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Apple macOS EUVDEUVD-2026-104741

| CVE-2026-86981 MEDIUM
Out-of-bounds Write (CWE-787)
2026-10-20 apple GHSA-w558-29wr-g4fh
5.5
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: apple
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Gain local app execution on macOS
  2. Delivery
    Invoke vulnerable code path with crafted input
  3. Exploit
    Trigger out-of-bounds write (CWE-787)
  4. Execution
    Corrupt memory beyond bounds
  5. Impact
    Cause unexpected system termination (DoS)

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Bounds checking, write limits
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Execution, Privilege Escalation

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the attacker to already be able to run an application (local code execution) on an affected macOS host - specifically macOS Sequoia before 15.8 or macOS Tahoe before 26.7 - per the CVSS AV:L/PR:L metrics and the description 'An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination.' No remote vector and no network exposure exist. Limiting factors: the attacker needs local, low-privileged execution rather than remote access; the only achievable impact is denial of service (system termination), with no confidentiality or integrity effect (C:N/I:N); and systems patched to 15.8 or 26.7 are not affected.

Impact

This is a moderate-severity, availability-only flaw that signals should be read as a genuine low priority rather than an urgent one. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H, base 5.5) describes a local attacker who already has the ability to run code/an app on the host and can only cause unexpected system termination - no confidentiality or integrity impact. All exploitation signals point the same direction: SSVC records Exploitation=none, Automatable=no, Technical Impact=partial, and the input provides no EPSS score, no CISA KEV listing, and no evidence of public exploit code. There is no conflict between signals here - the CVSS low-impact profile, the SSVC 'none/no/partial' triad, and the absence of KEV/POC all agree this is a non-prioritized DoS-class bug. The main caveat is missing data rather than conflicting data: EPSS is not supplied, so probability-of-exploitation cannot be quantified, and the 'app' in the description implies the attacker must already have local code execution, which the PR:L metric supports. Patch exists, so remediation is straightforward and risk is best treated as routine patch-cycle rather than emergency.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A local user runs a malicious or malformed application on a macOS host; the app triggers an out-of-bounds write (CWE-787) in an affected system component, corrupting memory and forcing an unexpected system termination (kernel panic or crash). Because the CVSS vector is local (AV:L) with low privileges (PR:L) and no user interaction, exploitation requires the attacker to already be able to execute an app on the machine, and the only observed outcome is denial of service - no public exploit code is identified at time of analysis.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 20, 2026

Local applications on unpatched Apple macOS can trigger an out-of-bounds write that terminates the system, producing a denial-of-service condition with no confidentiality or integrity impact (CVSS 5.5). The flaw affects macOS Sequoia before 15.8 and macOS Tahoe before 26.7; exploitation requires a local, low-privileged attacker who can run an app on the host (AV:L/PR:L) and does not require user interaction. Apple has released fixes in macOS Sequoia 15.8 and macOS Tahoe 26.7, and no public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis.

RemediationAI

Apply the vendor-released fixes by upgrading to macOS Sequoia 15.8 or macOS Tahoe 26.7, as documented in Apple advisories https://support.apple.com/en-us/149042 and https://support.apple.com/en-us/149043. Because the issue requires local, low-privileged code execution to trigger, compensating controls should focus on reducing the ability to run untrusted applications on sensitive macOS hosts: enforce application allowlisting or Gatekeeper policy restrictions, limit standard-user installation privileges, and monitor for unexpected system terminations that could indicate a local denial-of-service attempt. These controls lower exposure but do not remediate the underlying out-of-bounds write, and application allowlisting can create operational friction for users who legitimately need to run varied software.

Affected VersionsENISA

macOS 0 <15.8
macOS 0 <26.7

Affected Packages

euvd macos fix: 15.8, 26.7

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

CVE-2026-86981 is an out-of-bounds write (CWE-787), a memory-safety defect in which insufficient bounds validation allows a write beyond the intended buffer boundary. In the macOS context, such corruption can destabilize the affected system component and result in an unexpected system termination. The CVSS vector AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H confirms the attack surface is local and low-privileged, with no user interaction and availability-only impact; confidentiality and integrity are unaffected. Apple addressed the root cause with improved bounds checking. The CPE entry cpe:2.3:a:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* identifies Apple macOS as the affected product family, and the patched releases are macOS Sequoia 15.8 and macOS Tahoe 26.7. CISA SSVC records exploitation as none and automatable as no, consistent with the absence of observed exploitation.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (apple) PRIMARY 5.5 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
vuln.today AI 5.5 MEDIUM

A locally running app triggers the flaw (AV:L, PR:L), needs no user interaction, and only crashes the system, so C:N/I:N and A:H.

3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (apple).

CVSS VectorVendor: apple

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

4
CVSS changed
Oct 20, 2026 - 11:22 NVD
5.5 (None) 5.5 (MEDIUM)
Patch available
Oct 20, 2026 - 02:01 EUVD
CVE Published
Oct 20, 2026 - 00:50 cve.org
UNKNOWN (no severity yet)
CVE Published
Oct 20, 2026 - 00:50 cve.org
MEDIUM 5.5

DescriptionCVE.org

An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.8, macOS Tahoe 26.7. An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.1%
Top 97% exploitable
Prevalence
High
Apple macOS is a widely deployed enterprise and consumer desktop OS
Social Media
1
Sightings
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.1%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
High
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

28
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +28
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

Memory corruption occurs when a program writes data beyond the boundaries of allocated memory regions or accesses memory in unintended ways, violating the integrity of the process's address space.

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