CVE-2023-50186
HIGHCVSS Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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2Tags
Description
GStreamer AV1 Video Parsing Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of GStreamer. Interaction with this library is required to exploit this vulnerability but attack vectors may vary depending on the implementation. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of metadata within AV1 encoded video files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-22300.
Analysis
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in GStreamer's AV1 video parsing functionality that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code when processing specially crafted AV1 video files. The vulnerability affects all versions of GStreamer prior to the patched release and requires user interaction to exploit, though attack vectors may vary depending on implementation. With an EPSS score of 9.18% (93rd percentile), this vulnerability has a higher-than-average likelihood of exploitation in the wild, though it is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog.
Technical Context
GStreamer is a widely-used open-source multimedia framework that provides libraries and tools for constructing graphs of media-handling components, identified by CPE cpe:2.3:a:gstreamer:gstreamer:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*. The vulnerability occurs specifically in the AV1 (AOMedia Video 1) codec parsing implementation when processing metadata within AV1 encoded video files. As classified by CWE-121 (Stack-based Buffer Overflow), the root cause is insufficient validation of user-supplied data length before copying it to a fixed-size buffer allocated on the stack, allowing attackers to overwrite adjacent memory regions and potentially hijack program execution flow.
Affected Products
All versions of GStreamer prior to the patched release are affected by this vulnerability, as indicated by the CPE identifier cpe:2.3:a:gstreamer:gstreamer:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*. The vulnerability was originally tracked as ZDI-CAN-22300 before public disclosure as ZDI-24-368. Users should consult the official GStreamer security advisory at https://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/security/sa-2023-0011.html for specific version information and detailed technical analysis.
Remediation
Immediately upgrade GStreamer to the latest patched version as specified in the vendor security advisory at https://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/security/sa-2023-0011.html. Until patching is possible, implement input validation for AV1 video files, restrict processing of untrusted media content, and consider sandboxing media processing applications to limit the impact of potential exploitation. Organizations should prioritize systems that automatically process video content from untrusted sources, as these present the highest risk profile for exploitation.
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