Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessGain physical access to switch
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ExploitBoot device from factory settings
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ExecutionAuthenticate with default admin credentials
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ImpactSave persistent malicious configuration
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
ASVS 5.0
V6 - Authentication Alternate path authentication
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| Exploitation Conditions | Requires physical access to the Red Lion 700 Series switch and the ability to trigger a boot from factory settings, which bypasses the administrator's configured authentication. Exploitation further depends on the default administrative credentials remaining valid/unchanged on first factory boot. Limiting factors: no network path exists (AV:P - hands-on access mandatory), so remote exploitation is impossible; the attacker needs the device's default credentials; and sites that physically secure switch hardware (locked cabinets, controlled OT areas) substantially mitigate this. |
| Impact | Real-world risk is moderate and heavily constrained by the attack vector. The provided CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N) confirms this requires PHYSICAL access to the device, which is the single most important limiting factor - it cannot be exploited remotely or over the network, so mass or opportunistic exploitation is not feasible. No EPSS score, KEV listing, or POC was provided in the input, and the vulnerability is not on CISA KEV, so there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis. The impact signals are real (VI:H/SI:H integrity impact - attacker achieves persistent configuration tampering) but the base score of 6.8 (MEDIUM) accurately reflects that physical presence plus use of default credentials gates the attack. This is a legitimate concern for OT/ICS environments where switches sit in physically exposed locations (substations, factory floors, remote cabinets), but for most threat models it is a lower priority than a network-exploitable flaw. Note a minor signal conflict: the input Tag labels this 'Information Disclosure,' yet CWE-288 and the vector's dominant integrity impact (VI:H/SI:H vs only VC:L/SC:L) indicate this is primarily an authentication-bypass and configuration-tampering issue, not disclosure - treat the tag with caution. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker with physical access to a Red Lion 700 Series switch boots the device from factory settings, bypassing the configured authentication, then logs in using the unchanged default administrative credentials. They modify and save the configuration so the malicious settings persist across subsequent normal reboots. No public exploit code is known; the attack requires hands-on physical access and knowledge of the default credentials. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 09, 2026
Physical access to a Red Lion 700 Series managed switch (HMS Networks / Red Lion Controls) lets an attacker boot the device from factory settings without authentication, log in with the default administrative credentials, and then save configuration changes so they survive the next normal reboot. The result is a persistent administrative compromise of the switch: confidentiality impact is limited, but integrity impact is high because routing, VLAN, and access-control configurations can be altered at will. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis and there is no CISA KEV listing, and the practical risk is strongly constrained because the attack requires hands-on access to the hardware (CVSS AV:P) and the default credentials must still be valid on first factory boot.
RemediationAI
No vendor-released patch is identified in the available data, so remediation must center on physical and configuration controls while the advisory at https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-26-281-01 and https://www.hms-networks.com/cybersecurity are monitored for a fixed release. Primary compensating control: place every 700 Series switch in a locked cabinet or controlled OT enclosure with restricted key access and, where practical, tamper detection, since the physical vector is the only path - this is the single most effective mitigation and its only cost is administrative inconvenience for on-site maintenance. Second: change the default administrative credentials as part of commissioning and enforce unique, rotated passwords, understanding the trade-off that a factory boot still restores vendor defaults, so credential hygiene reduces casual access but does not close the alternate authentication path by itself. Third: where the firmware exposes a configuration option to disable or password-protect the factory-reset/recovery boot path, enable it; the trade-off is a harder recovery if credentials are genuinely lost, so document the recovery procedure before enabling it. Fourth: detect abuse after the fact by comparing running configurations against a golden baseline, alerting on unexpected reboots or config changes (SNMP traps, syslog forwarding, or the vendor's management tooling), and taking offline backups of known-good configurations so a tampered switch can be restored quickly. Finally, segment and monitor the management network so a physically compromised switch cannot trivially pivot into the wider control system.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 2 packages in euvd
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Technical ContextAI · show details
The flaw is an instance of CWE-288, authentication bypass using an alternate path or channel. A managed switch normally enforces the administrator's configured credentials, but it also supports a recovery/factory-boot mode that is reachable from the physical console or reset path and that deliberately skips the configured authentication state. Because a factory boot re-establishes documented default administrative credentials, anyone who can trigger that mode obtains full administrative access without ever knowing the site's real password. The 4.0 base vector (AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:N) and the independent assessment (CVSS:3.1 AV:P/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:H/A:N) agree that hands-on access is mandatory, no user interaction or race condition is needed, and the impact is dominated by integrity rather than confidentiality or availability - the attacker can write a modified configuration that persists. The scope-change rating in the assessed vector reflects that the compromised switch config can affect the integrity of the broader network it manages. Affected firmware is tracked under the wildcard CPE cpe:2.3:a:red_lion_controls:700_series:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, and the issue is published through CISA ICS advisory ICSA-26-281-01 with vendor-facing material at hms-networks.com/cybersecurity.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:N/SC:L/SI:H/SA:N
AV:P because physical access is mandatory; PR:L reflects use of default admin credentials via factory boot; S:C and I:H because persistent config changes to the switch impact the downstream managed network.
Primary rating from Vendor (icscert).
CVSS VectorVendor: icscert
Lifecycle Timeline
1DescriptionCVE.org
A malicious user with physical access to the device can boot the switch from factory settings without authentication, use the default administrative credentials to obtain administrative access, and save changes to the configuration file so that they persist next time the switch boots normally.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.
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EUVD-2026-95815
GHSA-c3q8-wxh6-699q
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB