EUVD-2026-43752Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
AC:H because exploitation needs the app to save a mode-1 image with tga_rle and expose the output; C:L as only a bounded run of adjacent, non-attacker-chosen heap leaks; no integrity or availability impact.
Primary rating from Vendor (GitHub_M).
CVSS VectorNVD
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Lifecycle Timeline
8DescriptionNVD
Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 5.2.0 until 12.3.0, Pillow's TGA RLE encoder reads past its packed row buffer when saving a mode 1 image with TGA RLE compression, allowing adjacent process heap bytes to be copied into the generated TGA file. This issue is fixed in version 12.3.0.
Articles & Coverage 1
AnalysisAI
Out-of-bounds heap read in Python Pillow's TGA RLE encoder (versions 5.2.0 through 12.2.x) lets adjacent process heap bytes leak into a generated TGA file when an application saves a mode '1' (1-bit) image using compression='tga_rle'. The flaw is an information-disclosure bug (CWE-125), fixed in 12.3.0, with no public exploit identified at time of analysis. …
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Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata
Vulnerability AssessmentAI
| Exploitation | Exploitation requires the host application to save an image in Pillow's 1-bit mode '1' using the TGA format with run-length encoding enabled (compression='tga_rle') on an affected version (5.2.0 through 12.2.x), and the attacker must be able to obtain the resulting TGA file. … Additional conditions and limiting factors are described in the full assessment. |
| Risk Assessment | Signals conflict and should be read carefully. … Full risk analysis with EPSS, KEV, and SSVC signal comparison available after sign-in. |
| Exploit Scenario | An application uses Pillow to convert user-uploaded or generated 1-bit bitmaps to compressed TGA (compression='tga_rle') and then returns the resulting file to the requester. Because the RLE encoder overreads the packed row buffer, the returned TGA contains stray bytes of the server process's heap, which an attacker can harvest across many requests to reconstruct fragments of secrets. … |
| Remediation | Vendor-released patch: upgrade to Pillow 12.3.0 or later (pip install --upgrade Pillow>=12.3.0), which resolves the leak by rejecting mode '1' images with TGA RLE compression rather than encoding them. … Detailed patch versions, workarounds, and compensating controls in full report. |
Recommended ActionAI
Within 24 hours, identify all systems and applications using Python Pillow versions 5.2.0 through 12.2.x, including development, staging, and production environments. …
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Same weakness CWE-125 – Out-of-bounds Read
View allSame technique Buffer Overflow
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External POC / Exploit Code
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