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Python Pillow CVE-2026-59198

| EUVDEUVD-2026-43752 HIGH
Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)
2026-07-14 GitHub_M GHSA-fj7v-r99m-22gq
Python Buffer Overflow Information Disclosure Pillow Red Hat Suse
7.5
CVSS 3.1 · NVD
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Severity by source

Vendor (GitHub_M) PRIMARY
MEDIUM
qualitative
NVD
7.5 HIGH
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
vuln.today AI
3.7 LOW

AC:H because exploitation needs the app to save a mode-1 image with tga_rle and expose the output; C:L as only a bounded run of adjacent, non-attacker-chosen heap leaks; no integrity or availability impact.

3.1 AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SUSE
5.1 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Red Hat
6.5 MEDIUM
qualitative

Primary rating from Vendor (GitHub_M).

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

8
Analysis Updated
Jul 14, 2026 - 20:28 vuln.today
v2 (cvss_changed)
Re-analysis Queued
Jul 14, 2026 - 20:22 vuln.today
cvss_changed
Severity Changed
Jul 14, 2026 - 20:22 NVD
MEDIUM HIGH
CVSS changed
Jul 14, 2026 - 20:22 NVD
6.5 (MEDIUM) 7.5 (HIGH)
Patch available
Jul 14, 2026 - 18:20 EUVD
Source Code Evidence Fetched
Jul 14, 2026 - 16:36 vuln.today
Analysis Generated
Jul 14, 2026 - 16:36 vuln.today
CVE Published
Jul 14, 2026 - 16:07 cve.org
MEDIUM 6.5

Blast Radius

ecosystem impact
† from your stack dependencies † transitive graph · vuln.today resolves 4-path depth
  • 21 pypi packages depend on pillow (21 direct, 0 indirect)

Ecosystem-wide dependent count for version 5.2.0.

DescriptionNVD

Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 5.2.0 until 12.3.0, Pillow's TGA RLE encoder reads past its packed row buffer when saving a mode 1 image with TGA RLE compression, allowing adjacent process heap bytes to be copied into the generated TGA file. This issue is fixed in version 12.3.0.

Articles & Coverage 1

News 14 New Python Vulnerabilities - 14 High Severity, 1 With POC Jul 15, 2026

AnalysisAI

Out-of-bounds heap read in Python Pillow's TGA RLE encoder (versions 5.2.0 through 12.2.x) lets adjacent process heap bytes leak into a generated TGA file when an application saves a mode '1' (1-bit) image using compression='tga_rle'. The flaw is an information-disclosure bug (CWE-125), fixed in 12.3.0, with no public exploit identified at time of analysis. The NVD CVSS of 7.5 (network vector) overstates practical reach because triggering the leak depends on the host application invoking this specific and unusual save path.

Technical ContextAI

Pillow (python-pillow, CPE cpe:2.3:a:python-pillow:pillow) is one of the most widely used Python imaging libraries. The defect lives in TgaImagePlugin.py's RLE (run-length encoding) save routine: when encoding a 1-bit ('1' mode) image, the encoder reads past the end of its packed row buffer, so uninitialized/adjacent heap memory is copied into the RLE-compressed pixel data written to the output TGA file. This is a classic CWE-125 out-of-bounds read at the buffer boundary; the root cause is that the RLE packer's byte-per-pixel assumptions do not hold for the tightly packed 1-bit row representation. The upstream fix (PR #9709, commit eada3cbd) does not repair the packer but instead outright rejects the unsupported combination, raising OSError 'cannot write mode 1 as TGA with run-length encoding'.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: upgrade to Pillow 12.3.0 or later (pip install --upgrade Pillow>=12.3.0), which resolves the leak by rejecting mode '1' images with TGA RLE compression rather than encoding them. If you cannot upgrade immediately, the concrete compensating control is to avoid the vulnerable code path entirely: do not call im.save(..., compression='tga_rle') on 1-bit ('1' mode) images - either save such images without RLE compression (compression=None, producing uncompressed TGA at the cost of larger files) or convert them to a supported mode (e.g. im.convert('L') or 'P') before RLE-saving. Applications that let untrusted input drive image mode/format/compression should validate and constrain those parameters. Reference the advisory GHSA-fj7v-r99m-22gq, PR https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/pull/9709, and commit eada3cbd7fb9963ee90673fb7b5270124a0d5f4b.

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Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: Moderate
Product Status
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP7 Fixed
openSUSE Tumbleweed Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS Affected

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CVE-2026-59198 vulnerability details – vuln.today
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