Suse

The Linux kernel mlx5e driver crashes with a null pointer dereference when profile change operations fail and rollback is unsuccessful, leaving the network device in an invalid state. A local attacker with standard user privileges can trigger a denial of service by attempting subsequent profile changes, such as through switchdev mode modifications, which will access the dangling null pointer and crash the system.

The Linux kernel's QFQ packet scheduler contains a use-after-free vulnerability in the qfq_change_class() function that incorrectly frees class and qdisc objects during error conditions, potentially causing a crash or memory corruption. A local attacker with unprivileged access can trigger this vulnerability to achieve a denial of service. A patch is available to resolve this issue.

The Linux kernel's NVMe-TCP implementation fails to validate pointer initialization in nvmet_tcp_build_pdu_iovec(), allowing remote attackers to trigger NULL pointer dereferences and cause denial of service by sending H2C_DATA PDUs before completing proper command initialization. An unauthenticated network attacker can exploit this vulnerability to crash the kernel without requiring user interaction or special privileges.

The Linux kernel's CAN J1939 protocol implementation fails to properly deactivate sessions when receiving duplicate request-to-send messages, causing reference count leaks that prevent network device cleanup. A local attacker with user-level privileges can trigger this condition to cause a denial of service by exhausting kernel resources and preventing proper device unregistration. A patch is available to resolve the session lifecycle management issue.

A null pointer dereference in the Linux kernel's mlx5e driver allows local attackers with user privileges to cause a denial of service by triggering a kernel panic when eswitch mode configuration fails. The vulnerability occurs when mlx5e_priv structure is improperly dereferenced during profile attachment failures, particularly when switching to switchdev mode. A patch is available to resolve this issue by storing netdev directly instead of referencing the unstable mlx5e_priv structure.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dmaengine: idxd: fix device leaks on compat bind and unbind Make sure to drop the reference taken when looking up the idxd device as part of the compat bind and unbind sysfs interface. [CVSS 5.5 MEDIUM]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dmaengine: tegra-adma: Fix use-after-free A use-after-free bug exists in the Tegra ADMA driver when audio streams are terminated, particularly during XRUN conditions. [CVSS 7.8 HIGH]

Avahi daemon versions 0.9rc2 and below can be remotely crashed through a denial of service attack by sending a specially crafted mDNS response with a recursive CNAME record pointing to itself, triggering unbounded recursion and stack exhaustion. This vulnerability affects systems using multicast record browsers, including those relying on nss-mdns for service discovery. A patch is available for affected installations.

Firecracker contains a vulnerability that allows attackers to a local host user with write access to the pre-created jailer directories to ove (CVSS 6.0).

Linux kernel ublk subsystem suffers from a use-after-free vulnerability in partition scan operations where a race condition between device teardown and asynchronous partition scanning allows local attackers with user privileges to access freed memory, potentially causing denial of service or information disclosure. The vulnerability stems from improper reference counting of disk objects during concurrent operations, affecting all Linux systems with the vulnerable ublk driver. A patch is available to resolve this issue by implementing proper disk reference management in the partition scan worker.

A reference count leak in the Linux kernel's bpf_prog_test_run_xdp() function allows local users to cause a denial of service by preventing network device cleanup and exhausting system resources. The vulnerability stems from a missing cleanup call in the error handling path that fails to release a reference obtained during XDP metadata conversion. A local attacker with user privileges can trigger this leak to hang network device unregistration operations.

The Linux kernel's idpf driver contains a NULL pointer dereference in its RSS LUT handling that can be triggered when ethtool commands access the RSS lookup table immediately after a soft reset. Local users with standard privileges can crash the system by performing queue count changes followed by ethtool operations on the affected network interface. A patch is available to properly manage RSS LUT state during soft resets based on queue count changes.

The Linux kernel's Ceph authentication handler fails to properly propagate errors from mon_handle_auth_done(), allowing the msgr2 protocol to proceed with session establishment even when authentication fails in secure mode. This can trigger a NULL pointer dereference in prepare_auth_signature(), causing a denial of service on systems using Ceph for storage or communication. Local attackers with privileges to interact with Ceph authentication can crash the kernel or cause system instability.

A null pointer dereference vulnerability in the Linux kernel's libceph library occurs when free_choose_arg_map() is called after a partial memory allocation failure, allowing a local attacker with low privileges to cause a denial of service. The vulnerability exists because the function does not validate pointers before dereferencing them during cleanup operations. A patch is available to add proper pointer checks and make the cleanup routine resilient to incomplete allocations.

A local privileged user can trigger a kernel panic in the Linux kernel's Ceph client by providing a maliciously corrupted incremental osdmap with an unexpected epoch value, causing a denial of service. The vulnerability stems from overzealous assertion logic that should instead gracefully reject invalid osdmap data. A patch is available to replace the fatal BUG_ON check with proper validation.

The Linux kernel nfsd subsystem crashes when attempting to unlock a filesystem via administrative interface while the nfsd service is not running, as the unlock operation accesses freed state structures. A local user with administrative privileges can trigger a denial of service by attempting filesystem unlock operations against a stopped nfsd server.

Linux kernel ARP implementation incorrectly assumes that dev_hard_header() does not modify the SKB header structure, leading to potential denial of service when the function pointer is changed. A local user with standard privileges can trigger a system crash or hang by exploiting this unsafe memory assumption during ARP packet creation. A patch is available to properly reinitialize the ARP pointer after the dev_hard_header() call.

A null pointer dereference in the Linux kernel's traffic control action module (act_api) causes a denial of service during network namespace teardown when invalid error pointers are dereferenced. A local attacker with low privileges can trigger this crash by manipulating tc actions during system shutdown or container termination. A patch is available to guard against ERR_PTR entries during action cleanup.

A race condition in the Linux kernel's gpiolib subsystem allows local attackers with privileges to cause a kernel crash by exploiting unprotected access to uninitialized SRCU synchronization structures during concurrent gpiochip driver initialization. An attacker can trigger this vulnerability by causing multiple drivers to call gpiochip_add_data_with_key() simultaneously, resulting in a kernel page fault and denial of service.

The Linux kernel's idpf driver crashes with a NULL pointer dereference when ethtool RSS operations are performed before the network interface is brought up, affecting systems using this driver. A local attacker with unprivileged user access can trigger a denial of service by executing RSS configuration commands on a down interface. The vulnerability is resolved by initializing the RSS lookup table during vport creation rather than at interface startup.

A bounds checking vulnerability in the Linux kernel's libceph authentication handler allows local attackers with user privileges to trigger out-of-bounds memory reads, potentially leading to information disclosure or denial of service. The flaw exists in the handle_auth_done() function which fails to properly validate payload length before processing authentication data. A patch is available to address this vulnerability.

The Linux kernel's network stack contains a null pointer dereference vulnerability in message handling that could cause a denial of service when the msg_get_inq field is improperly written by the callee function. Local attackers with basic privileges can trigger this condition by reusing kernel-internal msghdr structures, resulting in system crashes or service interruption. A patch is available to prevent writes to this input field and eliminate the unsafe branching logic.

The ocelot network driver in the Linux kernel is susceptible to a null pointer dereference crash when adding a network interface under a link aggregation group, affecting systems using the ocelot_vsc7514 frontend. A local attacker with unprivileged access can trigger this denial of service condition by performing specific network interface configuration operations. A patch is available that adds proper pointer validation before accessing port structures.

A null pointer dereference in the Linux kernel's idpf driver allows local attackers with user privileges to cause a denial of service by triggering improper netdevice state management during reset operations. The vulnerability occurs when the driver fails to properly detach and close network devices before deallocating vport resources, leaving pointers unprotected from concurrent callback access. A patch is available to resolve this issue by implementing proper device state synchronization during reset handling.

The Linux kernel NFSv4 grace period handler contains a use-after-free vulnerability in the v4_end_grace function that can be triggered by local attackers with unprivileged access, allowing them to read or modify sensitive kernel memory or cause a denial of service. The vulnerability arises from improper synchronization between the grace period shutdown logic and the NFSv4 client tracking mechanism, which can result in memory being accessed after it has been freed. A patch is available to add proper locking that prevents concurrent access to the vulnerable code path.

A memory leak in the Linux kernel's skb_segment_list() function affects GRO packet processing and can cause denial of service through kernel memory exhaustion when processing forwarded packets. Local attackers with unprivileged access can trigger this vulnerability through crafted network traffic to exhaust available memory. A patch is available to resolve the improper memory accounting between parent and child socket buffers.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dm-verity: disable recursive forward error correction There are two problems with the recursive correction: 1. It may cause denial-of-service. [CVSS 5.5 MEDIUM]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nf_tables: avoid chain re-validation if possible Hamza Mahfooz reports cpu soft lock-ups in nft_chain_validate(): watchdog: BUG: soft lockup - CPU#1 stuck for 27s! [CVSS 5.5 MEDIUM]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: fix use-after-free warning in btrfs_get_or_create_delayed_node() Previously, btrfs_get_or_create_delayed_node() set the delayed_node's refcount before acquiring the root->delayed_nodes lock. [CVSS 7.8 HIGH]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: gpio: mpsse: ensure worker is torn down When an IRQ worker is running, unplugging the device would cause a crash. The sealevel hardware this driver was written for was not hotpluggable, so I never realized it. [CVSS 5.5 MEDIUM]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: RDMA/core: always drop device refcount in ib_del_sub_device_and_put() Since nldev_deldev() (introduced by commit 060c642b2ab8 ("RDMA/nldev: Add support to add/delete a sub IB device through netlink") grabs a reference using ib_device_get_by_index() before calling ib_del_sub_device_and_put(), we need to drop that reference before returning -EOPNOTSUPP error. [CVSS 7.8 HIGH]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: gve: defer interrupt enabling until NAPI registration Currently, interrupts are automatically enabled immediately upon request. [CVSS 7.8 HIGH]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: s390: Fix gmap_helper_zap_one_page() again A few checks were missing in gmap_helper_zap_one_page(), which can lead to memory corruption in the guest under specific circumstances. Add the missing checks. [CVSS 7.8 HIGH]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: usb: rtl8150: fix memory leak on usb_submit_urb() failure In async_set_registers(), when usb_submit_urb() fails, the allocated async_req structure and URB are not freed, causing a memory leak. [CVSS 5.5 MEDIUM]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksmbd: Fix memory leak in get_file_all_info() In get_file_all_info(), if vfs_getattr() fails, the function returns immediately without freeing the allocated filename, leading to a memory leak. [CVSS 5.5 MEDIUM]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: dsa: properly keep track of conduit reference Problem description ------------------- DSA has a mumbo-jumbo of reference handling of the conduit net device and its kobject which, sadly, is just wrong and doesn't make sense. [CVSS 7.8 HIGH]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: cifs: Fix memory and information leak in smb3_reconfigure() In smb3_reconfigure(), if smb3_sync_session_ctx_passwords() fails, the function returns immediately without freeing and erasing the newly allocated new_password and new_password2. [CVSS 5.5 MEDIUM]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksmbd: Fix refcount leak when invalid session is found on session lookup When a session is found but its state is not SMB2_SESSION_VALID, It indicates that no valid session was found, but it is missing to decrement the reference count acquired by the session lookup, which results in a reference count leak. [CVSS 5.5 MEDIUM]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: io_uring/poll: correctly handle io_poll_add() return value on update When the core of io_uring was updated to handle completions consistently and with fixed return codes, the POLL_REMOVE opcode with updates got slightly broken. [CVSS 5.5 MEDIUM]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KEYS: trusted: Fix a memory leak in tpm2_load_cmd 'tpm2_load_cmd' allocates a tempoary blob indirectly via 'tpm2_key_decode' but it is not freed in the failure paths. Address this by wrapping the blob into with a cleanup helper. [CVSS 5.5 MEDIUM]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nf_conncount: fix leaked ct in error paths There are some situations where ct might be leaked as error paths are skipping the refcounted check and return immediately. [CVSS 5.5 MEDIUM]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usb: phy: isp1301: fix non-OF device reference imbalance A recent change fixing a device reference leak in a UDC driver introduced a potential use-after-free in the non-OF case as the isp1301_get_client() helper only increases the reference count for the returned I2C device in the OF case. [CVSS 7.8 HIGH]

A flaw was found in Epiphany, a tool that allows websites to open external URL handler applications with minimal user interaction. This design can be misused to exploit vulnerabilities within those handlers, making them appear remotely exploitable. [CVSS 8.0 HIGH]

npm cli contains an insecure module loading mechanism that enables local privilege escalation on Node.js installations. An attacker with low-privileged code execution can exploit this flaw to gain elevated privileges and execute arbitrary code with target user permissions. No patch is currently available for this vulnerability.

SIPp is vulnerable to a NULL pointer dereference that can be triggered by remote attackers sending malicious SIP messages during active calls, resulting in application crashes and denial of service. Under certain conditions, this vulnerability may also enable arbitrary code execution, potentially compromising system integrity and availability. No patch is currently available.

GIMP PSP File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of GIMP. [CVSS 7.8 HIGH]

7-Zip ZIP File Parsing Directory Traversal Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of 7-Zip. [CVSS 7.8 HIGH]

The Golang sigstore framework versions 1.10.3 and below fail to validate cache directory paths in the legacy TUF client, allowing a malicious TUF repository to overwrite arbitrary files on disk within the calling process's permission scope. This impacts direct users of the TUF client in sigstore/sigstore and older Cosign versions, though public Sigstore deployments are protected by metadata validation from trusted collaborators. No patch is currently available for this medium-severity path traversal vulnerability.

Dragonfly P2P file distribution system versions 2.4.1-rc.0 and below have a missing authentication vulnerability allowing unauthenticated access to the management API.

Rekor versions 1.4.3 and earlier contain a server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in the /api/v1/index/retrieve endpoint that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to probe internal networks through blind SSRF attacks by supplying arbitrary URLs for public key retrieval. While the vulnerability cannot directly exfiltrate data or modify state since responses are not returned and only GET requests are supported, it enables reconnaissance of internal infrastructure. The issue is patched in version 1.5.0, or can be mitigated by disabling the retrieve API with --enable_retrieve_api=false.

Soft Serve self-hosted Git server versions 0.11.2 and below have a critical authentication bypass that allows unauthenticated access to private repositories.

Incus is a system container and virtual machine manager. [CVSS 8.7 HIGH]

Incus contains a vulnerability that allows attackers to adding arbitrary lifecycle hooks, ultimately resulting in arbitrary command exec (CVSS 8.7).

Rekor versions 1.4.3 and below are vulnerable to denial of service through a null pointer dereference when processing malformed cose/v0.0.1 entries with empty spec.message fields. An unauthenticated remote attacker can trigger a panic in the Rekor process by sending a specially crafted entry, resulting in a 500 error response and temporary service disruption, though the thread recovery mechanism limits availability impact. The vulnerability has been patched in version 1.5.0.

Gitea fails to validate repository ownership when linking attachments to releases, allowing users to attach files from one repository to releases in another.

Gitea's OpenID URI visibility controls lack proper ownership validation, allowing authenticated users to modify the visibility settings of other users' OpenID identities. This integrity bypass affects any Gitea instance where multiple users manage OpenID configurations, enabling account enumeration or information disclosure through unauthorized visibility changes. A patch is available to remediate this medium-severity vulnerability.

Gitea fails to validate repository ownership when deleting Git LFS locks, allowing users with write access to one repo to delete LFS locks in other repositories.

Gitea fails to enforce proper authorization checks when users attempt to cancel scheduled auto-merges through the web interface, allowing any user with pull request read access to cancel merge operations initiated by other users. This authorization bypass could disrupt automated workflows and merge processes across repositories. A patch is available to address this vulnerability.

Gitea's stopwatch API fails to re-validate repository access permissions, allowing revoked users to access sensitive information through active stopwatch sessions. An authenticated attacker with prior access to a private repository can enumerate issue titles and repository names even after their permissions have been removed. A patch is available to enforce proper access control validation.

Gitea's notification API fails to re-validate repository access permissions when retrieving notification details, allowing users with revoked access to private repositories to continue viewing issue and pull request titles through cached notifications. An authenticated attacker can exploit this to maintain visibility into sensitive repository content after their access has been removed. A patch is available.

Gitea does not properly validate project ownership in organization operations, allowing users with project write access to manipulate projects belonging to other organizations.

Gitea fails to properly validate repository ownership when processing attachment deletion requests, allowing an authenticated attacker to delete files from repositories they no longer have access to by routing deletion requests through a different accessible repository. This authorization bypass affects all users who have uploaded attachments to shared repositories and could result in loss of critical project documentation or resources. A patch is available to address this improper access control vulnerability.

The orjson.dumps function in orjson thru 3.11.4 does not limit recursion for deeply nested JSON documents. [CVSS 7.5 HIGH]

Directory Traversal vulnerability in Beam beta9 v.0.1.521 allows a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information via the joinCleanPath function. [CVSS 6.0 MEDIUM]

Malicious wheel files can modify file permissions on critical system files during extraction in Python wheel versions 0.40.0-0.46.1, enabling attackers to alter SSH keys, configuration files, or executable scripts. This path traversal and permission manipulation flaw affects systems unpacking untrusted wheels and can lead to privilege escalation or arbitrary code execution. Public exploit code exists for this vulnerability, though a patch is available in version 0.46.2.

pytest versions up to 9.0.2 contains a vulnerability that allows attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly gain privileges (CVSS 6.8).

Seroval versions 1.4.0 and below are vulnerable to denial of service attacks due to unbounded recursion when serializing deeply nested objects, allowing remote attackers to crash applications by exceeding the call stack limit. The vulnerability affects the deserialization library's handling of complex data structures without depth validation. Version 1.4.1 introduces a configurable depthLimit parameter to prevent exploitation of this resource exhaustion condition.

Signature threshold validation bypass in go-tuf versions 2.0.0 through 2.3.0 allows a compromised or misconfigured TUF repository to disable signature verification by setting thresholds to zero, enabling attackers to tamper with metadata files without detection. This affects systems relying on go-tuf for secure software update verification, potentially allowing unauthorized modifications to trusted metadata both at rest and in transit. A patch is available in version 2.3.1.

go-tuf is a Go implementation of The Update Framework (TUF). [CVSS 5.9 MEDIUM]

Seroval versions 1.4.0 and below are vulnerable to denial of service through malformed deserialization payloads that specify excessively large array lengths, causing the parsing process to consume excessive CPU resources and become unresponsive. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this without user interaction by sending a crafted serialized object to any application using the vulnerable library. The vulnerability has been patched in version 1.4.1.

Seroval versions 1.4.0 and below allow remote attackers to cause denial of service through maliciously crafted RegExp patterns during deserialization, either by exhausting memory with oversized patterns or triggering catastrophic backtracking (ReDoS). The vulnerability requires no authentication or user interaction and affects any application using the library to deserialize untrusted serialized data. A patch is available in version 1.4.1.

ImageMagick and Magick.NET versions 14.10.1 and below are vulnerable to denial of service attacks through a null pointer dereference in the MSL parser when processing malformed comment tags, exploitable by authenticated attackers without user interaction. Public exploit code exists for this vulnerability, and affected systems may crash or experience assertion failures depending on build configuration. No patch is currently available to address this medium-severity issue.

Privilege escalation in openCryptoki 2.3.2+ allows token-group members to exploit insecure symlink handling in group-writable token directories, enabling file operations on arbitrary filesystem targets when the library runs with elevated privileges. An attacker with token-group membership can plant symlinks to redirect administrative operations, potentially leading to privilege escalation or unauthorized data access. A patch is available.

Flux Operator versions 0.36.0 through 0.39.x contain an authentication bypass in the Web UI that allows authenticated users to escalate privileges and execute API requests with the operator's service account permissions. The vulnerability affects deployments where OIDC providers issue incomplete token claims or custom CEL expressions evaluate to empty values, bypassing Kubernetes RBAC impersonation controls. Cluster administrators running affected Flux Operator versions should upgrade to 0.40.0 or later.

Arbitrary code execution in Seroval versions 1.4.0 and below allows authenticated attackers to execute malicious JavaScript through improper deserialization handling in the fromJSON and fromCrossJSON functions. Exploitation requires multiple requests to the affected function and partial knowledge of runtime data usage, but grants full code execution capabilities. A patch is available in version 1.4.1 and later.

Seroval is affected by improperly controlled modification of object prototype attributes (prototype pollution) (CVSS 7.3).

Stored XSS in Argo Workflows artifact directory listing (versions prior to 3.6.17 and 3.7.8) allows workflow authors to inject malicious JavaScript that executes in other users' browsers under the Argo Server origin. An attacker can leverage the victim's session to perform API actions and access resources with their privileges. Public exploit code exists for this vulnerability; patched versions are available.

Fleet device management software has a signature verification bypass that allows attackers to install malicious firmware on managed devices across the fleet.

Fleet device management software versions prior to 4.78.3 suffer from broken access control that permits any authenticated user, including low-privilege observers, to access debug and profiling endpoints. Attackers can leverage this vulnerability to extract sensitive server diagnostics, runtime profiling data, and application state, or trigger CPU-intensive operations resulting in denial of service. The vulnerability affects multiple Fleet versions and has patches available.

External Secrets Operator versions 0.20.2 through 1.1.x contain an authorization bypass in the getSecretKey template function that allows authenticated users to retrieve secrets across namespace boundaries, circumventing intended access controls. An attacker with local Kubernetes access could exploit this to exfiltrate sensitive data managed by the operator outside their authorized namespace. The vulnerability has been patched in version 1.2.0 where the function was completely removed.

fleetdm/fleet is open source device management software. [CVSS 5.4 MEDIUM]

Lodash versions up to 4.17.22 is affected by improperly controlled modification of object prototype attributes (prototype pollution) (CVSS 5.3).

When passing data to the b64decode(), standard_b64decode(), and urlsafe_b64decode() functions in the "base64" module the characters "+/" will always be accepted, regardless of the value of "altchars" parameter, typically used to establish an "alternative base64 alphabet" such as the URL safe alphabet. [CVSS 5.3 MEDIUM]

An issue in ollama v.0.12.10 allows a remote attacker to cause a denial of service via the fs/ggml/gguf.go, function readGGUFV1String reads a string length from untrusted GGUF metadata [CVSS 7.5 HIGH]

An issue in ollama v.0.12.10 allows a remote attacker to cause a denial of service via the GGUF decoder [CVSS 7.5 HIGH]

ProFTPD 1.3.7a contains a denial of service vulnerability that allows attackers to overwhelm the server by creating multiple simultaneous FTP connections. Attackers can repeatedly establish connections using threading to exhaust server connection limits and block legitimate user access. [CVSS 7.5 HIGH]

to terminate unexpectedly. This issue affects BIND 9 versions 9.18.40 versions up to 9.18.43 is affected by reachable assertion (CVSS 7.5).

A null pointer dereference in the Linux kernel's socket error queue handling causes a denial of service when CONFIG_HARDENED_USERCOPY is enabled and applications attempt to retrieve error messages via recvmsg(). Local attackers with user privileges can trigger a kernel panic by reading from the socket error queue on affected systems running vulnerable kernel versions.

GNU Inetutils telnetd through version 2.7 contains a critical authentication bypass that allows remote attackers to gain root access by setting the USER environment variable to '-f root' during TELNET negotiation. With EPSS 75% and KEV listing, this trivially exploitable vulnerability (CVE-2026-24061) has been widely weaponized. Public PoC is available and patches exist.

A null pointer dereference in the Linux kernel's QFQ packet scheduler (net/sched/sch_qfq) allows local attackers with user privileges to cause a denial of service by deactivating an inactive aggregate during qdisc reset operations. The vulnerability occurs when multiple QFQ qdisc instances share a leaf qdisc, causing incorrect state assumptions during cleanup. A patch is available to resolve this issue.