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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Obtain high-privilege local system access
  2. Exploit
    Satisfy specific bootloader firmware attack preconditions
  3. Execution
    Trigger out-of-bounds write in firmware
  4. Impact
    Cause system availability disruption

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Bounds checking, write limits
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Execution, Privilege Escalation

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires all of the following simultaneously: (1) local access to the target system - the CVSS 4.0 AV:L metric confirms no remote exploitation path exists; (2) a high-privilege user account (PR:H per CVSS 4.0), meaning standard unprivileged or low-privileged user accounts cannot trigger the vulnerability; (3) specific attack requirements (AT:P) must be satisfied - the precise firmware state, configuration, or trigger input needed is not detailed in available descriptions beyond the AT:P designation, which confirms these conditions differ from a generic default-state attack. The impact is bounded exclusively to denial of service (VA:L); no confidentiality or integrity exploitation is possible per VC:N/VI:N. Remote, unauthenticated, and low-privilege exploitation are all ruled out by the confirmed CVSS 4.0 metrics.

Impact

The aggregate risk profile for this vulnerability is minimal across all available signal categories. The CVSS 4.0 score of 1.8 is internally consistent and appropriate: local-only attack vector, high-privilege prerequisite, specific attack requirements (AT:P), and an impact ceiling of low availability denial of service with no confidentiality or integrity exposure whatsoever. EPSS data was not provided in the available intelligence, but given the narrow local-access-plus-high-privilege attack surface and the absence of any public exploit code, real-world exploitation probability is expected to be very low - even a mid-sized municipal IT team in malbork managing Intel-based embedded infrastructure should treat this as a routine firmware maintenance item rather than an emergency response. The vulnerability is absent from the CISA KEV catalog, and no POC code has been identified. Under the SSVC decision framework, this would classify as 'Defer' given no active exploitation evidence, no feasibility of automated mass exploitation (local + PR:H constraints prevent it), and limited technical impact. The primary realistic threat is a privileged insider or a post-compromise attacker with elevated credentials deliberately crashing an embedded system for disruptive purposes.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A threat actor who has already obtained a high-privilege account on a system running vulnerable Intel Slim Bootloader firmware - through credential theft, insider abuse, or prior host compromise - satisfies the specific firmware attack preconditions and triggers the out-of-bounds write, causing the target system to become unavailable. No public exploit code has been identified, making opportunistic or automated exploitation implausible. This scenario is realistically limited to targeted insider threats or post-compromise situations where system disruption is a deliberate objective.

Monitor Track and reassess. Why: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9).
No patch listed yet 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Aug 11, 2026

Out-of-bounds write (CWE-787) in Intel Slim Bootloader firmware enables a denial of service condition on the local system. Exploitation requires a privileged local account and the presence of specific attack preconditions (AT:P per CVSS 4.0), and impact is confined to low availability on the vulnerable system with no confidentiality or integrity consequences. Intel disclosed this issue through advisory INTEL-SA-01475 with a CVSS 4.0 base score of 1.8; no public exploit code exists and no CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.

RemediationAI

Apply the firmware update provided by Intel through advisory INTEL-SA-01475 at https://intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01475.html; the exact patched build number is not independently confirmed from available intelligence and must be obtained directly from the advisory. As a compensating control where firmware update deployment is operationally constrained - for example, in production embedded systems requiring scheduled maintenance windows - restricting physical and privileged OS-level access to affected devices substantially limits the exploitable attack surface, since exploitation requires both local access and a high-privilege account (PR:H). No network-based workarounds are necessary given the strictly local attack vector. Firmware updates in embedded environments typically require downtime and should be validated in a staging environment before production deployment; the trade-off of compensating controls is that the underlying memory corruption defect remains present until the firmware is patched.

Affected VersionsENISA

Intel(R) Slim Bootloader may allow a denial of service. System software adversary with a privileged user combined with a low complexity attack may enable denial of service. This result may potentially occur via local access when attack requirements are present without special internal knowledge and requires no user interaction. The potential vulnerability may impact the confidentiality (none), integrity (none) and availability (low) of the vulnerable system, resulting in subsequent system confidentiality (none), integrity (none) and availability (none) impacts. See references

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Technical ContextAI · show details

Intel Slim Bootloader is an open-source, modular firmware bootloader developed by Intel, primarily targeting IoT and embedded computing platforms as a lightweight alternative to full UEFI implementations. CWE-787 (Out-of-Bounds Write) describes a memory safety defect in which firmware code writes data past the intended buffer boundary, potentially corrupting adjacent memory structures. In a bootloader context, such corruption during initialization or runtime phases can disrupt the boot sequencing process and render the system temporarily or persistently unavailable. The CVSS 4.0 vector confirms local-only attack vector (AV:L), high-privilege requirement (PR:H), specific attack requirements beyond privilege level (AT:P), and impact limited to low availability on the vulnerable system (VA:L) with no subsequent-system effects (SC:N/SI:N/SA:N). Note: the CPE string in the provided intelligence data is malformed, embedding the full vulnerability description text rather than a standard product identifier; specific affected version ranges must be sourced directly from Intel advisory INTEL-SA-01475.

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Severity by source

Vendor (intel) PRIMARY 1.8 LOW
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
vuln.today AI 2.3 LOW

Local-only vector and high privileges required per CVSS 4.0 source; no C/I impact confirmed; unchanged scope with low availability impact only.

3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (intel).

CVSS VectorVendor: intel

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
Present
Privileges Required
High
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
None
Vulnerable system: Integrity
None
Vulnerable system: Availability
Low
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

Out-of-bounds write in the firmware for the Intel(R) Slim Bootloader may allow a denial of service. System software adversary with a privileged user combined with a low complexity attack may enable denial of service. This result may potentially occur via local access when attack requirements are present without special internal knowledge and requires no user interaction. The potential vulnerability may impact the confidentiality (none), integrity (none) and availability (low) of the vulnerable system, resulting in subsequent system confidentiality (none), integrity (none) and availability (none) impacts.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 93% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
specialized embedded and IoT firmware bootloader, not general-purpose enterprise software
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity LOW
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
Low
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

9
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +9
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

Memory corruption occurs when a program writes data beyond the boundaries of allocated memory regions or accesses memory in unintended ways, violating the integrity of the process's address space.

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

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