Symlink following (CWE-59) in the Windows Update Stack enables a locally authenticated attacker with standard user privileges to elevate to SYSTEM on multiple Windows 11 and Windows Server 2025 builds. The vulnerability is confirmed actively exploited per CISA KEV, with full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact following privilege escalation. Vendor-released patches are available for all identified affected builds and should be treated as an urgent patching priority.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Advanced Local Procedure Call (ALPC) subsystem enables a low-privileged local attacker to elevate privileges to SYSTEM level across a broad range of Windows 10 and Windows Server releases. The flaw (CWE-122) resides in ALPC's message-handling internals, where crafted IPC payloads can corrupt heap memory in a way that redirects execution. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches covering all affected builds.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 and 2026 enables network-delivered remote code execution when a victim user interacts with attacker-supplied content, yielding full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability spans multiple .NET Long-Term Support and current release trains (8.0, 9.0, 10.0, 11.0), significantly broadening the attack surface beyond the IDE to include build servers and CI/CD pipelines ingesting .NET artifacts. Reported through Microsoft's MSRC channel (secure@microsoft.com) with a vendor patch now available; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
OS command injection in the Netis NX10 router's ping diagnostic handler allows authenticated administrators to execute arbitrary commands as root by embedding shell metacharacters in the IpAddr parameter. The device's firmware (V4.0.1.5808 and V3.0.0.4142) interpolates this parameter directly into a system() call with an incomplete denylist that filters spaces, pipes, semicolons, and ampersands but leaves command substitution syntax ($() and backticks) and IFS-based space bypasses fully exploitable. A publicly available exploit is referenced via VulnCheck and hackwithmike.com; no vendor-released patch has been identified at time of analysis.
Memory corruption in FFmpeg before 8.1 allows an attacker who can supply a crafted H.264/HEVC media file to corrupt heap memory during RTP encoding, with potential for arbitrary code execution. The root cause is in nal_send() within libavformat/rtpenc_h264_hevc.c, where a negative size value (-3) is passed directly to memcpy, producing an out-of-bounds write. A public proof-of-concept exploit is available, though EPSS probability remains low at 0.17% and no active exploitation has been confirmed by CISA.
Out-of-bounds write in D-Link DIR-822A firmware A_101 allows network-reachable authenticated attackers to corrupt memory and likely achieve remote code execution by sending a crafted L2TP control message with a malformed Host Name AVP to the vulnerable tunnel_set_params function. A public proof-of-concept demonstrating the specific Host Name AVP overflow has been published on Notion, substantially lowering the exploitation barrier. No vendor-released patch has been identified at time of analysis, leaving affected devices exposed without a direct remediation path.
Stack-based buffer overflow in D-Link DIR-895L router (firmware A1_102b07) affects the udhcpcd DHCP server daemon's sendOffer() and sendACK() functions when parsing TR-111 Option 125 vendor-specific data. An adjacent-network unauthenticated attacker can send a crafted DHCP packet to trigger the overflow, potentially achieving arbitrary code execution on the router with daemon-level privileges. A public proof-of-concept exploit has been published targeting this exact vector, and no vendor patch has been identified for this legacy device.
Hard-coded cryptographic key (CWE-321) in AVEVA Pipeline Integrity Monitor through version 2025 SP1 P1 (build 7.1.9580.8513) enables any local user with read access to PIMBoards project files to decrypt and view sensitive protected content. The CVSS 4.0 vector's subsequent-system impacts (SC:H/SI:H) indicate the decrypted material - likely credentials, connection strings, or configuration data - is sufficient to compromise downstream pipeline control or monitoring infrastructure, making this a lateral-movement enabler in OT/ICS environments. Reported by ICS-CERT (ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov) with a vendor advisory from AVEVA; no public exploit is identified at time of analysis.
Weak password hashing in AVEVA PIMBoards (Pipeline Integrity Monitor ≤ 2025 SP1 P1, build 7.1.9580.8513) enables a local attacker with read access to project files to recover app-native user credentials through offline brute-force, then escalate privileges to a PIMBoards administrator account. The CWE-327 root cause - use of a broken or risky cryptographic algorithm for password storage - means hashes can be cracked computationally without network-side rate limiting or lockout defenses. Reported via ICS-CERT and covered under AVEVA security bulletin AVEVA-2026-006; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing is present at time of analysis.
Remote code execution in Microsoft SQL Server 2019, 2022, and 2025 is achievable by an authenticated low-privilege attacker via deserialization of untrusted data (CWE-502) delivered over the network. The flaw covers multiple build tracks across three major SQL Server versions, with full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact on the database host. Microsoft has released patches for all affected versions; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Remote code execution in Microsoft Dynamics 365 on-premises version 9.1 (prior to build 9.1.0046.0006) is achievable by an authenticated low-privileged attacker via deserialization of untrusted data over the network. The CWE-502 flaw allows crafted serialized objects to be processed without adequate validation, yielding full confidentiality, integrity, and availability compromise of the affected server. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released a patch addressing this vulnerability.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft SQL Server 2022 enables an authenticated low-privileged network attacker to execute arbitrary code on the database server host. Both the GDR and CU 26 servicing branches of SQL Server 2022 are affected, with Microsoft having released fixed builds in both channels. No public exploit code has been identified and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog at time of analysis, but the low attack complexity and full network reachability make this a high-priority patching target for any organization running SQL Server 2022.
Remote code execution in Microsoft Exchange Server allows a low-privileged authenticated network attacker to execute arbitrary code by supplying externally controlled file paths (CWE-73). Affected are Exchange Server 2016 CU23, 2019 CU14/CU15, and the Subscription Edition RTM release lines, all prior to their respective July 2026 patch levels. No public exploit or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at time of analysis, though Microsoft's history with Exchange RCE vulnerabilities makes this a high-priority remediation target for any organization running on-premises Exchange.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Kernel enables network-reachable remote code execution across virtually every supported Microsoft Windows release, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. The vulnerability requires no privileges from the attacker but does require user interaction (CVSS UI:R), meaning a victim must interact with attacker-controlled content before kernel-level exploitation can proceed, yielding full compromise with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. No public exploit code has been identified and this vulnerability does not appear in the CISA KEV catalog at time of analysis, but the extraordinary breadth of affected OS versions and the kernel-level impact class make timely patching critical.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft SQL Server 2022 and 2025 allows a low-privileged, network-authenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution against the database engine. The vulnerability is reachable over the network with low complexity, requiring only a valid SQL Server login - no elevated privileges or user interaction. Patch has been released by Microsoft across both GDR and Cumulative Update servicing branches; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on a victim's system when the victim opens a specially crafted Office document. Multiple product lines are affected, including Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise, Office LTSC 2021/2024, Office 2016/2019, and Mac variants of each. With a CVSS score of 8.8 and full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact, this is a high-severity code execution path; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, and a vendor-released patch is available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft SQL Server 2017 and 2019 enables unauthenticated network attackers to execute arbitrary code on the database host with high impact across confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The flaw (CWE-122) is reachable without credentials over the network, though user interaction is required per the vendor CVSS vector (UI:R), placing the CVSS base score at 8.8. A vendor patch is available, and no public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
SQL injection in Microsoft SQL Server enables a low-privileged authenticated attacker to escalate database privileges over a network connection. Affected versions span all active servicing branches of SQL Server 2017, 2019, 2022, and 2025 - including both GDR and Cumulative Update channels - making this a broad-surface enterprise concern. Vendor-released patches are available across all affected branches; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing identified at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation via permissive cross-domain policy in the Azure Arc SQL Server Extension (versions < 1.1.3518.465) allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to leverage a victim's authenticated session to make cross-origin API calls and elevate privileges over the network. The flaw stems from an overly permissive CORS/cross-domain policy that trusts untrusted external domains, enabling attacker-controlled pages to issue privileged requests on behalf of a visiting authenticated user. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, but a vendor-released patch is available.
Privilege escalation in Microsoft SQL Server 2017 through 2025 allows any low-privileged authenticated database user to exploit improper symbolic link resolution during SQL Server file operations to gain high-level control over the host system across the network. The root cause is CWE-59 (link following): SQL Server resolves file system links without validating the resolved path, enabling a low-privilege login to redirect the high-privilege SQL Server service account into accessing or overwriting attacker-controlled targets. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the low attack complexity and broad affected version scope - spanning all major SQL Server releases still in mainstream support - make patching an immediate operational priority.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft SQL Server 2017 through 2025 enables an authenticated low-privilege network attacker to execute arbitrary code on the database host. The vulnerability (CWE-122) resides in a network-reachable code path, requiring only valid SQL Server credentials - no elevated database roles or special configuration. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis, but the full CIA impact and low attack complexity make this a high-priority patching target in enterprise environments.
Remote code execution in Microsoft SQL Server 2025 is achievable by a network-authenticated attacker exploiting a heap-based buffer overflow in the database engine. The flaw (CWE-122) affects both the GDR and CU8 cumulative update branches of SQL Server 2025, requires only a low-privilege database login (PR:L per CVSS), and yields full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact upon successful exploitation. Vendor patch is available via the Microsoft Security Response Center; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Remote code execution is possible in Microsoft SQL Server 2017 through 2025 via a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) triggered over a network connection by a low-privileged authenticated attacker. The vulnerability spans all major in-support release branches including GDR and Cumulative Update servicing tracks, with fixed builds identified across eight distinct release configurations. No active exploitation has been confirmed in CISA KEV, but the low attack complexity and broad version coverage make this a high-priority patch target for any organization running SQL Server on the network perimeter or in multi-tenant environments.
SQL injection in Microsoft SQL Server (versions 2017 through 2025) enables a network-authenticated low-privilege attacker to escalate privileges within the database engine. The flaw exists across all current servicing tracks - both cumulative update (CU) and general distribution release (GDR) branches - for SQL Server 2017, 2019, 2022, and 2025. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, but vendor-released patches are available for all affected versions.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft SQL Server enables an authenticated, low-privileged network attacker to achieve remote code execution with full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. Affected versions span SQL Server 2017 through 2025 across both Cumulative Update and General Distribution Release (GDR) servicing tracks. No public exploit code or active exploitation via CISA KEV has been identified at time of analysis; vendor patches are available from Microsoft.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft SQL Server (versions 2017 through 2025) enables any authenticated network attacker holding a low-privileged SQL Server account to achieve full remote code execution on the database host. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) confirms exploitation requires no user interaction and is low-complexity once a valid login is held, with complete confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches across all affected major release branches including both CU and GDR servicing tracks.
Remote code execution in Microsoft SQL Server affects versions 2017 through 2025 via an integer overflow that triggers a heap-based buffer overflow in the database engine. An authenticated low-privileged attacker reachable over the network can exploit this flaw to achieve full system compromise - confidentiality, integrity, and availability all rated High. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patched builds across all affected version branches.
Remote code execution in Microsoft SQL Server 2025 is achievable by low-privileged authenticated attackers over the network via a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122). Both the GDR (General Distribution Release) and CU8 (Cumulative Update 8) servicing tracks for SQL Server 2025 are affected, spanning version ranges 17.0.1050.2-17.0.1135.8 and 17.0.0.0-17.0.4085.5 respectively. Vendor patches are available through the Microsoft Security Response Center; no public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at the time of analysis.
Privilege escalation in Microsoft SQL Server (versions 2017, 2019, 2022, and 2025) allows a low-privileged authenticated user to elevate their database permissions to a higher role over the network via CWE-269 improper privilege management. With a CVSS 8.8 score and vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:L, the flaw requires only a valid SQL Server login - no attack complexity, no user interaction - and yields full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact on the database instance. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis, but the near-zero exploitation prerequisites within a widely deployed enterprise platform make urgent patching essential.
Remote code execution in Microsoft SQL Server 2017 and 2019 is enabled by an integer overflow that precipitates a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122), allowing an unauthenticated network attacker to execute arbitrary code on the database host. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R) indicates low attack complexity and no required privileges, though some user interaction is required, moderating fully automated exploitation. No public exploit code or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at time of analysis; vendor-released patches are available for all affected servicing branches.
Privilege escalation in Microsoft SQL Server (2017 through 2025) allows a low-privileged authenticated network attacker to gain full administrative control via improper access control enforcement. The vulnerability spans four major SQL Server release trains - 2017, 2019, 2022, and 2025 - including both Cumulative Update (CU) and General Distribution Release (GDR) servicing branches. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, but the low attack complexity and broad affected surface across enterprise SQL Server deployments make this a meaningful priority for patching.
Privilege escalation in Microsoft SQL Server allows a network-authenticated low-privileged attacker to elevate to higher database roles via a weak authentication mechanism (CWE-1390). Affected releases span SQL Server 2017 through 2025 across both General Distribution Release (GDR) and Cumulative Update (CU) servicing branches. Microsoft has released patched builds for all affected versions; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation in Microsoft SQL Server allows a low-privileged, authenticated network attacker to elevate access rights and achieve full control over database confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The root cause is CWE-1220 (Insufficient Granularity of Access Control), meaning SQL Server fails to enforce sufficiently fine-grained permission boundaries between privilege tiers, permitting lateral movement to higher roles without authorization. All active major servicing branches are affected - SQL Server 2017, 2019, 2022, and 2025 - and Microsoft has released patches across both Cumulative Update and GDR servicing tracks. No public exploit or active exploitation (KEV) has been identified at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation in Microsoft SQL Server 2017 through 2025 allows a low-privileged authenticated attacker to elevate to higher database or system-level permissions over a standard network connection. The flaw, rooted in CWE-284 (Improper Access Control), requires only a valid low-privilege SQL Server login and network reachability to the instance - no special configuration or user interaction is needed. Microsoft has released patches across all affected cumulative update and GDR servicing branches; no public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation via SQL injection in Microsoft SQL Server affects versions 2017 through 2025, allowing an authenticated low-privileged network user to gain elevated database privileges. The vulnerability stems from improper neutralization of special elements in SQL commands (CWE-89), and spans both Cumulative Update and General Distribution Release (GDR) servicing branches across all major SQL Server generations. Patch is available from Microsoft; no public exploit code or active exploitation (CISA KEV) confirmed at time of analysis.
Authorization bypass in Visual Studio Code versions 1.0.0 through 1.136.1 allows an unauthenticated network attacker to circumvent a security feature via a user-controlled key (CWE-639), with user interaction required to trigger exploitation. The CVSS 8.8 score reflects full impact across confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating potential complete compromise of the affected VS Code instance. A vendor-released patch is available in version 1.136.2 per the Microsoft Security Response Center; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft SQL Server 2017 through 2025 enables an authenticated network attacker with low-level database credentials to achieve full remote code execution on the SQL Server host. The CVSS 8.8 (PR:L) rating reflects that any valid SQL Server login - not just a DBA - can trigger the overflow, making this dangerous in environments with broad user bases or shared credentials. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, but patches are available from Microsoft across all affected major versions.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft SQL Server (2017 through 2025) enables network-reachable, low-privileged authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code on the database server. With CVSS 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N), exploitation requires only a valid database login - no administrative privileges or user interaction - making this a credible lateral-movement vector in environments with reachable SQL Server instances. Vendor patches are available across all affected GDR and CU servicing tracks; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft SQL Server 2025 allows a network-authenticated low-privileged attacker to achieve remote code execution against affected database instances. Both the GDR servicing branch (below 17.0.1135.8) and the CU8 cumulative update branch (below 17.0.4085.5) are vulnerable. Microsoft has released patches via MSRC; no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft SQL Server enables a low-privileged authenticated attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code on the database server. All major active SQL Server branches are affected - 2017, 2019, 2022, and the newly released 2025 edition - across both Cumulative Update (CU) and General Distribution Release (GDR) servicing tracks. Microsoft has released build-specific patches; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Use-after-free memory corruption in Microsoft SQL Server enables a network-authenticated low-privileged attacker to achieve arbitrary code execution with full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. Affected versions span all actively serviced SQL Server releases from 2017 through 2025, across both Cumulative Update (CU) and General Distribution Release (GDR) servicing branches. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the low authentication barrier (any valid SQL Server login) and network accessibility make this a high-priority patching target in enterprise environments.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft SQL Server enables an authenticated, low-privileged network attacker to escalate privileges to full control of the database instance. Affected versions span SQL Server 2017 through the newly released SQL Server 2025 across both Cumulative Update (CU) and General Distribution Release (GDR) servicing tracks. Vendor-released patches are available; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation in Microsoft SQL Server allows an authenticated low-privileged network attacker to gain complete control over affected database instances across SQL Server 2017, 2019, 2022, and 2025. The flaw stems from CWE-1220 (Insufficient Granularity of Access Control), where the access control model fails to enforce fine-grained permission boundaries, permitting a standard database login to exceed its intended privilege scope. No active exploitation has been confirmed by CISA KEV and no public proof-of-concept has been identified, but the broad version coverage and full C:H/I:H/A:H CVSS impact make patching urgent. Vendor-released patches are available across all affected release tracks.
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Authenticator for Android (versions 6.0.0 through below 16.3.0) allows a local attacker without any prior privileges to bypass the app's authentication controls and elevate privileges on the device. The scope-changed CVSS vector (S:C) reflects that a successful bypass extends impact beyond the Authenticator app itself - potentially compromising MFA-protected accounts and downstream Microsoft or enterprise services. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis, though the wide affected version range (spanning a very broad Android release history) increases exposure surface considerably.
Stack-based buffer overflow in Microsoft SQL Server 2019, 2022, and 2025 enables an authenticated network attacker with low-level privileges to execute arbitrary code, with scope change enabling impact beyond the SQL Server process itself. The vulnerability carries CVSS 8.5 (S:C) with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact, indicating that successful exploitation can compromise not just the database engine but potentially the underlying OS. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, though CVSS AC:H reflects meaningful exploitation complexity requiring careful payload construction against modern memory protections.
Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft SQL Server 2019, 2022, and 2025 enables an authenticated low-privilege attacker to execute arbitrary code over the network with scope-changed impact. The CWE-125 memory safety flaw in the database engine is reachable via standard SQL Server network access, and the scope-changed CVSS vector (S:C) indicates successful exploitation can escape the SQL Server process boundary to affect the underlying host. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing are confirmed at time of analysis; the AC:H metric signals non-trivial exploitation complexity, but the breadth of affected versions across three major SQL Server release branches demands priority patching.
Remote code execution in Microsoft SQL Server allows an authenticated low-privilege attacker to exploit an untrusted pointer dereference (CWE-822) over the network, achieving full compromise of the host with scope change beyond the database engine. Affected instances span SQL Server 2019, 2022, and 2025 across both Cumulative Update and GDR servicing branches. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, though the high complexity rating (AC:H) and scope change (S:C) signal a serious memory corruption primitive when conditions are met.
Remote code execution via deserialization of untrusted data in Microsoft SQL Server 2019, 2022, and 2025 allows an unauthenticated network attacker to achieve full system compromise with high complexity exploitation conditions. The vulnerability (CWE-502) exists in SQL Server's handling of serialized objects over the network, enabling attackers to trigger code execution without authentication. No public exploit or KEV listing is confirmed at time of analysis, though vendor-released patches are available across all three major affected release lines.
Security feature bypass in Visual Studio Code before 1.136.2 allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to circumvent a protection mechanism via a failing-open (CWE-636) code path, resulting in high confidentiality impact and limited integrity impact across a changed scope. The vulnerability is reachable over the network with low complexity but requires user interaction, suggesting an attacker must induce the victim to open a crafted workspace, file, or URI. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis, though Microsoft has released a patch.
Security feature bypass in Visual Studio Code (versions 1.0.0 through below 1.136.2) allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to circumvent a protective security control via an interpretation conflict in the editor's processing pipeline. The vulnerability requires user interaction (UI:R) - a victim must open or interact with attacker-influenced content - after which the scope change (S:C) and high confidentiality impact suggest sensitive host data or credentials may be exfiltrated beyond the process boundary. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.