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WatchGuard Fireware OS EUVDEUVD-2026-67329

| CVE-2026-78008 HIGH
Out-of-bounds Write (CWE-787)
2026-08-27 WatchGuard GHSA-48wp-98wm-5fpp
8.6
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: WatchGuard
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Obtain administrator credentials via phishing or reuse
  2. Delivery
    Authenticate to Fireware OS Management Web UI
  3. Exploit
    Craft malformed HTTP or management protocol payload
  4. Execution
    Submit request to trigger out-of-bounds write
  5. Persist
    Crash management process (DoS) or hijack control flow (RCE)
  6. Impact
    Execute arbitrary code on firewall host

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Bounds checking, write limits
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Execution, Privilege Escalation

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires an authenticated administrator account on the WatchGuard Fireware OS Management Web UI, confirmed by the CVSS 4.0 PR:H metric - this is not exploitable by unauthenticated or low-privileged users. The attacker must additionally have network access to the management interface (AV:N), which in hardened deployments should be restricted to a dedicated management VLAN or trusted IP range. The vulnerability is triggered specifically by sending specially crafted network traffic to the Web UI, indicating the vulnerable code path lies within the HTTP or management protocol parser. Exploitation is bounded by: (1) mandatory administrator-level authentication as a precondition, (2) network reachability to the management interface, and (3) no scope change, meaning successful exploitation impacts only the Fireware OS host and does not directly propagate to downstream network segments. No non-default configuration is described as required beyond having the Management Web UI accessible.

Impact

The CVSS 4.0 score of 8.6 reflects substantial impact potential (VC:H/VI:H/VA:H) constrained by the high privilege requirement (PR:H), meaning an attacker must first hold valid administrator credentials - a non-trivial precondition that sharply limits the realistic attacker population. No EPSS score was present in the input data and cannot be independently derived here. KEV status is absent and no public POC has been identified, so at-scale exploitation probability is currently low. The PR:H requirement is the dominant risk-moderating signal: this is not a walk-up network attack but requires credential compromise, insider threat, or session hijack as a necessary precondition. SSVC framing suggests 'scheduled' rather than emergency remediation for most operators. However, Fireware OS sits on network perimeter devices - a successful post-authentication RCE on a firewall represents a high-value pivot point for lateral movement, persistent access, and traffic interception, making this more consequential than a typical authenticated admin-only flaw in an internal application. The absence of scope change (SC:N/SI:N/SA:N) means the exploit impact is contained to the firewall host itself rather than directly propagating to protected segments.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker who has obtained valid Fireware OS administrator credentials - through phishing, credential reuse, or insider access - authenticates to the Management Web UI and submits a specially crafted HTTP request or management protocol message containing a payload designed to overflow a buffer in the underlying parsing logic. Depending on platform memory protections and heap layout, this results in either a management service crash requiring appliance reboot (DoS) or a control-flow hijack enabling arbitrary code execution on the firewall host itself. No public proof-of-concept code has been identified at time of analysis.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Aug 28, 2026

Buffer overflow in the WatchGuard Fireware OS Management Web UI allows an authenticated administrator with network access to trigger a denial-of-service condition or potentially execute arbitrary code by submitting specially crafted traffic to the management interface. The root cause is CWE-787 (out-of-bounds write) in the web-based management component, and the CVSS 4.0 vector confirms network reachability with high-privilege authentication as prerequisites. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, though the RCE potential on a network perimeter device elevates the severity beyond what the privilege requirement alone might suggest.

RemediationAI

Consult the WatchGuard PSIRT advisory at https://psirt.watchguard.com/CVE-2026-78008 for the specific patched Fireware OS release; the available data does not confirm an exact fix version. As a compensating control while awaiting patch deployment, restrict access to the Management Web UI to a dedicated management VLAN or a small set of trusted administrator IP addresses using Fireware's built-in management access policies - this does not eliminate the vulnerability but removes it from general network reachability. Enforce multi-factor authentication on all administrator accounts to raise the credential-compromise bar that this vulnerability requires as a precondition; note that MFA does not prevent exploitation by a legitimately authenticated admin session. Where operationally feasible, consider disabling web-based management and requiring WatchGuard System Manager (WSM) access over a tightly controlled out-of-band management network, though this will affect teams dependent on the Web UI for day-to-day operations. Apply the vendor patch promptly once a confirmed release version is identified from the advisory.

Affected VersionsENISA

Fireware OS 12.0 <12.5.20
Fireware OS 2025.0 <2026.2.2
Fireware OS 12.0 <12.12.2

Affected Packages

euvd fireware_os fix: 12.5.20, 12.12.2, 2026.2.2

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The affected component is the Management Web UI of WatchGuard Fireware OS, the operating system running on WatchGuard Firebox hardware and virtual appliances (CPE: cpe:2.3:a:watchguard:fireware_os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*). The root cause class is CWE-787 (Out-of-Bounds Write), a memory corruption pattern in which application code writes data beyond the allocated bounds of a buffer. In a web-based management interface, this typically arises from insufficient length validation when parsing user-supplied HTTP parameters, headers, or management protocol payloads. Such writes can overwrite adjacent stack or heap memory - including return addresses or function pointers - enabling either process crash (DoS) or, if memory layout is favorable and mitigations absent, control-flow hijack enabling arbitrary code execution. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N) confirms the management UI is reachable over the network, consistent with Fireware OS deployments where the admin HTTPS interface listens on a dedicated port. The AT:N metric indicates no additional attack target requirements beyond authenticated access.

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Severity by source

Vendor (WatchGuard) PRIMARY 8.6 HIGH
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
vuln.today AI 7.2 HIGH

Network-reachable management UI requires administrator credentials (PR:H, AV:N); out-of-bounds write with RCE/DoS potential yields full C/I/A on the vulnerable system with no scope change.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (WatchGuard).

CVSS VectorVendor: WatchGuard

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
High
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
High
Vulnerable system: Integrity
High
Vulnerable system: Availability
High
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch available
Aug 28, 2026 - 04:16 EUVD
CVE Published
Aug 27, 2026 - 23:24 cve.org
HIGH 8.6

DescriptionCVE.org

A buffer overflow vulnerability in the WatchGuard Fireware OS Management Web UI allows an authenticated administrator with network access to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition or potentially execute arbitrary code by sending specially crafted network traffic.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

WatchGuard firewall management interfaces contain a buffer overflow vulnerability (CVSS 8.6) that could allow authenticated administrators to crash or compromise the security perimeter appliance itself. Without an available patch, organizational security depends entirely on restricting management access to trusted personnel and networks. The risk is heightened for organizations with distributed teams requiring remote management or extensive administrator accounts.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim compensating controls: (1) Restrict management interface access to whitelisted administrative IP ranges and networks only; (2) require multi-factor authentication for management access if available; (3) implement comprehensive logging and real-time alerting for management interface activity to enable rapid detection of exploitation; (4) maintain offline backups of firewall configuration for disaster recovery if management compromise occurs.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 77% exploitable
Prevalence
Medium
WatchGuard Firebox appliances are common in SMB and mid-enterprise network perimeter deployments.
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact
High
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

43
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +43
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

Memory corruption occurs when a program writes data beyond the boundaries of allocated memory regions or accesses memory in unintended ways, violating the integrity of the process's address space.

Remote Code Execution represents the critical moment when an attacker successfully runs arbitrary code on a target system without physical access.

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

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