' browser sessions. Successful exploitation enables arbitrary script execution and access to sensitive browser-based information affecting a wide range of Cisco IOS XE versions from 16.6.1 through 17.18.1a. This vulnerability requires valid administrative credentials and user interaction but poses a significant risk in multi-administrator environments where privilege escalation or lateral movement could occur.
A CRLF injection vulnerability exists in the web-based Cisco IOx application hosting environment management interface of Cisco IOS XE Software that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to inject arbitrary log entries and manipulate log file structure. The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation in the Cisco IOx management interface and affects a broad range of Cisco IOS XE Software versions from 16.6.1 through 17.18.1x. A successful exploit enables attackers to obscure legitimate log events, inject malicious log entries, or corrupt log file integrity without requiring authentication, making it particularly dangerous in environments where log analysis is relied upon for security monitoring and compliance.
Insufficient parameter validation in Cisco IOS XE Software's Lobby Ambassador management API allows authenticated remote attackers to bypass access controls and create unauthorized administrative accounts. An attacker with standard Lobby Ambassador credentials can exploit this flaw to escalate privileges and gain full management API access on affected devices. This impacts Cisco and Apple products and currently has no available patch.
Cisco Meraki devices running vulnerable IOS XE Software transmit configuration data over unencrypted channels, enabling remote attackers to intercept sensitive device information through on-path attacks. The vulnerability requires user interaction and network proximity but carries no patch availability, leaving affected organizations exposed until remediation is implemented. This affects both Cisco and Apple products integrating the vulnerable software.
Improper validation of malformed SCP requests in Cisco IOS XE Software allows authenticated local attackers to trigger unexpected device reloads and cause service disruption. An attacker with low privileges can exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted SSH command to the SCP server component. No patch is currently available for this denial of service vulnerability.
Insufficient privilege validation on the start maintenance command in Cisco IOS XE Software enables authenticated local attackers to trigger a denial of service by placing devices into maintenance mode, which disables network interfaces. Low-privileged users can exploit this via CLI access without administrative credentials. Device recovery requires administrator intervention using the stop maintenance command.
This vulnerability in Cisco IOS XE Software bootloader affects Catalyst 9200, ESS9300, IE9310/9320, and IE3500/3505 series switches, allowing authenticated local attackers with level-15 privileges or unauthenticated attackers with physical access to execute arbitrary code at boot time and bypass the chain of trust. An attacker can manipulate loaded binaries to circumvent integrity checks during boot, enabling execution of non-Cisco-signed images. While the CVSS score is 6.1 (Medium), Cisco assigned it a High Security Impact Rating due to the critical nature of breaking the secure boot mechanism, a foundational security control.
A local privilege escalation vulnerability in Apple's Keychain implementation allows an attacker with local access to bypass permissions checking and retrieve sensitive stored credentials and secrets. The vulnerability affects iOS 18.7.7 and earlier, iPadOS 18.7.7 and earlier, iOS 26.4 and earlier, iPadOS 26.4 and earlier, macOS Sequoia 15.7.5 and earlier, macOS Sonoma 14.8.5 and earlier, macOS Tahoe 26.4 and earlier, visionOS 26.4 and earlier, and watchOS 26.4 and earlier. No public exploitation has been confirmed, and patched versions are now available across all affected platforms.
An authorization and state management flaw in Apple's WebKit browser engine allows maliciously crafted webpages to fingerprint users by exploiting improper state handling during web interactions. This vulnerability affects Safari 26.4, iOS 26.4, iPadOS 26.4, macOS Tahoe 26.4, visionOS 26.4, and watchOS 26.4 across all Apple platforms. An attacker can exploit this by hosting a specially crafted webpage that leverages the state management weakness to extract browser or device identifiers without user knowledge, enabling user tracking and profiling attacks. No CVSS score, EPSS data, or public proof-of-concept details are currently available, though Apple has released fixes across all affected platforms.
A permissions enforcement vulnerability in Apple's operating systems allows third-party applications to enumerate installed applications on a user's device without proper authorization. This information disclosure issue affects iOS, iPadOS, macOS, and visionOS versions prior to 26.4, enabling attackers to gain insight into a user's software ecosystem for profiling or targeting purposes. Apple has addressed this with additional access restrictions in the patched versions, though no CVSS score, EPSS data, or known active exploitation has been publicly disclosed.
A logging issue in Apple's operating systems allows improper data redaction in system logs, enabling installed applications to access sensitive user data that should have been masked. This vulnerability affects iOS 18.7.7 and earlier, iPadOS 18.7.7 and earlier, iOS 26.3 and earlier, iPadOS 26.3 and earlier, macOS Sequoia 15.7.5 and earlier, macOS Sonoma 14.8.5 and earlier, macOS Tahoe 26.3 and earlier, and visionOS 26.3 and earlier. An attacker with the ability to install or control an application on an affected device could exploit inadequate log data filtering to extract confidential user information that should be protected by the operating system's redaction mechanisms.
A path handling vulnerability in iOS and iPadOS allows users with physical access to an iOS device to bypass Activation Lock through improved validation gaps in path handling logic. This authentication bypass affects iOS versions prior to 18.7.7 and 26.2, as well as corresponding iPadOS releases. While no CVSS score or EPSS data is publicly available, the physical access requirement and authentication bypass nature indicate a meaningful risk to device security and stolen device protection.
A logging issue in Apple's operating systems allows improper data redaction, potentially enabling applications to disclose kernel memory contents. This information disclosure vulnerability affects iOS and iPadOS (versions prior to 18.7.7 and 26.4), macOS (Sequoia 15.7.5, Sonoma 14.8.5, Tahoe 26.4), visionOS 26.4, and watchOS 26.4. An untrusted application with standard execution privileges could exploit this to read sensitive kernel memory that should have been redacted from logs, potentially exposing cryptographic material, memory addresses useful for ASLR bypass, or other privileged information. No CVSS score, EPSS data, or public proof-of-concept has been disclosed at this time, and this does not appear on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog.
This vulnerability involves improper handling of symbolic links (symlinks) in macOS, which could allow an application to access sensitive user data without proper authorization. The issue affects multiple macOS versions including Sequoia 15.7.5, Sonoma 14.8.5, and Tahoe 26.4, representing an information disclosure vulnerability with potential impact on user privacy. Apple has released patches to address the symlink handling deficiency, though specific attack complexity and exploitation metrics are not publicly detailed.
A permissions enforcement vulnerability in macOS allows applications to modify protected portions of the file system that should be restricted from unauthorized access. This issue affects macOS Sequoia, Sonoma, and Tahoe across multiple versions prior to their patched releases (15.7.5, 14.8.5, and 26.4 respectively). An attacker controlling or tricking a user into running a malicious application could leverage this permissions bypass to modify system-critical files, potentially enabling privilege escalation, persistence mechanisms, or system compromise.
Memory corruption in Apple Safari, iOS, iPadOS, macOS, and visionOS allows remote attackers to crash affected processes by delivering maliciously crafted web content to users. The vulnerability requires user interaction to view the malicious content and does not enable code execution or information disclosure. A patch is currently unavailable for this issue.
Apple iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS are vulnerable to a stack overflow vulnerability that can be triggered by user interaction with a malicious app, potentially causing denial-of-service conditions. The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and affects multiple recent OS versions across Apple's product ecosystem. While no patch is currently available, users should exercise caution when installing apps from untrusted sources.
A file access control vulnerability in macOS Tahoe allows attackers to bypass input validation mechanisms and gain unauthorized access to protected portions of the file system. The vulnerability affects macOS versions prior to Tahoe 26.4, and has been classified as an Information Disclosure issue by Apple. An attacker exploiting this vulnerability can read or access files and directories that should be restricted from their privilege level, potentially exposing sensitive user data, system configuration files, or other protected resources.
An authorization flaw in macOS Tahoe allows applications to bypass access controls and retrieve protected user data due to improper state management during permission checks. Apple has addressed this vulnerability in macOS Tahoe 26.4, and all versions prior to 26.4 remain vulnerable. Affected users should prioritize upgrading to the patched version to prevent unauthorized data access by malicious or compromised applications.
Xcode versions prior to 26.4 contain an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that can be triggered by local users with user interaction to cause unexpected application or system termination. This denial-of-service condition affects developers and build systems using vulnerable Xcode installations. No patch is currently available.
This vulnerability allows attackers to bypass Content Security Policy (CSP) enforcement in Apple's WebKit engine through maliciously crafted web content, affecting Safari and all Apple platforms including iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS. The vulnerability stems from improper state management during web content processing, enabling attackers to circumvent a critical security control that prevents injection attacks and unauthorized script execution. While no CVSS score or EPSS data is currently available, the broad platform impact across Apple's entire ecosystem and the fundamental nature of CSP bypass as an information disclosure vector indicate significant real-world risk.
A permissions enforcement vulnerability in macOS allows unauthorized applications to access sensitive user data due to insufficient access controls that have been remediated through code removal. The vulnerability affects macOS Sequoia (versions prior to 15.7.5), macOS Sonoma (versions prior to 14.8.5), and macOS Tahoe (versions prior to 26.4). An unprivileged application could potentially read or access protected user information without proper user consent or authorization, representing a confidentiality breach with moderate real-world impact depending on the specific data accessible.
Improper path validation in Apple macOS Tahoe allows unauthenticated remote attackers to read sensitive user data through directory path traversal. The vulnerability requires no user interaction and affects systems prior to macOS Tahoe 26.4. No patch is currently available for this medium-severity issue.
Denial-of-service attacks against multiple Apple platforms (iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS) result from improper null pointer handling that allows attackers in privileged network positions to crash affected systems. An attacker exploiting this CWE-476 vulnerability can render devices unavailable without user interaction. No patch is currently available, requiring users to apply mitigations until updates are released.
An input validation flaw in iOS and iPadOS allows malicious applications to bypass security controls and access sensitive user data without proper authorization. The vulnerability affects iOS and iPadOS versions prior to 26.3, where insufficient input validation in an unspecified component permits unauthorized data disclosure. Apple has patched this vulnerability in iOS 26.3 and iPadOS 26.3, and there are no public indicators of active exploitation or proof-of-concept availability.
An authorization bypass vulnerability in macOS allows applications to access sensitive user data through improper state management of access controls. The vulnerability affects macOS Sequoia (before 15.7.5), macOS Sonoma (before 14.8.5), and macOS Tahoe (before 26.4). While no CVSS score, EPSS data, or KEV status is currently published, Apple has released patches addressing this issue, indicating it was discovered through internal review rather than active exploitation.
Maliciously crafted media files containing out-of-bounds memory access in Apple's audio processing can crash affected applications across iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS. An attacker can trigger a denial of service by triggering the vulnerability through a specially crafted audio stream, though no patch is currently available. This impacts multiple recent OS versions where an out-of-bounds read occurs during media file processing.
A privacy vulnerability in macOS Tahoe allows applications to access sensitive user data that should have been protected through proper data isolation. The vulnerability affects macOS versions prior to 26.4, where sensitive data was not adequately segregated from application access. An attacker or malicious application could exploit this flaw to read protected user information without proper authorization, representing a direct information disclosure risk.
This vulnerability allows unauthorized applications to access sensitive user data on affected macOS systems through improved security checks that were insufficient in earlier versions. The issue affects macOS Sequoia (versions prior to 15.7.5), macOS Sonoma (versions prior to 14.8.5), and macOS Tahoe (versions prior to 26.4). An attacker with the ability to execute a malicious application on a vulnerable system could potentially read or exfiltrate sensitive user information that should be protected by macOS security controls. There is no evidence of active exploitation in the wild or public proof-of-concept availability, and the limited disclosure details suggest Apple addressed this proactively before widespread abuse.
A privacy vulnerability in Apple's operating systems allows third-party applications to enumerate a user's installed applications, resulting in unauthorized information disclosure about device software inventory. The vulnerability affects iOS and iPadOS versions prior to 18.7.7 and 26.4, macOS Sonoma prior to 14.8.5, macOS Tahoe 26.4, tvOS 26.4, visionOS 26.4, and watchOS 26.4 across all affected product lines. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by crafting a malicious application that leverages the enumeration capability to profile a user's installed software, potentially enabling further targeted attacks or privacy inference attacks based on application usage patterns.
This vulnerability is a privacy issue in Apple macOS where improved private data redaction for log entries was not properly implemented, allowing applications to potentially access user-sensitive data that should have been redacted. The vulnerability affects macOS Sequoia 15.7.5, macOS Sonoma 14.8.5, and macOS Tahoe 26.4, with no public indicators of active exploitation or proof-of-concept code. While CVSS and EPSS scores are unavailable, the nature of the issue suggests moderate real-world risk due to its reliance on application-level exploitation requiring user interaction or system access.
A permissions enforcement vulnerability in macOS allows applications to bypass sandbox restrictions and access sensitive user data without proper authorization. The issue affects macOS Sequoia (versions before 15.7.5), macOS Sonoma (versions before 14.8.5), and macOS Tahoe (versions before 26.4). Apple has patched this vulnerability through enhanced permission restrictions, but no public exploit code or active in-the-wild exploitation has been confirmed at this time.
macOS systems running Sequoia 15.7.4 or earlier, Sonoma 14.8.4 or earlier, and Tahoe 26.3 or earlier contain a use-after-free vulnerability in SMB share handling that could allow an attacker to crash the operating system by mounting a specially crafted network share. The vulnerability requires user interaction to mount the malicious share and results in denial of service rather than code execution or data compromise. No patch is currently available for this vulnerability.
Root-privileged applications on Apple macOS can bypass path validation to delete protected system files due to insufficient input sanitization. This affects macOS Tahoe 26.4 and requires the attacker to already have root-level access, limiting the attack surface to local privilege escalation scenarios. No patch is currently available.
A logging issue in Apple macOS allows applications to access sensitive user data that should have been redacted from logs. The vulnerability affects macOS Sequoia (versions before 15.7.5), macOS Sonoma (versions before 14.8.5), and macOS Tahoe (versions before 26.4). An attacker controlling a malicious app could exploit improper data redaction in system logging to exfiltrate sensitive information that was intended to be masked.
A sandbox escape vulnerability in Apple's WebKit browser engine allows malicious websites to process restricted web content outside the security sandbox, potentially enabling unauthorized access to protected system resources. The vulnerability affects Safari and all Apple operating systems including iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS. Apple has addressed this issue through improved memory handling in Safari 26.4 and corresponding OS updates across all affected platforms.
Type confusion in Apple's iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS allows local attackers to trigger unexpected application termination through memory corruption. The vulnerability affects multiple OS versions and currently lacks a publicly available patch. An attacker with local access can exploit this to cause denial of service by crashing targeted applications.
macOS systems running Sequoia 15.7.4 and earlier, Sonoma 14.8.4 and earlier, or Tahoe 26.3 and earlier are vulnerable to a race condition in application state handling that allows local attackers to trigger unexpected system termination and cause denial of service. The vulnerability requires specific timing conditions but does not require user interaction or elevated privileges to exploit. Apple has released patches for affected versions, though exploitation likelihood remains low.
A permissions issue across Apple's ecosystem allows applications to fingerprint users by accessing information that should be restricted. The vulnerability affects iOS and iPadOS versions prior to 26.4, tvOS prior to 26.4, visionOS prior to 26.4, and watchOS prior to 26.4. Attackers can exploit this by deploying a malicious app that leverages inadequate permission restrictions to collect device and user identifiers for tracking and profiling purposes. The issue has been addressed by Apple through additional permission restrictions in the patched versions, indicating this is a known vulnerability with an available fix.
Apple's iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS contain a use-after-free vulnerability that could allow remote attackers to crash affected applications by processing maliciously crafted web content. The vulnerability stems from improper memory management and requires user interaction to exploit. No patch is currently available, leaving users vulnerable until official updates are released.
A sandbox escape vulnerability in macOS allows malicious applications to break out of their sandbox restrictions through a permissions issue. This affects macOS Sequoia (versions prior to 15.7.5), macOS Sonoma (versions prior to 14.8.5), and macOS Tahoe (versions prior to 26.4). An attacker who distributes a malicious app could potentially gain unauthorized access to system resources and user data that should be protected by the sandbox security boundary.
A permissions enforcement vulnerability in Apple operating systems allows unauthorized enumeration of installed applications on a user's device. This information disclosure issue affects iOS 18.7.7 and earlier, iPadOS 18.7.7 and earlier, iOS 26.4 and earlier, iPadOS 26.4 and earlier, macOS Sequoia 15.7.5 and earlier, macOS Sonoma 14.8.5 and earlier, macOS Tahoe 26.4 and earlier, and visionOS 26.4 and earlier. An attacker with the ability to execute code as an installed application could enumerate the complete list of user-installed applications without explicit user permission, enabling targeted attacks, privacy violations, and device profiling.
This vulnerability allows an attacker with physical access to a locked Apple device to view sensitive user information through an authentication bypass. The issue affects iOS and iPadOS versions prior to 26.4, visionOS prior to 26.4, and watchOS prior to 26.4 across all affected device lines. Apple has patched this through improved authentication mechanisms, and while no CVSS score, EPSS data, or known exploits-in-the-wild status are publicly disclosed, the physical access requirement and information disclosure impact characterize this as a moderate-priority security update for users in environments with theft or unauthorized device access risks.
A bypass vulnerability exists in iOS and iPadOS Stolen Device Protection that allows an attacker with physical access to an iOS device to circumvent biometric authentication and access protected apps using only the device passcode. This vulnerability affects devices running iOS and iPadOS versions prior to 26.4, where Stolen Device Protection is enabled. An attacker gaining physical possession of a locked device can exploit this flaw to access biometrics-gated Protected Apps, effectively defeating the intended security mechanism that requires biometric verification (Face ID or Touch ID) in addition to the passcode for sensitive app access.
Denial of service in Apple iOS, iPadOS, and macOS due to a use-after-free memory corruption vulnerability allows local attackers to trigger unexpected system termination. The flaw affects multiple Apple platforms including iOS 18.x, macOS Sequoia, Sonoma, and Tahoe versions. No patch is currently available.
A downgrade vulnerability affecting Intel-based Mac computers allows malicious applications to bypass code-signing restrictions and access user-sensitive data. The vulnerability impacts macOS Sequoia (versions before 15.7.5), macOS Sonoma (versions before 14.8.5), macOS Tahoe (versions before 26.3 and 26.4), and affects all Intel-based Mac systems running vulnerable versions. An attacker can craft an application that exploits insufficient code-signing validation to downgrade security protections and exfiltrate sensitive user information.
An information disclosure vulnerability in macOS allows applications to determine kernel memory layout through improper memory management, enabling potential attacks that rely on kernel address space layout randomization (KASLR) bypass. This issue affects macOS Sequoia (before 15.7.5), macOS Sonoma (before 14.8.5), and macOS Tahoe (before 26.4). An unprivileged application can exploit this to leak kernel memory addresses, which is a critical prerequisite for more sophisticated kernel exploitation attacks. No CVSS score, EPSS probability, or evidence of active exploitation in CISA KEV catalog has been published, though the vulnerability was patched by Apple across three major OS versions, suggesting it was discovered through responsible disclosure rather than in-the-wild exploitation.
A logic error in Apple's script message handler implementation allows malicious websites to access script message handlers intended for other origins, resulting in unauthorized cross-origin information disclosure. This vulnerability affects Safari 26.4 and earlier, iOS/iPadOS 18.7.7 and earlier, macOS Tahoe 26.4 and earlier, and visionOS 26.4 and earlier. An attacker can craft a malicious website that exploits improper state management in the message handler routing mechanism to intercept sensitive data intended for legitimate web applications, potentially exposing authentication tokens, user data, or other confidential information passed through script messaging interfaces.
This vulnerability involves improper handling of symbolic links in Apple operating systems that could allow an application to access user-sensitive data without proper authorization. The flaw affects iOS and iPadOS versions prior to 26.3, macOS Sequoia versions prior to 15.7.4, macOS Sonoma versions prior to 14.8.4, and macOS Tahoe versions prior to 26.3 and 26.4. An attacker with the ability to execute code in a sandboxed application context could potentially bypass security restrictions to access protected user information, though no active exploitation in the wild has been confirmed at this time.
An information disclosure vulnerability in macOS Tahoe allows applications to access sensitive user data through insufficient access controls. The vulnerability affects all versions of macOS prior to version 26.4, where the flaw was remediated through improved permission checking mechanisms. While specific technical details are limited, the vulnerability enables malicious or compromised applications to bypass privacy protections and exfiltrate user information.
An authorization bypass vulnerability in Apple's operating systems allows third-party applications to access sensitive user data through improper state management during authorization checks. The vulnerability affects iOS/iPadOS 26.4 and earlier, macOS Sequoia 15.7.5 and earlier, macOS Tahoe 26.4 and earlier, visionOS 26.4 and earlier, and watchOS 26.4 and earlier across multiple Apple devices and platforms. An attacker can exploit this by crafting a malicious application that circumvents authorization controls to read protected user information without explicit user consent. No CVSS score, EPSS probability, or active exploitation status has been disclosed by Apple, though the vulnerability spans all major Apple operating systems indicating broad platform impact.
Improper memory handling in Apple iOS, iPadOS, and macOS allows remote denial of service when processing maliciously crafted files, potentially causing unexpected application crashes. An attacker can trigger this vulnerability by delivering a specially crafted file to a victim, resulting in app termination without requiring user privileges or interaction beyond opening the file. No patch is currently available for this medium-severity vulnerability affecting multiple Apple platforms.
An information disclosure vulnerability in Apple's operating systems allows applications to enumerate a user's installed apps without proper authorization. This affects iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS versions prior to 26.4. An attacker can distribute a malicious app that queries the system to discover what applications a user has installed, potentially enabling targeted attacks or privacy violations. No CVSS score, EPSS data, or known public exploits are currently documented, but the vulnerability has been fixed across all Apple platforms, indicating Apple assessed this as requiring immediate remediation.
This vulnerability affects Apple's Safari browser and related Apple operating systems (iOS, iPadOS, macOS Tahoe, and visionOS) due to improper memory handling when processing maliciously crafted web content. The flaw can lead to unexpected process crashes, resulting in a denial of service condition affecting all users of the impacted Safari versions and OS versions below 26.4. While no CVSS score or EPSS data is currently published, the vulnerability has been patched by Apple, suggesting it was discovered through internal security review or responsible disclosure rather than active exploitation.
macOS Tahoe versions prior to 26.4 contain a buffer overflow vulnerability that can cause denial of service through unexpected application termination or memory corruption when exploited by local attackers. The vulnerability stems from insufficient size validation in memory operations and requires no user interaction to trigger. No patch is currently available for affected systems.
Unauthorized file deletion in macOS Sequoia, Sonoma, and Tahoe allows unprivileged applications to delete files without proper permissions due to insufficient path validation. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability through a malicious app to remove sensitive files outside the application's intended scope. This medium-severity local vulnerability affects multiple recent macOS versions and currently has no available patch.
A permissions enforcement vulnerability in macOS allows applications to bypass security restrictions and access protected user data due to insufficient authorization checks. This issue affects macOS Sequoia (prior to 15.7.5), macOS Sonoma (prior to 14.8.5), and macOS Tahoe (prior to 26.4). An attacker with the ability to execute an application on the affected system could potentially access sensitive user information without proper user consent or authorization. No CVSS score, EPSS data, or active exploitation in the wild (KEV status) has been disclosed by Apple.
An information leakage vulnerability affecting Apple's operating systems across multiple platforms (iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS) allows third-party applications to access sensitive user data through insufficient validation mechanisms. The vulnerability impacts all versions prior to the 26.4 release across affected platforms, enabling malicious or compromised applications to bypass access controls and exfiltrate private user information. While no CVSS score, EPSS data, or active exploitation in the wild has been publicly disclosed, the breadth of affected platforms and the fundamental nature of information disclosure vulnerabilities suggest moderate to significant real-world risk.