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Apple iOS EUVDEUVD-2026-77907

| CVE-2026-28966 MEDIUM
Out-of-bounds Write (CWE-787)
2026-09-14 apple GHSA-w925-7fg2-g46m
4.3
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: apple
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Craft malicious file
  2. Delivery
    Deliver to victim (email/web/message)
  3. Exploit
    Victim opens file in app
  4. Execution
    Out-of-bounds write in parser
  5. Impact
    Unexpected app termination (DoS)

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Bounds checking, write limits
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Execution, Privilege Escalation

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the victim to open or process an attacker-supplied maliciously crafted file in a vulnerable Apple app (UI:R) on an unpatched device running iOS/iPadOS before 26.7 or 27, macOS before 15.8/26.7/27 (Golden Gate 27), tvOS before 27, or visionOS before 27. No authentication or elevated privileges are needed (PR:N), but the attack cannot proceed without user interaction and delivery of the crafted file. The realized impact is limited to termination of the processing application - there is no confidentiality or integrity effect and no system-wide crash - which sharply limits practical severity.

Impact

This is a genuinely low-priority issue despite the memory-corruption class. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 4.3 (Medium) with vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L: although the flaw is an out-of-bounds write (CWE-787, often a code-execution primitive), Apple's own impact statement caps the realized outcome at 'unexpected app termination' - i.e. availability-only (A:L), with no confidentiality or integrity impact (C:N/I:N). EPSS reinforces low real-world risk at 0.20% (10th percentile). There is no CISA KEV listing and no public proof-of-concept, so exploitation status is 'no public exploit identified at time of analysis.' The one notable tension: CVSS declares AV:N (network) yet the vector requires UI:R and processing of a malicious file - practically this means the user must open/receive attacker-supplied content, so the 'network' vector is really delivery-of-a-file rather than direct remote reach. No SSVC decision data was supplied. Net: a plausibly-triggerable crash, not a demonstrated RCE, in patched Apple software - low urgency.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker crafts a malformed file (e.g. a document, image, or media asset) and delivers it to a victim via email, message, web download, or AirDrop. When the victim opens or previews the file on an unpatched Apple device, the parser performs an out-of-bounds write and the handling app crashes. No public exploit code exists, and the described impact is limited to app termination rather than code execution.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Sep 17, 2026

An out-of-bounds write in Apple's operating systems - iOS and iPadOS before 26.7 and before 27, macOS before Sequoia 15.8, before Tahoe 26.7 and before Golden Gate 27, tvOS before 27, and visionOS before 27 - allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to crash the application that processes a maliciously crafted file, with the flaw addressed through improved bounds checking. Successful exploitation requires the victim to open or process the attacker-supplied file (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L), and the realized impact is limited to termination of the processing app with no confidentiality or integrity effect and no system-wide crash. Vendor patches are available from Apple across all affected platforms, the EPSS score is low at 0.20% (10th percentile), and no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis. This is a genuinely low-priority issue despite the memory-corruption class.

RemediationAI

Apply the vendor-released patches: update to iOS 26.7 and iPadOS 26.7 (or iOS 27 and iPadOS 27), macOS Sequoia 15.8 (or macOS Tahoe 26.7 / macOS Golden Gate 27), tvOS 27, and visionOS 27, as documented in Apple advisories https://support.apple.com/en-us/149034 through https://support.apple.com/en-us/149043. Prioritize by exposure rather than by severity: because exploitation only yields an app crash (no data theft or code execution per the assessed vector), this is a routine update cycle item rather than an emergency patch, so roll it into the next scheduled Apple OS maintenance window - but do not skip it entirely, since same-class bounds-checking bugs are sometimes revisited by researchers for escalation. No workaround is offered by the vendor and there is no feature toggle or configuration that removes the vulnerable parsing path, so the only reliable mitigation is patching. In the interim, reduce delivery of crafted files: block or sandbox untrusted document and media attachments at the mail and web gateway, strip high-risk file types from inbound email, and restrict users from opening files from unverified sources in apps that parse external content. Fleet-management controls (MDM enforcement of minimum OS versions, blocking of unmanaged devices from sensitive resources) add real friction against the user-interaction precondition, at the cost of administrative overhead and possible disruption for users on older hardware that cannot take the newest major release - in that case at minimum apply the point-release fixes (26.7, 15.8, 26.7) that are available for the current major version. Monitor endpoint telemetry for repeated unexplained application terminations, which is the observable symptom of a successful trigger.

Affected VersionsENISA

macOS 0 <27
iOS and iPadOS 0 <26.7
tvOS 0 <27
visionOS 0 <27
iOS and iPadOS 0 <27
macOS 0 <15.8
macOS 0 <26.7

Affected Packages

euvd ios_and_ipados fix: 26.7, 27
euvd macos fix: 15.8, 26.7, 27
euvd tvos fix: 27
euvd visionos fix: 27

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 4 packages in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The root cause is CWE-787, an out-of-bounds write, which Apple states was resolved with improved bounds checking. This places the bug in the memory-corruption family: a parser or file-processing code path writes past the end of an allocated buffer when handling crafted input, corrupting adjacent memory rather than merely reading it. That corruption class can theoretically be escalated to code execution, but Apple's own CVE record and the assessed CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L vector describe only a local availability effect - the affected app terminates - with no integrity or confidentiality impact and an unchanged (S:U) scope, i.e. no system-wide compromise. The attack is delivered over a network (AV:N) but depends entirely on user interaction (UI:R) to open the malicious file, and no privileges are required (PR:N). The affected CPE inventory (cpe:2.3:a:apple:ios_and_ipados, apple:macos, apple:tvos, apple:visionos) confirms this is a shared-code defect that spans Apple's desktop, mobile, TV and headset platforms; Apple's advisories group it with a coordinated multi-OS security update, which is typical for vulnerabilities living in common frameworks, media/document parsers or system libraries reused across all four operating system families. Apple's bulletin does not publicly name the specific subsystem, so defenders should treat the exposure as 'any Apple app that ingests untrusted files' rather than a single component. The presence of the KEV-style 'Buffer Overflow' and 'Memory Corruption' tags corroborates the CWE classification but does not indicate observed exploitation.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (apple) PRIMARY 4.3 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
vuln.today AI 4.3 MEDIUM

File delivered remotely but victim must open it (UI:R); no auth (PR:N); impact is app-only crash so C:N/I:N/A:L, matching Apple's 'unexpected app termination' statement.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (apple).

CVSS VectorVendor: apple

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
Low

Lifecycle Timeline

4
CVSS changed
Sep 17, 2026 - 17:22 NVD
4.3 (MEDIUM)
Patch available
Sep 14, 2026 - 22:19 EUVD
CVE Published
Sep 14, 2026 - 20:50 cve.org
MEDIUM 4.3
CVE Published
Sep 14, 2026 - 20:50 cve.org
UNKNOWN (no severity yet)

DescriptionCVE.org

An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.7 and iPadOS 26.7, iOS 27 and iPadOS 27, macOS Golden Gate 27, macOS Sequoia 15.8, macOS Tahoe 26.7, tvOS 27, visionOS 27. Processing a maliciously crafted file may lead to unexpected app termination.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 90% exploitable
Prevalence
Ubiquitous
Apple iOS/iPadOS/macOS/tvOS/visionOS span billions of consumer and enterprise devices
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

22
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +22
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

Memory corruption occurs when a program writes data beyond the boundaries of allocated memory regions or accesses memory in unintended ways, violating the integrity of the process's address space.

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