CVE-2025-21418

HIGH
2025-02-11 [email protected]
7.8
CVSS 3.1
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CVSS Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

4
Analysis Generated
Mar 28, 2026 - 18:26 vuln.today
Patch Released
Mar 28, 2026 - 18:26 nvd
Patch available
Added to CISA KEV
Oct 27, 2025 - 17:13 cisa
CISA KEV
CVE Published
Feb 11, 2025 - 18:15 nvd
HIGH 7.8

Tags

Microsoft Buffer Overflow Heap Overflow Windows 10 1607 Windows 10 1809 Windows 10 21h2 Windows 10 22h2 Windows 11 22h2 Windows 11 23h2 Windows 11 24h2 Windows Server 2008 Windows Server 2012 Windows Server 2016 Windows Server 2019 Windows Server 2022 Windows Server 2022 23h2 Windows Server 2025 Windows

Description

Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Analysis

Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock contains a heap-based buffer overflow enabling local privilege escalation to SYSTEM, exploited in the wild in February 2025.

Technical Context

The CWE-122 heap overflow in afd.sys allows local code to corrupt kernel heap memory through crafted Winsock operations. AFD.sys vulnerabilities are highly valued because the driver is always loaded and accessible from user mode without special privileges.

Affected Products

['Microsoft Windows (AFD.sys)']

Remediation

Apply February 2025 Patch Tuesday update. Monitor for kernel exploitation indicators. Deploy Windows Defender Exploit Guard kernel protections.

Priority Score

103
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: +50
EPSS: +13.6
CVSS: +39
POC: 0

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CVE-2025-21418 vulnerability details – vuln.today
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