Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessReach Firebox SIP proxy over network
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DeliverySend crafted SIP request through SIP-proxy policy
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ExploitOverflow stack buffer in SIP parser
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ExecutionExecute arbitrary code on appliance
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ImpactCompromise network perimeter device
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Buffer copy size validation
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires that the Firebox configuration include a policy that uses the SIP proxy (SIP Application Layer Gateway); the crafted request must be routed through that SIP-proxy policy. This deployment condition is reflected by AT:P in the CVSS 4.0 vector. Where no policy uses the SIP proxy, the vulnerable parsing path is not reached, which meaningfully limits exposure to appliances actually running SIP ALG inspection. Within PR:N/UI:N, no authentication or user interaction is needed once such a policy is present. The precise trigger (which SIP field or structure overflows the buffer) is not described in the available sources. |
| Impact | This is a genuine high-priority issue, not a high-CVSS-but-low-risk inflation. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) describes a network-reachable, low-complexity, unauthenticated flaw with full high impact to confidentiality, integrity and availability (VC:H/VI:H/VA:H), consistent with the stack-based buffer overflow (CWE-120) yielding arbitrary code execution described by the vendor. The one tempering signal in the raw vector is AT:P (an attack requirement is present), which aligns with the description's condition that traffic must traverse a policy using the SIP proxy - exploitation is not against an arbitrary default surface but against a specific, in-use feature. The vuln.today decision label is act_now, and a vendor patch already exists, which together argue for prompt remediation. Signals that are MISSING: no EPSS exploitation-probability score was provided, so widespread-exploitation likelihood cannot be quantified; there is no CISA KEV listing in the input (status = not exploited per available data); and no SSVC automatable/technical-impact breakdown beyond the act_now label. No public exploit or PoC reference appears in the input. Net: treat as urgent on a network security appliance, with the caveat that active-exploitation and EPSS evidence are absent rather than confirming low risk. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | A remote, unauthenticated attacker sends a specially crafted SIP request to a WatchGuard Firebox whose configuration includes a policy that uses the SIP proxy (ALG). The malformed request overflows a stack buffer in the SIP proxy's parsing path, allowing the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the firewall appliance. No public exploit code or PoC reference is identified in the available data. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 28, 2026
Remote code execution in WatchGuard Fireware OS can be triggered by a crafted SIP request when the Firebox configuration includes a policy that uses the SIP proxy, causing a stack-based buffer overflow before authentication. EUVD lists Fireware OS 12.0 before 12.12.4, 2025.1 before 2026.4, and 12.0 before 12.5.22 as affected; the flaw is rated CVSS 9.2, and CVSS 4.0 AT:P reflects that a SIP-proxy policy must be present. No public exploit was identified at time of analysis.
RemediationAI
Patch status is 'available from vendor'; the provided patch record does not name an exact build, so confirm the fixed release on the WatchGuard PSIRT advisory at https://psirt.watchguard.com/CVE-2026-93857 before upgrading. EUVD lists the affected ranges as Fireware OS 12.0 before 12.12.4, 2025.1 before 2026.4, and 12.0 before 12.5.22, naming those thresholds, but because the two 12.0 ranges overlap the source does not establish which build clears both; use the vendor advisory as authoritative for the exact fixed build mapping. If an immediate upgrade is not possible, remove or disable policies that use the SIP proxy, or restrict SIP traffic on such policies to trusted sources, because exploitation requires a SIP-proxy policy; the trade-off is loss of SIP ALG/NAT-traversal and SIP inspection functionality for VoIP traffic.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
Fireware OS is the operating system for WatchGuard Firebox appliances, and the SIP proxy is a SIP application-layer gateway (ALG) that parses and rewrites SIP signaling, commonly for NAT traversal. CWE-120 describes the root-cause class as a buffer copy without checking the size of the input, resulting in a stack-based overflow. The supplied CPE is cpe:2.3:a:watchguard:fireware_os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* with no version restriction, so the OS family is the affected component; the precise SIP field or message structure that triggers the overflow is not described in the available sources. The CVSS 4.0 AT:P metric and the independent assessment agree that the vulnerable path is reached only when a Firebox policy uses the SIP proxy; once that condition is met, the assessed CVSS 3.1 vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H means no authentication or user interaction is required.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Remote unauthenticated code execution with no user interaction (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) and full host impact; the SIP-proxy-policy requirement is a deployment precondition that 3.1 cannot express separately.
Primary rating from Vendor (WatchGuard).
CVSS VectorVendor: WatchGuard
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Fireware OS's SIP proxy allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code by sending a specially crafted request through a policy that uses the SIP proxy.
Executive ViewAI
A critical pre-authentication remote code execution vulnerability in WatchGuard Fireware OS, affecting organizations using the SIP proxy. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to execute arbitrary code on the firewall, potentially leading to full network compromise. Leadership should prioritize immediate patching and review of SIP proxy configurations.
Apply vendor patch.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.
Remote Code Execution represents the critical moment when an attacker successfully runs arbitrary code on a target system without physical access.
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