Buffer Overflow
A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.
How It Works
A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions. This overwrites whatever data or code exists there, corrupting program state and potentially giving attackers control over execution flow.
Stack-based overflows are the most common variant. When a function allocates a fixed-size buffer on the stack and then copies user-controlled input without proper bounds checking, attackers can overflow past the buffer to overwrite the function's return address. When the function completes, instead of returning to legitimate code, execution jumps to attacker-specified memory containing malicious shellcode. Heap-based overflows work differently—they corrupt heap metadata like chunk size fields or free list pointers, leading to arbitrary memory writes when the allocator processes the corrupted structures.
Modern exploitation bypasses defensive mechanisms through techniques like Return-Oriented Programming (ROP), which chains together existing code snippets to avoid non-executable memory protections. Attackers may also use heap spraying to reliably position shellcode at predictable addresses, defeating address randomization.
Impact
- Remote code execution — attacker gains ability to run arbitrary commands with the privileges of the vulnerable process
- Privilege escalation — exploiting kernel or setuid program overflows to gain root/SYSTEM access
- Denial of service — crashes and memory corruption that render systems unusable
- Information disclosure — reading sensitive data from adjacent memory regions that should be inaccessible
- Authentication bypass — overwriting security-critical variables like permission flags or user IDs
Real-World Examples
Fortinet FortiOS suffered a critical buffer overflow (CVE-2025-32756) that allowed unauthenticated remote attackers to execute code as root on firewalls and VPN gateways. Attackers actively exploited this to compromise enterprise network perimeters before patches were available.
The Slammer worm from 2003 exploited a stack overflow in Microsoft SQL Server, spreading to 75,000 hosts in ten minutes by sending a single malformed UDP packet that overwrote the return address with shellcode. No authentication was required.
OpenSSH historically contained a heap overflow in challenge-response authentication that allowed pre-authentication remote root compromise on Unix systems, demonstrating how memory corruption in privileged network services creates maximum impact scenarios.
Mitigation
- Memory-safe languages — Rust, Go, and modern managed languages prevent buffer overflows by design through automatic bounds checking
- Stack canaries — random values placed before return addresses that detect corruption before control transfer
- Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) — randomizes memory locations making exploitation less reliable
- Data Execution Prevention (DEP/NX) — marks memory regions as non-executable, preventing direct shellcode execution
- Bounds checking — validate input sizes before copying, use safe functions like
strncpyinstead ofstrcpy - Fuzzing and static analysis — automated testing to discover overflows before deployment
Recent CVEs (41353)
Use-after-free vulnerability in the BitmapData class in the ActionScript 3 (AS3) implementation in Adobe Flash Player 13.x through 13.0.0.302 on Windows and OS X, 14.x through 18.0.0.203 on Windows. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and EPSS exploitation probability 47.6%.
Use-after-free vulnerability in the DisplayObject class in the ActionScript 3 (AS3) implementation in Adobe Flash Player 13.x through 13.0.0.302 on Windows and OS X, 14.x through 18.0.0.203 on. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and public exploit code available.
Remote code execution in Adobe Flash Player 11.x through 18.x allows unauthenticated network attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted Flash content exploiting a use-after-free flaw in the ByteArray class. Confirmed actively exploited (CISA KEV) in July 2015 following the Hacking Team data breach, which exposed weaponized exploit code targeting this vulnerability. With EPSS score of 93.21% (100th percentile) and publicly available proof-of-concept, this represents critical risk to unpatched Flash installations across Windows, OS X, and Linux platforms. Vendor-released patches available via Adobe APSB15-16.
Adobe Flash Player contains a heap-based buffer overflow that allows remote code execution, exploited as a zero-day in June 2015 by APT3 (a Chinese cyber espionage group) in phishing campaigns targeting aerospace and defense organizations.
Stack-based buffer overflow in AirTies Air 6372, 5760, 5750, 5650TT, 5453, 5444TT, 5443, 5442, 5343, 5342, 5341, and 5021 DSL modems with firmware 1.0.2.0 and earlier allows remote attackers to. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 77.0%.
Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.292 and 14.x through 18.x before 18.0.0.160 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.466 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.144 on Windows and before 18.0.0.143 on OS X. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 90.3%.
win32k.sys in the kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP2 and R2 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and EPSS exploitation probability 11.6%.
Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.289 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.188 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.460 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 17.0.0.172, Adobe AIR SDK before 17.0.0.172, and. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 89.8%.
Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.281 and 14.x through 17.x before 17.0.0.169 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.457 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and public exploit code available.
Microsoft Word 2007 through 2013 and SharePoint components contain a memory corruption vulnerability in RTF processing that allows remote code execution, heavily exploited by multiple APT groups throughout 2015-2017.
Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.269 and 14.x through 16.x before 16.0.0.305 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.442 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 89.2%.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the __nss_hostname_digits_dots function in glibc 2.2, and other 2.x versions before 2.18, allows context-dependent attackers to execute arbitrary code via vectors. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 86.7%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.259 and 14.x and 15.x before 15.0.0.246 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.425 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and no vendor patch available.
Buffer overflow in Hikvision DVR DS-7204 Firmware 2.2.10 build 131009, and other models and versions, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via an RTSP PLAY request with a long. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 78.6%.
Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.258 and 14.x and 15.x before 15.0.0.239 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.424 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 15.0.0.293, Adobe AIR SDK before 15.0.0.302, and Adobe. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and EPSS exploitation probability 27.1%.
Buffer overflow in login.cgi in MiniHttpd in Belkin N750 Router with firmware before F9K1103_WW_1.10.17m allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long string in the jump parameter. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 82.9%.
Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.252 and 14.x and 15.x before 15.0.0.223 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.418 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 15.0.0.356, Adobe AIR SDK before 15.0.0.356, and Adobe. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 86.8%.
OleAut32.dll in OLE in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and public exploit code available.
Buffer overflow in ALLPlayer 5.6.2 through 5.8.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code via a long string in a .m3u (playlist) file. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 82.1%.
Heap-based buffer overflow in IOHIDFamily in Apple iOS before 8 and Apple TV before 7 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context via an application that provides crafted. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and public exploit code available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.244 and 14.x and 15.x before 15.0.0.152 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.406 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 15.0.0.249 on Windows and. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 86.0%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the acdb_ioctl function in audio_acdb.c in the acdb audio driver for the Linux kernel 2.6.x and 3.x, as used in Qualcomm Innovation Center (QuIC) Android contributions. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.4), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and no vendor patch available.
Multiple stack-based buffer overflows in Advantech WebAccess before 7.2 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long string in the (1) ProjectName, (2) SetParameter, (3) NodeName, (4). Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 40.2%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in BKFSim_vhfd.exe in Yokogawa CENTUM CS 1000, CENTUM CS 3000 R3.09.50 and earlier, CENTUM VP R5.03.20 and earlier, Exaopc R3.72.00 and earlier, B/M9000CS R5.05.01 and. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 29.0%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in AccessServer32.exe in Ericom AccessNow Server allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a request for a non-existent file. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 78.7%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the do_hnap function in www/my_cgi.cgi in D-Link DSP-W215 (Rev. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 84.3%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in Easy File Sharing (EFS) Web Server 6.8 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long string in a cookie UserID parameter to vfolder.ghp. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 77.2%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in BKESimmgr.exe in the Expanded Test Functions package in Yokogawa CENTUM CS 1000, CENTUM CS 3000 Entry Class R3.09.50 and earlier, CENTUM VP R5.03.00 and earlier, CENTUM. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 39.8%.
Buffer overflow in PCMan's FTP Server 2.0.7 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long string in a USER command. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 74.5%.
The n_tty_write function in drivers/tty/n_tty.c in the Linux kernel through 3.14.3 does not properly manage tty driver access in the "LECHO & !OPOST" case, which allows local users to cause a denial. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and public exploit code available.
Buffer overflow in Adobe Flash Player before 11.7.700.279 and 11.8.x through 13.0.x before 13.0.0.206 on Windows and OS X, and before 11.2.202.356 on Linux, allows remote attackers to execute. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 92.6%.
Internet Explorer 6 through 11 contain a use-after-free vulnerability in CMarkup::IsConnectedToPrimaryMarkup that allows remote code execution, exploited as a zero-day in April 2014 with initial attribution to APT groups.
The (1) TLS and (2) DTLS implementations in OpenSSL 1.0.1 before 1.0.1g do not properly handle Heartbeat Extension packets, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information from process. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and public exploit code available.
Microsoft Word 2003 through 2013 contain a memory corruption vulnerability in RTF file parsing that allows remote code execution, exploited as a zero-day in targeted attacks against government and military organizations.
Stack-based buffer overflow in BKBCopyD.exe in Yokogawa CENTUM CS 3000 R3.09.50 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted TCP packet. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Stack-based buffer overflow in BKHOdeq.exe in Yokogawa CENTUM CS 3000 R3.09.50 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted TCP packet. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Use-after-free vulnerability in Microsoft Internet Explorer 9 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a certain sequence of. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 86.4%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the ReadFile function in flt_BMP.dll in Chasys Draw IES before 4.11.02 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted biPlanes and biBitCount fields in a. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 76.1%.
Buffer overflow in the mpeg_read function in wiretap/mpeg.c in the MPEG parser in Wireshark 1.8.x before 1.8.13 and 1.10.x before 1.10.6 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 66.9%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in GetGo Download Manager 4.9.0.1982, 4.8.2.1346, 4.4.5.502, and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) and execute arbitrary code via a long. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 76.6%.
Multiple stack-based buffer overflows in Csound before 5.16.6 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted (1) hetro file to the getnum function in util/heti_main.c or (2) PVOC file. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 75.4%.
Buffer overflow in Poster Software PUBLISH-iT 3.6d allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted PUI file. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 81.6%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the rf_report_error function in ermapper_u.dll in Intergraph ERDAS ER Viewer before 13.0.1.1301 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 66.7%.
Multiple stack-based buffer overflows in RealNetworks RealPlayer before 17.0.4.61 on Windows, and Mac RealPlayer before 12.0.1.1738, allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long (1). Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 79.3%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in IcoFX 2.5 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long idCount value in an ICONDIR structure in an ICO file. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 80.6%.
Multiple stack-based buffer overflows in cgi/close_window.cgi in the web interface in the Intelligent Platform Management Interface (IPMI) with firmware before 3.15 (SMT_X9_315) on Supermicro X9. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 86.4%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in IBM Forms Viewer 4.x before 4.0.0.3 and 8.x before 8.0.1.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via an XFDL form with a long fontname value. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 68.3%.
Buffer overflow in VideoCharge Software Watermark Master 2.2.23 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long string in the SourcePath value in a .wcf file. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 65.0%.
The InformationCardSigninHelper Class ActiveX control in icardie.dll in Microsoft Windows XP SP2 and SP3, Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and public exploit code available.
Use-after-free vulnerability in the CDisplayPointer class in mshtml.dll in Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and public exploit code available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 through 8 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 81.2%.
Adobe Reader and Acrobat 9.x before 9.5.5, 10.x before 10.1.7, and 11.x before 11.0.03 allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and public exploit code available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 through 10 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 78.9%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in Ultra Mini HTTPD 1.21 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long resource name in an HTTP request. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 81.8%.
The ngx_http_parse_chunked function in http/ngx_http_parse.c in nginx 1.3.9 through 1.4.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) and execute arbitrary code via a chunked. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 93.0%.
Internet Explorer 8 through 10 contain a memory corruption vulnerability allowing remote code execution via crafted websites, used in targeted attacks against defense and aerospace organizations in 2013.
Stack-based buffer overflow in db_netserver in Lianja SQL Server before 1.0.0RC5.2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 67.2%.
Mozilla Firefox before 22.0, Firefox ESR 17.x before 17.0.7, Thunderbird before 17.0.7, and Thunderbird ESR 17.x before 17.0.7 do not properly handle onreadystatechange events in conjunction with. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and public exploit code available.
Buffer overflow in Microsoft Office 2003 SP3 and Office 2011 for Mac allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted PNG data in an Office document, leading to improper memory. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and EPSS exploitation probability 88.9%.
The EPATHOBJ::pprFlattenRec function in Windows win32k.sys fails to properly initialize list pointers, allowing local users to gain SYSTEM privileges through kernel-mode code execution on Windows XP through Windows 8.
Buffer overflow in Apple QuickTime before 7.7.4 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (application crash) via crafted dref atoms in a movie file. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 81.3%.
Buffer overflow in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 9.x before 9.5.5, 10.x before 10.1.7, and 11.x before 11.0.03 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 79.6%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the ERM_convert_to_correct_webpath function in ermapper_u.dll in ERDAS ER Viewer before 13.00.0001 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 65.4%.
Buffer overflow in the c1sizer ActiveX control in C1sizer.ocx in IBM SPSS SamplePower 3.0 before FP1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long TabCaption string. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 66.2%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the receive_tcppacket function in net_packet.c in tinc before 1.0.21 and 1.1 before 1.1pre7 allows remote authenticated peers to cause a denial of service (crash) or. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 65.5%.
Integer overflow in the fb_mmap function in drivers/video/fbmem.c in the Linux kernel before 3.8.9, as used in a certain Motorola build of Android 4.1.2 and other products, allows local users to. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and public exploit code available.
The NVIDIA driver before 307.78, and Release 310 before 311.00, in the NVIDIA Display Driver service on Windows does not properly handle exceptions, which allows local users to gain privileges or. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.2), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the web server in Cogent Real-Time Systems Cogent DataHub before 7.3.0, OPC DataHub before 6.4.22, Cascade DataHub before 6.4.22 on Windows, and DataHub QuickTrend. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 51.7%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in Firebird 2.1.3 through 2.1.5 before 18514, and 2.5.1 through 2.5.3 before 26623, on Windows allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted packet to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 86.7%.
The color management (CMM) functionality in the 2D component in Oracle Java SE 7 Update 15 and earlier, 6 Update 41 and earlier, and 5.0 Update 40 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 93.0%.
Multiple stack-based buffer overflows in AntDS.exe in BigAntSoft BigAnt IM Message Server allow remote attackers to have an unspecified impact via (1) the filename header in an SCH request or (2) the. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 76.5%.
Buffer overflow in kingMess.exe 65.20.2003.10300 in WellinTech KingView 6.52, kingMess.exe 65.20.2003.10400 in KingView 6.53, and kingMess.exe 65.50.2011.18049 in KingView 6.55 allows remote. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 58.3%.
Buffer overflow in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 9.x before 9.5.4, 10.x before 10.1.6, and 11.x before 11.0.02 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted PDF document, as exploited in. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and EPSS exploitation probability 88.0%.
Adobe Reader and Acrobat 9.x before 9.5.4, 10.x before 10.1.6, and 11.x before 11.0.02 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and public exploit code available.
Adobe Flash Player before 10.3.183.51 and 11.x before 11.5.502.149 on Windows and Mac OS X, before 10.3.183.51 and 11.x before 11.2.202.262 on Linux, before 11.1.111.32 on Android 2.x and 3.x, and. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 90.3%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the ExecuteSoapAction function in the SOAPAction handler in the HTTP service in MiniUPnP MiniUPnPd 1.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 65.9%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the unique_service_name function in ssdp/ssdp_server.c in the SSDP parser in the portable SDK for UPnP Devices (aka libupnp, formerly the Intel SDK for UPnP devices). Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 88.6%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in Sysax Multi Server before 5.52, when HTTP is enabled, allows remote authenticated users with the create folder permission to execute arbitrary code via a crafted. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.1), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 63.8%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the reader in CoolPDF 3.0.2.256 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a PDF document with a crafted stream. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 65.9%.
Multiple stack-based buffer overflows in the get_history function in history.cgi in Nagios Core before 3.4.4, and Icinga 1.6.x before 1.6.2, 1.7.x before 1.7.4, and 1.8.x before 1.8.4, might allow. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 79.9%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the Novell NCP implementation in NetIQ eDirectory 8.8.7.x before 8.8.7.2 allows remote attackers to have an unspecified impact via unknown vectors. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 85.2%.
Buffer overflow in RealNetworks RealPlayer before 16.0.0.282 and RealPlayer SP 1.0 through 1.1.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted RealMedia file. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 76.9%.
Microsoft Word 2003 SP3, 2007 SP2 and SP3, and 2010 SP1; Word Viewer; Office Compatibility Pack SP2 and SP3; and Office Web Apps 2010 SP1 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and EPSS exploitation probability 84.4%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in uam.exe in the User Access Manager (UAM) component in HP Intelligent Management Center (IMC) before 5.1 E0101P01 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 73.4%.
Buffer overflow in the plugin in Apple QuickTime before 7.7.3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (application crash) via a crafted MIME type. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 78.1%.
Multiple buffer overflows in Apple QuickTime before 7.7.3 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (application crash) via a crafted style element in a QuickTime. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 79.1%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in SR10 FTP server (SR10.exe) 1.1.0.6 in Ricoh DC Software DL-10 4.5.0.1, when the Log file name option is enabled, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 49.9%.
Buffer overflow in the CxDbgPrint function in the ipswcom.dll ActiveX component 1.0.0.1 for ASUS Net4Switch 1.0.0020 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long parameter to the. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 84.3%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the UltraMJCam ActiveX Control in TRENDnet SecurView TV-IP121WN Wireless Internet Camera allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long string to the. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 81.2%.
Multiple stack-based buffer overflows in the BackupToAvi method in the (1) UMS_Ctrl 1.5.1.1 and (2) UMS_Ctrl_STW 2.0.1.0 ActiveX controls in Samsung NET-i viewer 1.37.120316 allow remote attackers to. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 69.4%.