Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
-
AccessObtain low-privileged gNMI access
-
DeliveryConnect to gRPC/gNMI service
-
ExploitSend crafted format-string message
-
ExecutionTrigger CWE-134 in gRPC daemon
-
ImpactExecute code as root or disrupt telemetry
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Format string safety
|
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires that the gNMI service on the gRPC daemon of Junos OS Evolved be enabled and network-reachable, and that the attacker hold valid low-privileged authentication to that service (CVSS PR:L) - it is not exploitable by a fully anonymous attacker. The specific trigger is a crafted gNMI message carrying attacker-controlled format specifiers reaching the vulnerable format-string sink (CWE-134). Limiting factors: gNMI/telemetry streaming must be configured and exposed (devices without gNMI enabled or with it restricted to a locked-down management plane are not exposed), valid credentials or an authenticated session are needed, and only Junos OS Evolved (not classic Junos OS) is in scope per the affected-product data. |
| Impact | This is a credible priority for organizations running Junos OS Evolved, though not a drop-everything emergency on the available signals. The provided CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H, base 8.8) describes a network-reachable, low-complexity attack that nonetheless requires some level of authentication (PR:L), with full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact consistent with the described potential for root-level code execution. The key limiter is PR:L: the attacker must already have valid, low-privileged access to the gNMI/gRPC service, which materially reduces the pool of attackers versus a fully unauthenticated flaw. No EPSS score, no CISA KEV listing, and no public exploit were supplied in the input, so there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and no evidence of active exploitation. The combination of a high-impact format-string bug (CWE-134) with a vendor advisory but no observed exploitation suggests a serious-but-not-yet-weaponized issue typical of a coordinated vendor disclosure. No SSVC decision data or automatability signal was provided. There are no internal contradictions between the vector and the description (both agree on authenticated network access), so no conflicting-signal caveat is needed here beyond noting the missing EPSS/KEV/POC data. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker who has obtained valid low-privileged credentials for the gNMI service (or has pivoted onto the management network where gNMI is reachable) sends a crafted gNMI message containing attacker-controlled format specifiers to the gRPC daemon. The malformed input is passed into a format-string sink, allowing the attacker to crash or disrupt the telemetry service, read out-of-bounds memory for information disclosure, or in the worst case corrupt memory to achieve root-level code execution on the device. No public proof-of-concept was provided in the input. |
Get an e-mail when this CVE is exploited, patched or re-scored. Free account.
Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 14, 2026
An authenticated format-string vulnerability in the gRPC daemon that backs the gNMI service on Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved lets a network attacker who holds valid low-privileged credentials feed crafted format specifiers into a telemetry code path, with potential outcomes ranging from telemetry-service disruption and information disclosure up to root-level code execution. The flaw is rated CVSS 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), so exploitation is remote but requires an authenticated session against an enabled, network-reachable gNMI interface - it is not reachable by a fully anonymous attacker. At the time of analysis there is no CISA KEV entry and no public exploit code identified, and the vendor has published advisory JSA112250; this is a credible priority for organizations running Evolved with gNMI exposure, but not a drop-everything emergency on the available signals.
RemediationAI
Apply the fixed Junos OS Evolved release specified in Juniper advisory JSA112250 (https://supportportal.juniper.net/JSA112250) - that advisory is the only authoritative source for exact patched version numbers, and no patch version is independently confirmed in the available data, so verify the target release train against the advisory before upgrading. Until the upgrade is performed, the most effective compensating control is to remove the attack surface: if gNMI/model-driven telemetry is not operationally required, disable it entirely, accepting the loss of streaming telemetry and any automation that depends on it. Where gNMI must stay enabled, restrict the gRPC/gNMI listener (typically TCP 32767 on Junos) to a locked-down management plane using firewall filters and loopback/interface ACLs that permit only specific trusted collector and management host addresses; the trade-off is that misconfigured filters will silently break telemetry pipelines and gNMI-based automation. Because exploitation requires authentication (PR:L), enforcing strong, unique credentials and disabling shared or legacy accounts on the device raises the bar, though it does not eliminate the flaw for a compromised low-privileged account. Monitor for anomalous gNMI/gRPC traffic - oversized or malformed messages, unexpected disconnects of the telemetry process, or daemon restarts - as a detection backstop, and note that format-string triggers are unlikely to trip conventional signature rules.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
The affected component is the gRPC daemon implementing gNMI (gRPC Network Management Interface) on Junos OS Evolved, the Linux-based, modular rewrite of Junos that is distinct from classic Junos OS on FreeBSD. gNMI rides on gRPC/HTTP2 and is used for model-driven telemetry, configuration retrieval, and streaming operational state; because it exposes a programmatic control surface to the network, its message handlers must treat every field as untrusted input. The root cause class is CWE-134, Use of Externally-Controlled Format String: attacker-supplied content from a gNMI message is passed, without sanitization, as (or into) a format string consumed by a printf-family function, so embedded conversion specifiers such as %n, %s, and %x are interpreted as instructions rather than literal text. Classic format-string exploitation first leaks stack and heap contents (information disclosure, including memory that may contain credentials or keys), then uses %n-style arbitrary-write primitives to corrupt control data and hijack execution. Because the gRPC daemon runs with elevated privileges in the routing platform's process architecture, successful corruption escalates to root-level code execution, which is why both Confidentiality and Integrity are rated High. The CPE record cpe:2.3:a:juniper_networks:junos_os_evolved:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* carries a wildcard version, consistent with the advisory covering Junos OS Evolved broadly rather than a single release; classic Junos OS is not in scope.
Know when Junos Os Evolved gets its next vulnerability
- Watch products and get an email when something new is published
- Check this CVE against your own stack and servers
- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
No credit card · 7-day full trial
Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:L
Network-facing gNMI service with low-complexity crafted-message trigger, but an authenticated session is required (PR:L); format-string flaw yields full C/I/A impact including root code execution.
Primary rating from Vendor (juniper).
CVSS VectorVendor: juniper
Lifecycle Timeline
3DescriptionCVE.org
An Use of Externally-Controlled Format String vulnerability in the gRPC daemon of Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved allows an authenticated network attacker to cause telemetry-service disruption, information disclosure, or potential root-level code execution via a crafted message to the gNMI service.
Executive ViewAI
Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved carries a high-severity vulnerability in its gNMI telemetry service that an authenticated low-privileged network attacker could use to disrupt telemetry and potentially gain root-level control of affected devices. Leadership should care because affected network devices underpin visibility, configuration integrity, and trust across the environment, and no vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis, making access controls and exposure reduction the immediate levers. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, so this is a priority hardening and monitoring issue rather than an active incident.
Restrict gNMI/gRPC access to trusted management networks; disable gNMI where not required; enforce least privilege and MFA for all management accounts; monitor telemetry/gRPC logs for anomalous format-string or crash activity; apply vendor workarounds from JSA112250 until a fixed release is available.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.
Remote Code Execution represents the critical moment when an attacker successfully runs arbitrary code on a target system without physical access.
More in Junos Os Evolved
View allAn Improper Handling of Exceptional Conditions vulnerability in Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an
An unauthenticated attacker on an adjacent Layer 2 segment can sustain a denial-of-service condition against Juniper Jun
An Exposure of Resource to Wrong Sphere vulnerability in the sampling service of Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved allow
Unauthenticated OS command injection in Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved's bootzd zero-touch provisioning (ZTP) daemon
An improper check for unusual or exceptional conditions in Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved Routing Protoc
Authenticated, low-privileged TACACS+ users on Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved can escalate to root and execute arbitr
A Missing Release of File Descriptor or Handle after Effective Lifetime vulnerability in plugable authentication module
Unauthenticated OS command injection in the bootzd zero-touch provisioning (ZTP) daemon of Juniper Networks Junos OS Evo
OS command injection in the phcd phone-home daemon of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved lets an adjacent, u
Heap-based buffer overflow in the sdxd service-deployment daemon of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allow
Unauthenticated remote code execution with elevated privileges is possible in Juniper Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved thro
Remote root code execution in the routing protocol daemon (rpd) of Juniper Junos OS is reachable through protocol-valid
EUVD-2026-101432
GHSA-hfw9-67r5-vhvc
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB