Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessDistribute malicious Shortcut to victim
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ExploitVictim adds and runs shortcut
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ExecutionAbuse authorization flaw to bypass confirmation
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ImpactSend messages without user consent
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Authorization verification
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Defense Evasion The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires the victim to obtain and execute a malicious Apple Shortcut on an unpatched device (iOS/iPadOS/macOS/tvOS/visionOS/watchOS prior to version 27). The specific abused feature is the Shortcuts messaging action, which normally requires user confirmation before sending a message; the authorization flaw lets a crafted shortcut suppress that confirmation. Limiting factors: user interaction is required (the victim must add and run the shortcut, UI:R), the impact is confined to unauthorized message sending (integrity/privacy, no code execution or privilege escalation, A:N, S:U), and all affected platforms are patched in the '27' release train. |
| Impact | This is a genuine but low-to-moderate severity issue, not a high-priority emergency. All exploitation signals point to low real-world risk: EPSS is 0.16% (6th percentile), there is no CISA KEV listing, and no public exploit code has been identified. The vulnerability is an authorization flaw (CWE-285) in Apple's Shortcuts, allowing a malicious shortcut to send messages without the expected user-confirmation prompt - an integrity/privacy abuse rather than a code-execution or privilege-escalation bug (I:L/C:L, A:N, S:U). A notable conflict exists in the vendor CVSS vector: it is scored AV:N (network), but the described mechanism - a malicious Shortcut executing on the device - is fundamentally local automation abuse that requires the shortcut to be present and run on the victim device (UI:R). The AV:N rating appears overstated; AV:L better fits the mechanism (verify with vendor). There is no active exploitation and no weaponization evidence. Priority is routine patch-cycle, driven by the ubiquity of the affected Apple platforms rather than by exploit pressure. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker crafts and distributes a malicious Shortcut (e.g., shared via a link, shortcut gallery, or social engineering) that a victim adds and runs. When executed, the shortcut abuses the authorization flaw to silently send iMessage/SMS messages without the normal user-confirmation dialog, enabling spam, smishing propagation, or exfiltration of small amounts of data to attacker-controlled recipients. No public exploit code is identified, and user interaction (running the shortcut) is required. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Sep 17, 2026
Improper authorization in Apple's Shortcuts messaging action allows a crafted shortcut to send messages on an unpatched device without the confirmation prompt the user would normally see. Affected platforms are iOS/iPadOS, macOS Golden Gate, tvOS, visionOS and watchOS in all versions prior to the 27 release train, across the CPE-listed Apple product families. Exploitation requires the victim to obtain and run a malicious shortcut (unauthenticated but user-interaction dependent, UI:R) and is limited to unauthorized message sending with low confidentiality and integrity impact; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS is only 0.16% (6th percentile), making this a genuine but low-to-moderate severity issue rather than a high-priority emergency. Vendor patches are available as iOS 27, iPadOS 27, macOS Golden Gate 27, tvOS 27, visionOS 27 and watchOS 27.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: apply the version 27 updates - iOS 27, iPadOS 27, macOS Golden Gate 27, tvOS 27, visionOS 27 and watchOS 27 - which Apple states fix the issue, following the platform advisories at https://support.apple.com/en-us/149034 through https://support.apple.com/en-us/149035, https://support.apple.com/en-us/149036, https://support.apple.com/en-us/149037 and https://support.apple.com/en-us/149038. Until devices are updated, the practical compensating control is to restrict shortcut provenance: block or remove the Shortcuts app where it is not operationally required (trade-off: loses legitimate automation), prohibit running untrusted or shared shortcuts by enforcing policy at the MDM level so only signed/approved shortcuts can be imported and executed, and disable untrusted shortcut imports and iCloud shortcut sharing (trade-off: users cannot receive shortcuts through sharing channels). For organizations that cannot patch macOS or iOS endpoints immediately, additionally tighten Mobile Device Management restrictions around automation and message-sending actions and monitor for unexpected outbound message activity originating from Shortcuts, accepting that these controls reduce functionality and are not a substitute for the 27 updates. No workaround restores the missing confirmation prompt itself, so patching remains the only complete fix.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 5 packages in euvd
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Technical ContextAI · show details
The flaw is classified under CWE-285 (Improper Authorization) and was addressed by Apple through improved state management, meaning the Shortcuts subsystem failed to correctly track or enforce the authorization state that gates the messaging action's user-confirmation step. In normal operation, a shortcut that sends a message must surface a confirmation prompt before the message is dispatched; the defective state handling lets the underlying authorization decision be bypassed so a malicious shortcut can complete the send silently. The attack surface is the Shortcuts automation framework shared across Apple's platforms, as reflected in the CPE entries covering apple:ios_and_ipados, apple:macos, apple:tvos, apple:visionos and apple:watchos (all wildcarded versions). The assessed vector (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N) indicates no privileges are needed, but the attacker is dependent on the victim executing the shortcut, the scope remains unchanged, and there is no path to code execution or privilege escalation - only unauthorized message transmission affecting confidentiality and integrity at a limited level.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
A Shortcut executes locally on the device (AV:L) and the victim must run it (UI:R); impact is unauthorized message sending - integrity plus minor confidentiality (I:L/C:L), no availability effect.
Primary rating from Vendor (apple).
CVSS VectorVendor: apple
Lifecycle Timeline
4DescriptionCVE.org
An authorization issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in iOS 27 and iPadOS 27, macOS Golden Gate 27, tvOS 27, visionOS 27, watchOS 27. A malicious shortcut may be able to send messages without user confirmation.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
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EUVD-2026-77881
GHSA-28gx-vwf9-c2mm
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
VulDB
Exploit-DB