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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Identify network-accessible DCAP service endpoint
  2. Delivery
    Apply specialized SGX attestation protocol knowledge
  3. Exploit
    Craft malformed attestation quote or collateral message
  4. Execution
    Trigger protection mechanism failure in verification logic
  5. Persist
    Manipulate DCAP system integrity
  6. Impact
    Cause downstream relying party to disclose confidential data

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2025 - Insecure Design
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Protection mechanism completeness
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires network access to an Intel DCAP service endpoint and 'special internal knowledge' of the attestation system's internal protocol structures or collateral formats, captured by the CVSS 4.0 AT:P (attack requirements present) metric. The CVSS 4.0 vector confirms no privileges are required (PR:N) and no user interaction is needed (UI:N), making the attack fully remote and unauthenticated once the attacker possesses the requisite internal knowledge. The AT:P requirement is the key limiting factor: opportunistic or automated scanning-based attackers are unlikely to possess sufficient familiarity with DCAP's attestation internals to craft the necessary inputs. No special non-default configuration of Intel DCAP is required beyond having the service deployed and network-accessible. Exploitation is bounded by the attacker's need to understand Intel SGX attestation protocol details to the degree necessary to craft meaningful malformed inputs.

Impact

The CVSS 4.0 score of 8.9 reflects a serious vulnerability: network-reachable, no privileges required, no user interaction, with high integrity impact on the vulnerable DCAP system and high confidentiality impact on subsequent systems - such as workloads or relying parties trusting the attestation result. The AT:P metric (attack requirements present) is the critical mitigating factor: 'special internal knowledge' of DCAP's attestation protocol internals is required, which substantially limits opportunistic or mass exploitation and restricts the realistic attacker pool to sophisticated, targeted adversaries. No EPSS data was provided in the available intelligence, and there is no CISA KEV listing, indicating no confirmed widespread active exploitation at time of analysis; no public exploit code has been identified. Despite these limiting signals, organizations operating SGX-based confidential computing infrastructure - from hyperscale cloud providers down to a mid-sized municipal IT team in legnica deploying confidential VMs - should treat remediation as high priority, because a successful exploit directly undermines the attestation trust model on which all SGX workload isolation depends. The combination of VI:H (integrity impact on the vulnerable DCAP system) and SC:H (confidentiality impact on subsequent systems) suggests an attacker capable of forging or manipulating attestation quotes, causing relying parties to accept compromised or malicious enclave measurements as legitimate.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A sophisticated attacker with detailed knowledge of Intel DCAP's internal attestation protocol structures identifies a network-exposed DCAP service endpoint and sends a crafted attestation message that exploits the protection mechanism failure. By bypassing or corrupting the attestation validation logic, the attacker manipulates the integrity of the DCAP system - potentially forging valid-appearing attestation quotes - causing downstream relying parties to disclose sensitive data or grant trust to a compromised or malicious enclave. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and the 'special internal knowledge' prerequisite realistically limits this scenario to well-resourced, targeted adversaries.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
No patch listed yet 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Aug 11, 2026

Protection mechanism failure in Intel Data Center Attestation Primitives (Intel DCAP) enables unauthenticated network-based attackers with specialized internal knowledge to undermine the integrity of the attestation system and expose confidential data from downstream systems relying on SGX enclave verification. The vulnerability (CWE-693) is particularly impactful in confidential computing environments where DCAP serves as the trust anchor for SGX workload isolation. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and Intel has published advisory INTEL-SA-01449 addressing this issue.

RemediationAI

Consult Intel Security Advisory INTEL-SA-01449 at https://intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01449.html for the specific patched version of Intel DCAP and apply the vendor-released update as soon as it is validated in your environment. No exact fixed version number was independently confirmed from the available input data beyond this advisory reference, so the advisory must be the primary source for upgrade targets. As an interim compensating control, restrict network access to DCAP service endpoints - particularly the Provisioning Certificate Caching Service (PCCS) - to trusted internal network segments only, reducing the external attack surface for adversaries who require network access to trigger the flaw; note that isolating PCCS may require pre-caching attestation collateral to avoid impacting SGX workload availability. Additionally, enable enhanced logging on attestation verification endpoints and audit for anomalous quote structures or unexpected collateral requests that could indicate exploitation attempts.

Affected VersionsENISA

Intel(R) Data Center Attestation Primitives (Intel(R) DCAP) may allow information disclosure. Unprivileged software adversary with an unauthenticated user combined with a low complexity attack may enable data exposure. This result may potentially occur via network access when attack requirements are present with special internal knowledge and requires no user interaction. The potential vulnerability may impact the confidentiality (none), integrity (high) and availability (none) of the vulnerable system, resulting in subsequent system confidentiality (high), integrity (none) and availability (none) impacts. See references

Affects your stack

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Technical ContextAI · show details

Intel DCAP is the software stack that enables SGX remote attestation without relying on Intel's centralized cloud-based Intel Attestation Service (IAS). It includes the Quote Generation Library (QGL), Quote Verification Library (QVL), and the Provisioning Certificate Caching Service (PCCS), which caches Intel SGX attestation collateral for local verification. CWE-693 (Protection Mechanism Failure) indicates that a defense mechanism - likely within the quote verification or attestation collateral validation pipeline - is absent or incorrectly implemented, allowing an attacker to circumvent expected trust guarantees. The CVSS 4.0 vector assigns AT:P (attack requirements present), consistent with the description's explicit requirement for 'special internal knowledge,' mapping to deep familiarity with DCAP's internal protocol structures or attestation message formats. The CPE data provided in the source is structurally malformed - it encodes the vulnerability description as the product identifier rather than a standard CPE string - so exact affected version ranges cannot be confirmed from CPE alone and must be derived from Intel's published advisory.

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Severity by source

Vendor (intel) PRIMARY 8.9 HIGH
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N
vuln.today AI 8.7 HIGH

Network vector, no privileges or interaction required; AC:H reflects mandatory special internal knowledge; scope change captures high confidentiality impact on downstream trusting systems.

3.1 AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (intel).

CVSS VectorVendor: intel

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
Present
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
None
Vulnerable system: Integrity
High
Vulnerable system: Availability
None
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
High
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

Protection mechanism failure for some Intel(R) Data Center Attestation Primitives (Intel(R) DCAP) may allow information disclosure. Unprivileged software adversary with an unauthenticated user combined with a low complexity attack may enable data exposure. This result may potentially occur via network access when attack requirements are present with special internal knowledge and requires no user interaction. The potential vulnerability may impact the confidentiality (none), integrity (high) and availability (none) of the vulnerable system, resulting in subsequent system confidentiality (high), integrity (none) and availability (none) impacts.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Intel's Data Center Attestation Primitives (DCAP) contains a high-severity vulnerability that could allow attackers with specialized knowledge to compromise confidential computing workload isolation and access sensitive data; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis. Organizations relying on DCAP for confidential workload security face immediate risk. No vendor patch is currently available, requiring prompt interim security controls.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations include: network segmentation and access controls to restrict exposure of DCAP-dependent systems; enhanced monitoring and logging of all attestation activities to detect compromise attempts; implementation of defense-in-depth verification mechanisms independent of DCAP; architectural review to minimize critical reliance on DCAP where feasible; and strict access controls on systems with specialized internal knowledge required for exploitation.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 75% exploitable
Prevalence
Medium
specialized SGX attestation infrastructure, enterprise and cloud data center deployments
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact
High
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

44
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +44
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

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