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Submariner CVE-2026-66786

| EUVDEUVD-2026-70247 CRITICAL
Code Injection (CWE-94)
2026-09-02 redhat GHSA-f6r4-g4jr-h7f2
Critical
Disputed · 9.1 Vendor: redhat
View

Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Control a joined member cluster
  2. Delivery
    Publish endpoint CRD with malicious CableName
  3. Exploit
    Inject newline + ipsec.conf leftupdown directive
  4. Execution
    Gateway regenerates IPsec config
  5. Persist
    Hook runs command as root on gateway
  6. Impact
    Pivot across multicluster mesh

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Code injection prevention, sandbox exec
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Execution, Initial Access

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Requires Submariner running in cert-auth mode and the attacker controlling a cluster that is already joined to the Submariner broker with the ability to publish Endpoint/CableName CRD values (reflected as PR:H). Exploitation depends on the gateway consuming attacker-influenced CRD strings and building the ipsec.conf connection config from them without sanitizing newlines or directive keywords; it is limited to deployments using cert-auth mode and to attackers who already hold a federated-cluster foothold, not arbitrary internet clients.

Impact

The CVSS 9.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H) reflects a network-reachable, low-complexity path to root with scope change, tempered by PR:H - the attacker must already control a cluster that is federated into the Submariner broker and able to publish endpoint CRDs. That precondition is the single most important limiter: this is not an internet-facing pre-auth bug but a trust-boundary failure where any one joined cluster can seize the gateway of the whole mesh, so it matters most in multi-tenant or partner-shared multicluster deployments. Given root-on-gateway with a scope change that pivots into peer clusters, any operator running Submariner cert-auth across clusters of differing trust levels should treat this as urgent regardless of team size. No EPSS score, KEV listing, or POC is present in the provided data, so exploitation likelihood signals are absent - the priority here rests on impact severity and the plausibility of the injection, not on evidence of in-the-wild use; verify with Red Hat's advisory whether an exploit or patched build is available.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker who controls or compromises one cluster in a Submariner mesh registers an endpoint whose CableName field embeds a newline followed by an ipsec.conf leftupdown directive pointing at an attacker-supplied command. When the target cluster's gateway ingests this CRD and regenerates its IPsec configuration, the injected hook executes as root during tunnel setup, giving the attacker code execution on the gateway and, via the scope change, a pivot into the broader multicluster fabric.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: CRITICAL severity.
Patch available 0.7% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Sep 02, 2026

Remote code execution as root on the Submariner gateway node is possible in cert-auth mode, affecting Submariner as bundled in Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2. The gateway builds its IPsec connection configuration from unvalidated free-form CRD fields, so a malicious member cluster can publish a CableName containing embedded newlines and ipsec.conf directives (e.g. a leftupdown hook) that get executed on the gateway. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; the flaw is reported and tracked by Red Hat.

RemediationAI

No vendor-released patch version is identified in the provided data - monitor the Red Hat advisory (https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-66786) and Bugzilla 2507531 for a fixed submariner-addon build and apply it once published. As compensating controls until then: restrict which clusters are permitted to join the Submariner broker so that only fully trusted clusters can publish endpoint CRDs (trade-off: reduces the flexibility of open multicluster federation); apply RBAC/admission-controller policy (e.g. an OPA/Gatekeeper or ValidatingAdmissionPolicy rule) to reject Endpoint/CableName CRD values containing newline or control characters or ipsec.conf keywords (trade-off: may block legitimate but unusually-named cables and requires per-schema tuning); and if cert-auth mode is not required, evaluate the alternate PSK auth path (trade-off: different key-management model, does not by itself remove the need for CRD validation). Isolate and monitor gateway nodes since successful exploitation yields root there.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Submariner provides cross-cluster L3 connectivity between Kubernetes clusters by establishing IPsec tunnels between designated gateway nodes, using Libreswan/strongSwan-style ipsec.conf connection stanzas. Endpoint metadata - including the CableName that identifies a tunnel - is propagated between clusters as Custom Resource (CRD) objects. The root cause is CWE-94 (improper control of code generation / code injection): in cert-auth mode the connection configuration is assembled by string interpolation of these CRD values without sanitizing control characters. Because ipsec.conf is newline-delimited and supports directives such as leftupdown that invoke shell scripts on tunnel state changes, a CableName carrying newlines plus a crafted directive lets an attacker append arbitrary configuration or a command hook that the IPsec daemon runs as root on the gateway host.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Sources disagree (Medium–Critical)
Vendor (redhat) PRIMARY 9.1 CRITICAL
AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
vuln.today AI 9.1 CRITICAL

Attacker must control a federated cluster able to publish CRDs (PR:H); injection is network-reachable and low-complexity, root on gateway plus cross-cluster pivot gives S:C and C/I/A:H.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
Red Hat 9.1 MEDIUM

vuln.today treats the vendor’s rating as authoritative. A higher third-party CVSS (e.g. CISA-ADP) is shown for transparency but does not drive the headline severity.

CVSS VectorVendor: redhat

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
High
User Interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

DescriptionCVE.org

A flaw was found in submariner. In cert-auth mode, the connection configuration is built using free-form strings from the Custom Resource Definition (CRD) without proper validation. A malicious cluster can exploit this by publishing a CableName that includes newlines and ipsec.conf directives. This allows an attacker to inject arbitrary configuration parameters or execute commands through leftupdown hooks, leading to remote code execution as root on the gateway node.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Submariner gateways in Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2 are vulnerable to remote code execution as root when operating in certificate-authentication mode. Attackers with access to any member cluster can inject malicious commands via crafted IPsec configuration fields in cluster registration data, achieving root-level compromise of gateway infrastructure and potentially disrupting all multi-cluster communications.

Business Impact: Severe
Compensating Controls

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations: Implement strict RBAC policies minimizing member cluster permissions and CRD access; deploy network policies isolating gateway nodes from member cluster traffic; enable comprehensive audit logging on CRD modifications and gateway node processes; consider disabling Submariner or switching to alternative authentication modes pending vendor remediation.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.7%
Top 48% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
niche multicluster networking add-on within Red Hat ACM deployments
Social Media
4
Sightings
Data Quality
7 sources
Confidence: High
EUVD NVD CVE.org EPSS Vulnrichment Vendor CIRCL VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity CRITICAL
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.7%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
CRITICAL severity
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact
Very High
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

47
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: +1
CVSS: +46
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Code Injection CRITICAL

Code injection occurs when an application accepts user input and passes it directly into a language interpreter or evaluator without proper sanitization.

Remote Code Execution represents the critical moment when an attacker successfully runs arbitrary code on a target system without physical access.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_advanced_cluster_management_for_kubernetes_2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_advanced_cluster_management_for_kubernetes_2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_advanced_cluster_management_for_kubernetes_2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_advanced_cluster_management_for_kubernetes_2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_advanced_cluster_management_for_kubernetes_2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_advanced_cluster_management_for_kubernetes_2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_advanced_cluster_management_for_kubernetes_2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_advanced_cluster_management_for_kubernetes_2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_advanced_cluster_management_for_kubernetes_2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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Vendor StatusVendor

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