Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessObtain low-privileged Grav authoring account
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DeliveryInject Twig payload into Flex Objects title frontmatter
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ExploitPublish publicly reachable page
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Executiontemplate_from_string() evaluates payload, bypassing cleanDangerousTwig
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PersistReach internal scheduler service
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ImpactExecute OS commands as web user
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Code injection prevention, sandbox exec
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Execution, Initial Access The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires the attacker to control the dynamic title frontmatter of a Flex Objects page - specifically the page.header.flex.collection.title or page.header.flex.object.title values - on a Grav install running the bundled Flex Objects plugin before version 1.4.0, and the affected page must be publicly reachable so the title is rendered. The limiting factor is that setting this frontmatter requires low-privileged authenticated access to page authoring/editing (CVSS PR:L), so purely anonymous unauthenticated exploitation is not indicated by the data; there is no user-interaction requirement (UI:N) once the payload is planted, and no non-default feature toggle is described - dynamic titles are a normal Flex Objects capability. Exploitation is further bounded to deployments still on a vulnerable pre-1.4.0 plugin build. |
| Impact | The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N with VC:H/VI:H/VA:H) describes a network-reachable, low-complexity attack that requires low privileges, no user interaction, and yields high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the vulnerable system, with no scope change (SC:N) - consistent with authenticated RCE on the Grav host. The PR:L requirement is the key limiter: the attacker must already be able to author or edit the title frontmatter of a Flex Objects page, i.e. hold a content-editor-level account or otherwise control page frontmatter, which meaningfully narrows the population of real attackers versus a pre-auth flaw. No EPSS score was provided in the input, so exploitation probability cannot be quantified here; the CVE is not in CISA KEV and no proof-of-concept is referenced, so there is no evidence of active or public exploitation. Net assessment: a genuinely serious authenticated-RCE priority for any Grav deployment that grants page-authoring rights to semi-trusted or numerous users, but the low-privilege prerequisite makes indiscriminate mass exploitation less likely than the high base score alone might suggest. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | A user with content-authoring access to a Grav site edits or creates a publicly reachable Flex Objects page and sets its dynamic title frontmatter (e.g. page.header.flex.object.title) to a malicious Twig payload. When any visitor loads the page, Grav compiles the title through template_from_string(), executing the attacker's Twig, which reaches internal services such as the scheduler to run operating-system commands as the web application user. No public proof-of-concept is referenced in the available data, and the network/low-complexity vector means the payload triggers reliably on normal page rendering once planted. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Jul 15, 2026
Stored server-side template injection in Grav's bundled Flex Objects plugin (getgrav/grav-plugin-flex-objects) before 1.4.0 lets a low-privileged content author inject Twig code through the dynamic collection/object title frontmatter, which is passed unsanitized to template_from_string() and executed. Because the title path bypasses Grav's Security::cleanDangerousTwig() filter, an attacker can reach internal Grav services such as the scheduler and escalate arbitrary Twig evaluation to full remote command execution. Reported by VulnCheck with a CVSS 4.0 base score of 8.7 (High); no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: upgrade the Grav Flex Objects plugin to version 1.4.0 or later, which is the primary and recommended fix; apply it via the Grav plugin manager (bin/gpm update flex-objects) or by updating the bundled plugin in your Grav install, and review the advisory at https://github.com/getgrav/grav/security/advisories/GHSA-623v-m3c4-3pw8. Where immediate patching is not possible, reduce exposure by restricting which accounts can create or edit Flex Objects page frontmatter - remove page-authoring/admin rights from semi-trusted users so no attacker can set the collection or object title fields (trade-off: constrains legitimate editorial workflows) - and audit existing Flex Objects pages for suspicious title frontmatter containing Twig syntax ({{, {%, template_from_string). Additionally, run the Grav process under a least-privileged OS account and restrict or disable access to the internal scheduler service to blunt the RCE escalation path, accepting that disabling the scheduler will stop scheduled Grav tasks from running. See VulnCheck's advisory at https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/grav-flex-objects-server-side-template-injection-via-dynamic-titles for details.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
Grav is a PHP flat-file CMS that uses the Twig templating engine for page rendering. The Flex Objects plugin supports dynamic collection and object titles defined in a page's frontmatter (page.header.flex.collection.title / page.header.flex.object.title). Rather than emitting these values as literal text, the plugin feeds them into Twig's template_from_string() function, which compiles and evaluates the supplied string as a live Twig template - the classic root cause of CWE-94 (Improper Control of Generation of Code / code injection) when the string is attacker-controlled. Grav normally defends against template abuse with Security::cleanDangerousTwig(), which strips dangerous Twig constructs from user content, but this title-rendering code path is invoked outside that sanitization boundary, so the filter never runs. The affected component is Grav itself as shipped with the bundled plugin; the CPE cpe:2.3:a:getgrav:grav:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* identifies the Grav application as the vulnerable product family.
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- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Network-reachable stored injection needing only a low-privileged authoring account (PR:L) and no user interaction, yielding full RCE with high C/I/A; scope unchanged as code runs within the Grav app context.
Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
The bundled Grav Flex Objects plugin (getgrav/grav-plugin-flex-objects) before 1.4.0 contains a stored server-side template injection vulnerability. When rendering dynamic collection or object titles, the plugin passes user-controlled frontmatter values (page.header.flex.collection.title or page.header.flex.object.title) to Twig's template_from_string(), causing them to be evaluated as Twig code rather than treated as text. This path bypasses Grav's Security::cleanDangerousTwig() sanitization. An attacker who can control the title frontmatter of a publicly reachable Flex Objects page can achieve arbitrary Twig execution and escalate to remote command execution via access to internal Grav services such as the scheduler.
Executive ViewAI
Grav's Flex Objects plugin contains a stored template injection vulnerability affecting versions before 1.4.0 that allows low-privileged content authors to execute arbitrary code on affected web servers. Organizations using this plugin risk unauthorized server compromise, data exfiltration, and operational disruption. Immediate action is required to limit exposure and deploy fixes.
Until vendor patch is available: restrict Flex Objects plugin access to trusted administrators only, implement template execution monitoring and logging, deploy web application firewall rules to detect and block Twig injection patterns in dynamic collection/object titles, and consider disabling the plugin entirely on systems where functionality is not required. Maintain strict access controls over content author roles with regular permission audits.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Code injection occurs when an application accepts user input and passes it directly into a language interpreter or evaluator without proper sanitization.
Remote Code Execution represents the critical moment when an attacker successfully runs arbitrary code on a target system without physical access.
Server-side template injection (SSTI) in Grav (getgrav/grav) prior to 1.8.0-beta.27 allows an authenticated attacker hol
Broken access control in Grav CMS (CWE-285) before 1.8.0-beta.27 lets an authenticated editor-level user escalate their
A Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in Grav CMS v1.7.48 allows an authenticated admin to upload a malicious plug
Grav is a file-based Web platform. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low a
GravCMS 1.10.7 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to write arbitrary YAML configuration files, leading to full serv
Remote code execution in Grav CMS 2.0.4 (fixed in 2.0.7) lets an authenticated user holding the admin.pages or api.pages
Remote code execution in Grav CMS before 2.0.15 allows attackers holding page-edit or blueprint-config privileges to wri
Vertical privilege escalation in Grav CMS before 2.0.14 lets a delegated administrator holding only the admin.users perm
Stored cross-site scripting in Grav CMS before 2.0.15 lets authenticated editors smuggle JavaScript event handlers past
Server-side request forgery (SSRF) in Grav CMS versions prior to 1.7.49.5 allows remote authenticated attackers to make
Grav is a file-based Web platform. Prior to 1.8.0-beta.27, Grav CMS is vulnerable to a Server-Side Template Injection (S
Remote code execution in Grav CMS before 2.0.13 allows authenticated low-privilege users to plant and execute arbitrary
EUVD-2026-44633
GHSA-mpq7-q5x9-rf83
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
Exploit-DB