What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-24993?

CVE-2025-24993 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.8 (High). CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. EPSS exploitation probability: 1.5%.

Is CVE-2025-24993 being actively exploited?

Yes, CVE-2025-24993 is listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, confirming active in-the-wild exploitation. Immediate patching is required.

How to fix or mitigate CVE-2025-24993?

Within 24 hours: Identify all affected systems and apply vendor patches immediately. If patching is delayed, consider network segmentation to limit exposure.

Windows 10 1507 CVE-2025-24993

HIGH

Heap-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-122)

2025-03-11 secure@microsoft.com

Buffer Overflow Heap Overflow Microsoft Windows 10 1507 Windows 10 1607 Windows 10 1809 Windows 10 21h2 Windows 10 22h2 Windows 11 22h2 Windows 11 23h2 Windows 11 24h2 Windows Server 2008 Windows Server 2012 Windows Server 2016 Windows Server 2019 Windows Server 2022 Windows Server 2022 23h2 Windows Server 2025

7.8

CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: microsoft

View

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-122 OWASP Top 10:2025 A06:2021 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components ASVS 5.0 V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Heap buffer bounds checking MITRE ATT&CK 1 technique across 1 tactic: Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. Sign in to read
Impact	CVSS 7.8 (High). KEV-listed — actively exploited. No authentication required. Kernel-level code execution. NTFS is the default Windows filesystem, maximizing attack surface. No public PoC confirmed but exploitation observed in the wild.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	An attacker crafts a malicious NTFS-formatted drive image (USB or VHD) with specially constructed metadata that triggers the heap overflow in ntfs.sys. Delivery methods include: physical USB drive insertion, VHD file attachment via email, malicious network share, or compromised disk image downloads. When Windows parses the NTFS structures, the kernel pool overflow enables arbitrary code execution at SYSTEM level.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: Active threat signals + CRITICAL/HIGH severity.

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV) No patch listed yet 1.5% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 12, 2026

A heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows NTFS driver allows unauthenticated local code execution, providing kernel-level access when a user mounts a crafted NTFS filesystem image. This KEV-listed vulnerability (CVE-2025-24993) targets the most widely used Windows filesystem, making it a significant threat through malicious USB drives, VHD files, or network shares.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)

v1 Mar 12, 2026 - 19:52 CVSS 7.8

Windows NTFS filesystem driver contains a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) triggered by processing maliciously crafted NTFS structures, enabling arbitrary kernel-mode code execution without authentication.

RemediationAI

Apply Microsoft security update immediately. This is KEV-listed — remediate per CISA deadlines. Restrict VHD mounting via Group Policy. Block VHD/VHDX attachments at email gateways. Limit removable media usage on sensitive systems.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The NTFS.sys kernel driver improperly handles certain NTFS metadata structures, leading to a heap buffer overflow in the kernel pool. NTFS is the default and most trusted filesystem on Windows, so the attack surface is broad — any operation that causes Windows to parse NTFS metadata (mounting drives, opening VHDs, browsing network shares) can trigger the vulnerability.

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (microsoft) PRIMARY 7.8 HIGH

AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft) · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft

Attack Vector

Local

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

None

User Interaction

Required

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High

Lifecycle Timeline

Added to CISA KEV

Oct 27, 2025 - 17:13 cisa

CISA KEV

CVE Published

Mar 11, 2025 - 17:16 nvd

HIGH 7.8

DescriptionCVE.org

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows NTFS allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Organizations using Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows NTFS face notable risk from CVE-2025-24993, a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability rated CVSS 7.8. Exploitation could allow attackers to corrupt memory, crash the application, or potentially execute arbitrary code. This vulnerability is actively exploited in the wild (KEV-listed) and requires immediate remediation. Immediate patching is required per CISA KEV mandate.

Business Impact: Severe

Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If immediate patching is not feasible: (1) Enable ASLR and DEP where available; (2) Implement network segmentation; (3) Monitor for exploitation indicators.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

1.5%

Top 19% exploitable

Data Quality

4 sources

Confidence: Medium

NVD

CVE.org

CISA KEV

EPSS

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity HIGH

CISA KEV Yes

Public POC No

EPSS 1.5%

Patch available No

Active threat Yes

Deciding rule

Active threat signals + CRITICAL/HIGH severity

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived

Out-of-Cycle

Exploitation· derived

Active

System Exposure· derived

Small

Automatable· derived

Human Impact

Very High

Priority Score

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: +50

EPSS: +1

CVSS: +39

PoC: 0

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Buffer Overflow HIGH

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

Heap Overflow HIGH

A heap overflow occurs when a program writes data beyond the bounds of a buffer allocated in the heap memory region.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1507:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1507:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_24h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:arm64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_24h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008:-:sp2:*:*:*:*:x64:*

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008:-:sp2:*:*:*:*:x86:*

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References

Advisories & patches

ADVISORY https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-24993 REF https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-24993

Search Externally

GitHub PoC

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