Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
Exploitation requires private/container DNS control and non-canonical IP addressing in the application, so AC:H; no authentication or user interaction is needed once conditions are met.
Primary rating from Vendor (GitHub_M).
CVSS VectorVendor: GitHub_M
Lifecycle Timeline
4DescriptionCVE.org
Guzzle is an extensible PHP HTTP client. Prior to 7.15.2 and 8.0.1, SetCookie::matchesDomain() gives every subdomain of a cookie Domain that cookie unless SetCookie::matchesDomain() recognizes the Domain as an IP literal or a numeric host, and the decision comes from the domain's own text, so two spellings a transport reads as an address keep subdomain scope. Hexadecimal and mixed-base forms such as 0x7f000001 and 0177.0.0.0x1 go unrecognized while libcurl 8.21.0 reads both as 127.0.0.1. A percent-escaped Domain keeps that scope on both branches because percent-decoding sits above numeric parsing, so 192.168.0.%31 and 127.0.0.1%2e are registered names in the URI grammar rather than address literals, and no numeric rule in any base classifies them, while libcurl decodes the host before resolving and reads them as 192.168.0.1 and 127.0.0.1. A cookie stored for Domain=0x7f000001 is placed in the Cookie header of a request to evil.0x7f000001, disclosing a session identifier or token to a host that is not that address, and a response from evil.0x7f000001 setting Domain=0x7f000001 is accepted into the jar and replayed to the address, so a server answering for the look-alike name can fix a session or set application state. Exploitation requires the application to enable cookie support, address an origin by one of these spellings, and contact a host whose name ends in that spelling. This issue is fixed in versions 7.15.2 and 8.0.1.
AnalysisAI
Cookie domain scope bypass in Guzzle PHP HTTP client (prior to 7.15.2 and 8.0.1) allows improper cookie sharing via non-canonical IP address representations in cookie Domain attributes. The flaw in SetCookie::matchesDomain() fails to recognize hexadecimal (e.g., 0x7f000001), mixed-base octal (e.g., 0177.0.0.0x1), and percent-escaped (e.g., 192.168.0.%31) host spellings as IP literals, so cookies set for such domains incorrectly gain subdomain scope while libcurl resolves the same strings as actual IP addresses. This divergence enables an adversary-controlled host (e.g., evil.0x7f000001) to receive session cookies intended for the target IP, facilitating credential disclosure and session fixation; no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Technical ContextAI
The root cause is CWE-180 (Incorrect Behavior Order: Validate Before Canonicalize) in Guzzle's SetCookie::matchesDomain() within src/Cookie/SetCookie.php. RFC 6265 restricts subdomain cookie scope to registered hostnames, not IP addresses; Guzzle's guard for numeric hosts historically recognized only standard dotted-decimal notation. A transport-layer canonicalization gap emerges because libcurl 8.21.0 resolves hexadecimal single-integer forms (0x7f000001), inet_aton-style mixed-base octets (0177.0.0.0x1), and percent-escaped labels (192.168.0.%31, 127.0.0.1%2e) as concrete IPv4 addresses before connecting, while Guzzle's cookie logic evaluates the raw text string and classifies these as registered domain names eligible for subdomain scope. Percent-decoding sits above numeric parsing in Guzzle's pipeline, so percent-escaped values are never classified as IP literals regardless of branch. The CPE is cpe:2.3:a:guzzle:guzzle:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* covering the composer package guzzlehttp/guzzle. The related prior fix GHSA-g446-98w2-8p5w (CVE-2026-59883) addressed hex/octal in the rightmost label for 8.0.0, which is why 8.0.0 is only vulnerable to the percent-escaped variant.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: 7.15.2 and 8.0.1. Upgrade via Composer to guzzlehttp/guzzle ^7.15.2 or ^8.0.1 as appropriate for your major version branch. Release tags are confirmed at https://github.com/guzzle/guzzle/releases/tag/7.15.2 and https://github.com/guzzle/guzzle/releases/tag/8.0.1; the underlying code changes are in PRs #3907 and #3908. The fix enforces exact-match-only cookie domain scoping for percent-escaped domains and for domains whose dot-separated parts are all decimal, octal, or hexadecimal, eliminating the subdomain scope grant. If immediate upgrade is not feasible, disabling Guzzle's cookie jar (removing the cookies or CookieJar option from the Guzzle client) fully eliminates the attack surface with the trade-off of losing all stateful cookie handling. If cookies are required but upgrade is blocked, restrict all application-level origin addresses to standard FQDN notation - never pass hex, octal, mixed-base, or percent-encoded IP strings as origin hosts - which prevents the divergence from arising, though this requires auditing all call sites.
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External POC / Exploit Code
Leaving vuln.today
EUVD-2026-52443
GHSA-f7vp-7xgx-4w4r