Dragonfly
CVE-2021-33564
CRITICAL
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Argument sanitization
|
| Impact | CVSS score of 9.8 (CRITICAL). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction not required. Public proof-of-concept exploit code is available. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | This vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network. Successful exploitation could compromise the critical-severity affected system. |
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Alert meAnalysisAI
An argument injection vulnerability in the Dragonfly gem before 1.4.0 for Ruby allows remote attackers to read and write to arbitrary files via a crafted URL when the verify_url option is disabled. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
RemediationAI
A vendor patch is available. Apply the latest security update as soon as possible. Apply vendor patches when available. Implement network segmentation and monitoring as interim mitigations.
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in rubygems
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
This vulnerability is classified under CWE-88. An argument injection vulnerability in the Dragonfly gem before 1.4.0 for Ruby allows remote attackers to read and write to arbitrary files via a crafted URL when the verify_url option is disabled. This may lead to code execution. The problem occurs because the generate and process features mishandle use of the ImageMagick convert utility. Affected products include: Dragonfly Project Dragonfly. Version information: before 1.4.0.
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- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.
CVSS VectorNVD
DescriptionNVD
An argument injection vulnerability in the Dragonfly gem before 1.4.0 for Ruby allows remote attackers to read and write to arbitrary files via a crafted URL when the verify_url option is disabled. This may lead to code execution. The problem occurs because the generate and process features mishandle use of the ImageMagick convert utility.
Threat Intelligence Overview
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
GitHub
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Remote Code Execution represents the critical moment when an attacker successfully runs arbitrary code on a target system without physical access.
Affected Products (CPE)NVD
Dragonfly P2P file distribution system versions 2.4.1-rc.0 and below have a missing authentication vulnerability allowin
Dragonfly is an open source P2P-based file distribution and image acceleration system. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.7), t
A double-free in Dragonfly's RDB stream loader (OpaqueObjLoader::CreateStream in src/server/rdb_load.cc) lets a remote,
Integer overflow in Dragonfly's Count-Min Sketch implementation prior to v1.40.0 allows unauthenticated remote clients t
Unauthenticated remote attackers can crash Dragonfly through 2.0.2 by issuing a single HRANDFIELD, ZRANDMEMBER, or SRAND
Dragonfly is an open source P2P-based file distribution and image acceleration system. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.7), t
Remote denial of service in DragonflyDB before 1.39.0 lets an unauthenticated attacker crash the entire server with a si
Dragonfly is a Java runtime dependency management library. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotel
DragonflyDB Dragonfly before 1.27.0 allows authenticated users to cause a denial of service (daemon crash) via a crafted
DragonflyDB Dragonfly through 1.28.2 (fixed in 1.29.0) allows authenticated users to cause a denial of service (daemon c
Dragonfly is an open source P2P-based file distribution and image acceleration system. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5),
RESP protocol injection in Dragonfly's EvalSerializer allows an authenticated low-privilege user to embed raw CRLF seque
Exploit-DB