Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessGain privileged on-path network position
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ExploitIntercept device's encrypted traffic
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ExecutionBypass weak integrity check
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ImpactModify in-transit network data
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A08:2025 - Software or Data Integrity Failures
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Integrity check implementation
|
| Exploitation Conditions | Requires the attacker to already hold a privileged network position (on-path/man-in-the-middle) between the Apple device and its peer - for example a controlled Wi-Fi AP, malicious gateway, or LAN-level spoofing - matching AV:A. Exploitation is further limited by high attack complexity (AC:H), implying a race, timing, or specific cryptographic-state condition beyond simply being on-path. No authentication (PR:N) or user interaction (UI:N) is needed. Only unpatched versions below the fixed builds (iOS/iPadOS 27, macOS Golden Gate 27, tvOS 27, watchOS 27) are affected; there is no remote-internet or unauthenticated-from-anywhere exposure - the adjacency requirement is the primary risk limiter. |
| Impact | This is a moderate, defensively-relevant integrity flaw rather than a high-urgency priority. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N, base 5.3) is well-calibrated: exploitation requires an adjacent/on-path privileged network position (AV:A) and high attack complexity (AC:H), which are significant limiting factors, but no authentication (PR:N) or user interaction (UI:N). Impact is integrity-only (I:H) - the attacker can modify network traffic; there is no confidentiality (C:N) or availability (A:N) impact. EPSS is very low (0.17%, 7th percentile), consistent with the adjacent-network requirement and high complexity, indicating opportunistic mass exploitation is unlikely. There is no CISA KEV listing and no public POC identified, so this is 'no public exploit identified at time of analysis.' NOTE A CONFLICT: the input Tags label this 'Information Disclosure,' but the CVSS vector and description describe traffic TAMPERING (C:N, I:H) - this is a misclassification, not a data-disclosure bug. All signals align on this being a real-but-conditional defense-in-depth fix, not an emergency. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker who already controls a network path between the victim Apple device and a server (e.g., a rogue Wi-Fi access point, compromised router, or ARP-spoofed LAN) exploits a weakness in cryptographic integrity validation to alter data in transit without detection. Because the flaw is high-complexity and requires an established on-path position, exploitation is opportunistic against local/adjacent targets rather than remotely at scale. No public exploit code is known. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Sep 16, 2026
Network traffic integrity can be silently undermined on unpatched Apple platforms - iOS and iPadOS before 27, macOS Golden Gate before 27, tvOS before 27, and watchOS before 27 - by an unauthenticated attacker who already holds a privileged on-path network position between the device and its peer. Apple fixed the underlying cryptographic weakness through improved integrity checks in the 27-generation releases, restoring the guarantee that intercepted traffic cannot be modified undetected. Exploitation is constrained by the adjacency requirement (AV:A) and high attack complexity (AC:H), EPSS is only 0.17% (7th percentile), and no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
RemediationAI
Apply the vendor patches: upgrade to iOS 27 or iPadOS 27, macOS Golden Gate 27, tvOS 27, and watchOS 27 respectively - Apple shipped the fix via the standard software update mechanism and details are in advisories https://support.apple.com/en-us/149034, https://support.apple.com/en-us/149035, https://support.apple.com/en-us/149036, and https://support.apple.com/en-us/149037; this is a 'Patch available per vendor advisory' situation with exact fixed versions stated by Apple, so there is no reason to defer. Until every device in scope (iPhone, iPad, Mac, Apple TV, Apple Watch - including devices that update less frequently, such as watches and set-top boxes) is on the 27-generation build, the practical compensating controls are network-hygiene measures that remove the AV:A prerequisite rather than fix the bug: avoid associating with untrusted or open Wi-Fi networks and disable auto-join for known-but-untrusted SSIDs, which is effective but requires user discipline and is easy to defeat by a malicious hotspot with a familiar name; route sensitive traffic through a VPN or Apple's encrypted relay features that terminate integrity-protected tunnels outside the local segment, accepting the trade-off of added latency and battery drain; and on managed fleets, enforce network segmentation and 802.1X/WPA3-Enterprise so that a rogue gateway or spoofed AP cannot sit on-path, at the cost of deployment complexity and potential breakage of legacy clients. There is no configuration toggle that restores the missing integrity check itself, so these controls reduce exposure rather than eliminate it, and the residual risk remains for any user who connects to a hostile access point before updating.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 4 packages in euvd
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Technical ContextAI · show details
The flaw is a cryptographic integrity-checking deficiency in Apple's networking stack, mapped across the iOS/iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, and watchOS CPE families (cpe:2.3:a:apple:ios_and_ipados, cpe:2.3:a:apple:macos, cpe:2.3:a:apple:tvos, cpe:2.3:a:apple:watchos). Because Apple describes the fix as 'improved integrity checks,' the root-cause class is improper or insufficient verification of data integrity - the familiar CWE-345/CWE-353 family of 'insufficient verification of data authenticity,' although the source data assigns no explicit CWE identifier, so the classification should be treated as inferred rather than confirmed. In practical terms, an attacker positioned on-path can alter protected traffic without the cryptographic layer detecting the modification, defeating the tamper-evidence that protocols such as TLS or Apple's encrypted transport services are supposed to provide. The CVSS vector CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N reflects exactly that shape: no confidentiality or availability impact, a high integrity impact, adjacency-only reach (AV:A), no authentication (PR:N), no user interaction (UI:N), and high complexity (AC:H) consistent with a timing, race, or specific cryptographic-state precondition. The Reference tags label the issue 'Information Disclosure,' but the scored impact is integrity-only, so defenders should treat the tamper/modification vector as primary.
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Severity by source
AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
On-path adjacent position gives AV:A; the crypto-integrity condition implies AC:H; no auth or interaction (PR:N/UI:N); traffic modification is integrity-only (I:H, C:N, A:N).
Primary rating from NVD.
CVSS VectorNVD
Lifecycle Timeline
4DescriptionNVD
A cryptographic issue was addressed with improved integrity checks. This issue is fixed in iOS 27 and iPadOS 27, macOS Golden Gate 27, tvOS 27, watchOS 27. An attacker in a privileged network position may be able to modify network traffic.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
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EUVD-2026-77894
GHSA-jm77-mqfw-qjj6
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
VulDB
Exploit-DB