EUVD-2026-41899Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Untrusted PCF font data can arrive over the network with no auth or interaction, but impact is memory-exhaustion DoS only, so C/I:N and A:H.
Primary rating from Vendor (GitHub_M).
CVSS VectorVendor: GitHub_M
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Lifecycle Timeline
2Blast Radius
ecosystem impact- 85,213 pypi packages depend on pillow (18,358 direct, 68,183 indirect)
Ecosystem-wide dependent count for version 12.3.0.
DescriptionCVE.org
Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, PIL/PcfFontFile.py _load_bitmaps() read glyph dimensions from the PCF METRICS section and passed them directly to Image.frombytes() without calling Image._decompression_bomb_check(), allowing crafted PCF font data to cause excessive memory allocation. This issue is fixed in version 12.3.0.
Articles & Coverage 1
AnalysisAI
Uncontrolled memory allocation in the Python Pillow imaging library (all versions prior to 12.3.0) allows a crafted PCF bitmap font to exhaust process memory and crash the host application. The PcfFontFile bitmap loader trusts attacker-supplied glyph dimensions from the font's METRICS section and hands them straight to Image.frombytes() while skipping Pillow's decompression-bomb guard. …
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Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata
Vulnerability AssessmentAI
| Exploitation | Exploitation requires the target application to load an attacker-controlled PCF (X11 Portable Compiled Format) bitmap font through Pillow's PcfFontFile loader - for example via ImageFont/PcfFontFile on an uploaded or fetched .pcf file. … Additional conditions and limiting factors are described in the full assessment. |
| Risk Assessment | The NVD CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H, base 7.5) rates this High, driven entirely by the availability impact - confidentiality and integrity are explicitly N, so despite the 'Information Disclosure' tag this is a denial-of-service issue, a conflict worth flagging. … Full risk analysis with EPSS, KEV, and SSVC signal comparison available after sign-in. |
| Exploit Scenario | An attacker uploads a maliciously crafted PCF font file to a web service that uses Pillow to render text or preview fonts; when the service calls PcfFontFile to load the glyphs, the inflated METRICS dimensions trigger a massive Image.frombytes() allocation that exhausts memory and crashes the worker or host. Because the flaw is network-reachable (AV:N) with low complexity and no authentication or user interaction required in such a pipeline, repeated submissions can produce sustained denial of service. … |
| Remediation | Upgrade to Pillow 12.3.0 or later, which adds the missing Image._decompression_bomb_check() call to _load_bitmaps() (fix commit 0a263e6264aa5399988d9acd3bbfbca2ca3ec77d). … Detailed patch versions, workarounds, and compensating controls in full report. |
Recommended ActionAI
Within 24 hours: Identify all systems running Pillow and those accepting font files as input. …
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