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Memory Corruption

memory HIGH

Memory corruption occurs when a program writes data beyond the boundaries of allocated memory regions or accesses memory in unintended ways, violating the integrity of the process's address space.

How It Works

Memory corruption occurs when a program writes data beyond the boundaries of allocated memory regions or accesses memory in unintended ways, violating the integrity of the process's address space. Attackers exploit these flaws by carefully crafting inputs that trigger the corruption, allowing them to overwrite critical data structures like function pointers, return addresses, or object metadata. The corrupted memory then causes the program to execute attacker-controlled code or leak sensitive information when that memory is subsequently accessed.

Several common variants exist with distinct mechanisms. Buffer overflows write past array boundaries, overwriting adjacent memory. Use-after-free bugs occur when code accesses memory after it's been deallocated, allowing attackers to reallocate that space with malicious data. Type confusion tricks programs into treating objects as different types, causing field accesses at incorrect offsets that can leak data or enable writes to arbitrary locations. Double-free vulnerabilities free the same memory twice, corrupting heap metadata structures that allocate memory, ultimately enabling arbitrary writes when the corrupted allocator is used again.

The typical attack flow involves reconnaissance to identify the corruption primitive, heap manipulation to position target structures in predictable locations, triggering the vulnerability to corrupt specific memory, and finally leveraging the corruption to hijack control flow or extract data. Modern exploits often chain multiple primitives together, using information leaks to defeat ASLR before achieving code execution.

Impact

  • Arbitrary code execution: Execute attacker-supplied machine code or reuse existing code (ROP/JOP) with full privileges of the vulnerable process
  • Privilege escalation: Exploit kernel memory corruption to escalate from user to root/SYSTEM privileges
  • Information disclosure: Leak cryptographic keys, passwords, authentication tokens, or bypass ASLR by reading memory layout
  • Denial of service: Crash critical services by corrupting essential data structures
  • Sandbox escape: Break out of browser or application isolation boundaries to compromise the host system

Real-World Examples

The Chrome V8 JavaScript engine has suffered numerous type confusion vulnerabilities where JavaScript objects are mishandled, allowing attackers to achieve browser compromise through malicious websites. CVE-2021-30551 exemplified this, enabling remote code execution via crafted web content.

Windows kernel vulnerabilities like CVE-2020-17087 demonstrated use-after-free exploitation, where local attackers triggered memory reuse in the kernel to escalate privileges to SYSTEM. This was actively exploited in targeted attacks before patching.

The Heartbleed vulnerability (CVE-2014-0160) in OpenSSL showed devastating information disclosure through a buffer over-read, leaking 64KB chunks of server memory containing private keys, passwords, and session tokens across millions of servers.

Mitigation

  • Memory-safe languages: Use Rust, Go, or Swift for new code to eliminate entire classes of corruption bugs
  • Sanitizers in development: Deploy AddressSanitizer (ASAN) and MemorySanitizer (MSAN) during testing to detect corruption immediately
  • Fuzzing with coverage feedback: Continuously fuzz parsers and input handlers using AFL++ or libFuzzer to discover corruption bugs
  • Control Flow Integrity (CFI): Enable compiler-based CFI to restrict indirect call targets and prevent ROP
  • Exploit mitigations: Deploy stack canaries, ASLR, DEP/NX, and shadow stacks on all platforms
  • Sandboxing: Isolate vulnerable components using seccomp, pledge, or process isolation to contain successful exploits

Recent CVEs (17592)

EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH PATCH This Week

A use-after-free vulnerability in the Linux kernel's macvlan driver allows local attackers with user privileges to cause memory corruption and potential privilege escalation through improper RCU synchronization in the macvlan_forward_source() function. The flaw stems from missing RCU protection when clearing vlan pointers during source entry deletion, enabling attackers to access freed memory structures. No patch is currently available for this HIGH severity vulnerability affecting Linux distributions.

Information Disclosure Linux Google +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.1
HIGH POC PATCH This Week

Integer overflow in iccDEV's ICC profile parsing (versions 2.3.1.1 and below) allows remote attackers to corrupt memory or trigger denial of service by crafting malicious profile headers with tampered tag tables or offset fields, with public exploit code available. The vulnerability can potentially enable arbitrary code execution or bypass security checks in applications using affected iccDEV libraries. Users should upgrade to version 2.3.1.2 or later to remediate this risk.

Memory Corruption Integer Overflow Iccdev +1
NVD GitHub
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH PATCH Act Now

The Linux kernel NFSv4 grace period handler contains a use-after-free vulnerability in the v4_end_grace function that can be triggered by local attackers with unprivileged access, allowing them to read or modify sensitive kernel memory or cause a denial of service. The vulnerability arises from improper synchronization between the grace period shutdown logic and the NFSv4 client tracking mechanism, which can result in memory being accessed after it has been freed. A patch is available to add proper locking that prevents concurrent access to the vulnerable code path.

Authentication Bypass Linux Use After Free +1
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.7
HIGH POC PATCH This Week

Denial of service and potential remote code execution affects FreeRDP RDP clients prior to version 3.21.0, where deleting an offscreen bitmap leaves the gdi->drawing pointer referencing freed memory and subsequent update packets trigger a use-after-free (CWE-416). A malicious or compromised RDP server can drive a connected client into the freed-memory access, reliably crashing it and potentially corrupting the heap for code execution depending on allocator state. Publicly available exploit code exists, though EPSS exploitation probability is low (0.17%, 38th percentile) and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.

Denial Of Service Use After Free Memory Corruption +1
NVD GitHub VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.7
HIGH POC PATCH This Week

Client-side denial of service in the FreeRDP RDP client (X11 frontend) prior to version 3.21.0 lets a malicious or compromised RDP server crash the connecting client and potentially corrupt its heap. The flaw is a double-free of the cursor pixel buffer in xf_Pointer_New: on an allocation/setup failure the function frees cursorPixels, and a later pointer_free call invokes xf_Pointer_Free which frees the same buffer again (CWE-416 use-after-free/double-free). Publicly available exploit code exists and an EPSS of 0.17% indicates currently low probability of widespread exploitation; impact is rated availability-only (VA:H), though the description notes heap-corruption could escalate to code execution depending on allocator behavior.

Denial Of Service Use After Free Memory Corruption +1
NVD GitHub VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL POC PATCH Act Now

FreeRDP client before 3.20.1 has a heap buffer overflow in AUDIN format processing. A malicious RDP server can corrupt memory and crash the client. PoC available.

Denial Of Service Memory Corruption Red Hat +2
NVD GitHub VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH This Week

Arbitrary code execution in Substance 3D Modeler 1.22.4 and earlier via out-of-bounds write vulnerability when processing malicious files. An attacker can execute code with the privileges of the user who opens a crafted file, requiring social engineering for successful exploitation. No patch is currently available for this vulnerability.

RCE Buffer Overflow Memory Corruption +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH This Week

Arbitrary code execution in Substance 3D Modeler versions 1.22.4 and earlier results from an out-of-bounds write vulnerability triggered when users open malicious files. An attacker can leverage this to execute code with the privileges of the current user, with no patch currently available to remediate the issue.

RCE Buffer Overflow Memory Corruption +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH This Week

Arbitrary code execution in Substance 3D Designer 15.0.3 and earlier results from an out-of-bounds write vulnerability triggered when users open specially crafted files. An attacker can leverage this to execute code with the privileges of the affected user, though exploitation requires social engineering to deliver the malicious file. No patch is currently available.

RCE Buffer Overflow Memory Corruption +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH This Week

Arbitrary code execution in Substance 3D Sampler 5.1.0 and earlier through an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that requires a user to open a malicious file. An attacker can execute commands with the privileges of the current user on the affected system. No patch is currently available for this vulnerability.

RCE Buffer Overflow Memory Corruption +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH This Week

Arbitrary code execution in Adobe Substance 3D Painter versions 11.0.3 and earlier through an out-of-bounds write flaw allows attackers to execute commands with user privileges when a victim opens a crafted file. The vulnerability requires user interaction but carries high impact potential across confidentiality, integrity, and availability. No patch is currently available for affected users.

RCE Buffer Overflow Memory Corruption +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH This Week

Arbitrary code execution in Substance 3D Stager 3.1.5 and earlier stems from a use-after-free vulnerability that executes with the privileges of the current user. An attacker can exploit this by crafting a malicious file that triggers the vulnerability when opened by a victim, requiring user interaction to activate the attack. No patch is currently available for this vulnerability.

RCE Denial Of Service Use After Free +3
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH This Week

Arbitrary code execution in Adobe InDesign versions 21.0, 19.5.5 and earlier through an uninitialized pointer vulnerability that executes with user privileges when a victim opens a crafted file. This local attack requires user interaction but offers no patch availability and affects all current InDesign users.

RCE Memory Corruption Adobe +1
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH This Week

Arbitrary code execution in Adobe InDesign versions 21.0, 19.5.5 and earlier through an uninitialized pointer vulnerability that executes with user privileges when a victim opens a crafted file. The attack requires no special privileges or system access, making it a significant risk for InDesign users who may inadvertently open malicious documents. No patch is currently available.

RCE Memory Corruption Adobe +1
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH PATCH This Week

Privilege escalation in Windows Management Services affects Windows Server 2019, 2022 23h2, and 2025 through a use-after-free vulnerability that allows authenticated local attackers to gain elevated system privileges. The flaw requires low privileges and manual user interaction to trigger, potentially giving attackers complete system control. No patch is currently available for this vulnerability.

Denial Of Service Use After Free Memory Corruption +11
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH PATCH This Week

Windows Win32K use-after-free vulnerability in ICOMP affects Windows 11 23h2 and Windows Server 2022 23h2, enabling authenticated local attackers to achieve privilege escalation with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Currently no patch is available, and exploitation requires local access with user-level privileges.

Denial Of Service Use After Free Memory Corruption +4
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH PATCH This Week

Local privilege escalation in Windows Desktop Window Manager (DWM) through use-after-free memory corruption affects Windows 10 22H2, Windows Server 2022, and Windows Server 2025. An authenticated local attacker can exploit this vulnerability to gain system-level privileges with no user interaction required. No patch is currently available for this high-severity vulnerability.

Denial Of Service Use After Free Memory Corruption +9
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH PATCH This Week

Privilege escalation in Windows Win32K ICOMP component via use-after-free memory corruption affects Windows 11 (24h2, 25h2) and Windows Server 2025. An authenticated local attacker can exploit this vulnerability to gain SYSTEM-level privileges with no user interaction required. Currently no patch is available and exploitation requires local access with user-level permissions.

Denial Of Service Use After Free Memory Corruption +4
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH PATCH This Week

Privilege escalation in Windows Management Services affects Windows 11 24H2, Windows Server 2022, and 2025 through a use-after-free memory vulnerability that allows authenticated local attackers to gain elevated system privileges. The vulnerability requires local access and manual user interaction is not required, making it exploitable by any authorized account on the system. Currently no patch is available to remediate this issue.

Denial Of Service Use After Free Memory Corruption +11
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH PATCH This Week

Windows 10 1607 is affected by access of resource using incompatible type (type confusion) (CVSS 7.8).

Information Disclosure Memory Corruption Microsoft +14
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH PATCH This Week

Kernel-mode driver use-after-free vulnerabilities in Windows 11 24H2 and Windows Server 2025 enable authenticated local attackers to achieve privilege escalation. An attacker with standard user privileges can exploit memory corruption in kernel drivers to gain SYSTEM-level access without user interaction. No patch is currently available.

Denial Of Service Use After Free Memory Corruption +4
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.5
HIGH PATCH This Week

Remote code execution in Windows LSASS (Local Security Authority Subsystem Service) on Windows 11 and Windows Server 2025 stems from a use-after-free memory vulnerability exploitable by authenticated attackers over the network. An attacker with valid credentials can trigger the flaw to execute arbitrary code with SYSTEM privileges, achieving complete system compromise. No patch is currently available, leaving affected systems vulnerable until Microsoft releases a security update.

Denial Of Service Use After Free Memory Corruption +4
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.0
HIGH PATCH This Week

Use after free in Windows DWM allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. [CVSS 7.0 HIGH]

Denial Of Service Use After Free Memory Corruption +9
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH PATCH This Week

Privilege escalation in Microsoft Graphics Component on Windows 11 25h2 and Windows Server 2019 exploits a use-after-free condition, enabling authenticated local attackers to gain elevated system privileges. The vulnerability requires moderate complexity to exploit and affects confidentiality, integrity, and availability of affected systems. No patch is currently available.

Denial Of Service Use After Free Memory Corruption +13
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL PATCH Act Now

Firefox JavaScript engine has a use-after-free vulnerability. Affects Firefox < 147, Firefox ESR < 140.7, Thunderbird < 147 and < 140.7.

Information Disclosure Use After Free Memory Corruption +1
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 8.8
HIGH PATCH This Week

A use-after-free vulnerability in the IPC component of Firefox (versions below 147 and ESR versions below 115.32/140.7) and Thunderbird (versions below 147 and 140.7) enables remote code execution when users interact with malicious content. The flaw requires user interaction and network access, allowing attackers to achieve full system compromise with high integrity and confidentiality impact. No patch is currently available for this vulnerability.

Information Disclosure Use After Free Memory Corruption +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 8.8
HIGH POC This Week

Llama.cpp server endpoints fail to validate the n_discard parameter from JSON input, allowing negative values that trigger out-of-bounds memory writes when the context buffer fills. This memory corruption vulnerability affects LLM inference operations and can be exploited remotely without authentication to crash the service or achieve code execution; public exploit code exists and no patch is currently available.

RCE Denial Of Service Memory Corruption +6
NVD GitHub
EPSS 22% 4.0 CVSS 9.3
CRITICAL KEV THREAT Emergency

Remote code execution in WatchGuard Fireware OS arises from an out-of-bounds write in the iked (IKE) daemon, letting an unauthenticated remote attacker run arbitrary code on Firebox appliances that use IKEv2 for mobile user VPN or for a branch office VPN with a dynamic gateway peer. Notably, appliances remain exposed even after those configurations are removed if any IKEv2 branch office VPN to a static gateway peer is still configured, widening the vulnerable population beyond current dynamic-peer setups. The CISA KEV catalog reference indicates confirmed active exploitation, and the CVSS 4.0 base score of 9.3 reflects unauthenticated network-facing RCE.

RCE Buffer Overflow Memory Corruption +3
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 8.8
HIGH KEV PATCH THREAT Act Now

WebKit arbitrary code execution via use-after-free memory corruption affects Safari 26.2, iOS/iPadOS 18.7.3 through 26.2, macOS Tahoe 26.2, tvOS 26.2, visionOS 26.2, and watchOS 26.2, allowing remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by convincing users to visit malicious websites. This vulnerability is confirmed actively exploited (CISA KEV) in extremely sophisticated targeted attacks against specific individuals on iOS versions prior to iOS 26, per Apple's security bulletin. EPSS score of 0.12% (32nd percentile) significantly understates real-world risk given confirmed exploitation. Related vulnerability CVE-2025-14174 was issued for the same exploitation campaign, suggesting a complex attack chain targeting Apple ecosystem users.

RCE Use After Free Memory Corruption +6
NVD
EPSS 0% 4.1 CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM POC KEV THREAT This Month

Apple kernel memory corruption in multiple operating systems allows a malicious application to cause unexpected system termination or write kernel memory via an out-of-bounds write flaw addressed in watchOS 26.1, iOS 18.7.2, and macOS Tahoe 26.1.

Buffer Overflow Memory Corruption Apple +5
NVD VulDB
EPSS 3% CVSS 7.8
HIGH KEV THREAT This Week

Local privilege escalation in the Windows Cloud Files Mini Filter Driver (cldflt.sys) allows an attacker who already holds low-privileged, authenticated code execution on a host to trigger a kernel use-after-free and elevate to SYSTEM. The bug affects supported Windows 10 builds (1809, 21H2, 22H2), Windows 11 builds (23H2, 24H2, 25H2), and Windows Server 2019, 2022 and 2022 23H2, and requires no user interaction and only low attack complexity once a local foothold exists (CVSS 7.8, AV:L/PR:L/UI:N). Microsoft has published fixes through the MSRC update guide and the issue is confirmed actively exploited (CISA KEV), making it a high-priority patch for endpoints, VDI and multi-user systems where unprivileged users can execute code.

Denial Of Service Use After Free Memory Corruption +11
NVD VulDB
EPSS 3% CVSS 8.8
HIGH KEV PATCH THREAT Act Now

Google Chrome V8 contains a type confusion vulnerability in the JavaScript engine, the second V8 type confusion zero-day in 2025, exploited in targeted attacks.

Information Disclosure Google Memory Corruption
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% 4.8 CVSS 8.8
HIGH POC KEV PATCH THREAT Act Now

A use-after-free issue was addressed with improved memory management. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and public exploit code available.

Buffer Overflow Use After Free Memory Corruption +3
NVD
EPSS 1% CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL KEV PATCH THREAT Act Now

Google Chrome V8 JavaScript engine contains a type confusion vulnerability enabling heap corruption through crafted HTML pages, exploited in the wild in June 2025.

Information Disclosure Google Memory Corruption
NVD VulDB
EPSS 69% 6.9 CVSS 9.3
CRITICAL POC KEV THREAT Emergency

WatchGuard Fireware OS contains an out-of-bounds write in IKEv2 VPN handling enabling unauthenticated remote code execution on WatchGuard firewalls.

RCE Buffer Overflow Memory Corruption +3
NVD GitHub
EPSS 5% CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL KEV THREAT Emergency

Remote code execution in Samsung Android's Quram image codec (libimagecodec.quram.so) allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected devices running Android 13.0 with SMR levels prior to Sep-2025 Release 1 by supplying a crafted image. This is confirmed actively exploited (CISA KEV), and exploitation requires no authentication or user interaction, though the malicious image must reach an auto-decoding path such as messaging previews or thumbnail generation; code execution occurs in the context of the invoking component. EPSS is 4.91% (90th percentile), indicating elevated risk, and the CVSS is 9.8.

RCE Buffer Overflow Memory Corruption +2
NVD
EPSS 2% CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL KEV THREAT Emergency

Remote code execution in Samsung Android 13's Quram image codec (libimagecodec.quram.so) allows unauthenticated, zero-click attackers to corrupt memory by having the device decode a crafted image, per the CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N vector scoring 9.8. The flaw is confirmed actively exploited (CISA KEV) and was observed in the wild as part of the LANDFALL commercial-grade Android spyware chain, with EPSS at 1.84% (83rd percentile) - low in absolute terms but elevated in rank, consistent with targeted rather than mass exploitation. Only devices running Samsung Android 13 builds with security patch levels prior to SMR Apr-2025 Release 1 are affected, and exploitation in the wild has been selective, so the primary exposure driver is unpatched devices still receiving/dismissing images through messaging and media pipelines.

RCE Buffer Overflow Memory Corruption +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 8.8
HIGH KEV PATCH THREAT Act Now

Android Chrome sandbox contains a use-after-free enabling sandbox escape and local privilege escalation to attack the Android system_server process.

Privilege Escalation Denial Of Service Chrome +4
NVD
EPSS 1% 5.0 CVSS 10.0
CRITICAL POC KEV THREAT Emergency

Apple iOS/iPadOS contain an out-of-bounds write in image processing that allows code execution through malicious images, exploited in extremely sophisticated targeted attacks against specific individuals.

Buffer Overflow Memory Corruption Apple
NVD GitHub
EPSS 0% 4.6 CVSS 8.1
HIGH POC KEV PATCH THREAT Act Now

Chrome's V8 engine contains a type confusion vulnerability (CVE-2025-6554, CVSS 8.1) enabling arbitrary read/write operations through crafted HTML pages. KEV-listed with public PoC, type confusion in V8 is the most reliable class of browser exploitation primitives, providing full memory read/write capability for code execution within the renderer sandbox.

Information Disclosure Chrome Google +4
NVD GitHub
EPSS 0% CVSS 8.6
HIGH KEV THREAT Act Now

A second Qualcomm GPU micronode memory corruption vulnerability (CVE-2025-21479, CVSS 8.6) exists in the unauthorized command execution path during specific GPU command sequences. KEV-listed alongside CVE-2025-21480, this indicates a systemic issue in Qualcomm's GPU micronode command validation that is being actively exploited in mobile attack chains.

RCE Command Injection Memory Corruption +75
NVD
EPSS 1% CVSS 7.5
HIGH KEV THREAT Act Now

Qualcomm Adreno GPU drivers in Chrome contain a use-after-free vulnerability (CVE-2025-27038, CVSS 7.5) enabling memory corruption during graphics rendering. KEV-listed, this vulnerability can be triggered through Chrome on Android devices with Qualcomm chipsets, providing a kernel-level exploitation path from web content.

Denial Of Service Chrome Google +46
NVD
EPSS 2% CVSS 8.6
HIGH KEV THREAT Act Now

Qualcomm GPU micronode contains a memory corruption vulnerability (CVE-2025-21480, CVSS 8.6) caused by unauthorized command execution during specific GPU command sequences. KEV-listed, this vulnerability enables privilege escalation from the GPU context, potentially allowing app-level attackers to gain kernel access through the GPU driver on Qualcomm-based Android devices.

RCE Command Injection Memory Corruption +76
NVD
EPSS 3% 4.9 CVSS 8.8
HIGH POC KEV PATCH THREAT Act Now

Chrome's V8 JavaScript engine contains an out-of-bounds read and write vulnerability (CVE-2025-5419, CVSS 8.8) enabling remote heap corruption through crafted HTML pages. KEV-listed with EPSS 3.0% and public PoC, this vulnerability provides both read and write primitives in V8's heap, making it highly reliable for exploitation.

Chrome Google Memory Corruption +4
NVD GitHub
EPSS 1% CVSS 7.8
HIGH KEV THREAT Act Now

Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock contains a use-after-free enabling local privilege escalation through a null pointer dereference, exploited in May 2025.

Windows Denial Of Service Use After Free +17
NVD VulDB
EPSS 2% CVSS 7.8
HIGH KEV THREAT Act Now

Windows Common Log File System Driver contains another use-after-free for local privilege escalation, the latest in a series of CLFS kernel vulnerabilities exploited throughout 2023-2025.

Windows Denial Of Service Use After Free +17
NVD
EPSS 1% CVSS 7.8
HIGH KEV THREAT Act Now

Windows Desktop Window Manager (DWM) contains a use-after-free enabling local privilege escalation, exploited in the wild in May 2025 as another DWM zero-day.

Windows Denial Of Service Use After Free +12
NVD
EPSS 21% CVSS 7.5
HIGH POC KEV THREAT Act Now

Microsoft Scripting Engine contains a type confusion vulnerability allowing unauthorized remote code execution over the network through crafted content processed by the scripting engine.

Authentication Bypass Memory Corruption Microsoft +15
NVD Exploit-DB
EPSS 2% 5.0 CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL POC KEV THREAT Emergency

Apple CoreAudio contains a memory corruption vulnerability exploitable through maliciously crafted audio streams in media files, enabling code execution. Exploited in extremely sophisticated targeted attacks in April 2025.

RCE Buffer Overflow Memory Corruption +1
NVD GitHub
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH POC KEV THREAT Act Now

Windows Common Log File System Driver contains a use-after-free enabling local privilege escalation, exploited in the wild in April 2025. CLFS driver vulnerabilities have become a recurring Windows kernel exploit target.

Windows Denial Of Service Use After Free +17
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 10.0
CRITICAL KEV PATCH THREAT Act Now

A critical out-of-bounds write in WebKit's rendering engine allows maliciously crafted web content to escape the Web Content sandbox, achieving native code execution on Apple devices. Rated CVSS 10.0 and KEV-listed, CVE-2025-24201 is a supplementary fix for a previously patched vulnerability that was being actively exploited in extremely sophisticated targeted attacks. Affects all Apple platforms: iOS, iPadOS, macOS, Safari, visionOS, and watchOS.

Buffer Overflow Memory Corruption Apple +6
NVD GitHub
EPSS 76% 5.4 CVSS 8.1
HIGH KEV PATCH THREAT Act Now

Arbitrary code execution in FreeType 2.13.0 and earlier via heap buffer overflow when parsing TrueType GX/variable font subglyph structures. Confirmed actively exploited in the wild (CISA KEV). Attack requires high complexity but no authentication, affecting widespread deployments including Android, Debian, and applications embedding FreeType for font rendering. EPSS score of 76.15% (99th percentile) reflects significant real-world exploitation risk. Vendor patches available; immediate upgrade to post-2.13.0 versions critical.

RCE Buffer Overflow Memory Corruption +3
NVD VulDB
EPSS 8% 4.9 CVSS 8.2
HIGH POC KEV THREAT Act Now

VMware ESXi contains an arbitrary write vulnerability that allows privileged VMX process users to trigger kernel writes, enabling escape from the VMX sandbox to the ESXi kernel.

Buffer Overflow Memory Corruption VMware +4
NVD GitHub
EPSS 25% 5.8 CVSS 10.0
CRITICAL POC KEV THREAT Emergency

Apple CoreMedia contains a use-after-free vulnerability allowing malicious applications to elevate privileges, exploited in the wild against iOS versions before iOS 17.2 as part of targeted surveillance operations.

Denial Of Service Use After Free Memory Corruption +1
NVD GitHub Exploit-DB VulDB
EPSS 9% CVSS 7.8
HIGH KEV PATCH THREAT Act Now

Windows Hyper-V NT Kernel Integration VSP contains a use-after-free vulnerability for local privilege escalation, the third of three Hyper-V zero-days exploited in January 2025.

Information Disclosure Use After Free Memory Corruption +8
NVD
EPSS 7% CVSS 7.8
HIGH KEV PATCH THREAT Act Now

Windows Hyper-V NT Kernel Integration VSP contains a use-after-free vulnerability allowing local privilege escalation, the second of three Hyper-V zero-days in January 2025.

Windows Information Disclosure Use After Free +9
NVD
EPSS 4% CVSS 7.8
HIGH KEV PATCH THREAT This Week

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: usb-audio: Fix potential out-of-bound accesses for Extigy and Mbox devices A bogus device can provide a bNumConfigurations. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability could allow attackers to write data beyond allocated buffer boundaries leading to code execution or crashes.

Buffer Overflow Linux Memory Corruption +3
NVD VulDB
EPSS 3% CVSS 7.8
HIGH KEV PATCH THREAT This Week

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: uvcvideo: Skip parsing frames of type UVC_VS_UNDEFINED in uvc_parse_format This can lead to out of bounds writes since. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability could allow attackers to write data beyond allocated buffer boundaries leading to code execution or crashes.

Buffer Overflow Linux Memory Corruption +3
NVD
EPSS 1% CVSS 7.8
HIGH KEV PATCH THREAT This Week

Memory corruption while maintaining memory maps of HLOS memory. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This Use After Free vulnerability could allow attackers to access freed memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.

Buffer Overflow Use After Free Memory Corruption +63
NVD
EPSS 28% CVSS 7.8
HIGH POC KEV PATCH THREAT This Week

Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.

Information Disclosure Use After Free Memory Corruption +16
NVD Exploit-DB
EPSS 39% CVSS 7.5
HIGH KEV PATCH THREAT This Week

Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. This Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type (Type Confusion) vulnerability could allow attackers to execute arbitrary code by exploiting type confusion in the application.

Buffer Overflow Memory Corruption Microsoft +14
NVD
EPSS 2% CVSS 7.8
HIGH KEV PATCH THREAT This Week

Windows Power Dependency Coordinator Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This Use After Free vulnerability could allow attackers to access freed memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.

Information Disclosure Use After Free Memory Corruption +15
NVD
EPSS 22% CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL KEV PATCH THREAT Act Now

vCenter Server contains a heap-overflow vulnerability in the implementation of the DCERPC protocol. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability could allow attackers to write data beyond allocated buffer boundaries leading to code execution or crashes.

RCE Buffer Overflow Memory Corruption +3
NVD
EPSS 3% CVSS 7.8
HIGH KEV PATCH THREAT This Week

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: fix __dst_negative_advice() race __dst_negative_advice() does not enforce proper RCU rules when sk->dst_cache must be cleared,. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This Use After Free vulnerability could allow attackers to access freed memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.

Information Disclosure Linux Use After Free +4
NVD
EPSS 1% CVSS 7.8
HIGH KEV THREAT This Week

Use After Free vulnerability in Arm Ltd Bifrost GPU Kernel Driver, Arm Ltd Valhall GPU Kernel Driver allows a local non-privileged user to make improper GPU memory processing operations to gain. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Denial Of Service Use After Free Memory Corruption +3
NVD
EPSS 15% CVSS 9.6
CRITICAL POC KEV THREAT Act Now

Type Confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 125.0.6422.60 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code inside a sandbox via a crafted HTML page. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.6), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

RCE Chrome Google +3
NVD HeroDevs
EPSS 93% 5.7 CVSS 7.3
HIGH POC THREAT Act Now

The iconv() function in the GNU C Library versions 2.39 and older may overflow the output buffer passed to it by up to 4 bytes when converting strings to the ISO-2022-CN-EXT character set, which may. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.3), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 92.6%.

Buffer Overflow Memory Corruption Debian +15
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH KEV THREAT Act Now

Kernel memory protection bypass in Apple's RTKit real-time operating system allows attackers with existing arbitrary kernel read/write primitives to defeat kernel hardening mitigations across iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS. The flaw is confirmed actively exploited (CISA KEV) and Apple has acknowledged in-the-wild abuse, making this a critical post-exploitation primitive used in chained attacks despite a modest EPSS score of 0.17%.

Buffer Overflow Memory Corruption Apple
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH POC KEV THREAT Act Now

Kernel memory protection bypass in Apple iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS allows a local attacker who already possesses arbitrary kernel read/write primitives to defeat additional kernel mitigations and achieve full kernel compromise. The flaw is confirmed actively exploited (CISA KEV) and Apple has acknowledged reports of exploitation, making this a critical post-exploitation primitive used in real-world attack chains despite a modest 0.16% EPSS score indicating targeted rather than mass exploitation.

Buffer Overflow Memory Corruption Apple
NVD VulDB GitHub
EPSS 83% 7.5 CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL POC KEV THREAT Emergency

A out-of-bounds write in Fortinet FortiOS versions 7.4.0 through 7.4.2, 7.2.0 through 7.2.6, 7.0.0 through 7.0.13, 6.4.0 through 6.4.14, 6.2.0 through 6.2.15, 6.0.0 through 6.0.17, FortiProxy. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

Buffer Overflow Fortinet Memory Corruption +2
NVD
EPSS 28% 5.4 CVSS 7.8
HIGH POC KEV PATCH THREAT Act Now

A use-after-free vulnerability in the Linux kernel's netfilter: nf_tables component can be exploited to achieve local privilege escalation. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.

Privilege Escalation Linux Use After Free +16
NVD GitHub VulDB
EPSS 1% CVSS 8.8
HIGH POC KEV THREAT Act Now

Arbitrary code execution in Apple WebKit affects Safari and the system browser engine across iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, and visionOS, where a type confusion flaw allows attackers to execute code via maliciously crafted web content. The vulnerability is confirmed actively exploited (CISA KEV) and was used in the Coruna exploit chain against older iOS devices before being backported to legacy versions. EPSS sits at 0.62% (70th percentile), consistent with targeted exploitation rather than mass scanning.

RCE Memory Corruption Apple
NVD VulDB GitHub
EPSS 0% 4.6 CVSS 7.8
HIGH POC KEV THREAT Act Now

A use-after-free issue was addressed with improved memory management. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and public exploit code available.

RCE Use After Free Memory Corruption +4
NVD
EPSS 2% 4.6 CVSS 7.8
HIGH POC KEV PATCH THREAT Act Now

Use-after-free in the Linux kernel's nftables subsystem allows local privilege escalation to root when a cross-table object or expression references an nft set that is subsequently freed upon table deletion. Confirmed actively exploited (CISA KEV) with publicly available exploit code, this flaw affects Linux kernel versions up to and including 6.0, with explicit Ubuntu distribution coverage spanning 14.04 ESM through 22.04 LTS. On systems where unprivileged user namespaces are enabled by default - including Ubuntu LTS releases - any local user can obtain the necessary capability to trigger the vulnerability without elevated account permissions.

Information Disclosure Use After Free Memory Corruption +2
NVD
EPSS 7% CVSS 8.8
HIGH POC KEV THREAT This Week

Heap buffer overflow in WebRTC in Google Chrome prior to 120.0.6099.129 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

Buffer Overflow Chrome Google +5
NVD
EPSS 1% CVSS 7.8
HIGH KEV PATCH THREAT This Week

Memory corruption while submitting a large list of sync points in an AUX command to the IOCTL_KGSL_GPU_AUX_COMMAND. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.

Buffer Overflow Memory Corruption Qualcomm +147
NVD
EPSS 1% CVSS 7.8
HIGH KEV PATCH THREAT This Week

Memory corruption in DSP Services during a remote call from HLOS to DSP. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This Use After Free vulnerability could allow attackers to access freed memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.

Buffer Overflow Use After Free Memory Corruption +281
NVD
EPSS 9% CVSS 8.8
HIGH KEV THREAT This Week

A memory corruption vulnerability was addressed with improved locking. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

RCE Buffer Overflow Memory Corruption +10
NVD
EPSS 1% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM KEV THREAT This Month

A local non-privileged user can make improper GPU memory processing operations to gain access to already freed memory. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Information Disclosure Use After Free Memory Corruption +5
NVD
EPSS 49% CVSS 8.8
HIGH POC KEV PATCH THREAT This Week

Heap buffer overflow in vp8 encoding in libvpx in Google Chrome prior to 117.0.5938.132 and libvpx 1.13.1 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.

Buffer Overflow Chrome Google +18
NVD GitHub
EPSS 2% CVSS 6.6
MEDIUM KEV THREAT This Month

A vulnerability in the Cisco Group Encrypted Transport VPN (GET VPN) feature of Cisco IOS Software and Cisco IOS XE Software could allow an authenticated, remote attacker who has administrative. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.6), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.

RCE Buffer Overflow Denial Of Service +5
NVD
EPSS 7% CVSS 7.8
HIGH POC KEV THREAT This Week

Acrobat Reader versions 23.003.20284 (and earlier), 20.005.30516 (and earlier) and 20.005.30514 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

RCE Buffer Overflow Memory Corruption +5
NVD GitHub
EPSS 26% CVSS 7.8
HIGH KEV PATCH THREAT This Week

Microsoft Streaming Service Proxy Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This Use After Free vulnerability could allow attackers to access freed memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.

Information Disclosure Use After Free Memory Corruption +8
NVD
EPSS 100% CVSS 8.8
HIGH POC KEV PATCH THREAT This Week

Heap buffer overflow in libwebp in Google Chrome prior to 116.0.5845.187 and libwebp 1.3.2 allowed a remote attacker to perform an out of bounds memory write via a crafted HTML page. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.

Buffer Overflow Chrome Google +20
NVD GitHub
EPSS 38% CVSS 8.8
HIGH KEV PATCH THREAT This Week

Type Confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 116.0.5845.179 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via a crafted HTML page. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type (Type Confusion) vulnerability could allow attackers to execute arbitrary code by exploiting type confusion in the application.

RCE Chrome Google +7
NVD
EPSS 99% CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL POC THREAT Emergency

An attacker can send a specially crafted message to the Wavelink Avalanche Manager, which could result in service disruption or arbitrary code execution. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

RCE Buffer Overflow Memory Corruption +2
NVD Exploit-DB
EPSS 24% CVSS 8.8
HIGH KEV THREAT This Week

A type confusion issue was addressed with improved checks. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

RCE Memory Corruption Apple +5
NVD
EPSS 23% CVSS 8.8
HIGH KEV THREAT This Week

A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved state management. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

RCE Buffer Overflow Memory Corruption +5
NVD
EPSS 12% CVSS 8.8
HIGH KEV THREAT This Week

A use-after-free issue was addressed with improved memory management. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

RCE Use After Free Memory Corruption +10
NVD
EPSS 33% 5.7 CVSS 8.8
HIGH POC KEV THREAT Act Now

Type confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 114.0.5735.110 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

Information Disclosure Google Memory Corruption +7
NVD
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Quick Facts

Typical Severity
HIGH
Category
memory
Total CVEs
17592

MITRE ATT&CK

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