Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
-
AccessCraft malicious PDF with embedded JS
-
DeliveryDeliver file to victim via email/download
-
ExploitVictim opens PDF in Foxit
-
ExecutionJS triggers reentrant annotation deletion
-
PersistAccess freed annotation object (UAF)
-
ImpactCrash or hijack execution in app context
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Memory lifecycle management
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Execution, Privilege Escalation The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires the victim to open a crafted PDF (UI:R) in Foxit PDF Editor or Reader, and that PDF must contain embedded JavaScript that triggers reentrant deletion of an annotation object - meaning JavaScript execution must be enabled/permitted in the reader. The attack vector is local (AV:L): the attacker cannot reach the application remotely and must rely on file delivery and user interaction. Limiting factors: mandatory user action to open the document, dependence on the embedded-JavaScript annotation-handling code path, and no authentication or special privileges otherwise required (PR:N). |
| Impact | This is a client-side, file-format use-after-free requiring the victim to open a malicious PDF, which the CVSS vector accurately captures: AV:L (the attacker cannot reach the target over a network - the malicious file must be delivered and opened locally), AC:L, PR:N (no authentication to the app), and critically UI:R (user must open the crafted document). The vendor's C:H/I:H/A:H impact and CWE-416 are consistent with a memory-corruption primitive that can plausibly be escalated beyond the stated crash to code execution, though the description itself only confirms a use-after-free and 'application crash' - the DoS outcome is confirmed while full RCE is an inferred worst case. No EPSS score, no CISA KEV listing, and no public POC were provided, so there is no evidence of active exploitation or automatable mass attack; this is a targeted, social-engineering-dependent issue rather than a wormable network flaw. Net: a legitimately high base score (7.8) but real-world urgency is moderated by the UI:R requirement and the absence of any exploitation signal. Note the conflict between the 'Denial Of Service' tag / crash-only description and the C:H/I:H full-impact vector - verify with Foxit whether code execution is achievable. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker crafts a PDF containing embedded JavaScript that triggers reentrant deletion of an annotation object, then references the freed object to create a use-after-free. The victim opens the file in Foxit PDF Reader or Editor, causing at minimum an application crash and potentially attacker-controlled memory access. No public exploit code was identified at time of analysis, and successful exploitation depends on the user opening the malicious document. |
Get an e-mail when this CVE is exploited, patched or re-scored. Free account.
Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Sep 23, 2026
Use-after-free in the annotation-handling code of Foxit PDF Editor and Foxit PDF Reader allows a crafted PDF containing embedded JavaScript to trigger reentrant deletion of an annotation object, causing the freed memory to be dereferenced afterwards - crashing the application and, given the CVSS vector's high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts (C:H/I:H/A:H), creating memory-corruption conditions that could potentially be steered toward code execution. The attack is client-side and file-based: per the vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R) no authentication or privileges are required, but the attacker cannot reach the application remotely and the victim must open the malicious document, with JavaScript execution permitted in the reader for the vulnerable code path to be reached. There is no public exploit code identified at time of analysis and no confirmation of active exploitation; no EPSS score was provided with the source data.
RemediationAI
No exact fix version is specified in the provided input data, and the sole reference (https://www.foxit.com/support/security-bulletins.html) is the authoritative Foxit security bulletin page where the patched builds are published; administrators should consult that page and upgrade both Foxit PDF Editor and Foxit PDF Reader to the latest listed release rather than assuming an unqualified 'all versions' scope implies no fix exists. Where immediate upgrade is not possible, the highest-value compensating control is to disable JavaScript execution in the reader (Preferences > JavaScript) and to enable Safe Reading Mode in the Trust Manager so that documents from untrusted locations cannot run JavaScript or launch actions - the trade-off is that interactive forms, calculations, and scripted validation in legitimate PDFs will stop working, so this may need to be a temporary posture. Because exploitation requires the victim to open a crafted file, mail and web gateways should strip or quarantine unsolicited PDFs from external senders and block PDFs delivered from untrusted URLs or inside archives, and high-risk users can be told to open PDFs only from vetted sources; this reduces delivery likelihood but does not remediate the underlying memory-safety bug. For defense in depth on Windows, enabling Exploit Protection mitigations such as Control Flow Guard and Arbitrary Code Guard for the Foxit executables can raise the cost of turning the use-after-free into code execution, and running the reader in a low-privilege or sandboxed context limits the blast radius of any successful memory-corruption exploit; none of these substitutes for applying the vendor patch once its version number is confirmed on the bulletin page.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affects your stack
Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
The issue is a CWE-416 use-after-free in Foxit's PDF annotation subsystem. PDF annotations (comments, form fields, markup, links, and similar objects) are heap-allocated structures referenced by both the document model and by the JavaScript engine that Foxit exposes for Acrobat-compatible PDF scripting. When embedded JavaScript initiates deletion of an annotation while that annotation is still being processed or iterated reentrantly, the object is released back to the heap but a stale pointer remains reachable; the subsequent dereference of that dangling pointer reads or writes freed memory. In a browser-style renderer this typically manifests first as an immediate crash (the denial-of-service signal captured by the 'Denial Of Service' and 'Memory Corruption' tags), but a UAF on a heap object with controllable layout is a classic precursor to reliable exploitation, which is why the vector assigns full High impact rather than a crash-only profile. Both affected CPEs - cpe:2.3:a:foxit_software_inc.:foxit_pdf_editor:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* and cpe:2.3:a:foxit_software_inc.:foxit_pdf_reader:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* - use wildcard version ranges, so the provided data does not pin a specific build threshold; the exact affected and fixed builds must be read from Foxit's security bulletin. The vulnerability class and exploitation prerequisites (local file delivery, embedded JavaScript, user opening the document) mirror prior Foxit annotation/JavaScript memory-safety findings rather than a remotely reachable network flaw.
Know when Foxit Pdf Editor gets its next vulnerability
- Watch products and get an email when something new is published
- Check this CVE against your own stack and servers
- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
No credit card · 7-day full trial
Severity by source
AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Local file-open vector (AV:L) with required user interaction (UI:R); UAF memory corruption justifies high C/I/A despite the description emphasizing crash, matching vendor.
Primary rating from Vendor (Foxit).
CVSS VectorVendor: Foxit
DescriptionCVE.org
A use-after-free vulnerability exists in Foxit PDF Editor/Reader’s handling of PDF annotations. Reentrant annotation deletion triggered by embedded JavaScript can cause the application to access an annotation object after it has been released, resulting in a use-after-free condition and application crash.
Zero Day Initiative Advisories
Executive ViewAI
A memory-corruption flaw in Foxit PDF Reader and Foxit PDF Editor (CVE-2026-91816) can be triggered when a user opens a maliciously crafted PDF with JavaScript permitted, potentially crashing the application and creating conditions that could be steered toward code execution on the affected workstation. Because the vulnerability is unauthenticated and requires only that an employee open a tainted document, the practical exposure is to any staff who routinely open PDFs from email, web downloads, or external partners - and no vendor patch is currently available to remediate it. Leadership should care because the only near-term defense is configuration hardening and user behavior, not patching, leaving a window in which a single opened file could compromise an endpoint and its data.
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations: disable JavaScript execution in Foxit PDF Reader and Foxit PDF Editor (Trust Manager/Preferences and administrative policy), enforce least-privilege user accounts and application allow-listing, block or sandbox untrusted PDF attachments at email and web gateways, monitor endpoints for Foxit process crashes and anomalous child processes, and consider an alternative PDF viewer for high-risk user populations until a fix is released.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Use-after-free vulnerabilities occur when a program continues to access memory through a pointer after that memory has been deallocated.
Memory corruption occurs when a program writes data beyond the boundaries of allocated memory regions or accesses memory in unintended ways, violating the integrity of the process's address space.
Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.
More in Foxit Pdf Editor
View allContent spoofing in Foxit PDF Editor and Foxit PDF Reader allows remote attackers to alter visible content in incrementa
Local privilege escalation in Foxit PDF Editor for macOS allows an attacker with a low-privilege foothold to execute arb
A local privilege escalation vulnerability in the auto-update daemon shipped with Foxit PDF Editor and Foxit PDF Reader
Man-in-the-middle attackers occupying the network path of Foxit PDF Editor and Foxit PDF Reader software-update traffic
Path traversal in the attachment-handling logic of Foxit PDF Editor and Foxit PDF Reader lets a crafted PDF write an emb
An out-of-bounds write (CWE-787) in the PDF rendering engine of Foxit PDF Editor and Foxit PDF Reader can be triggered w
Out-of-bounds write in the U3D/GIF texture decoding path of Foxit PDF Editor and Foxit PDF Reader allows a crafted PDF t
Insufficient validation of embedded-resource file paths in Foxit PDF Editor and Foxit PDF Reader (CVE-2026-91801) lets a
Foxit PDF Editor and Reader can crash due to a use-after-free (CWE-416) when a user opens a specially crafted PDF that i
Use-after-free in Foxit PDF Editor and Foxit PDF Reader (CWE-416) lets a specially crafted PDF trigger memory corruption
Heap-based out-of-bounds write in Foxit PDF Editor and Foxit PDF Reader occurs when the products decode JPEG2000 image d
A use-after-free in Foxit PDF Editor and Foxit PDF Reader can be triggered by opening a crafted PDF whose image objects
EUVD-2026-85158
GHSA-m242-r26h-qcvh
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
Exploit-DB