Suse

Heap buffer overflow in NGINX Plus and NGINX Open Source ngx_http_rewrite_module allows unauthenticated remote attackers to crash worker processes and potentially achieve code execution via crafted HTTP requests targeting servers using rewrite directives with overlapping PCRE captures. The flaw affects a core HTTP module shipped in default builds, making widespread exposure plausible wherever vulnerable rewrite rules are configured, though exploitation requires specific configuration prerequisites and ASLR bypass for full RCE. No public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.

Shell injection in Netatalk 3.1.0 through 4.4.2 allows a high-privileged local attacker to execute arbitrary OS commands by embedding shell metacharacters in a configured volume path value. The flaw (CWE-78) arises because volume path strings are passed to a shell interpreter without sanitization, meaning any actor with write access to Netatalk's volume configuration can achieve full command execution under the Netatalk process context. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and the vendor has released a fix in version 4.4.3.

Privilege retention in Netatalk 1.5.0 through 4.4.2 results from auth modules silently ignoring failures of the seteuid() system call, allowing an authenticated network attacker to operate with unintended elevated privileges. When seteuid() fails-due to resource exhaustion, OS limits, or specific system configurations-the process continues execution under its original (higher) UID rather than the intended reduced privilege level, exposing file system objects or operations the user should not access. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV, but the vendor has confirmed the flaw and released a fix in version 4.5.0.

Path traversal via extended attribute (ea) handling in Netatalk 2.1.0 through 4.4.2 allows authenticated remote attackers to access or modify files outside intended directories on AFP file shares. The flaw stems from incomplete input sanitization on the ea code path and is resolved in 4.4.3. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.

Heap over-read in Netatalk's extended attribute (EA) header parser affects all releases from 2.1.0 through 4.4.2, allowing authenticated remote attackers to read beyond allocated heap boundaries under high-complexity conditions. The impact is limited to partial memory disclosure (C:L) and minor availability degradation (A:L) with no integrity impact, consistent with a read-only out-of-bounds primitive. No public exploit code exists and no active exploitation has been identified; vendor-released fix 4.5.0 is available.

Heap out-of-bounds read in Netatalk 3.1.0 through 4.4.2 allows authenticated remote attackers to disclose sensitive memory contents and potentially crash the daemon by sending malformed Spotlight RPC requests. The flaw stems from improper bounds checking during Spotlight RPC unmarshalling and is fixed in version 4.4.3. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and there is no evidence of active exploitation in CISA KEV.

Off-by-two memory corruption in Netatalk's papd daemon affects all versions from 2.0.0 through 4.4.2, fixed in 4.5.0. The flaw resides in the lp_write() function of the Printer Access Protocol daemon, where an off-by-two boundary error can produce minor integrity and availability impact when triggered by an adjacent-network attacker. With a CVSS score of 3.7 and no public exploit or CISA KEV listing identified at time of analysis, this is a low-severity issue requiring both local network adjacency and high attack complexity, significantly limiting real-world exploitability.

Out-of-bounds read in Netatalk versions 1.3 through 4.4.2 allows adjacent network attackers to trigger denial of service and potentially disclose memory contents via malformed ASP (AppleTalk Session Protocol) session IDs. The flaw, classified as CWE-125, was fixed in version 4.4.3, and no public exploit identified at time of analysis. CVSS 7.1 reflects an adjacent-network attack vector with no privileges required and a high availability impact.

LDAP filter injection in Netatalk 2.1.0 through 4.4.2 enables an authenticated remote attacker to manipulate LDAP query logic, potentially reading or modifying directory entries beyond their authorization scope. The CVSS score of 4.2 (Medium) reflects real but bounded impact - high attack complexity and a requirement for low-privilege authentication constrain opportunistic exploitation. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and this CVE is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

Out-of-bounds write in Netatalk versions 2.0.4 through 4.4.2 stems from a missing o_len bounds check in the pull_charset_flags() character-set conversion routine, enabling remote attackers with low privileges to corrupt memory and potentially compromise confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the AFP file server. The flaw is addressed in Netatalk 4.4.3, and no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis.

Timing side-channel exposure in Netatalk's DES-ECB authentication allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to conduct a cryptographic timing oracle attack against the AFP server, potentially recovering authentication secrets or credentials through statistical analysis of server response latency. Affected versions span 1.5.0 through 4.4.2 - a broad range covering multiple major releases - and the issue is rooted in non-constant-time operations during DES-ECB auth processing (CWE-208). No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and this CVE is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog; Netatalk 4.5.0 resolves the issue per the vendor advisory.

Denial of service in Netatalk versions 1.5.0 through 4.4.2 allows remote unauthenticated attackers to crash the AFP (Apple Filing Protocol) service by exploiting an integer underflow in the dsi_writeinit() function. The flaw is network-reachable with low complexity (CVSS 7.5, AV:N/AC:L/PR:N) and no public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the trivial trigger conditions make exploitation straightforward once a proof-of-concept emerges. Netatalk has resolved the issue in version 4.4.3.

Race condition in Netatalk's privilege toggle mechanism exposes AFP file server hosts to local privilege abuse across versions 2.2.5 through 4.4.2. The non-reentrant privilege toggle function can be exploited by a low-privileged local user who wins a narrow timing window to read, modify, or disrupt data at a transiently elevated privilege level. No public exploit code exists and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV; real-world risk is constrained by the requirement for local access and high attack complexity. Vendor-released patch is available in version 4.5.0.

Authentication bypass in Netatalk 2.2.2 through 4.4.2 allows attackers with high-privileged admin auth user credentials to circumvent authentication controls in this open-source AFP (Apple Filing Protocol) server implementation. The flaw, tracked as EUVD-2026-31234 and tagged as an Authentication Bypass weakness, carries a CVSS 7.2 (High) score and is fixed in version 4.5.0; no public exploit identified at time of analysis.

Stack buffer overflow in Netatalk's desktop.c affects all versions from 1.3 through 4.2.2, allowing a network-reachable low-privilege authenticated attacker to crash the AFP service or potentially execute arbitrary code on the server. The vulnerability is rooted in improper bounds checking within AFP desktop database handling code and carries a CVSS score of 6.0 (Medium) with high availability impact as the most reliably achievable outcome. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis, and the required high attack complexity materially limits real-world exploitation risk.

Shell injection in Netatalk 3.1.4 through 4.4.2 allows authenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands through a bitwise-OR logic flaw, achieving full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact (CVSS 7.5). Netatalk is the open-source AFP (Apple Filing Protocol) server commonly deployed on Linux/BSD NAS appliances to share files with macOS clients. The flaw was fixed in version 4.4.3; no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not currently in CISA KEV.

Predictable afpd session token generation in Netatalk 2.0.0 through 4.4.2 allows an authenticated remote attacker to forecast or brute-force valid session identifiers within the Apple Filing Protocol daemon. Per CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H, the scored impact is limited to high availability disruption, though the reporter tag 'Information Disclosure' suggests potential session-hijacking consequences that may not be fully captured in the CVSS scoring - a discrepancy analysts should verify against the vendor advisory. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing exists at time of analysis.

Weak cryptography in the dhcast128 user authentication module (UAM) of Netatalk versions 1.5.0 through 4.2.2 allows remote attackers to compromise confidentiality and integrity of AFP authentication exchanges. The flaw was reported by Securin and tagged as an information disclosure issue; no public exploit identified at time of analysis. The CVSS 7.4 score with High attack complexity reflects that exploitation requires conditions beyond a simple network request, yet the impact on credential material and session integrity is significant.

Information disclosure in Netatalk 2.1.0 through 4.4.2 exposes LDAP simple-bind passwords in log files, allowing any actor with read access to the affected logs to recover plaintext directory service credentials. The flaw is fixed in version 4.4.3, and no public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the CVSS 7.5 score reflects the high confidentiality impact of leaked bind credentials.

Arbitrary file read in Netatalk 3.0.2 through 4.4.2 allows authenticated remote attackers to create attacker-controlled symbolic links that the AFP server follows, exposing sensitive files outside the intended share. The flaw is fixed in version 4.4.3 and no public exploit identified at time of analysis. Securin reported the issue and the vendor has published an advisory at netatalk.io.

Heap buffer overflow in the Netatalk cnid_metad daemon's comm_rcv() function allows remote attackers with low-level privileges to corrupt memory across versions 2.0.0 through 4.4.2. Given the CVSS 9.9 score with scope change and high impact across confidentiality, integrity, and availability, successful exploitation likely leads to code execution in the daemon's context. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.

Out-of-bounds write in Netatalk versions 2.0.4 through 4.4.2 affects the convert_charset() routine during null termination handling, exposing the AppleTalk/AFP server implementation to memory corruption. Authenticated remote attackers can trigger heap or stack corruption that threatens confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the host. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the vendor has shipped a corrective release in 4.4.3.

Stack-based buffer overflow in Netatalk versions 2.0.4 through 4.4.2 allows authenticated remote attackers to corrupt memory via UCS-2 type confusion in the convert_charset() function, leading to high-impact compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The flaw affects Netatalk, the open-source AppleTalk/AFP file server commonly used to share files with macOS clients, and is fixed in version 4.4.3. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the high CVSS of 8.8 and low attack complexity warrant prompt patching.

SQL injection in Netatalk 3.1.0 through 4.4.2 allows authenticated remote attackers to compromise the MySQL-backed CNID (Catalog Node ID) database used to track AppleTalk/AFP file metadata. The high CVSS 8.8 score (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) reflects network-reachable exploitation with low privileges and high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability; no public exploit identified at time of analysis.

Heap-based buffer overflow in libsolv's repo_add_solv() function enables a remote unauthenticated attacker to crash the parsing process by delivering a specially crafted .solv repository metadata file containing negative values in the maxsize or allsize header fields. The malformed values bypass allocation sizing logic, producing an undersized heap buffer that is subsequently written past its bounds, yielding a denial of service. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; however, an upstream fix has been submitted via openSUSE/libsolv GitHub PR #617, and Red Hat has acknowledged the issue via a dedicated security advisory.

Stack-based buffer overflow in libsolv's Debian metadata parser allows remote, unauthenticated attackers to cause a denial of service by serving maliciously crafted Debian repository metadata containing SHA384 or SHA512 checksum tags. The root cause, confirmed by the GitHub PR #616 diff, is a statically allocated 65-byte stack buffer in `ext/repo_deb.c` sized only for SHA256 digests, which is overflowed by the larger SHA384 (96 hex chars) and SHA512 (128 hex chars) values. No active exploitation has been confirmed (not in CISA KEV) and no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis; an upstream fix is available as an open pull request.

Predictable salt generation in the Perl module Crypt::SaltedHash through version 0.09 weakens password hash storage by deriving salts from Perl's non-cryptographic rand() function. Attackers who obtain a salted hash database can predict or precompute salts, dramatically reducing the cost of offline brute-force or rainbow-table attacks against stored credentials. No public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS exploitation probability is negligible (0.01%), but the upstream maintainer has released a fix in version 0.10 that switches to a system CSPRNG.

Local privilege escalation in HP Linux Imaging and Printing Software (HPLIP) allows authenticated low-privileged users to execute arbitrary OS commands via command injection, potentially gaining elevated privileges on affected Linux hosts. The CVSS 4.0 score of 8.5 reflects high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability with low attack complexity, and no public exploit identified at time of analysis. The vulnerability is reported directly by HP PSIRT under advisory hpsbpi04118.

Heap-based integer overflow in the hpcups component of HP Linux Imaging and Printing Software (HPLIP) allows attackers to achieve arbitrary code execution and/or privilege escalation by submitting crafted print data. The CVSS 4.0 base score of 9.3 reflects network-reachable exploitation against the printing subsystem with no authentication or user interaction required, though no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue has not been added to CISA KEV.

Timing side-channel in the Perl module Crypt::SaltedHash through version 0.09 allows remote attackers to recover stored password hashes by measuring response-time discrepancies during hash validation. The flaw stems from use of Perl's short-circuiting `eq` operator inside the `validate()` routine, enabling byte-by-byte hash inference. EPSS is very low (0.02%) and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the upstream maintainer has shipped a fix in version 0.10 replacing the comparison with a constant-time routine.

Cross-origin data leakage in Google Chrome prior to 148.0.7778.179 exposes sensitive information to attackers who have already achieved renderer process compromise. The flaw stems from insufficient input validation (CWE-20) in Chrome's Input handling, enabling a crafted HTML page to exfiltrate data across origin boundaries. No active exploitation is confirmed - SSVC assigns exploitation status 'none' and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV - but the confidentiality impact is rated High by CVSS, warranting prompt patching.

Heap buffer overflow in the Chromecast component of Google Chrome on Android, Linux, and ChromeOS prior to version 148.0.7778.179 allows an adjacent-network attacker to execute arbitrary code within the renderer sandbox via malicious network traffic. Google's Chrome team reported the issue with a Medium severity rating, and no public exploit identified at time of analysis. The vulnerability requires adjacent network positioning rather than full internet-based access, limiting practical exploitation to attackers on the same local network segment.

Out-of-bounds read in the GPU process of Google Chrome on macOS prior to 148.0.7778.179 exposes potentially sensitive data from process memory to remote attackers. Exploitation requires a victim to visit a crafted HTML page (CVSS UI:R), limiting automation potential - consistent with SSVC's 'Automatable: no' determination. No public exploit identified at time of analysis and CISA has not added this to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog; Chrome's own severity rating is Medium.

Heap corruption in Google Chrome's GPU component prior to version 148.0.7778.179 allows remote attackers to exploit an out-of-bounds read via a crafted HTML page, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution or information disclosure within the renderer context. The flaw carries a CVSS 8.8 (High) rating due to network reachability and high impact across confidentiality, integrity, and availability, though exploitation requires user interaction (visiting a malicious page). There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and CISA SSVC marks exploitation status as 'none', suggesting opportunistic rather than active targeting.

Remote code execution in Google Chrome versions prior to 148.0.7778.179 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code within the renderer sandbox via a crafted HTML page that triggers a use-after-free in the DOM implementation. The flaw requires user interaction (visiting a malicious page) but no authentication, and while Chromium rates its security severity as Medium, the CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8 reflects high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.

Remote code execution in Google Chrome versions prior to 148.0.7778.179 stems from a use-after-free flaw in the WebRTC component, enabling a remote attacker to run arbitrary code when a victim visits a crafted HTML page. Chromium rates the severity as High and the CVSS 3.1 score is 8.8, but exploitation requires user interaction (UI:R); no public exploit identified at time of analysis.

Heap buffer overflow in the WebRTC component of Google Chrome before 148.0.7778.179 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code within the renderer sandbox by luring a victim to a crafted HTML page. The flaw was reported by Chrome's internal security team, has a patched stable channel build available, and carries a CVSS 8.8 score with no public exploit identified at time of analysis. SSVC currently rates exploitation as 'none' but technical impact as 'total', reflecting full compromise of the affected process if triggered.

Remote code execution in Google Chrome on Windows prior to 148.0.7778.179 stems from a use-after-free flaw in the XR (WebXR) component, enabling a remote attacker to run arbitrary code in the renderer process by enticing a user to visit a crafted HTML page. Chromium rates the issue High severity and CVSS scores it 8.8; no public exploit identified at time of analysis and SSVC reports exploitation status as none. A vendor patch is available via the Stable Channel update referenced in the Chrome Releases advisory.

Sandbox escape in Google Chrome (Linux and ChromeOS) prior to 148.0.7778.179 allows a remote attacker who has already compromised the renderer process to break out via a crafted video file processed by the GFX component. The flaw is a type confusion (CWE-843) rated High severity by Chromium, with no public exploit identified at time of analysis and SSVC indicating exploitation has not been observed. It requires user interaction and chained exploitation of a prior renderer compromise, which raises the bar despite the High CVSS of 7.5.

ServiceWorker policy enforcement failure in Google Chrome prior to version 148.0.7778.179 enables unauthenticated remote attackers to leak cross-origin data by luring a victim to a crafted HTML page. The vulnerability stems from Chrome's ServiceWorker layer failing to adequately enforce isolation boundaries (CWE-693), allowing a malicious origin to read data it should not have access to under the same-origin policy. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the CVSS score of 4.3 reflects limited confidentiality impact; however, the zero-privilege, network-accessible attack vector means any Chrome user browsing a malicious page could be affected.

Same-origin policy bypass in Google Chrome's Service Worker subsystem (all versions prior to 148.0.7778.179) allows remote unauthenticated attackers to read cross-origin data by luring a victim to a crafted HTML page. The flaw originates from insufficient policy enforcement (CWE-693) within the Service Worker layer, enabling unauthorized access to confidential data across origins. No public exploit code has been identified and no active exploitation is confirmed; Google has shipped a fix in stable channel version 148.0.7778.179.

Remote code execution in Google Chrome versions prior to 148.0.7778.179 stems from a use-after-free condition in the QUIC networking stack, allowing remote attackers to execute arbitrary code within the browser sandbox via malicious network traffic. Exploitation requires user interaction (visiting a malicious site or processing attacker-controlled QUIC traffic), and no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis. Chromium rates this as High severity, and a vendor patch is available.

Out-of-bounds memory read in the GPU component of Google Chrome on macOS exposes process memory to remote attackers via a crafted HTML page. Affected versions are all Chrome releases prior to 148.0.7778.179 on Mac; Windows and Linux are not identified as affected. No public exploit or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, and SSVC confirms exploitation status as none with non-automatable attack delivery.

Remote code execution in Google Chrome on Windows prior to version 148.0.7778.179 stems from a use-after-free condition in the GPU component, enabling a remote attacker to run arbitrary code within the renderer sandbox after the victim loads a crafted HTML page. Google has rated the issue High severity and shipped a fix; no public exploit identified at time of analysis and SSVC indicates exploitation status 'none' despite total technical impact.

UI spoofing in Google Chrome on Windows (prior to 148.0.7778.179) enables a remote attacker who has already achieved renderer process compromise to deceive end users through a crafted HTML page, exploiting CWE-451 (UI Misrepresentation of Critical Information). Affected users on Windows running any Chrome version below 148.0.7778.179 are exposed to potential phishing or credential-harvesting scenarios dressed up as legitimate browser UI. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing exists at time of analysis, but the Chromium team assigned a Critical internal severity - a meaningful contrast with the NVD CVSS score of 4.2 - suggesting the spoofing potential carries downstream risk beyond what the base score reflects.

Remote code execution in Google Chrome on Linux before 148.0.7778.179 stems from a use-after-free flaw in the WebRTC component, allowing a remote attacker who lures a victim to a crafted HTML page to execute arbitrary code in the renderer process. Chromium rates the severity as Critical and a vendor patch is available, though there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and SSVC indicates no observed exploitation. The CVSS 8.8 score reflects high impact across confidentiality, integrity, and availability with required user interaction (visiting a page).

The legacy GridFS API in the MongoDB C Driver fails to validate file metadata fields retrieved from the database, enabling crafted documents stored in a GridFS collection to trigger either a division-by-zero crash (denial of service) or an out-of-bounds read that exposes process memory contents to the caller. Versions in the 1.x branch before 1.30.8 and 2.x branch before 2.2.4 are affected per EUVD-2026-31132. The CVSS 4.0 score of 6.0 accurately reflects a constrained attack path requiring low-privilege database access and a pre-positioned malicious document (AT:P), with no public exploit identified at time of analysis.

Resource exhaustion in ISC BIND 9's resolver state machine allows remote unauthenticated attackers to trigger an unbounded resend loop by sending crafted DNS queries that activate bad-server retry conditions, degrading resolver availability. Multiple active release branches are affected across standard and Subscription Edition builds spanning versions 9.18.36 through 9.21.21. No public exploit has been identified and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV; however, the fully network-accessible, zero-authentication attack vector makes every exposed BIND 9 resolver a potential target.

Denial of service in ISC BIND 9 resolvers can be triggered when a SIG(0)-signed DNS message is dropped under recursive-clients pressure, creating a race that leads to a use-after-free on the discarded message buffer. Affects BIND 9.20.0-9.20.22, 9.21.0-9.21.21, and the 9.20.9-S1-9.20.22-S1 subscription branch; no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not on CISA KEV.

Remote denial of service in ISC BIND 9 named allows unauthenticated attackers to trigger assertion failures and crash the resolver by sending DNS messages with non-Internet classes (CHAOS, HESIOD) or meta-classes (ANY, NONE) through code paths involving recursion, dynamic UPDATE, NOTIFY, or IN-specific record processing in non-IN data. The flaw affects BIND 9.11.0 through 9.21.21 across both open-source and Supported Preview (S1) branches, with no public exploit identified at time of analysis. CVSS 7.5 reflects high availability impact with network-reachable, low-complexity, unauthenticated exploitation.

Use-after-free in the DNS-over-HTTPS (DoH) implementation of ISC BIND 9 (9.20.0-9.20.22, 9.21.0-9.21.21, and Subscription Edition 9.20.9-S1-9.20.22-S1) allows remote attackers to corrupt freed memory in the resolver/server process, potentially causing denial of service and possible information disclosure. The 9.18.x branch (including 9.18.11-S1 through 9.18.48-S1) is explicitly unaffected. No public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.

Amplified resource exhaustion in ISC BIND 9 resolvers enables remote unauthenticated attackers to cause disproportionate resource consumption by directing a victim resolver to query a specially crafted authoritative DNS zone. All major BIND 9 resolver branches are affected, spanning versions 9.11.x through 9.21.x including BIND 9 Supported (S1) variants, representing a broad deployment footprint across enterprise and ISP resolver infrastructure. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV; ISC has released patched versions.

Denial of service in ISC BIND 9 DNS servers configured with TKEY GSS-API authentication allows remote unauthenticated attackers to trigger excessive memory consumption by sending maliciously crafted packets. The flaw primarily impacts Active Directory-integrated DNS and Kerberos-secured DNS deployments, where service exhaustion can disrupt authentication, name resolution, and dependent enterprise services. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV, but the CVSS 7.5 score and network-reachable, unauthenticated nature warrant timely patching.

Denial of service in 389-ds-base LDAP server allows remote unauthenticated attackers to exhaust CPU and heap memory by sending a single LDAP request packed with hundreds of thousands of minimal controls. Because get_ldapmessage_controls_ext() does not cap the per-message control count, the 2 MB default BER message limit is the only ceiling, and concurrent abuse causes worker thread starvation or OOM termination. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the issue is not on CISA KEV.

Privilege escalation via chroot bypass in PluginScript allows local users to execute host binaries such as /bin/bash with root privileges when the repoManagerRoot is set to '/' (a common default or result of --root). Because chroot to the system root is a no-op, path traversal within the plugin escapes intended isolation. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the issue was reported by a SUSE researcher and is tracked in SUSE Bugzilla.

Heap use-after-free in Unbound's RPZ (Response Policy Zone) subsystem crashes the DNS resolver under a specific race condition affecting multi-threaded deployments. Versions 1.14.0 through 1.25.0 are affected when an RPZ zone with 'rpz-nsip' or 'rpz-nsdname' triggers is served via XFR (zone transfer) and a simultaneous read occurs in another thread. The crash is remotely triggerable by timing a DNS query against an in-progress XFR, but requires multiple co-occurring non-default conditions; no public exploit exists and no active exploitation has been confirmed.

Denial of service in NLnet Labs Unbound 1.25.0 and earlier allows remote unauthenticated attackers to exhaust CPU resources by querying for content from a specially crafted malicious DNS zone containing very large RRsets whose records share no suffix above the root. The name compression logic fails to increment its bounding counter in this edge-case code path, causing an unbounded CPU-locking loop until packet construction completes. This is a complement fix to CVE-2024-8508, which introduced a compression limit in 1.21.1 that did not cover this specific bypass scenario; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis.

DNS cache poisoning in NLnet Labs Unbound 1.25.0 and earlier allows an adjacent-network attacker to inject malicious resource records into the resolver's cache by exploiting insufficient validation of authority-section RRSets. By attaching forged non-NS RRSets (such as MX records) with accompanying address records in spoofed or fragmented DNS replies, an attacker can trick Unbound into caching poisoned entries when the authority RRSet carries sufficient trust as in-zone delegation data. Publicly available proof-of-concept exploit code exists (CVSS 4.0 E:P); this is a complement fix to CVE-2025-11411, meaning systems that patched the prior vulnerability but have not upgraded to 1.25.1 remain exposed.

Remote denial of service in NLnet Labs Unbound recursive DNS resolver (versions up to and including 1.25.0) allows an attacker controlling a DNSSEC-signed domain to crash the resolver process with a single crafted query. The DNSSEC validator uses an incorrect counter when computing write offsets for ADDITIONAL section rrsets while building chase-reply messages, leaving an uninitialized pointer that is later dereferenced. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the issue is fixed in Unbound 1.25.1.

Heap overflow denial-of-service in NLnet Labs Unbound recursive DNS resolver versions 1.14.0 through 1.25.0 allows remote unauthenticated attackers to crash the resolver by sending DNS queries containing multiple NSID, DNS Cookie, and/or EDNS Padding options. The flaw stems from a numeric truncation in EDNS field size calculation that lets attacker-influenced data overflow the response buffer. No public exploit identified at time of analysis and not listed in CISA KEV, but the impact is service-wide DNS outage for any user of an affected resolver.

Unbound DNS resolver up to and including version 1.25.0 exposes a denial-of-service condition in its DNSSEC validation stack, specifically in the negative cache code path used to look up DS records. An adversary who controls a DNSSEC-signed zone can craft NSEC3 records with high-but-permissible iteration counts for child delegations, causing any vulnerable Unbound instance that queries those records to perform unbounded SHA-1 hash computations while holding a global negative cache lock - blocking all other threads that need cache access. No public exploit code exists and this is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog at time of analysis, but coordinated query floods against the vulnerable code path could escalate a single-instance slowdown into a full denial of service.

Resolution performance degradation in NLnet Labs Unbound 1.25.0 and earlier allows an unauthenticated remote attacker - who also controls a malicious or slow authoritative nameserver - to subvert the jostle logic designed to evict stalled queries, ultimately causing denial of resolution service. The jostle mechanism, which activates when the num-queries-per-thread limit is reached, is bypassed because retransmitted duplicate queries reset the aging timestamp to the latest duplicate rather than preserving the original query start time, preventing aged queries from being correctly identified and replaced. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; however, the vendor has confirmed the issue and released a patch in version 1.25.1.

Unbound DNS resolver versions up to and including 1.25.0 allow remote unauthenticated attackers to degrade or deny service by sending DNS queries carrying abnormally large numbers of EDNS options, causing resolver threads to become occupied with unbounded parsing and internal data structure allocation. Coordinated multi-source attacks amplify thread exhaustion into full denial of service for legitimate DNS clients. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; vendor-released patch is available in Unbound 1.25.1, which enforces a hard cap of 100 incoming EDNS options.

Use-after-free in the DNSSEC validator of NLnet Labs Unbound resolver versions 1.19.1 through 1.25.0 allows remote attackers to crash the daemon or potentially achieve arbitrary code execution by serving a malicious signed zone to a vulnerable resolver. The flaw stems from a struct-assignment bug during deep copying of response messages when DS sub-queries suspend validation under NSEC3 computational budget exhaustion. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the CVSS 4.0 score of 9.1 with network attack vector and no required privileges or user interaction makes this a high-priority patching target for any operator running a recursive Unbound resolver.

Heap out-of-bounds read in Unbound's DNSCrypt packet handling allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to potentially crash the resolver with a single malformed query, causing denial of service. Affected are all Unbound installations from version 1.6.2 through 1.25.0 that were compiled with the optional '--enable-dnscrypt' flag. The crash is probabilistic rather than guaranteed - whether the out-of-bounds read escalates to a heap overflow depends entirely on the memory allocator behavior and heap layout at runtime; absent a crash, Unbound's own packet validation will discard the offending query. No public exploit exists and no active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis.

Timing side-channel in memcached versions prior to 1.6.42 allows remote attackers to recover SASL authentication credentials by measuring response times during password comparison. The flaw stems from the use of the non-constant-time memcmp() function within sasl_server_userdb_checkpass, enabling byte-by-byte inference of stored passwords. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the upstream fix has been published.

Observable timing discrepancy in memcached prior to version 1.6.42 enables remote attackers to enumerate valid SASL authentication usernames by measuring response time differences. The vulnerable sasl_server_userdb_checkpass function exits its credential-file loop early upon matching a valid username, producing measurable timing variance between known and unknown accounts. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.

Hostname-based ACL bypass in the rsync daemon (rsync ≤ 3.4.2) allows unauthenticated remote attackers to circumvent administrator-configured deny rules when the daemon runs with chroot enabled. By manipulating the PTR record for their source IP or engineering a reverse DNS resolution failure, an attacker causes the daemon to fall back to the default hostname 'UNKNOWN', which does not match any configured deny entry and therefore permits the connection. Confidentiality and integrity are both partially at risk; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and a vendor-released patch (v3.4.3) is available.

Information disclosure in Rsync 3.4.2 and prior allows an authenticated remote sender to leak receiver process memory through an integer overflow in the compressed-token decoder. The flaw exposes environment variables, credentials, heap and stack contents, and library pointers, weakening ASLR and enabling follow-on exploitation; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, but Rsync 3.4.3 bundles the security fix.

Symlink race condition in Rsync 3.4.2 and earlier allows local attackers with filesystem access to redirect path-based system calls (chmod, lchown, utimes, rename, unlink, mkdir, symlink, mknod, link, rmdir, lstat) to files outside the exported rsync module boundary. The flaw affects rsync daemons configured with 'use chroot = no' and was reported by VulnCheck; no public exploit identified at time of analysis. A patched release (v3.4.3) is available from the RsyncProject upstream, which adds openat2 RESOLVE_BENEATH for secure relative path resolution.

Receiver-side out-of-bounds array read in Rsync 3.4.2 and earlier allows a malicious rsync server to deterministically crash any connecting client process via a crafted synchronization session. The flaw in recv_files() causes the client to dereference an invalid pointer at an unmapped address, producing a reliable SIGSEGV. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and this CVE is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog; however, the crash is described as deterministic, meaning any attacker controlling or impersonating an rsync server can reliably deny service to clients that connect.

Heap buffer over-read in libheif versions 1.21.2 and prior allows remote attackers to crash applications or potentially leak adjacent heap memory by supplying a crafted HEIF/AVIF file with an overlay image (iovl) whose alpha channel bit depth differs from its color channels. The flaw in HeifPixelImage::overlay() uses the color channel stride to index into the alpha plane, reading up to 3,123 bytes beyond the alpha buffer for a 100×50 image with 10-bit color and 8-bit alpha. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the issue is fixed in version 1.22.0.

Heap buffer overflow in libheif versions 1.21.2 and below allows remote attackers to corrupt memory via a maliciously crafted HEIF file containing a mask image (mski) box. The flaw resides in MaskImageCodec::decode_mask_image(), where an attacker-controlled iloc extent length is memcpy'd into an undersized pixel buffer with no upper-bound validation, yielding heap corruption when a user opens the file. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the vulnerability is straightforward to trigger because the vulnerable branch is reachable under default library security limits.

Heap memory disclosure in strukturag libheif versions 1.21.2 and prior exposes up to 12,288+ bytes of uninitialized heap content - potentially containing auth tokens, database results, or other users' image data - when decoding crafted HEIF or AVIF grid images under the library's default settings. The decode path silently suppresses tile failures while returning heif_error_Ok, so calling applications receive heap garbage as valid pixel values with no error indication. Server-side image pipelines that ingest user-uploaded HEIF/AVIF and re-encode the output (e.g., as PNG or JPEG thumbnails for CDNs or social platforms) are at highest cross-user exposure risk; no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV.

Heap buffer overflow write in libheif (versions ≤ 1.21.2) lets a crafted HEIF/AVIF file write 64 bytes of attacker-controlled data past a chroma-plane heap allocation during grid tile compositing. Any application using libheif to decode untrusted images - image viewers, file managers, browsers, mobile OS thumbnailers - is exposed, with CVSS 8.8 reflecting likely code execution after user-triggered file open. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the deterministic 64-byte fully-controlled overflow is highly favorable for exploitation.

Infinite CPU loop denial-of-service in libheif 1.21.2 and below allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to permanently exhaust a victim application's CPU by delivering a crafted 800-byte HEIF sequence file. The vulnerability triggers during file parsing in Box_stts::get_sample_duration() before any image decoding occurs, meaning any application that opens user-supplied HEIF files is exposed at the moment of file open. No KEV listing and no public exploit have been identified at time of analysis, but the low attack complexity and high availability impact make this a meaningful risk for deployments that process untrusted HEIF content. Vendor-released patch version 1.22.0 resolves the issue.

Denial of service in libheif versions 1.21.2 and below allows a remote attacker to crash any application linked against the library by supplying a crafted HEIF sequence file. The crash is deterministic - the malformed file passes parsing without error, then triggers a guaranteed SEGV on the first frame access due to an unsigned integer underflow that maps all media samples to an empty chunk. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and this is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog; vendor-released patch is available in version 1.22.0.

Authorization bypass in LIVE555 RTSP server (versions before 2026.04.22) allows remote unauthenticated attackers to hijack active streaming sessions by replaying valid Session tokens over a separate TCP connection. By issuing PLAY or TEARDOWN commands with a captured token, attackers can crash the server via virtual function call errors or terminate legitimate viewers' streams. Publicly available exploit code exists, and a vendor patch has been released; no public exploit identified as actively exploited in CISA KEV at time of analysis.

Resource exhaustion in the Python idna library's idna.encode() function allows denial-of-service via specially crafted Unicode inputs that bypass the incomplete CVE-2024-3651 remediation. Affected versions process CONTEXTO-class codepoints - such as Arabic-Indic digit zero (U+0660) or Katakana middle dot (U+30FB) - through the valid_contexto validation function before length rejection occurs, enabling arbitrarily large inputs to consume significant CPU. Any Python application that passes unvalidated user input to idna.encode() or related per-label/codec functions without upstream length enforcement is exposed; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis beyond the PoC payloads embedded in the advisory itself.

Firefox for iOS Reader mode exposed an unauthenticated local HTTP server on the device, enabling a co-installed malicious application to request arbitrary URLs through that server and receive responses rendered with the authenticated user's session cookies. Affected versions are all Firefox for iOS releases prior to 151.0, confirmed by Mozilla Security Advisory MFSA2026-49. No public exploit code has been identified and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none at time of analysis, but successful exploitation would allow silent exfiltration of authenticated web content from the victim's active browsing session.

Heap buffer overflow in F5 NGINX JavaScript (njs) module versions 0.9.4 through 0.9.8 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to crash NGINX worker processes, with potential remote code execution on hosts where ASLR is disabled. Exploitation requires the deployment to use the js_fetch_proxy directive with at least one client-controlled NGINX variable (such as $http_*, $arg_*, or $cookie_*) and a location that invokes ngx.fetch(). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but a vendor patch is available and the CVSS 4.0 base score of 9.2 reflects the high impact across confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Privilege escalation in Mozilla Firefox's WebRTC Audio/Video component allows remote attackers to elevate privileges within the browser context when a user is lured into interacting with a malicious page. The flaw carries a CVSS 8.8 with required user interaction and was addressed in Firefox 151; no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS exploitation probability sits at 0.03% (8th percentile).

Same-origin policy bypass in the Networking: JAR component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 151.

Privilege escalation in Mozilla Firefox's Security component allows remote attackers to elevate privileges within the browser when a victim interacts with attacker-controlled content, affecting Firefox versions prior to 151 and Firefox ESR prior to 140.11. With CVSS 8.8 (high) and user interaction required, exploitation is plausible via malicious web content, though EPSS sits at just 0.04% (12th percentile) and no public exploit identified at time of analysis. SSVC rates exploitation as 'none' but flags the issue as automatable with partial technical impact, suggesting concerning scalability if a working exploit emerges.

Mitigation bypass in the DOM: Security component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 151.

Denial-of-service due to invalid pointer in the Audio/Video: Web Codecs component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 151 and Firefox ESR 140.11.

Information disclosure in Mozilla Firefox's WebGPU graphics component allows remote attackers to access sensitive in-memory data from browser sessions via crafted web content rendered through the WebGPU API. The flaw affects Firefox versions prior to 151 and has been addressed by Mozilla in advisories MFSA2026-46 and MFSA2026-50. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS scoring (0.02%, 4th percentile) indicates very low likelihood of near-term mass exploitation.

Information disclosure in Mozilla Firefox versions prior to 151 affects the IP Protection component, allowing remote unauthenticated attackers to obtain sensitive information over the network without user interaction. The flaw carries a CVSS score of 7.5 driven entirely by confidentiality impact (C:H/I:N/A:N), and while no public exploit is identified at time of analysis, the very low EPSS score of 0.02% (4th percentile) suggests minimal active exploitation interest. Mozilla addressed the issue in Firefox 151 via security advisories MFSA2026-46 and MFSA2026-50.

Information disclosure in Mozilla Firefox prior to version 151 allows remote attackers to leak sensitive data through a flaw in the DOM: Security component, exploitable without authentication or user interaction. The CVSS 7.5 rating reflects high confidentiality impact via network vector, though EPSS scoring at 0.02% (4th percentile) indicates very low predicted exploitation probability and no public exploit identified at time of analysis.

Spoofing issue in the Popup Blocker component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 151.