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Alpine iLX-F511 EUVDEUVD-2026-112199

| CVE-2026-118605 HIGH
Stack-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-121)
2026-10-28 zdi GHSA-v3m8-fwqj-9qqv
8.0
CVSS 3.0 · Vendor: zdi
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Pair malicious Bluetooth device with head unit
  2. Exploit
    Send crafted SDP service search request
  3. Execution
    Overflow stack buffer in prh_sdp_service_search_decode
  4. Impact
    Execute arbitrary code as root

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Stack buffer bounds checking
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Execution

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

The attacker must be within Bluetooth radio range of the Alpine iLX-F511 (AV:A) and must first obtain the ability to pair a malicious Bluetooth device with the target, which requires user/operator interaction to establish or accept the pairing (UI:R). Once paired, the attacker sends crafted data to the SDP service search decode path (prh_sdp_service_search_decode) where the length of user-supplied data is not validated before being copied to a stack buffer. Limiting factors: physical Bluetooth proximity, the requirement to successfully pair, and the required user interaction - exploitation is not remotely reachable over the internet and is not automatable at scale. No special non-default configuration is stated as required; affected version per EUVD is iLX-F511 7.0.000.

Impact

This is a genuine high-severity issue but not a drop-everything emergency, and the signals are largely consistent. The CVSS 3.0 vector (AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H, base 8.0) describes a network-adjacent, low-complexity flaw yielding full confidentiality, integrity and availability impact - consistent with the description's claim of arbitrary code execution as root. The vuln.today priority of 'this_week' aligns with a serious-but-not-immediate posture. No EPSS score, no CISA KEV listing, and no verified exploit code are provided in the input, so there is no evidence of active exploitation or mass scanning. The practical risk is bounded by the attack preconditions: AV:A means the attacker must be within Bluetooth range, and the description states the attacker must first obtain the ability to pair a malicious Bluetooth device - reflected in UI:R (the target/operator must participate in or accept pairing). That makes this far more suited to targeted, proximity-based attacks (e.g., against a specific vehicle/head unit) than to widespread, automatable exploitation. The product itself is an automotive aftermarket infotainment head unit, which further limits real-world attack surface compared to a ubiquitous server component carrying the same score.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker within Bluetooth range pairs a malicious Bluetooth device with the target Alpine iLX-F511 head unit, then sends a crafted SDP service search request whose over-length field is copied without validation into a stack buffer in prh_sdp_service_search_decode, overflowing it and achieving code execution as root. No verified working exploit code is identified in the input; only a ZDI advisory reference is provided. The need for Bluetooth proximity and the ability to pair makes this a targeted, close-access attack rather than a remote mass-exploitation scenario.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
No patch listed yet

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 28, 2026

A stack-based buffer overflow in the prh_sdp_service_search_decode function of the Alpine iLX-F511 in-vehicle head unit (version 7.0.000 per EUVD) allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code as root. Exploitation requires Bluetooth radio proximity and that the attacker first pair a malicious Bluetooth device with the target, which depends on user interaction to accept the pairing; after pairing, crafted SDP service-search data is copied into a fixed-size stack buffer without length validation. No public exploit or confirmed active exploitation was identified at time of analysis, and the priority signals (this_week) reflect a genuine high-severity flaw with meaningful prerequisites rather than an emergency.

RemediationAI

No vendor-released fixed firmware version is identified in the available data, so the primary action is to check the ZDI advisory at https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-26-823/ and Alpine's own support channel for a firmware update addressing prh_sdp_service_search_decode and apply it as soon as one is published, confirming whether affected units at 7.0.000 need to move to a newer build. Until a fix is available, the actionable compensating controls are to disable Bluetooth on the head unit when it is not needed and to avoid accepting pairing requests or pairing prompts from unknown devices, since the vulnerability is only reachable after a malicious device is paired; the trade-off is loss of hands-free calling, audio streaming and other Bluetooth features while the radio is off. Restricting Bluetooth pairing to known, trusted devices and keeping the head unit's pairing list cleared of unrecognized entries reduces exposure, though it relies on operator discipline rather than technical enforcement. These measures limit reachability but do not remove the underlying missing length validation, so updating the firmware remains the only complete fix.

Affected VersionsENISA

iLX-F511 7.0.000

Affected Packages

euvd ilx_f511 no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The flaw is a classic stack-based buffer overflow (CWE-121) in the Bluetooth Service Discovery Protocol handling path of the Alpine iLX-F511 firmware, specifically inside prh_sdp_service_search_decode. Data supplied through SDP service-search requests is copied into a stack-allocated buffer without validating its length first, so an oversized value overwrites stack memory and, because the affected service runs with elevated privilege, can yield code execution in the context of root. The attack surface is Bluetooth (AV:A in the CVSS vector), and the vector shows PR:N with UI:R, meaning no prior credentials are needed but the pairing step requires user action. The trigger beyond the missing length check is not described in the available sources; no further detail on the exact packet layout or memory-corruption mechanics is provided.

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Severity by source

Vendor (zdi) PRIMARY 8.0 HIGH
AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
vuln.today AI 8.0 HIGH

Bluetooth proximity gives AV:A; pairing needs no prior credentials (PR:N) but requires user interaction to pair (UI:R); unvalidated copy yields reliable root code execution, so AC:L and C/I/A:H.

3.1 AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (zdi).

CVSS VectorVendor: zdi

Attack Vector
Adjacent
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

DescriptionCVE.org

Alpine iLX-F511 prh_sdp_service_search_decode Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Alpine iLX-F511 devices. An attacker must first obtain the ability to pair a malicious Bluetooth device with the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability.

The specific flaw exists within the prh_sdp_service_search_decode function. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-29069.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

A high-severity buffer overflow vulnerability in Alpine's iLX-F511 in-vehicle head unit (version 7.0.000) could allow an attacker within Bluetooth range to execute arbitrary code as root after successfully pairing a malicious device-a step that requires user interaction to accept the pairing. This puts vehicle infotainment systems at risk of compromise, potentially affecting driver safety and data privacy. Leadership should prioritize mitigation given the lack of a vendor patch and the potential for disruption to vehicle operations.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations include disabling Bluetooth when not needed, requiring manual confirmation for all pairing requests, restricting pairing to pre-approved devices, monitoring for suspicious pairing activity, and isolating the head unit's Bluetooth functionality from critical vehicle networks where possible.

Threat Intelligence Overview

Prevalence
Low
aftermarket automotive infotainment head unit, niche per-vehicle footprint
Data Quality
3 sources
Confidence: Low

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS N/A
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Controlled
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact
High

Priority Score

40
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +40
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

A stack-based buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a buffer located on the stack than it was allocated to hold.

Remote Code Execution represents the critical moment when an attacker successfully runs arbitrary code on a target system without physical access.

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