Heap Overflow
Monthly
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Desktop Window Manager (DWM) Core Library enables any standard authenticated local user to gain full SYSTEM-level control across a wide range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server deployments. The vulnerability arises from a type confusion condition in the DWM Core Library - though the CWE-122 classification and vendor tags ('Heap Overflow', 'Buffer Overflow') indicate the confusion likely manifests through or triggers a heap-based memory corruption primitive. Microsoft has released patches across all affected versions; no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation via heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Kernel (CWE-122) affects a broad span of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases from 2016 through 2025. An authenticated local attacker exploiting this flaw can gain SYSTEM-level privileges, achieving full control over confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the target system. No public exploit code and no active exploitation (CISA KEV) have been identified at time of analysis; a vendor patch is available.
Privilege escalation via heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows USB Driver (CWE-122) affects a broad range of Microsoft Windows client and server platforms, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. An authenticated local attacker with low privileges can exploit this kernel-mode heap corruption to achieve full system compromise - gaining complete confidentiality, integrity, and availability over the affected host. Microsoft has released patches across all affected versions via the MSRC advisory; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation via heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Display Enhancement Service allows a local low-privileged attacker to gain SYSTEM-level control across a broad swath of Windows desktop and server releases. The vulnerability carries a CVSS 7.8 High score with full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact upon successful exploitation. No public exploit code has been identified and it is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog at time of analysis, but the breadth of affected versions - spanning Windows 10 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2019 through 2025 - makes patching a meaningful operational priority.
Windows Hyper-V across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases contains a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) that enables a locally authenticated low-privileged attacker to disclose confidential memory contents. The CVSS vector (AV:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N) constrains the attack to local access with required user interaction and produces no integrity or availability impact. No public exploit has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog at the time of analysis.
Privilege escalation via heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Storage subsystem affects a wide range of Windows 11 and Windows Server 2022/2025 builds. An attacker already holding a standard (low-privileged) local user account can exploit the memory corruption flaw to gain full SYSTEM-level control - no user interaction or elevated starting privileges required beyond basic logon. Microsoft has released patches across all affected branches; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the low attack complexity (AC:L) makes this a credible post-access escalation primitive.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Sensor Data Service enables a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to fully compromise a target Windows system by escalating to SYSTEM-level privileges. Affecting Windows 10 (21H2, 22H2), Windows 11 (23H2 through 26H1), Windows Server 2022, and Windows Server 2025 across dozens of specific build ranges, exploitation requires no user interaction and low complexity once local access is established. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but SSVC classifies technical impact as total; Microsoft has released patches across all affected product lines.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Telephony Service (TAPISRV) enables a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to escalate privileges to SYSTEM on a broad range of Windows client and server releases spanning Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. The vulnerability carries a CVSS 7.8 score with low attack complexity, meaning exploitation is straightforward once local access is established, making it an effective second-stage tool in a broader attack chain. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches addressing all affected build lines.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Word enables local code execution with full user-level impact when a victim opens a specially crafted document. Affected products span Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise, Office LTSC 2021 and 2024 (both Windows and Mac), and Office 365 for Mac. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and no CISA KEV listing; however, the CVSS 7.8 score and complete C/I/A impact triad reflect the severity of arbitrary code execution achievable through a standard phishing or malicious file delivery scenario.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Imaging Component (WIC), Microsoft's built-in image processing framework, enables local code execution across virtually every supported Windows client and server release from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 25H2 and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. The flaw is triggered when a user opens or previews a specially crafted image file, requiring no prior authentication or elevated privileges, and yields full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact on the compromised system. Vendor-released patches are available via Microsoft's July 2026 update cycle; no public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows LUAFV (Layered User Access Filter Volume) kernel driver enables a locally authenticated, low-privileged user to escalate to full SYSTEM-level privileges across a wide range of Windows desktop and server releases. Microsoft has released patches covering Windows 10 through Windows 11 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025, with exact fix builds published via MSRC and ENISA EUVD-2026-56287. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, though the AC:H constraint limits opportunistic exploitation rather than eliminating risk from determined actors who already hold a foothold.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Adobe ColdFusion 2023 and 2025 enables unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary code in the context of the ColdFusion server process. The vulnerability requires high-complexity exploitation conditions outside the attacker's direct control, yielding a CVSS score of 8.1 rather than critical, but the triple-high impact (full confidentiality, integrity, and availability compromise) makes it a high-priority target. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, though ColdFusion's historical targeting by ransomware and state-sponsored actors elevates real-world urgency beyond what the AC:H qualifier alone would suggest.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Intel Open Volume Kernel Library (Open VKL) before version 2.0.2 allows a local authenticated attacker with low privileges to cause denial of service against applications consuming the library. Operating entirely in Ring 3 (user space), the flaw requires no user interaction and carries low attack complexity, making it straightforward to trigger for any local account on an affected system. No public exploit code and no active exploitation have been identified; Intel has released version 2.0.2 as the corrective fix per advisory INTEL-SA-01459.
Heap buffer overflow in Vim's spell file parser prior to version 9.2.0846 enables arbitrary code execution when a user opens a maliciously crafted spell file. The flaw lies in set_sofo() reusing the sl_sal_first[] array without resetting values written by set_sal_first(), so a spell file ordering an SN_SAL section before an SN_SOFO section causes under-counted mapping lists and attacker-controlled out-of-bounds heap writes (CWE-122). No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and the issue is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a vendor-released patch exists at version 9.2.0846.
Heap-based out-of-bounds read and write in FreeRDP before 3.30.0 can be triggered by a malicious peer during CredSSP/NLA Kerberos authentication, allowing information disclosure, heap memory corruption, or denial of service. The flaw exists in kerberos_DecryptMessage() where the peer-supplied 16-bit EC field of a GSS Wrap token is used directly in pointer arithmetic without bounds validation, enabling any RDP peer - rogue server or malicious client - to shift decrypt pointers up to 65535 bytes past the end of a ~60-byte token buffer. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV.
Heap buffer overflow in entr's run_utility() function allows a local low-privileged user to trigger memory corruption, process abort, and denial of service by supplying crafted command-line arguments or by using the slash-underscore substitution feature, which expands a short token into a longer pathname at runtime. The flaw stems from incorrect use of strlcpy()'s return value - which reflects the total source length rather than bytes written - to advance a destination pointer, causing an unsigned size_t underflow in the remaining-buffer counter and subsequent out-of-bounds heap writes. No public exploit has been identified and this vulnerability is absent from CISA KEV; an upstream fix is available via commit 2467fe0.
Heap-based buffer overflow in MZ Automation libiec61850 up to version 1.6.1 allows a local attacker with low privileges to corrupt heap memory by supplying a crafted GetNamedVariableListAttributesResponse itemId argument to the MmsMapping_varAccessSpecToObjectReference function in the MMS Protocol Workflow. A public proof-of-concept exploit has been released and is available for download. The vulnerability has not yet been patched; the project was notified via GitHub issue #599 but has not responded at time of analysis. No active exploitation is confirmed by CISA KEV, though the publicly available PoC meaningfully elevates near-term risk.
Heap buffer overflow in stb_truetype.h (nothings stb, up to version 1.26) allows a local attacker to trigger out-of-bounds heap reads by supplying a crafted TTF font file with an inflated endPtsOfContours value and truncated glyph data. Any application statically embedding this library - including game engines and graphics software - that loads attacker-controlled fonts via stbtt_GetGlyphShape() is exposed to potential heap memory disclosure and application crash. No public exploit code has been identified and EPSS at 0.16% (5th percentile) indicates low current exploitation probability; no CISA KEV listing confirms no confirmed active exploitation at time of analysis.
Integer overflow in p11-kit's RPC message parser on 32-bit systems allows a local attacker, or any principal with access to a reachable RPC channel, to crash the p11-kit process via a heap out-of-bounds write, resulting in Denial of Service. Affected deployments span Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 through 10, Red Hat Hardened Images, and OpenShift Container Platform 4. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
Integer overflow in the llama.cpp LLaMA-Android JNI wrapper (builds b1886 through b7445) allows heap corruption through a crafted n_seq_max parameter, enabling denial of service or arbitrary code execution within Android applications that load untrusted GGUF model files. The flaw exists in the new_1batch() function, which multiplies sizeof(llama_seq_id) by an attacker-controlled value without bounds checking, causing heap allocation to wrap and undersize the buffer. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and this CVE is not in CISA KEV; a patched release (b7446) is confirmed available from the upstream ggml-org repository.
Heap buffer overflow in Google Chrome's Base component (versions prior to 151.0.7922.109) enables potential heap corruption and arbitrary code execution when a user installs a malicious Chrome Extension crafted by an attacker. Exploitation requires social engineering to achieve extension installation, reflected in the AC:H/UI:R CVSS metrics, which meaningfully constrains real-world attack scale compared to the raw 7.5 score. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and a vendor-released patch is available in 151.0.7922.109.
Heap buffer overflow in the CrashReporting component of Google Chrome prior to 151.0.7922.109 enables sandbox escape when an attacker has already compromised the renderer process and can deliver a crafted HTML page. The CVSS scope change (S:C) and total technical impact rating confirm full host system compromise is achievable as the second stage of a chained exploit. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, per SSVC exploitation status of 'none' and absence from CISA KEV.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Apache Portable Runtime Utility's redis client component allows remote unauthenticated attackers to crash applications that use the library, resulting in a denial of service. Affected versions span APR-util 1.6.0 through 1.6.3; version 1.6.4 resolves the issue per Apache's advisory on the oss-security mailing list. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis, though SSVC classifies the flaw as automatable with partial technical impact, indicating it could be scripted for broad scanning.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Apache Portable Runtime Utility's memcached client component (versions 1.3.0 through 1.6.3) allows remote unauthenticated attackers to crash affected applications, causing denial of service. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H) confirms full availability impact with no confidentiality or integrity exposure. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but SSVC marks this as automatable, meaning scripted mass scanning is feasible once attack primitives are established.
Heap-based buffer overflow in lib60870-C 2.4.0 affects the server-side FileSegment ASDU encoding path, where FileSegment_encode() checks only the standalone segment length via FileSegment_GetMaxDataSize() but never verifies remaining capacity in the current ASDU frame before writing object fields and segment data. In IEC 60870-5-101/104 telecontrol servers using the library's file transfer functionality, this out-of-bounds heap write can corrupt memory, enabling denial of service and potentially remote code execution. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the flaw is tracked upstream as issue #201 against the current 2.4.0 release.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Systerel S2OPC Toolkit 1.7.3 enables remote denial of service by sending a crafted OPC UA PublishResponse containing malformed EventNotificationList data to the Alarm/Conditions client wrapper. The affected code paths - libs2opc_client_alarm_conditions.c, state_machine.c, and sopc_event_manager.c - process incoming subscription notification data without adequate bounds checking, allowing a malicious or compromised OPC UA server to crash any connected S2OPC client. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and no CISA KEV listing; however, the CVSS 7.5/High rating and unauthenticated network vector make this a meaningful risk in OPC UA-enabled industrial environments.
Heap-based buffer overflow in open62541 1.5.5 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to crash an OPC UA server by sending a crafted HistoryRead request when the default memory backend is in use, resulting in denial of service. The CVSS vector confirms network-accessible, unauthenticated exploitation with no interaction required, and SSVC classifies it as automatable with a proof-of-concept available. Despite these concerning attributes, EPSS at 0.14% (4th percentile) and absence from CISA KEV indicate limited real-world exploitation activity at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in open62541 up to version 1.5.5 allows local low-privileged attackers to corrupt heap memory via the UA_Client_readNodeClassAttribute function in the client high-level API. The vulnerability is confined to local exploitation (AV:L/PR:L), limiting its network attack surface, but publicly available exploit code lowers the barrier for abuse on compromised or multi-tenant systems running open62541 OPC UA clients. The open62541 project closed the issue report as filed through unofficial channels, leaving patch status and official acknowledgment unconfirmed.
Heap-based out-of-bounds write in the Zephyr RTOS hawkBit OTA update client (versions 2.4.0 through <4.5.0) allows a malicious or compromised hawkBit update server to corrupt device heap memory by sending a crafted HTTP response body. The off-by-one flaw in response_json_cb() allocates exactly the response body length with no room for the NUL terminator, writing one byte past the heap object and corrupting adjacent allocator metadata. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the SSVC framework rates this as automatable and the trigger is deterministic in Zephyr v4.0.0 and later for any response body exceeding 1100 bytes - a size normal for hawkBit deployment metadata.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the GL.iNet APPS-NAS module's nas-web.get_file_list function allows authenticated remote attackers to crash the NAS service on eleven router models running firmware up to 20260707, resulting in a denial of service. The vendor confirmed the vulnerability following responsible disclosure, and the GitHub advisory explicitly identifies the impact as authenticated denial of service with no confidentiality or integrity compromise. No public exploit code has been identified and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV at time of analysis.
Heap buffer overflow in the MediaTek Audio HAL enables a local attacker with user-level privileges to crash the audio subsystem, resulting in a denial of service condition on affected devices. Seven MediaTek chipsets across mobile and automotive platforms are affected, with MediaTek releasing two separate patch IDs addressing the flaw in its August 2026 security bulletin. EPSS at 0.15% (5th percentile), no KEV listing, and a CISA SSVC exploitation status of 'none' collectively indicate negligible real-world exploitation risk at time of analysis; no public exploit code has been identified.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the MediaTek WLAN AP driver enables an adjacent-network attacker to escalate privileges without credentials or user interaction on chipsets MT7986, MT7916, MT7915, MT7981, and MT6890. The missing bounds check in the driver's AP-mode frame processing allows memory corruption that yields high confidentiality and integrity impact on the affected device. No public exploit has been identified and EPSS remains very low at 0.17%, though SSVC rates technical impact as total - underscoring the severity if a capable, range-proximate attacker develops working exploit code.
Integer overflow in FreeRDP's audio input redirection channel (audin) across ALSA, sndio, WinMM, and OpenSL ES backends affects all versions before 3.29.0, exploitable by a malicious or compromised RDP server. The server can supply a crafted FramesPerPacket value that causes allocation size wraparound, leading to a heap-based buffer overflow on Linux/ALSA - potentially enabling code execution - or denial of service on all supported platforms. No public exploit or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at the time of analysis; vendor-released patch (3.29.0) is available.
Heap-based remote code execution in the FreeRDP Windows client (all versions before 3.29.0) is triggered when a user pastes clipboard content sourced from a malicious RDP server. The client fails to validate the server-supplied data size in CLIPRDR_FILE_CONTENTS_RESPONSE PDUs against the destination buffer, allowing an oversized payload to corrupt heap memory. A publicly available vendor advisory (GHSA-cj9v-h4hq-29jr, reported by VulnCheck) documents the flaw; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Heap buffer overflow in GoAccess 1.10.2's parse_browser() routine lets a remote attacker corrupt or crash the analyzer by planting a crafted User-Agent string in a web server access log that an operator later processes. Because the code assumes any Opera-matched token starts with the literal 'Opera' and relocates the trailing version substring to a fixed match+5 offset, a specially formed UA drives a memmove that writes one to four attacker-influenced bytes past a heap allocation. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the flaw is fixed in version 1.11.
Out-of-bounds memory read in Google Chrome's WebRTC component (versions prior to 151.0.7922.72) lets a remote attacker disclose heap memory when a victim opens a crafted HTML page. The flaw is a CWE-122 heap buffer overflow that Chromium itself rated Low severity, with no public exploit identified at time of analysis and an EPSS probability of 0.19% (9th percentile). CISA's SSVC assessment records no observed exploitation and marks the issue as not automatable, though technical impact is rated total.
Remote code execution in Google Chrome desktop before 151.0.7922.72 arises from a heap buffer overflow in the browser's media Codecs component (CWE-122), letting a remote attacker who serves a crafted HTML page corrupt heap memory and run arbitrary code - though execution is confined inside the renderer sandbox rather than the host OS. Google rates the Chromium severity as Low despite the NVD-style 8.8 CVSS, and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS is low at 0.24% (15th percentile) and CISA SSVC lists exploitation as none. A vendor patch is available in the 151.0.7922.72 stable channel release.
Sandbox escape in Google Chrome's Dawn WebGPU implementation (versions prior to 151.0.7922.72) lets a remote attacker corrupt heap memory in the GPU process via a crafted HTML page, potentially breaking out of the renderer sandbox to compromise the host. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/UI:R/S:C, base 9.6) reflects that exploitation only needs a victim to visit a malicious site but crosses a security boundary; Google rates the Chromium severity as Medium. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS is low (0.22%, 13th percentile), and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Sandbox escape in Google Chrome on ChromeOS (versions prior to 151.0.7922.72) stems from a heap buffer overflow in the Color component, allowing a remote attacker who has already compromised the renderer process to break out of the sandbox via a crafted HTML page. Chromium rates the severity High and the CVSS score is 9.6 owing to the scope change into the host OS. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV; EPSS is low at 0.31% (24th percentile), consistent with a second-stage bug that requires a prior renderer compromise.
Heap-based buffer overflow in schreibfaul1's ESP32-audioI2S library version 3.4.5 lets an attacker who controls audio stream metadata corrupt heap memory through the latinToUTF8() character-encoding routine, with SSVC rating the technical impact as total (potential code execution, information disclosure, DoS or privilege escalation). The flaw is demonstrated by publicly available exploit code but is not listed in CISA KEV, so it reflects a POC-stage issue rather than confirmed active exploitation. The library is a widely-used hobbyist Arduino/ESP32 audio component, so exposure is concentrated in embedded maker and IoT projects rather than enterprise fleets.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Autel MaxiCharger AC Elite Home EV chargers enables arbitrary code execution by physically present, unauthenticated attackers via malformed USB packets. The device's USB packet handler copies attacker-controlled data into a fixed-length heap buffer without validating input length, allowing full control of device execution context. Reported by Zero Day Initiative (ZDI-CAN-29048 / ZDI-26-436); no public exploit code identified at time of analysis and not listed in CISA KEV.
Pre-authentication heap buffer overflow in Xlight FTP Server before 3.9.5 lets remote unauthenticated attackers write past a heap buffer by sending a malformed SSH client identification string over any SSH or SFTP connection. The flaw is a logic error in the recv-loop termination condition (an OR used where AN AND is required), triggering before authentication and creating strong potential for remote code execution. Reported by VulnCheck; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Arbitrary code execution in Autodesk AutoCAD, AutoCAD LT, and DWG TrueView occurs when a user opens a maliciously crafted DXF file, triggering a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) in the file parser. A local attacker who convinces a victim to open the file can crash the application, read sensitive in-process memory, or run code in the context of the current user. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the file-format vector plus required user interaction places this in the classic 'malicious drawing file' threat model rather than remote mass exploitation.
Opening a malicious file in Adobe Format Plugins can trigger a heap-based buffer overflow, allowing arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation requires user interaction, and no active exploitation or public exploit code has been reported at this time.
Heap-based buffer overflow in ESP32-audioI2S version 3.4.5 allows remote code execution, information disclosure, denial of service, or privilege escalation when processing a malicious WAV file. The flaw resides in the read_WAV_Header() function due to lack of bounds checking on chunk size and bytes-to-skip values, enabling heap corruption. A public proof-of-concept exists (CISA SSVC 'poc'), but no active exploitation has been confirmed in CISA KEV.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the schreibfaul1 ESP32-audioI2S library (version 3.4.5) exposes ESP32-based audio devices to remote code execution when they parse malicious HTML entities in streamed content. The flawed htmlToUTF8() decoder rearranges string data with memmove/memcpy without checking remaining buffer space, so an attacker who controls the HTML the device fetches (e.g. a web-radio stream or its metadata) can force an out-of-bounds heap write leading to code execution, memory disclosure, or a crash. Publicly available exploit code exists per the CISA SSVC 'poc' status, but the flaw is not listed in CISA KEV and carries a low EPSS score of 0.27% (19th percentile), indicating no evidence of widespread active exploitation yet.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the connecttospeech() function of schreibfaul1 ESP32-audioI2S version 3.4.5 allows remote attackers to achieve arbitrary code execution by supplying an overly long speech text string. The flaw arises because the library performs URL encoding of attacker-controlled input and appends it to a fixed-size heap buffer without length validation, leading to a heap overflow. A public proof-of-concept exploit is available, but active exploitation has not been confirmed.
Heap-based buffer overflow in ESP32-audioI2S 3.4.5 allows remote attackers to cause denial of service, information disclosure, or arbitrary code execution via a crafted MP3 file. Public exploit code is available but no active exploitation is confirmed.
Heap-based buffer overflow in ESP32-audioI2S 3.4.5’s ID3v2 APIC frame parser lets remote attackers execute arbitrary code or crash vulnerable devices by supplying a crafted MP3 file. A proof-of-concept exploit is publicly available, but no active exploitation has been confirmed.
We are tasked with producing a comprehensive JSON analysis for CVE-2026-51273. We have multiple intelligence sources: mitre (CVE description, CVSS, CWE, references), tags, SSVC, ENISA EUVD. The input provides the CVE ID, description, CVSS score, vector, CWE, and multi-source intel including CPE, references, tags, SSVC, and EUVD data. We must synthesize all this into a JSON object with the specified fields, each a plain text string. First, let's parse all the given data: - CVE ID: CVE-2026-51273 - Description: "In schreibfaul1 ESP32-audioI2S 3.4.5, a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the ID3 tag parsing function showID3Tag() of the embedded audio streaming library. The program reads untrusted long ID3 tag value from malicious audio files and uses unbounded appendf() to write formatted strings into ps_ptr heap buffer without length validation. Successful exploitation allows attackers to execute arbitrary code, leak sensitive memory data, cause device crash, or escalate privileges via a crafted malicious audio file." - CVSS Score: 7.8 - CVSS Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - CWE: CWE-122 (Heap-based Buffer Overflow) - Reported by mitre. - CPE (affected products): cpe:2.3:a:n/a:n/a:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* (this is a placeholder; the real product is schreibfaul1 ESP32-audioI2S, but CPE string is given as "n/a:n/a"). So product is "ESP32-audioI2S" by schreibfaul1. But the CPE doesn't provide a proper string; we'll note that in confidence_notes. - Tags: RCE, Buffer Overflow, N A, Heap Overflow - SSVC: Exploitation: poc, Automatable: no, Technical Impact: total. So a proof-of-concept exists, but exploitation is not automatable. - ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2026-49928, affected versions: ["n/a n/a"] (again placeholder). So no specific version range from EUVD, but description says version 3.4.5 is affected. - References: 1. (None) https://github.com/schreibfaul1/ESP32-audioI2S/blob/master/src/Audio.cpp (source code link) 2. (None) https://github.com
Remote code execution in schreibfaul1 ESP32-audioI2S 3.4.5 allows unauthenticated attackers to overflow a heap buffer via crafted HTTP request headers. Public exploit code is available, enabling arbitrary code execution on vulnerable ESP32 devices. No official patch has been released.
Heap-based buffer overflow in ESP32-audioI2S version 3.4.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code, disclose information, crash the service, or escalate privileges by sending a malicious URL with an oversized path and query string to the vulnerable urlencode function. No active exploitation has been confirmed by CISA KEV, and no EPSS score is available at this time.
Heap buffer overflow in schreibfaul1's ESP32-audioI2S library version 3.4.5 lets an attacker who controls the audio stream host or URL corrupt memory on the ESP32 microcontroller. The dismantle_host() parser feeds attacker-supplied host, request-host, extension, and query-string segments into clone_from(), which copies them into fixed-size heap buffers without length checks, enabling potential remote code execution or device crash. Rated CVSS 9.8 with SSVC marking technical impact as total and exploitation as automatable, though EPSS is only 0.18% and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in schreibfaul1 ESP32-audioI2S library version 3.4.5 allows remote unauthenticated attackers to corrupt PSRAM memory, leading to denial of service and potential arbitrary code execution. An unchecked unsigned integer overflow when allocating a buffer for audio processing results in an undersized allocation; subsequent read/write operations overrun the heap. A proof-of-concept exploit is publicly available, but the vulnerability is not listed in CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.
A heap-based buffer overflow in ESP32-audioI2S library version 3.4.5 allows remote unauthenticated attackers to crash or potentially execute arbitrary code on vulnerable ESP32 devices. The flaw exists in the Audio::openai_speech function, which manually constructs JSON/HTTP payloads by concatenating user input without length checks. A proof-of-concept exploit is publicly available, but no active exploitation has been confirmed.
Remote heap buffer overflow in the ESP32-audioI2S library 3.4.5 allows unauthenticated attackers to corrupt heap memory, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution or denial of service on affected ESP32 devices. The flaw arises from an unsafe memcpy in AudioBuffer::writeSpace() that copies a full UINT16_MAX bytes without validating the destination buffer size. A public proof-of-concept exists, elevating the urgency for IoT devices using this library.
Heap-based buffer overflow in LibRaw 0.21 allows remote code execution when a user opens a maliciously crafted RAW image file. The flaw resides in the stretch() and fuji_rotate() functions and requires user interaction, enabling a complete compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Proof-of-concept code exists, but no active exploitation has been confirmed.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Apache Thrift C++ THeaderTransport::untransform() allows remote code execution by sending specially crafted compressed data. Affects all versions prior to 0.24.0. No active exploitation or public exploit code has been reported at this time.
We need to produce a JSON object with specific fields based on the provided CVE data. The user wants a multi-source synthesis. We have the CVE description, CVSS vector (CVSS 4.0), EPSS, patch info, CPE, tags, references, etc. Let's extract relevant details: CVE ID: CVE-2026-66040 Description: FFmpeg through 8.1.2, fixed in commit b506faf, contains a heap out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the native PNG and APNG encoders. Remote attackers can supply a crafted PNG image with a malicious eXIf chunk. Attackers craft an eXIf chunk where multiple IFD entries reference the same large value payload, causing canonical serialization to expand the output far beyond the undersized allocation estimated by add_exif_profile_size(), resulting in png_write_chunk() writing tens of thousands of bytes past the buffer boundary, leading to deterministic heap corruption, process crash, and potentially arbitrary code execution. CVSS Score: 8.7, Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N (with other fields as X). So base score 8.7, high impact, user interaction required (UI:P). Attack vector network, low complexity, no privileges required. CWE: CWE-122 (Heap-based Buffer Overflow) EPSS: 0.55% (43rd percentile) – relatively low exploitation probability. Patch: Available from vendor (commit b506faf). Also EUVD says patch: b506fafec9a19fcbc2be5271875fd4a63d6615bc Reported by: VulnCheck CPE: cpe:2.3:a:ffmpeg:ffmpeg:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* (all versions prior to fix) Tags: Heap Overflow, Buffer Overflow, RCE, Canonical, Ffmpeg ENISA EUVD ID: EUVD-2026-48742, affected versions: FFmpeg 0 ≤8.1.2, patch: b506fafec9a19fcbc2be5271875fd4a63d6615bc References: pull request, commit, VulnCheck advisory, vuldb advisory. Now we need to fill each field. product_name: "FFmpeg" (primary product, 1-3 words) summary: Start with impact verb and product. Impact: heap out-of-bounds write in PNG/APNG encoder, leading to heap corruption, crash, potential RCE. Affected: FFmpeg through
Heap-based buffer overflow in the vf_hqdn3d denoising filter of FFmpeg versions up to 8.1.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by tricking a user into processing a crafted video with filter graph reinitialization explicitly disabled (-reinit_filter 0). Exploitation requires the vulnerable filter to be applied to input where frame width increases after the initial frame, causing an undersized buffer allocation and subsequent out-of-bounds write. No active exploitation or public proof-of-concept is known at time of analysis; EPSS score is low (0.29%).
Pre-authentication remote code execution in libssh2 1.11.1 and earlier allows a malicious SSH server to compromise any connecting client. A heap buffer overflow in the Encrypt-then-MAC (ETM) cipher negotiation path overwrites heap metadata, enabling tcache bin confusion and function pointer control before user authentication. No active exploitation is known, and EPSS is low (0.32%), but the client-side impact is severe if a victim can be lured to an attacker-controlled server.
Heap-based buffer overflow in GNU coreutils unexpand allows an attacker who can supply large tab stop (-t) values to cause a denial of service and potentially achieve a heap write primitive. The flaw affects coreutils versions up to 9.11 and was fixed in commit b60a159fdc5bfcf9988d3a4cb6f53abe8ad5d35d. No active exploitation is known, and EPSS predicts a 0.15% likelihood of exploitation.
Remote code execution in Microsoft Account arises from a heap-based buffer overflow that an unauthorized, network-based attacker can trigger without authentication or user interaction, per the CVSS:3.1 vector (AV:N/PR:N/UI:N). The CVSS temporal data indicates exploit maturity is Unproven (E:U), so no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not on CISA KEV; however, an official vendor fix (RL:O) with Confirmed report confidence (RC:C) is already available. Given the 9.8 base score and full confidentiality/integrity/availability impact, this warrants priority remediation despite the current absence of exploit code.
Remote code execution in MZ Automation's libiec61850 IEC 61850 library is possible via a crafted MMS Initiate request that triggers a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122); RCE was demonstrated on hosts with ASLR disabled, while ASLR-enabled deployments face memory corruption or denial of service. Any device or application embedding this library and exposing the MMS/TCP (typically port 102) service to attacker-reachable networks is affected. Reported through CISA ICS-CERT (ICSA-26-204-06); no public exploit identified at time of analysis and no EPSS/KEV signal is present in the source data.
Memory corruption in MongoDB standalone mongod servers running with compute mode enabled allows remote attackers to crash the process (denial of service) or trigger undefined behavior by supplying maliciously crafted BSON data that is mishandled during aggregation pipeline processing (CWE-122 heap overflow). Only servers explicitly started in the non-default compute mode are affected. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV; the vendor rates it CVSS 4.0 9.2 (Critical) despite high attack complexity and a required precondition.
Remote denial-of-service in NLnet Labs Unbound 1.9.0 through 1.25.1 allows an unauthenticated attacker to crash the recursive DNS resolver by sending a single malicious encrypted DNSCrypt query over TCP. The TCP in-place encryption routine omits the reply-length clamp that protects the UDP path, so an oversized reply is shifted 48 bytes forward past the end of a heap allocation sized to 'msg-buffer-size' (CWE-122). Only builds compiled with '--enable-dnscrypt' and an active 'dnscrypt:' clause are affected; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.
Denial of service (with potential memory corruption) in select Hikvision network cameras - specifically the DS-2CD and DS-2DE series - lets remote unauthenticated attackers crash or destabilize a device by sending specially crafted packets that trigger a heap buffer overflow. The flaw carries a CVSS 7.7 (AV:N/PR:N) and, per the supplied CVSS vector, high integrity and availability impact, though the vendor advisory characterizes the primary observable effect as device malfunction. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV.
Remote code execution and denial of service in Autel MaxiCharger Single EV charging stations running firmware through V1.03.51 stems from a heap-based buffer overflow in the set_ap_param command exposed by the /localcfg endpoint. An authenticated attacker who can reach the device's local configuration interface can send oversized input to crash the charger or potentially execute arbitrary code on it. Publicly available exploit code exists (published by CyberDanube), and the CVSS 4.0 base score is 9.4, though there is no evidence of active exploitation in the CISA KEV catalog at time of analysis.
Heap buffer overflow in libvips' tiffload operation (versions ≤ 8.18.1) lets an attacker who supplies a crafted TIFF image trigger memory corruption during decode. The flaw stems from libvips incorrectly determining the channel/component count of a JPEG- or JPEG2000-encoded tile embedded in a TIFF, so the pixel buffer is sized from the TIFF photometric metadata while more components are written from the codec. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; the issue is fixed in 8.18.2.
Denial of service in libvips 8.18.1 and earlier arises from the EXIF decoder's failure to validate Image File Directory (IFD) index values before passing them to libexif, enabling a crash via null pointer dereference when a crafted image with an out-of-range IFD tag group index is processed. All platforms running libvips through its EXIF parsing path are affected, including downstream consumers such as Node.js sharp and other language bindings that link against libvips. No public exploit has been identified and active exploitation is not confirmed, but the fix is publicly visible and the crash condition is straightforward to reproduce.
Arbitrary code execution in ProFTPD's mod_sftp module (versions before 1.3.9c and 1.3.10rc3) allows authenticated low-privilege SFTP users to run code in the server process by abusing SFTP packet reassembly in fxp.c. The flaw stems from an incorrectly conditioned reallocation of the 16 KB reassembly buffer that corrupts memory-pool freelist metadata, ultimately hijacking pr_fsio_stat() to reach system(). Reported by VulnCheck with a vendor patch available; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the advisory describes a complete exploitation primitive.
Denial of service in FreeRDP servers (versions <=3.27.1) allows unauthenticated remote attackers to crash the service by forging a malicious encrypted client random during RDP Standard Security negotiation. Because the server publishes its RSA public key, an attacker can craft a ciphertext whose decrypted plaintext spans the full RSA modulus (up to 256 bytes for RSA-2048), overflowing a fixed 32-byte heap buffer in crypto_rsa_common() by roughly 224 attacker-controlled bytes before any authentication occurs. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the flaw is not listed in CISA KEV; the fix landed in FreeRDP 3.28.0.
Authenticated remote denial of service in ProFTPD's mod_sftp module allows any user with valid SFTP credentials to crash the per-connection server child with a single malformed packet. The flaw stems from an unsigned integer underflow and a size_t-to-int truncation that fools the allocator into returning a ~512-byte block while the caller believes it received ~4 GB, causing an attacker-controlled heap overflow past a 544-byte allocation. Publicly available exploit code exists (a VulnCheck proof of concept) demonstrating reliable DoS; heap metadata corruption and consequences beyond DoS are theorized but not demonstrated, and there is no public exploit identified for code execution.
Denial of service and heap corruption in OpenPLC_v3 lets an authenticated web-interface user overflow the 100-byte MB_device.dev_name buffer via an oversized device_name field on the /modbus endpoint. Because getData() in modbus_master.cpp copies delimiter-bounded characters with no bounds check, a ~200-byte value writes 100 bytes past the allocation, overwriting adjacent Modbus config fields (protocol, dev_address, ip_port) and crashing the PLC control loop. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though VulnCheck published a detailed technical advisory; the affected repository is archived and no vendor-released patch was identified.
Heap-based buffer overflow in IBM Storage Protect Client (versions 8.1.0.0-8.1.27.1 and 8.2.0.0-8.2.1.0) lets a remote attacker corrupt heap memory through improper bounds checking, potentially achieving arbitrary code execution or crashing the affected process. The flaw carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8, but no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the EPSS probability is low (0.46%, 37th percentile). Note that the affected component is the backup Client, while the description references crashing 'the server,' introducing ambiguity about the true exploitation path.
Out-of-bounds heap write in the freedesktop xdgmime library (bundled with GLib-based MIME detection) allows a local attacker to crash or corrupt the memory of any application that guesses content types via g_content_type_guess(). The flaw lives in _xdg_mime_magic_parse_magic_line() in xdgmimemagic.c and triggers on little-endian systems when a maliciously crafted MIME magic file placed in a user-writable XDG data location is parsed, producing a 2-byte out-of-bounds write. Red Hat rates it 7.1 (Important); no public exploit is identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Arbitrary code execution in Adobe Acrobat Reader arises from a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) triggered when a victim opens a maliciously crafted file, allowing an attacker to run code in the context of the current user. All affected versions covered by Adobe advisory APSB26-63 are impacted, and successful exploitation grants full high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV, so risk is currently latent rather than active.
Denial of service in Wazuh's analysis engine (wazuh-analysisd) lets an unauthenticated remote attacker permanently halt SIEM alert processing on Wazuh manager versions 1.0.0 through 4.14.4. Because the official wazuh/wazuh-docker deployment ships with password-less agent enrollment enabled by default, an attacker can register as an agent and send a crafted rootcheck event that overflows a fixed 30-byte heap buffer, crashing the daemon while the dashboard and API keep showing stale data - silently blinding the SIEM. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Remote denial-of-service and potential heap corruption in the Wazuh manager's wazuh-remoted daemon allows any enrolled agent to crash the manager's agent-communication process, instantly severing all agent connections across the entire deployment. Affected versions span 3.0.0 through 4.14.4; a secondary code path triggered by the same underflow may permit heap memory write primitives beyond pure DoS. No public exploit code has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, but the low exploitation barrier - any enrolled agent suffices - makes it a meaningful insider or supply-chain risk for Wazuh-dependent SOC environments.
Local privilege escalation and silent denial-of-service in the Wazuh Windows agent (versions 4.6.0 through 4.14.4) arise from a heap-based buffer overflow in the syscheck registry-monitoring component. Because wazuh-agent.exe runs as NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM, a low-privileged local user who creates a 255-character registry subkey under a monitored wildcard path can trigger an out-of-bounds heap write, either blinding the agent or potentially executing code as SYSTEM. Proof-of-concept exploit code exists (SSVC: poc), but it is not in CISA KEV and EPSS is very low (0.09%, 1st percentile), consistent with the local-only, non-automatable attack profile.
Remote kernel heap corruption in the illumos SCTP stack lets an unauthenticated attacker send a crafted INIT ACK packet with malformed address parameters to trigger an out-of-bounds access during packet classification, potentially leading to remote code execution or a kernel panic. The flaw affects illumos-gate and downstream distributions (OmniOS, SmartOS/Triton) built before commit 53a3efde, and has existed since 2010 (commit a5407c02). There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the CVSS 4.0 exploit-maturity metric is Unreported (E:U), but the attack requires no authentication or user interaction.
Heap buffer overflow in NGINX Plus and NGINX Open Source lets unauthenticated remote attackers crash worker processes (DoS) and, on hosts with ASLR disabled or bypassed, potentially execute arbitrary code by sending crafted HTTP requests. The flaw is a data-plane-only issue triggered when a regex-based map directive references the map's regex capture variables before the map output variable in a string expression, or via a non-cacheable variable under certain conditions. F5 has released a patched version; no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Heap-based buffer over-write in ImageMagick's X11 import functionality exposes local systems to heap memory corruption and denial of service when processing a crafted X11 window title. Affected versions span both the 7.x branch (before 7.1.2-26) and the legacy 6.x branch (before 6.9.13-51), covering a large installed base across Linux and Unix environments. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the narrow exploitation conditions - requiring local privileged access with X11 in scope - significantly constrain real-world risk despite the CWE-122 heap overflow class.
Denial of service in BusyBox 1.38.0 lets attackers crash the bundled ash shell by supplying crafted input that triggers a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) in the ifsbreakup() field-splitting routine of shell/ash.c. Only availability is impacted - there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the EPSS score is low (0.16%, 6th percentile), indicating little observed exploitation interest so far. The NVD-assigned CVSS of 7.5 rests on a network attack vector that is not clearly supported by the description, which points to input being fed to a local shell.
Heap-based buffer overflow in 7-Zip's XZ archive parser enables arbitrary code execution when a victim opens a crafted archive on 7-Zip 26.01 and earlier; fixed in 7-Zip 26.02. Reported by Landon Peng of Lunbun LLC through the Zero Day Initiative, this flaw carries full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact at the process level. A public POC is confirmed available via the Italian ACN portal, though EPSS sits at only 0.92% (57th percentile) and no CISA KEV listing exists, indicating targeted rather than widespread exploitation at time of analysis.
Denial of service in BusyBox 1.38.0 stems from a heap-based buffer overflow in the evalcommand() routine of the ash shell interpreter (shell/ash.c), where crafted input corrupts heap memory and crashes the process. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the EPSS probability is low (0.16%, 6th percentile), indicating no observed exploitation activity. Impact is limited to availability - no confidentiality or integrity loss is claimed per the CVSS vector.
Heap-based buffer overflow in NTFS-3G through 2026.2.25 enables a local attacker to corrupt heap memory inside the SUID-root ntfs-3g binary by supplying a crafted NTFS image, with potential for privilege escalation to root. The flaw in build_inherited_id() (libntfs-3g/security.c) is triggered when a file is created inside a specially structured directory on the malicious volume. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; vendor patches are confirmed available for Ubuntu and SUSE.
Arbitrary code execution in Adobe Bridge is possible when a victim opens a maliciously crafted file that triggers a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122), letting an attacker run code in the context of the current user. The flaw was reported by Adobe and disclosed in advisory APSB26-81; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV. Exploitation is file-borne and requires user interaction, so it is not remotely triggerable without a user opening attacker-supplied content.
Code execution in NVIDIA TensorRT is possible when the SDK processes a maliciously crafted input that overflows a heap-based buffer (CWE-122), corrupting adjacent heap memory. The flaw affects the TensorRT deep-learning inference library and requires a local user to load attacker-supplied content, per the AV:L/UI:R CVSS vector; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV. Successful exploitation yields full loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H) in the context of the process running the inference job.
Local code execution in NVIDIA TensorRT is possible when the library parses an attacker-supplied input (such as a crafted model/engine file), triggering a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) that can corrupt memory and lead to arbitrary code execution in the context of the process using TensorRT. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:L/UI:R) indicates the attacker needs local access and must induce a user or application to load malicious content, and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis. TensorRT is NVIDIA's deep-learning inference SDK, so the affected population is developers, MLOps pipelines, and inference servers that load third-party or untrusted models.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Desktop Window Manager (DWM) Core Library enables any standard authenticated local user to gain full SYSTEM-level control across a wide range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server deployments. The vulnerability arises from a type confusion condition in the DWM Core Library - though the CWE-122 classification and vendor tags ('Heap Overflow', 'Buffer Overflow') indicate the confusion likely manifests through or triggers a heap-based memory corruption primitive. Microsoft has released patches across all affected versions; no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation via heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Kernel (CWE-122) affects a broad span of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases from 2016 through 2025. An authenticated local attacker exploiting this flaw can gain SYSTEM-level privileges, achieving full control over confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the target system. No public exploit code and no active exploitation (CISA KEV) have been identified at time of analysis; a vendor patch is available.
Privilege escalation via heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows USB Driver (CWE-122) affects a broad range of Microsoft Windows client and server platforms, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. An authenticated local attacker with low privileges can exploit this kernel-mode heap corruption to achieve full system compromise - gaining complete confidentiality, integrity, and availability over the affected host. Microsoft has released patches across all affected versions via the MSRC advisory; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation via heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Display Enhancement Service allows a local low-privileged attacker to gain SYSTEM-level control across a broad swath of Windows desktop and server releases. The vulnerability carries a CVSS 7.8 High score with full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact upon successful exploitation. No public exploit code has been identified and it is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog at time of analysis, but the breadth of affected versions - spanning Windows 10 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2019 through 2025 - makes patching a meaningful operational priority.
Windows Hyper-V across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases contains a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) that enables a locally authenticated low-privileged attacker to disclose confidential memory contents. The CVSS vector (AV:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N) constrains the attack to local access with required user interaction and produces no integrity or availability impact. No public exploit has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog at the time of analysis.
Privilege escalation via heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Storage subsystem affects a wide range of Windows 11 and Windows Server 2022/2025 builds. An attacker already holding a standard (low-privileged) local user account can exploit the memory corruption flaw to gain full SYSTEM-level control - no user interaction or elevated starting privileges required beyond basic logon. Microsoft has released patches across all affected branches; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the low attack complexity (AC:L) makes this a credible post-access escalation primitive.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Sensor Data Service enables a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to fully compromise a target Windows system by escalating to SYSTEM-level privileges. Affecting Windows 10 (21H2, 22H2), Windows 11 (23H2 through 26H1), Windows Server 2022, and Windows Server 2025 across dozens of specific build ranges, exploitation requires no user interaction and low complexity once local access is established. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but SSVC classifies technical impact as total; Microsoft has released patches across all affected product lines.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Telephony Service (TAPISRV) enables a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to escalate privileges to SYSTEM on a broad range of Windows client and server releases spanning Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. The vulnerability carries a CVSS 7.8 score with low attack complexity, meaning exploitation is straightforward once local access is established, making it an effective second-stage tool in a broader attack chain. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches addressing all affected build lines.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Word enables local code execution with full user-level impact when a victim opens a specially crafted document. Affected products span Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise, Office LTSC 2021 and 2024 (both Windows and Mac), and Office 365 for Mac. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and no CISA KEV listing; however, the CVSS 7.8 score and complete C/I/A impact triad reflect the severity of arbitrary code execution achievable through a standard phishing or malicious file delivery scenario.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Imaging Component (WIC), Microsoft's built-in image processing framework, enables local code execution across virtually every supported Windows client and server release from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 25H2 and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. The flaw is triggered when a user opens or previews a specially crafted image file, requiring no prior authentication or elevated privileges, and yields full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact on the compromised system. Vendor-released patches are available via Microsoft's July 2026 update cycle; no public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows LUAFV (Layered User Access Filter Volume) kernel driver enables a locally authenticated, low-privileged user to escalate to full SYSTEM-level privileges across a wide range of Windows desktop and server releases. Microsoft has released patches covering Windows 10 through Windows 11 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025, with exact fix builds published via MSRC and ENISA EUVD-2026-56287. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, though the AC:H constraint limits opportunistic exploitation rather than eliminating risk from determined actors who already hold a foothold.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Adobe ColdFusion 2023 and 2025 enables unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary code in the context of the ColdFusion server process. The vulnerability requires high-complexity exploitation conditions outside the attacker's direct control, yielding a CVSS score of 8.1 rather than critical, but the triple-high impact (full confidentiality, integrity, and availability compromise) makes it a high-priority target. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, though ColdFusion's historical targeting by ransomware and state-sponsored actors elevates real-world urgency beyond what the AC:H qualifier alone would suggest.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Intel Open Volume Kernel Library (Open VKL) before version 2.0.2 allows a local authenticated attacker with low privileges to cause denial of service against applications consuming the library. Operating entirely in Ring 3 (user space), the flaw requires no user interaction and carries low attack complexity, making it straightforward to trigger for any local account on an affected system. No public exploit code and no active exploitation have been identified; Intel has released version 2.0.2 as the corrective fix per advisory INTEL-SA-01459.
Heap buffer overflow in Vim's spell file parser prior to version 9.2.0846 enables arbitrary code execution when a user opens a maliciously crafted spell file. The flaw lies in set_sofo() reusing the sl_sal_first[] array without resetting values written by set_sal_first(), so a spell file ordering an SN_SAL section before an SN_SOFO section causes under-counted mapping lists and attacker-controlled out-of-bounds heap writes (CWE-122). No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and the issue is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a vendor-released patch exists at version 9.2.0846.
Heap-based out-of-bounds read and write in FreeRDP before 3.30.0 can be triggered by a malicious peer during CredSSP/NLA Kerberos authentication, allowing information disclosure, heap memory corruption, or denial of service. The flaw exists in kerberos_DecryptMessage() where the peer-supplied 16-bit EC field of a GSS Wrap token is used directly in pointer arithmetic without bounds validation, enabling any RDP peer - rogue server or malicious client - to shift decrypt pointers up to 65535 bytes past the end of a ~60-byte token buffer. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV.
Heap buffer overflow in entr's run_utility() function allows a local low-privileged user to trigger memory corruption, process abort, and denial of service by supplying crafted command-line arguments or by using the slash-underscore substitution feature, which expands a short token into a longer pathname at runtime. The flaw stems from incorrect use of strlcpy()'s return value - which reflects the total source length rather than bytes written - to advance a destination pointer, causing an unsigned size_t underflow in the remaining-buffer counter and subsequent out-of-bounds heap writes. No public exploit has been identified and this vulnerability is absent from CISA KEV; an upstream fix is available via commit 2467fe0.
Heap-based buffer overflow in MZ Automation libiec61850 up to version 1.6.1 allows a local attacker with low privileges to corrupt heap memory by supplying a crafted GetNamedVariableListAttributesResponse itemId argument to the MmsMapping_varAccessSpecToObjectReference function in the MMS Protocol Workflow. A public proof-of-concept exploit has been released and is available for download. The vulnerability has not yet been patched; the project was notified via GitHub issue #599 but has not responded at time of analysis. No active exploitation is confirmed by CISA KEV, though the publicly available PoC meaningfully elevates near-term risk.
Heap buffer overflow in stb_truetype.h (nothings stb, up to version 1.26) allows a local attacker to trigger out-of-bounds heap reads by supplying a crafted TTF font file with an inflated endPtsOfContours value and truncated glyph data. Any application statically embedding this library - including game engines and graphics software - that loads attacker-controlled fonts via stbtt_GetGlyphShape() is exposed to potential heap memory disclosure and application crash. No public exploit code has been identified and EPSS at 0.16% (5th percentile) indicates low current exploitation probability; no CISA KEV listing confirms no confirmed active exploitation at time of analysis.
Integer overflow in p11-kit's RPC message parser on 32-bit systems allows a local attacker, or any principal with access to a reachable RPC channel, to crash the p11-kit process via a heap out-of-bounds write, resulting in Denial of Service. Affected deployments span Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 through 10, Red Hat Hardened Images, and OpenShift Container Platform 4. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
Integer overflow in the llama.cpp LLaMA-Android JNI wrapper (builds b1886 through b7445) allows heap corruption through a crafted n_seq_max parameter, enabling denial of service or arbitrary code execution within Android applications that load untrusted GGUF model files. The flaw exists in the new_1batch() function, which multiplies sizeof(llama_seq_id) by an attacker-controlled value without bounds checking, causing heap allocation to wrap and undersize the buffer. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and this CVE is not in CISA KEV; a patched release (b7446) is confirmed available from the upstream ggml-org repository.
Heap buffer overflow in Google Chrome's Base component (versions prior to 151.0.7922.109) enables potential heap corruption and arbitrary code execution when a user installs a malicious Chrome Extension crafted by an attacker. Exploitation requires social engineering to achieve extension installation, reflected in the AC:H/UI:R CVSS metrics, which meaningfully constrains real-world attack scale compared to the raw 7.5 score. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and a vendor-released patch is available in 151.0.7922.109.
Heap buffer overflow in the CrashReporting component of Google Chrome prior to 151.0.7922.109 enables sandbox escape when an attacker has already compromised the renderer process and can deliver a crafted HTML page. The CVSS scope change (S:C) and total technical impact rating confirm full host system compromise is achievable as the second stage of a chained exploit. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, per SSVC exploitation status of 'none' and absence from CISA KEV.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Apache Portable Runtime Utility's redis client component allows remote unauthenticated attackers to crash applications that use the library, resulting in a denial of service. Affected versions span APR-util 1.6.0 through 1.6.3; version 1.6.4 resolves the issue per Apache's advisory on the oss-security mailing list. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis, though SSVC classifies the flaw as automatable with partial technical impact, indicating it could be scripted for broad scanning.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Apache Portable Runtime Utility's memcached client component (versions 1.3.0 through 1.6.3) allows remote unauthenticated attackers to crash affected applications, causing denial of service. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H) confirms full availability impact with no confidentiality or integrity exposure. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but SSVC marks this as automatable, meaning scripted mass scanning is feasible once attack primitives are established.
Heap-based buffer overflow in lib60870-C 2.4.0 affects the server-side FileSegment ASDU encoding path, where FileSegment_encode() checks only the standalone segment length via FileSegment_GetMaxDataSize() but never verifies remaining capacity in the current ASDU frame before writing object fields and segment data. In IEC 60870-5-101/104 telecontrol servers using the library's file transfer functionality, this out-of-bounds heap write can corrupt memory, enabling denial of service and potentially remote code execution. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the flaw is tracked upstream as issue #201 against the current 2.4.0 release.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Systerel S2OPC Toolkit 1.7.3 enables remote denial of service by sending a crafted OPC UA PublishResponse containing malformed EventNotificationList data to the Alarm/Conditions client wrapper. The affected code paths - libs2opc_client_alarm_conditions.c, state_machine.c, and sopc_event_manager.c - process incoming subscription notification data without adequate bounds checking, allowing a malicious or compromised OPC UA server to crash any connected S2OPC client. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and no CISA KEV listing; however, the CVSS 7.5/High rating and unauthenticated network vector make this a meaningful risk in OPC UA-enabled industrial environments.
Heap-based buffer overflow in open62541 1.5.5 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to crash an OPC UA server by sending a crafted HistoryRead request when the default memory backend is in use, resulting in denial of service. The CVSS vector confirms network-accessible, unauthenticated exploitation with no interaction required, and SSVC classifies it as automatable with a proof-of-concept available. Despite these concerning attributes, EPSS at 0.14% (4th percentile) and absence from CISA KEV indicate limited real-world exploitation activity at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in open62541 up to version 1.5.5 allows local low-privileged attackers to corrupt heap memory via the UA_Client_readNodeClassAttribute function in the client high-level API. The vulnerability is confined to local exploitation (AV:L/PR:L), limiting its network attack surface, but publicly available exploit code lowers the barrier for abuse on compromised or multi-tenant systems running open62541 OPC UA clients. The open62541 project closed the issue report as filed through unofficial channels, leaving patch status and official acknowledgment unconfirmed.
Heap-based out-of-bounds write in the Zephyr RTOS hawkBit OTA update client (versions 2.4.0 through <4.5.0) allows a malicious or compromised hawkBit update server to corrupt device heap memory by sending a crafted HTTP response body. The off-by-one flaw in response_json_cb() allocates exactly the response body length with no room for the NUL terminator, writing one byte past the heap object and corrupting adjacent allocator metadata. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the SSVC framework rates this as automatable and the trigger is deterministic in Zephyr v4.0.0 and later for any response body exceeding 1100 bytes - a size normal for hawkBit deployment metadata.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the GL.iNet APPS-NAS module's nas-web.get_file_list function allows authenticated remote attackers to crash the NAS service on eleven router models running firmware up to 20260707, resulting in a denial of service. The vendor confirmed the vulnerability following responsible disclosure, and the GitHub advisory explicitly identifies the impact as authenticated denial of service with no confidentiality or integrity compromise. No public exploit code has been identified and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV at time of analysis.
Heap buffer overflow in the MediaTek Audio HAL enables a local attacker with user-level privileges to crash the audio subsystem, resulting in a denial of service condition on affected devices. Seven MediaTek chipsets across mobile and automotive platforms are affected, with MediaTek releasing two separate patch IDs addressing the flaw in its August 2026 security bulletin. EPSS at 0.15% (5th percentile), no KEV listing, and a CISA SSVC exploitation status of 'none' collectively indicate negligible real-world exploitation risk at time of analysis; no public exploit code has been identified.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the MediaTek WLAN AP driver enables an adjacent-network attacker to escalate privileges without credentials or user interaction on chipsets MT7986, MT7916, MT7915, MT7981, and MT6890. The missing bounds check in the driver's AP-mode frame processing allows memory corruption that yields high confidentiality and integrity impact on the affected device. No public exploit has been identified and EPSS remains very low at 0.17%, though SSVC rates technical impact as total - underscoring the severity if a capable, range-proximate attacker develops working exploit code.
Integer overflow in FreeRDP's audio input redirection channel (audin) across ALSA, sndio, WinMM, and OpenSL ES backends affects all versions before 3.29.0, exploitable by a malicious or compromised RDP server. The server can supply a crafted FramesPerPacket value that causes allocation size wraparound, leading to a heap-based buffer overflow on Linux/ALSA - potentially enabling code execution - or denial of service on all supported platforms. No public exploit or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at the time of analysis; vendor-released patch (3.29.0) is available.
Heap-based remote code execution in the FreeRDP Windows client (all versions before 3.29.0) is triggered when a user pastes clipboard content sourced from a malicious RDP server. The client fails to validate the server-supplied data size in CLIPRDR_FILE_CONTENTS_RESPONSE PDUs against the destination buffer, allowing an oversized payload to corrupt heap memory. A publicly available vendor advisory (GHSA-cj9v-h4hq-29jr, reported by VulnCheck) documents the flaw; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Heap buffer overflow in GoAccess 1.10.2's parse_browser() routine lets a remote attacker corrupt or crash the analyzer by planting a crafted User-Agent string in a web server access log that an operator later processes. Because the code assumes any Opera-matched token starts with the literal 'Opera' and relocates the trailing version substring to a fixed match+5 offset, a specially formed UA drives a memmove that writes one to four attacker-influenced bytes past a heap allocation. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the flaw is fixed in version 1.11.
Out-of-bounds memory read in Google Chrome's WebRTC component (versions prior to 151.0.7922.72) lets a remote attacker disclose heap memory when a victim opens a crafted HTML page. The flaw is a CWE-122 heap buffer overflow that Chromium itself rated Low severity, with no public exploit identified at time of analysis and an EPSS probability of 0.19% (9th percentile). CISA's SSVC assessment records no observed exploitation and marks the issue as not automatable, though technical impact is rated total.
Remote code execution in Google Chrome desktop before 151.0.7922.72 arises from a heap buffer overflow in the browser's media Codecs component (CWE-122), letting a remote attacker who serves a crafted HTML page corrupt heap memory and run arbitrary code - though execution is confined inside the renderer sandbox rather than the host OS. Google rates the Chromium severity as Low despite the NVD-style 8.8 CVSS, and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS is low at 0.24% (15th percentile) and CISA SSVC lists exploitation as none. A vendor patch is available in the 151.0.7922.72 stable channel release.
Sandbox escape in Google Chrome's Dawn WebGPU implementation (versions prior to 151.0.7922.72) lets a remote attacker corrupt heap memory in the GPU process via a crafted HTML page, potentially breaking out of the renderer sandbox to compromise the host. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/UI:R/S:C, base 9.6) reflects that exploitation only needs a victim to visit a malicious site but crosses a security boundary; Google rates the Chromium severity as Medium. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS is low (0.22%, 13th percentile), and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Sandbox escape in Google Chrome on ChromeOS (versions prior to 151.0.7922.72) stems from a heap buffer overflow in the Color component, allowing a remote attacker who has already compromised the renderer process to break out of the sandbox via a crafted HTML page. Chromium rates the severity High and the CVSS score is 9.6 owing to the scope change into the host OS. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV; EPSS is low at 0.31% (24th percentile), consistent with a second-stage bug that requires a prior renderer compromise.
Heap-based buffer overflow in schreibfaul1's ESP32-audioI2S library version 3.4.5 lets an attacker who controls audio stream metadata corrupt heap memory through the latinToUTF8() character-encoding routine, with SSVC rating the technical impact as total (potential code execution, information disclosure, DoS or privilege escalation). The flaw is demonstrated by publicly available exploit code but is not listed in CISA KEV, so it reflects a POC-stage issue rather than confirmed active exploitation. The library is a widely-used hobbyist Arduino/ESP32 audio component, so exposure is concentrated in embedded maker and IoT projects rather than enterprise fleets.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Autel MaxiCharger AC Elite Home EV chargers enables arbitrary code execution by physically present, unauthenticated attackers via malformed USB packets. The device's USB packet handler copies attacker-controlled data into a fixed-length heap buffer without validating input length, allowing full control of device execution context. Reported by Zero Day Initiative (ZDI-CAN-29048 / ZDI-26-436); no public exploit code identified at time of analysis and not listed in CISA KEV.
Pre-authentication heap buffer overflow in Xlight FTP Server before 3.9.5 lets remote unauthenticated attackers write past a heap buffer by sending a malformed SSH client identification string over any SSH or SFTP connection. The flaw is a logic error in the recv-loop termination condition (an OR used where AN AND is required), triggering before authentication and creating strong potential for remote code execution. Reported by VulnCheck; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Arbitrary code execution in Autodesk AutoCAD, AutoCAD LT, and DWG TrueView occurs when a user opens a maliciously crafted DXF file, triggering a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) in the file parser. A local attacker who convinces a victim to open the file can crash the application, read sensitive in-process memory, or run code in the context of the current user. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the file-format vector plus required user interaction places this in the classic 'malicious drawing file' threat model rather than remote mass exploitation.
Opening a malicious file in Adobe Format Plugins can trigger a heap-based buffer overflow, allowing arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation requires user interaction, and no active exploitation or public exploit code has been reported at this time.
Heap-based buffer overflow in ESP32-audioI2S version 3.4.5 allows remote code execution, information disclosure, denial of service, or privilege escalation when processing a malicious WAV file. The flaw resides in the read_WAV_Header() function due to lack of bounds checking on chunk size and bytes-to-skip values, enabling heap corruption. A public proof-of-concept exists (CISA SSVC 'poc'), but no active exploitation has been confirmed in CISA KEV.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the schreibfaul1 ESP32-audioI2S library (version 3.4.5) exposes ESP32-based audio devices to remote code execution when they parse malicious HTML entities in streamed content. The flawed htmlToUTF8() decoder rearranges string data with memmove/memcpy without checking remaining buffer space, so an attacker who controls the HTML the device fetches (e.g. a web-radio stream or its metadata) can force an out-of-bounds heap write leading to code execution, memory disclosure, or a crash. Publicly available exploit code exists per the CISA SSVC 'poc' status, but the flaw is not listed in CISA KEV and carries a low EPSS score of 0.27% (19th percentile), indicating no evidence of widespread active exploitation yet.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the connecttospeech() function of schreibfaul1 ESP32-audioI2S version 3.4.5 allows remote attackers to achieve arbitrary code execution by supplying an overly long speech text string. The flaw arises because the library performs URL encoding of attacker-controlled input and appends it to a fixed-size heap buffer without length validation, leading to a heap overflow. A public proof-of-concept exploit is available, but active exploitation has not been confirmed.
Heap-based buffer overflow in ESP32-audioI2S 3.4.5 allows remote attackers to cause denial of service, information disclosure, or arbitrary code execution via a crafted MP3 file. Public exploit code is available but no active exploitation is confirmed.
Heap-based buffer overflow in ESP32-audioI2S 3.4.5’s ID3v2 APIC frame parser lets remote attackers execute arbitrary code or crash vulnerable devices by supplying a crafted MP3 file. A proof-of-concept exploit is publicly available, but no active exploitation has been confirmed.
We are tasked with producing a comprehensive JSON analysis for CVE-2026-51273. We have multiple intelligence sources: mitre (CVE description, CVSS, CWE, references), tags, SSVC, ENISA EUVD. The input provides the CVE ID, description, CVSS score, vector, CWE, and multi-source intel including CPE, references, tags, SSVC, and EUVD data. We must synthesize all this into a JSON object with the specified fields, each a plain text string. First, let's parse all the given data: - CVE ID: CVE-2026-51273 - Description: "In schreibfaul1 ESP32-audioI2S 3.4.5, a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the ID3 tag parsing function showID3Tag() of the embedded audio streaming library. The program reads untrusted long ID3 tag value from malicious audio files and uses unbounded appendf() to write formatted strings into ps_ptr heap buffer without length validation. Successful exploitation allows attackers to execute arbitrary code, leak sensitive memory data, cause device crash, or escalate privileges via a crafted malicious audio file." - CVSS Score: 7.8 - CVSS Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - CWE: CWE-122 (Heap-based Buffer Overflow) - Reported by mitre. - CPE (affected products): cpe:2.3:a:n/a:n/a:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* (this is a placeholder; the real product is schreibfaul1 ESP32-audioI2S, but CPE string is given as "n/a:n/a"). So product is "ESP32-audioI2S" by schreibfaul1. But the CPE doesn't provide a proper string; we'll note that in confidence_notes. - Tags: RCE, Buffer Overflow, N A, Heap Overflow - SSVC: Exploitation: poc, Automatable: no, Technical Impact: total. So a proof-of-concept exists, but exploitation is not automatable. - ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2026-49928, affected versions: ["n/a n/a"] (again placeholder). So no specific version range from EUVD, but description says version 3.4.5 is affected. - References: 1. (None) https://github.com/schreibfaul1/ESP32-audioI2S/blob/master/src/Audio.cpp (source code link) 2. (None) https://github.com
Remote code execution in schreibfaul1 ESP32-audioI2S 3.4.5 allows unauthenticated attackers to overflow a heap buffer via crafted HTTP request headers. Public exploit code is available, enabling arbitrary code execution on vulnerable ESP32 devices. No official patch has been released.
Heap-based buffer overflow in ESP32-audioI2S version 3.4.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code, disclose information, crash the service, or escalate privileges by sending a malicious URL with an oversized path and query string to the vulnerable urlencode function. No active exploitation has been confirmed by CISA KEV, and no EPSS score is available at this time.
Heap buffer overflow in schreibfaul1's ESP32-audioI2S library version 3.4.5 lets an attacker who controls the audio stream host or URL corrupt memory on the ESP32 microcontroller. The dismantle_host() parser feeds attacker-supplied host, request-host, extension, and query-string segments into clone_from(), which copies them into fixed-size heap buffers without length checks, enabling potential remote code execution or device crash. Rated CVSS 9.8 with SSVC marking technical impact as total and exploitation as automatable, though EPSS is only 0.18% and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in schreibfaul1 ESP32-audioI2S library version 3.4.5 allows remote unauthenticated attackers to corrupt PSRAM memory, leading to denial of service and potential arbitrary code execution. An unchecked unsigned integer overflow when allocating a buffer for audio processing results in an undersized allocation; subsequent read/write operations overrun the heap. A proof-of-concept exploit is publicly available, but the vulnerability is not listed in CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.
A heap-based buffer overflow in ESP32-audioI2S library version 3.4.5 allows remote unauthenticated attackers to crash or potentially execute arbitrary code on vulnerable ESP32 devices. The flaw exists in the Audio::openai_speech function, which manually constructs JSON/HTTP payloads by concatenating user input without length checks. A proof-of-concept exploit is publicly available, but no active exploitation has been confirmed.
Remote heap buffer overflow in the ESP32-audioI2S library 3.4.5 allows unauthenticated attackers to corrupt heap memory, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution or denial of service on affected ESP32 devices. The flaw arises from an unsafe memcpy in AudioBuffer::writeSpace() that copies a full UINT16_MAX bytes without validating the destination buffer size. A public proof-of-concept exists, elevating the urgency for IoT devices using this library.
Heap-based buffer overflow in LibRaw 0.21 allows remote code execution when a user opens a maliciously crafted RAW image file. The flaw resides in the stretch() and fuji_rotate() functions and requires user interaction, enabling a complete compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Proof-of-concept code exists, but no active exploitation has been confirmed.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Apache Thrift C++ THeaderTransport::untransform() allows remote code execution by sending specially crafted compressed data. Affects all versions prior to 0.24.0. No active exploitation or public exploit code has been reported at this time.
We need to produce a JSON object with specific fields based on the provided CVE data. The user wants a multi-source synthesis. We have the CVE description, CVSS vector (CVSS 4.0), EPSS, patch info, CPE, tags, references, etc. Let's extract relevant details: CVE ID: CVE-2026-66040 Description: FFmpeg through 8.1.2, fixed in commit b506faf, contains a heap out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the native PNG and APNG encoders. Remote attackers can supply a crafted PNG image with a malicious eXIf chunk. Attackers craft an eXIf chunk where multiple IFD entries reference the same large value payload, causing canonical serialization to expand the output far beyond the undersized allocation estimated by add_exif_profile_size(), resulting in png_write_chunk() writing tens of thousands of bytes past the buffer boundary, leading to deterministic heap corruption, process crash, and potentially arbitrary code execution. CVSS Score: 8.7, Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N (with other fields as X). So base score 8.7, high impact, user interaction required (UI:P). Attack vector network, low complexity, no privileges required. CWE: CWE-122 (Heap-based Buffer Overflow) EPSS: 0.55% (43rd percentile) – relatively low exploitation probability. Patch: Available from vendor (commit b506faf). Also EUVD says patch: b506fafec9a19fcbc2be5271875fd4a63d6615bc Reported by: VulnCheck CPE: cpe:2.3:a:ffmpeg:ffmpeg:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* (all versions prior to fix) Tags: Heap Overflow, Buffer Overflow, RCE, Canonical, Ffmpeg ENISA EUVD ID: EUVD-2026-48742, affected versions: FFmpeg 0 ≤8.1.2, patch: b506fafec9a19fcbc2be5271875fd4a63d6615bc References: pull request, commit, VulnCheck advisory, vuldb advisory. Now we need to fill each field. product_name: "FFmpeg" (primary product, 1-3 words) summary: Start with impact verb and product. Impact: heap out-of-bounds write in PNG/APNG encoder, leading to heap corruption, crash, potential RCE. Affected: FFmpeg through
Heap-based buffer overflow in the vf_hqdn3d denoising filter of FFmpeg versions up to 8.1.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by tricking a user into processing a crafted video with filter graph reinitialization explicitly disabled (-reinit_filter 0). Exploitation requires the vulnerable filter to be applied to input where frame width increases after the initial frame, causing an undersized buffer allocation and subsequent out-of-bounds write. No active exploitation or public proof-of-concept is known at time of analysis; EPSS score is low (0.29%).
Pre-authentication remote code execution in libssh2 1.11.1 and earlier allows a malicious SSH server to compromise any connecting client. A heap buffer overflow in the Encrypt-then-MAC (ETM) cipher negotiation path overwrites heap metadata, enabling tcache bin confusion and function pointer control before user authentication. No active exploitation is known, and EPSS is low (0.32%), but the client-side impact is severe if a victim can be lured to an attacker-controlled server.
Heap-based buffer overflow in GNU coreutils unexpand allows an attacker who can supply large tab stop (-t) values to cause a denial of service and potentially achieve a heap write primitive. The flaw affects coreutils versions up to 9.11 and was fixed in commit b60a159fdc5bfcf9988d3a4cb6f53abe8ad5d35d. No active exploitation is known, and EPSS predicts a 0.15% likelihood of exploitation.
Remote code execution in Microsoft Account arises from a heap-based buffer overflow that an unauthorized, network-based attacker can trigger without authentication or user interaction, per the CVSS:3.1 vector (AV:N/PR:N/UI:N). The CVSS temporal data indicates exploit maturity is Unproven (E:U), so no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not on CISA KEV; however, an official vendor fix (RL:O) with Confirmed report confidence (RC:C) is already available. Given the 9.8 base score and full confidentiality/integrity/availability impact, this warrants priority remediation despite the current absence of exploit code.
Remote code execution in MZ Automation's libiec61850 IEC 61850 library is possible via a crafted MMS Initiate request that triggers a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122); RCE was demonstrated on hosts with ASLR disabled, while ASLR-enabled deployments face memory corruption or denial of service. Any device or application embedding this library and exposing the MMS/TCP (typically port 102) service to attacker-reachable networks is affected. Reported through CISA ICS-CERT (ICSA-26-204-06); no public exploit identified at time of analysis and no EPSS/KEV signal is present in the source data.
Memory corruption in MongoDB standalone mongod servers running with compute mode enabled allows remote attackers to crash the process (denial of service) or trigger undefined behavior by supplying maliciously crafted BSON data that is mishandled during aggregation pipeline processing (CWE-122 heap overflow). Only servers explicitly started in the non-default compute mode are affected. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV; the vendor rates it CVSS 4.0 9.2 (Critical) despite high attack complexity and a required precondition.
Remote denial-of-service in NLnet Labs Unbound 1.9.0 through 1.25.1 allows an unauthenticated attacker to crash the recursive DNS resolver by sending a single malicious encrypted DNSCrypt query over TCP. The TCP in-place encryption routine omits the reply-length clamp that protects the UDP path, so an oversized reply is shifted 48 bytes forward past the end of a heap allocation sized to 'msg-buffer-size' (CWE-122). Only builds compiled with '--enable-dnscrypt' and an active 'dnscrypt:' clause are affected; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.
Denial of service (with potential memory corruption) in select Hikvision network cameras - specifically the DS-2CD and DS-2DE series - lets remote unauthenticated attackers crash or destabilize a device by sending specially crafted packets that trigger a heap buffer overflow. The flaw carries a CVSS 7.7 (AV:N/PR:N) and, per the supplied CVSS vector, high integrity and availability impact, though the vendor advisory characterizes the primary observable effect as device malfunction. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV.
Remote code execution and denial of service in Autel MaxiCharger Single EV charging stations running firmware through V1.03.51 stems from a heap-based buffer overflow in the set_ap_param command exposed by the /localcfg endpoint. An authenticated attacker who can reach the device's local configuration interface can send oversized input to crash the charger or potentially execute arbitrary code on it. Publicly available exploit code exists (published by CyberDanube), and the CVSS 4.0 base score is 9.4, though there is no evidence of active exploitation in the CISA KEV catalog at time of analysis.
Heap buffer overflow in libvips' tiffload operation (versions ≤ 8.18.1) lets an attacker who supplies a crafted TIFF image trigger memory corruption during decode. The flaw stems from libvips incorrectly determining the channel/component count of a JPEG- or JPEG2000-encoded tile embedded in a TIFF, so the pixel buffer is sized from the TIFF photometric metadata while more components are written from the codec. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; the issue is fixed in 8.18.2.
Denial of service in libvips 8.18.1 and earlier arises from the EXIF decoder's failure to validate Image File Directory (IFD) index values before passing them to libexif, enabling a crash via null pointer dereference when a crafted image with an out-of-range IFD tag group index is processed. All platforms running libvips through its EXIF parsing path are affected, including downstream consumers such as Node.js sharp and other language bindings that link against libvips. No public exploit has been identified and active exploitation is not confirmed, but the fix is publicly visible and the crash condition is straightforward to reproduce.
Arbitrary code execution in ProFTPD's mod_sftp module (versions before 1.3.9c and 1.3.10rc3) allows authenticated low-privilege SFTP users to run code in the server process by abusing SFTP packet reassembly in fxp.c. The flaw stems from an incorrectly conditioned reallocation of the 16 KB reassembly buffer that corrupts memory-pool freelist metadata, ultimately hijacking pr_fsio_stat() to reach system(). Reported by VulnCheck with a vendor patch available; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the advisory describes a complete exploitation primitive.
Denial of service in FreeRDP servers (versions <=3.27.1) allows unauthenticated remote attackers to crash the service by forging a malicious encrypted client random during RDP Standard Security negotiation. Because the server publishes its RSA public key, an attacker can craft a ciphertext whose decrypted plaintext spans the full RSA modulus (up to 256 bytes for RSA-2048), overflowing a fixed 32-byte heap buffer in crypto_rsa_common() by roughly 224 attacker-controlled bytes before any authentication occurs. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the flaw is not listed in CISA KEV; the fix landed in FreeRDP 3.28.0.
Authenticated remote denial of service in ProFTPD's mod_sftp module allows any user with valid SFTP credentials to crash the per-connection server child with a single malformed packet. The flaw stems from an unsigned integer underflow and a size_t-to-int truncation that fools the allocator into returning a ~512-byte block while the caller believes it received ~4 GB, causing an attacker-controlled heap overflow past a 544-byte allocation. Publicly available exploit code exists (a VulnCheck proof of concept) demonstrating reliable DoS; heap metadata corruption and consequences beyond DoS are theorized but not demonstrated, and there is no public exploit identified for code execution.
Denial of service and heap corruption in OpenPLC_v3 lets an authenticated web-interface user overflow the 100-byte MB_device.dev_name buffer via an oversized device_name field on the /modbus endpoint. Because getData() in modbus_master.cpp copies delimiter-bounded characters with no bounds check, a ~200-byte value writes 100 bytes past the allocation, overwriting adjacent Modbus config fields (protocol, dev_address, ip_port) and crashing the PLC control loop. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though VulnCheck published a detailed technical advisory; the affected repository is archived and no vendor-released patch was identified.
Heap-based buffer overflow in IBM Storage Protect Client (versions 8.1.0.0-8.1.27.1 and 8.2.0.0-8.2.1.0) lets a remote attacker corrupt heap memory through improper bounds checking, potentially achieving arbitrary code execution or crashing the affected process. The flaw carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8, but no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the EPSS probability is low (0.46%, 37th percentile). Note that the affected component is the backup Client, while the description references crashing 'the server,' introducing ambiguity about the true exploitation path.
Out-of-bounds heap write in the freedesktop xdgmime library (bundled with GLib-based MIME detection) allows a local attacker to crash or corrupt the memory of any application that guesses content types via g_content_type_guess(). The flaw lives in _xdg_mime_magic_parse_magic_line() in xdgmimemagic.c and triggers on little-endian systems when a maliciously crafted MIME magic file placed in a user-writable XDG data location is parsed, producing a 2-byte out-of-bounds write. Red Hat rates it 7.1 (Important); no public exploit is identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Arbitrary code execution in Adobe Acrobat Reader arises from a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) triggered when a victim opens a maliciously crafted file, allowing an attacker to run code in the context of the current user. All affected versions covered by Adobe advisory APSB26-63 are impacted, and successful exploitation grants full high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV, so risk is currently latent rather than active.
Denial of service in Wazuh's analysis engine (wazuh-analysisd) lets an unauthenticated remote attacker permanently halt SIEM alert processing on Wazuh manager versions 1.0.0 through 4.14.4. Because the official wazuh/wazuh-docker deployment ships with password-less agent enrollment enabled by default, an attacker can register as an agent and send a crafted rootcheck event that overflows a fixed 30-byte heap buffer, crashing the daemon while the dashboard and API keep showing stale data - silently blinding the SIEM. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Remote denial-of-service and potential heap corruption in the Wazuh manager's wazuh-remoted daemon allows any enrolled agent to crash the manager's agent-communication process, instantly severing all agent connections across the entire deployment. Affected versions span 3.0.0 through 4.14.4; a secondary code path triggered by the same underflow may permit heap memory write primitives beyond pure DoS. No public exploit code has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, but the low exploitation barrier - any enrolled agent suffices - makes it a meaningful insider or supply-chain risk for Wazuh-dependent SOC environments.
Local privilege escalation and silent denial-of-service in the Wazuh Windows agent (versions 4.6.0 through 4.14.4) arise from a heap-based buffer overflow in the syscheck registry-monitoring component. Because wazuh-agent.exe runs as NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM, a low-privileged local user who creates a 255-character registry subkey under a monitored wildcard path can trigger an out-of-bounds heap write, either blinding the agent or potentially executing code as SYSTEM. Proof-of-concept exploit code exists (SSVC: poc), but it is not in CISA KEV and EPSS is very low (0.09%, 1st percentile), consistent with the local-only, non-automatable attack profile.
Remote kernel heap corruption in the illumos SCTP stack lets an unauthenticated attacker send a crafted INIT ACK packet with malformed address parameters to trigger an out-of-bounds access during packet classification, potentially leading to remote code execution or a kernel panic. The flaw affects illumos-gate and downstream distributions (OmniOS, SmartOS/Triton) built before commit 53a3efde, and has existed since 2010 (commit a5407c02). There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the CVSS 4.0 exploit-maturity metric is Unreported (E:U), but the attack requires no authentication or user interaction.
Heap buffer overflow in NGINX Plus and NGINX Open Source lets unauthenticated remote attackers crash worker processes (DoS) and, on hosts with ASLR disabled or bypassed, potentially execute arbitrary code by sending crafted HTTP requests. The flaw is a data-plane-only issue triggered when a regex-based map directive references the map's regex capture variables before the map output variable in a string expression, or via a non-cacheable variable under certain conditions. F5 has released a patched version; no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Heap-based buffer over-write in ImageMagick's X11 import functionality exposes local systems to heap memory corruption and denial of service when processing a crafted X11 window title. Affected versions span both the 7.x branch (before 7.1.2-26) and the legacy 6.x branch (before 6.9.13-51), covering a large installed base across Linux and Unix environments. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the narrow exploitation conditions - requiring local privileged access with X11 in scope - significantly constrain real-world risk despite the CWE-122 heap overflow class.
Denial of service in BusyBox 1.38.0 lets attackers crash the bundled ash shell by supplying crafted input that triggers a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) in the ifsbreakup() field-splitting routine of shell/ash.c. Only availability is impacted - there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the EPSS score is low (0.16%, 6th percentile), indicating little observed exploitation interest so far. The NVD-assigned CVSS of 7.5 rests on a network attack vector that is not clearly supported by the description, which points to input being fed to a local shell.
Heap-based buffer overflow in 7-Zip's XZ archive parser enables arbitrary code execution when a victim opens a crafted archive on 7-Zip 26.01 and earlier; fixed in 7-Zip 26.02. Reported by Landon Peng of Lunbun LLC through the Zero Day Initiative, this flaw carries full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact at the process level. A public POC is confirmed available via the Italian ACN portal, though EPSS sits at only 0.92% (57th percentile) and no CISA KEV listing exists, indicating targeted rather than widespread exploitation at time of analysis.
Denial of service in BusyBox 1.38.0 stems from a heap-based buffer overflow in the evalcommand() routine of the ash shell interpreter (shell/ash.c), where crafted input corrupts heap memory and crashes the process. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the EPSS probability is low (0.16%, 6th percentile), indicating no observed exploitation activity. Impact is limited to availability - no confidentiality or integrity loss is claimed per the CVSS vector.
Heap-based buffer overflow in NTFS-3G through 2026.2.25 enables a local attacker to corrupt heap memory inside the SUID-root ntfs-3g binary by supplying a crafted NTFS image, with potential for privilege escalation to root. The flaw in build_inherited_id() (libntfs-3g/security.c) is triggered when a file is created inside a specially structured directory on the malicious volume. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; vendor patches are confirmed available for Ubuntu and SUSE.
Arbitrary code execution in Adobe Bridge is possible when a victim opens a maliciously crafted file that triggers a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122), letting an attacker run code in the context of the current user. The flaw was reported by Adobe and disclosed in advisory APSB26-81; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV. Exploitation is file-borne and requires user interaction, so it is not remotely triggerable without a user opening attacker-supplied content.
Code execution in NVIDIA TensorRT is possible when the SDK processes a maliciously crafted input that overflows a heap-based buffer (CWE-122), corrupting adjacent heap memory. The flaw affects the TensorRT deep-learning inference library and requires a local user to load attacker-supplied content, per the AV:L/UI:R CVSS vector; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV. Successful exploitation yields full loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H) in the context of the process running the inference job.
Local code execution in NVIDIA TensorRT is possible when the library parses an attacker-supplied input (such as a crafted model/engine file), triggering a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) that can corrupt memory and lead to arbitrary code execution in the context of the process using TensorRT. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:L/UI:R) indicates the attacker needs local access and must induce a user or application to load malicious content, and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis. TensorRT is NVIDIA's deep-learning inference SDK, so the affected population is developers, MLOps pipelines, and inference servers that load third-party or untrusted models.