Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessObtain write-scoped gateway credentials
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DeliverySend crafted chat.send request with /verbose parameter
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ExploitTrigger unguarded session mutation in directive-handling.impl.ts
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ExecutionPersist admin-only verboseLevel override to session state
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ImpactRetrieve verbose reasoning and tool output on subsequent runs
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Authorization logic validation
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Privilege Escalation The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires possession of a valid write-scoped (operator.write) gateway credential for the target OpenClaw instance. The attacker must have network access to the chat.send endpoint. The /verbose parameter must be reachable via the chat.send path, which is the default behavior in all unpatched versions. Exploitation is limited by the requirement for pre-authenticated write-scope access - unauthenticated external attackers cannot exploit this directly. The impact is further bounded to information disclosure of verbose reasoning or tool output and session state persistence, with no direct availability impact. Deployments that do not issue write-scoped gateway credentials to lower-trust principals, or that run OpenClaw >= 2026.3.28, are not affected. |
| Impact | The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N) scores 5.3 Medium, reflecting low-complexity network exploitation requiring only write-scoped credentials, with limited confidentiality and integrity impact. This is broadly consistent with the real-world risk picture: EPSS is 0.05% at the 14th percentile, SSVC assigns exploitation=none, automatable=no, and technical impact=partial. The combination of no KEV listing, no known public exploit, and the requirement for pre-existing write-scoped gateway authentication makes this a low-urgency but legitimate authorization control failure. The primary real-world harm is information disclosure - an operator with write scope could expose verbose reasoning or tool output that administrators intended to restrict - rather than full system compromise. No conflicts between signals are present; all sources consistently characterize this as a medium-severity, low-exploitation-probability flaw. The SSVC automatable=no finding is consistent with the PR:L requirement ruling out unauthenticated mass exploitation. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An operator with a write-scoped gateway credential - a lower-privilege role legitimately issued for automated chat interactions - crafts a chat.send request that includes the /verbose parameter. This causes OpenClaw to persist a verboseLevel session override that would normally require administrator access via sessions.patch, enabling the caller to subsequently receive verbose output containing sensitive reasoning traces or tool invocation details that the deploying organization intended to restrict to administrators. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Jul 24, 2026
Privilege escalation in OpenClaw's chat.send gateway endpoint allows write-scoped API callers to bypass authorization controls and persist admin-only verboseLevel session overrides via the /verbose parameter. All OpenClaw npm package versions up to and including 2026.3.24 are affected; the vendor-released fix is version 2026.3.28. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA SSVC assessment confirms no active exploitation with only partial technical impact, aligning with an EPSS score in the 14th percentile.
RemediationAI
Upgrade OpenClaw to version 2026.3.28 or later, which contains the fix introduced by commit c603123528 (fix(gateway): require admin for persisted verbose defaults). The patched release enforces admin-only authorization on the verboseLevel session persistence path regardless of which API endpoint triggers it. This is the primary and recommended remediation. If an immediate upgrade is not feasible, operators should restrict gateway write-scope credential issuance to trusted, admin-equivalent principals only, accepting the trade-off that this reduces the utility of the write-scope role. Alternatively, network-level controls that restrict access to the chat.send endpoint to known, trusted clients can reduce exposure, though they do not eliminate the authorization flaw. The vendor advisory and fix details are at https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-5h2w-qmfp-ggp6 and the specific fix commit is at https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/c6031235288a8d3bdf2243bd974340d8c8045bc2.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in npm
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
OpenClaw is an npm-distributed AI gateway framework. The vulnerability resides in two source files: src/auto-reply/reply/directive-handling.impl.ts and src/gateway/sessions-patch.ts. The chat.send endpoint accepted the /verbose parameter and propagated it as a persisted session mutation - the same mutation that is correctly gated to administrators when accessed via the sessions.patch API path. CWE-863 (Incorrect Authorization) identifies the root cause: the application performs an authorization check, but it does so inconsistently across two code paths that share the same privileged operation. Write-scoped gateway callers (operator.write permission) are a lower-privilege role than administrators, yet the chat.send path never enforced the admin-only requirement before writing verboseLevel to session state. The CPE string cpe:2.3:a:openclaw:openclaw:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* covers all platform variants of the package.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Write-scoped gateway authentication required sets PR:L; network-accessible endpoint is AV:N; limited confidentiality and integrity impact from verbose output exposure and session override persistence with no scope change.
Primary rating from NVD.
CVSS VectorNVD
Lifecycle Timeline
4DescriptionCVE.org
OpenClaw before 2026.3.28 contains a privilege escalation vulnerability in the chat.send endpoint that allows write-scoped gateway callers to persist admin-only verboseLevel session overrides. Attackers can exploit the /verbose parameter to bypass access controls and expose sensitive reasoning or tool output intended to be restricted to administrators.
Blast Radius
ecosystem impact- 3 npm packages depend on openclaw (3 direct, 0 indirect)
Ecosystem-wide dependent count for version 2026.3.28.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.
Privilege escalation occurs when an attacker leverages flaws in access control mechanisms to gain permissions beyond what they were originally granted.
Auth bypass in OpenClaw voice-call extension before 2026.2.1. EPSS 0.68%. PoC and patch available.
Privilege escalation in OpenClaw (pre-2026.3.28) allows unauthenticated remote attackers to gain administrative access b
OpenClaw versions 2026.2.22 through 2026.2.24 contain a privilege escalation vulnerability that allows authenticated att
An authorization mismatch vulnerability in OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.3.1 allows authenticated users with operator.
OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.1.29 automatically establish WebSocket connections to attacker-controlled gateway URLs e
Path traversal in OpenClaw through version 2026.3.23 enables unauthenticated remote attackers to read arbitrary files in
Authentication bypass in OpenClaw before 2026.5.3 allows remote attackers with low privileges to receive agent responses
Directory-context bypass in OpenClaw before 2026.8.1 allows authenticated attackers with user interaction to reuse an 'a
Unauthenticated access to the noVNC observer interface in OpenClaw's Docker sandbox browser allows anyone who can reach
OpenClaw versions before 2026.2.26 allow authenticated attackers to write arbitrary files outside the workspace director
OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.22 contain a shell environment variable injection vulnerability in the system.run func
OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.22 contain a resource exhaustion vulnerability where the application fails to consiste
EUVD-2026-25328
GHSA-v3c2-39fm-jq4h
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
Exploit-DB