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Python Pillow CVE-2026-55380

| EUVDEUVD-2026-41901 HIGH
Memory Allocation with Excessive Size Value (CWE-789)
2026-07-06 GitHub_M GHSA-phj9-mv4w-65pm PYSEC-2026-2256
Python Information Disclosure Pillow Red Hat Suse
7.5
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: GitHub_M
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Severity by source

Vendor (GitHub_M) PRIMARY
7.5 HIGH
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
vuln.today AI
7.5 HIGH

Untrusted .gd input decoded without user interaction gives AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N; impact is memory-exhaustion DoS only, so C:N/I:N/A:H.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SUSE
HIGH
qualitative
Red Hat
7.5 HIGH
qualitative

Primary rating from Vendor (GitHub_M).

CVSS VectorVendor: GitHub_M

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch available
Jul 06, 2026 - 20:02 EUVD
Analysis Generated
Jul 06, 2026 - 19:36 vuln.today

Blast Radius

ecosystem impact
† from your stack dependencies † transitive graph · vuln.today resolves 4-path depth
  • 91,642 pypi packages depend on pillow (19,947 direct, 73,219 indirect)

Ecosystem-wide dependent count for version 12.3.0.

DescriptionCVE.org

Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, PIL/GdImageFile.py GdImageFile._open() read image dimensions from the GD 2.x header and stored them in self._size without calling Image._decompression_bomb_check(), allowing a crafted .gd file to trigger excessive C-heap allocation when loaded. This issue is fixed in version 12.3.0.

Articles & Coverage 1

News 9 New Python Vulnerabilities - 2 Critical, 7 High, 2 With POC Jul 07, 2026

AnalysisAI

Denial-of-service via memory exhaustion in Python Pillow before 12.3.0 allows a crafted GD-format (.gd) image to trigger excessive C-heap allocation when opened, because GdImageFile._open() reads image dimensions straight from the GD 2.x header without invoking Pillow's Image._decompression_bomb_check() guard. Any application that loads untrusted .gd files with a vulnerable Pillow version can be crashed or driven into out-of-memory conditions. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV; the CVSS 3.1 base score is 7.5 (availability-only impact).

Technical ContextAI

Pillow (the maintained PIL fork) is one of the most widely used Python imaging libraries and ships decoders for many formats, including the libgd 'GD' bitmap format via PIL/GdImageFile.py. Pillow normally defends against decompression-bomb attacks by calling Image._decompression_bomb_check(), which compares declared pixel dimensions against MAX_IMAGE_PIXELS before buffers are allocated. The GD plugin's _open() parsed width/height fields from the GD 2.x header and populated self._size directly, bypassing that check, so an attacker-declared large dimension flowed unchecked into subsequent C-level heap allocation. This is a textbook CWE-789 (Memory Allocation with Excessive Size Value / uncontrolled allocation), in which an untrusted size field governs allocation without validation.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: upgrade Pillow to version 12.3.0 or later, which adds the missing Image._decompression_bomb_check() call to the GD plugin (commit f39b0ae6624eb2d7c5c5d651d9bb5fdbd96a8675; advisory GHSA-phj9-mv4w-65pm). If immediate upgrade is not possible, lower PIL.Image.MAX_IMAGE_PIXELS to a conservative value so oversized declared dimensions raise DecompressionBombError before large allocation (trade-off: legitimate very-large images are rejected), and avoid opening untrusted .gd files by restricting accepted formats to an explicit allowlist and refusing GD-format input at the application boundary (trade-off: loss of rarely needed .gd support). Running decode work in a memory-limited, isolated worker (e.g. cgroup or ulimit RLIMIT_AS) contains the blast radius of any residual excessive allocation.

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Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: Important
Product Status
SUSE Liberty Linux 8 Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP7 Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0 Fixed
openSUSE Leap 16.0 Fixed
openSUSE Tumbleweed Fixed

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CVE-2026-55380 vulnerability details – vuln.today
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