EUVD-2025-210783
GHSA-q57q-64xf-mphf
Severity by source
AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N
Adjacent-network vector confirmed by MITM class; no attacker authentication required; high confidentiality loss from session interception; limited integrity impact only.
Primary rating from Vendor (mitre).
CVSS VectorVendor: mitre
Lifecycle Timeline
4DescriptionCVE.org
CTFd v3.7.6 was discovered to be vulnerable to a man-in-the-middle attack.
AnalysisAI
Man-in-the-middle interception in CTFd v3.7.6, a widely-used Capture The Flag competition platform, exposes high-confidentiality data to adjacent-network attackers with no authentication required. Rooted in CWE-300 (Channel Accessible by Non-Endpoint), the flaw allows an attacker sharing the same network segment to intercept communications, capturing sensitive data such as session tokens or credentials, with limited integrity modification also possible. No active exploitation is confirmed - EPSS sits at 0.15% (4th percentile) and no CISA KEV listing exists - but the attack surface is acutely relevant in live CTF event environments where competitors and organizers routinely share the same LAN or Wi-Fi.
Technical ContextAI
CTFd is an open-source web-based platform for hosting Capture The Flag cybersecurity competitions, maintained at github.com/CTFd/CTFd. CWE-300 (Channel Accessible by Non-Endpoint) identifies that the communication channel between clients and the CTFd server can be intercepted by a non-endpoint party - indicating either absent or improperly enforced transport encryption (TLS), or a scenario where sensitive data traverses an unprotected channel. The CVSS vector AV:A confirms that exploitation is constrained to the adjacent network (same LAN, WLAN, or broadcast domain), consistent with layer-2 MITM techniques such as ARP spoofing. A reference to the QingdaoU/OnlineJudge repository appears in the disclosure references, suggesting a possible shared codebase or dependency relationship, though this connection is not confirmed. CPE data in the NVD record is listed as 'n/a:n/a:*', meaning formal product enumeration has not been completed for this entry.
RemediationAI
No patched version of CTFd has been identified from the available references at the time of analysis; the vendor's GitHub repository (https://github.com/CTFd/CTFd) and official site (http://ctfd.com) should be monitored for a security release addressing CVE-2025-29419. As an immediate compensating control, operators should enforce HTTPS-only access by placing CTFd behind a TLS-terminating reverse proxy (e.g., nginx, Caddy, or Traefik) configured with a valid certificate authority-signed certificate and HTTP-to-HTTPS redirection - this eliminates the primary interception surface with minimal operational impact. Network isolation is a second control: restrict CTFd to a dedicated VLAN or network segment that separates the server from untrusted participant traffic, raising the bar for layer-2 MITM attacks; this is especially important during live competition events. HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS) headers should also be configured to prevent protocol downgrade. These controls mitigate exploitation risk but do not resolve the root-cause vulnerability in the application itself.
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Same weakness CWE-300 – Channel Accessible by Non-Endpoint
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External POC / Exploit Code
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