Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
AC:H reflects that exploitation requires the specific combination of untrusted URI input and host-based security controls; S:C retained because the vulnerability enables reaching and reading from out-of-scope internal hosts.
Primary rating from Vendor (GitHub_M).
CVSS VectorVendor: GitHub_M
Lifecycle Timeline
4DescriptionCVE.org
Guzzle is an extensible PHP HTTP client. Prior to 7.15.2 and 8.0.1, Guzzle gives a transport the request URI as text and supplies the Host header separately. The cURL handlers set CURLOPT_URL to the URI exactly as written and push that Host into CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER; StreamHandler does the same through fopen(). libcurl then parses the authority itself, percent-decoding it and, on an IDN-capable build, applying IDNA mapping, and uses the result to resolve, connect, name the TLS peer and address a proxy CONNECT, while the supplied Host suppresses the aligned one libcurl would have generated. For a URI host written as 127.0.0.%31, filter_var() rejects the host as an IP literal, yet libcurl decodes it to 127.0.0.1 and reaches loopback with no DNS lookup while the server receives Host: 127.0.0.%31. An attacker who influences a fetched URI can therefore reach a host the application's checks excluded and read whatever the host exposes of the response. The same divergence moves Guzzle's own decisions onto a spelling the transport does not use: no_proxy selects proxy routing from the literal host, and RedirectMiddleware decides from it whether to strip Authorization and Cookie. Exploitation requires the application to build a request URI from untrusted input and to make a host decision before handing it to Guzzle. This issue is fixed in versions 7.15.2 and 8.0.1.
AnalysisAI
Host confusion in GuzzleHttp Guzzle before 7.15.2 and 8.0.1 allows remote attackers who can influence a fetched URI to bypass application-level host validation and reach network hosts the application intended to block, including loopback and internal addresses. The divergence occurs because PHP's filter_var() and Guzzle's own host checks operate on the literal URI text while libcurl independently percent-decodes and IDNA-maps the authority before resolving and connecting, meaning the application and transport disagree on which host is being contacted. No public exploit has been identified and the vulnerability is absent from the CISA KEV catalog, but any application that implements SSRF mitigations via URI host inspection before passing a user-supplied URL to Guzzle is directly undermined.
Technical ContextAI
GuzzleHttp Guzzle (CPE: cpe:2.3:a:guzzle:guzzle:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*) is the dominant PHP HTTP client, used as a dependency by Laravel, Symfony, Drupal, and most major PHP frameworks. It delegates transport to libcurl via CurlHandler and CurlMultiHandler, or to PHP's stream wrappers via StreamHandler. The root cause is CWE-180 (Use of Incorrect Comparison): Guzzle passes the raw URI text to the transport while supplying the Host header separately. libcurl re-parses the URI authority independently, applying percent-decoding (e.g., %31 decodes to '1', making 127.0.0.%31 resolve as 127.0.0.1) and, on IDN-capable builds, IDNA mapping. PHP validators such as filter_var(FILTER_VALIDATE_IP) and Guzzle's own no_proxy matching, RedirectMiddleware auth/cookie-stripping logic, and cookie domain scoping all evaluate the literal URI string - a different value from what libcurl actually connects to. The fix introduces a HostValidator class that rejects percent-escaped URI hosts, non-printable ASCII in Host headers, authority delimiters in URI hosts, and numeric-looking hosts with trailing dots, and also regenerates the Host header after client URI rewrites to close the Host/URI divergence.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patches are available: upgrade to GuzzleHttp Guzzle 7.15.2 or 8.0.1 via Composer using 'composer require guzzlehttp/guzzle:^7.15.2' or 'composer require guzzlehttp/guzzle:^8.0.1' respectively. Release notes and patch details are at https://github.com/guzzle/guzzle/releases/tag/7.15.2 and https://github.com/guzzle/guzzle/releases/tag/8.0.1. If immediate patching is not possible, applications can partially mitigate by resolving and normalizing all incoming URIs to their canonically decoded form before any host validation and before passing to Guzzle, ensuring the checked host matches the host libcurl will connect to; this requires decoding all percent-sequences and applying IDNA normalization, which is complex and error-prone. A simpler but stricter compensating control is to reject any URI whose host field contains a percent character ('%') or non-ASCII bytes before it reaches Guzzle, at the cost of blocking legitimate internationalized hostnames. Neither workaround addresses the third-party UriInterface userinfo attack surface. Patching is strongly preferred.
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External POC / Exploit Code
Leaving vuln.today
EUVD-2026-52445
GHSA-v5mv-p594-2x33