Denial Of Service

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: clk: mmp2: call pm_genpd_init() only after genpd.name is set Setting the genpd's struct device's name with dev_set_name() is. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: clk: qcom: dispcc-sm6350: Add missing parent_map for a clock If a clk_rcg2 has a parent, it should also have parent_map defined,. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: uvcvideo: Fix crash during unbind if gpio unit is in use We used the wrong device for the device managed functions. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: clk: qcom: gcc-sm6350: Add missing parent_map for two clocks If a clk_rcg2 has a parent, it should also have parent_map defined,. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: mac80211: don't flush non-uploaded STAs If STA state is pre-moved to AUTHORIZED (such as in IBSS scenarios) and insertion. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: btusb: mediatek: Add locks for usb_driver_claim_interface() The documentation for usb_driver_claim_interface() says that. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/msm/dpu: check dpu_plane_atomic_print_state() for valid sspp Similar to the r_pipe sspp protect, add a check to protect the. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: OPP: fix dev_pm_opp_find_bw_*() when bandwidth table not initialized If a driver calls dev_pm_opp_find_bw_ceil/floor() the retrieve. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: clk: mmp: pxa1908-mpmu: Fix a NULL vs IS_ERR() check The devm_kzalloc() function returns NULL on error, not error pointers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: clk: mmp: pxa1908-apbcp: Fix a NULL vs IS_ERR() check The devm_kzalloc() function doesn't return error pointers, it returns NULL on. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: clk: mmp: pxa1908-apbc: Fix NULL vs IS_ERR() check The devm_kzalloc() function returns NULL on error, not error pointers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: cfg80211: tests: Fix potential NULL dereference in test_cfg80211_parse_colocated_ap() kunit_kzalloc() may return NULL,. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: iwlwifi: mvm: avoid NULL pointer dereference When iterating over the links of a vif, we need to make sure that the pointer is. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ubifs: skip dumping tnc tree when zroot is null Clearing slab cache will free all znode in memory and make c->zroot.znode = NULL,. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: idpf: convert workqueues to unbound When a workqueue is created with `WQ_UNBOUND`, its work items are served by special. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: staging: media: max96712: fix kernel oops when removing module The following kernel oops is thrown when trying to remove the. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.1), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/amdgpu: Fix potential NULL pointer dereference in atomctrl_get_smc_sclk_range_table The function. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipmi: ipmb: Add check devm_kasprintf() returned value devm_kasprintf() can return a NULL pointer on failure but this returned value. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

OpenTelemetry dotnet is a dotnet telemetry framework. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Sysax Multi Server 6.99 is vulnerable to a denial of service (DoS) condition when processing specially crafted SSH packets. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

OpenDJ is an LDAPv3 compliant directory service. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.7), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

An attacker with low privileges can manipulate the requested memory size, causing the application to use an invalid memory area. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Vasion Print (formerly PrinterLogic) before Virtual Appliance Host 22.0.843 Application 20.0.1923 allows Remote Network Scanning (XSPA)/DoS OVE-20230524-0013. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Use after free in Profiles in Google Chrome prior to 134.0.6998.35 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

NVIDIA Hopper HGX for 8-GPU contains a vulnerability in the GPU vBIOS that may allow a malicious actor with tenant level GPU access to write to an unsupported registry causing a bad state. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

NVIDIA Hopper HGX for 8-GPU contains a vulnerability in the HGX Management Controller (HMC) that may allow a malicious actor with administrative access on the BMC to access the HMC as an. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.1), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

It was possible to cause a use-after-free in the content process side of a WebTransport connection, leading to a potentially exploitable crash. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in Open5GS up to 2.7.2. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

in OpenHarmony v5.0.2 and prior versions allow a local attacker arbitrary code execution in pre-installed apps through use after free. Rated low severity (CVSS 3.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

in OpenHarmony v5.0.2 and prior versions allow a local attacker arbitrary code execution in pre-installed apps through use after free. Rated low severity (CVSS 3.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

in OpenHarmony v5.0.2 and prior versions allow a local attacker arbitrary code execution in pre-installed apps through use after free. Rated low severity (CVSS 3.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

in OpenHarmony v5.0.2 and prior versions allow a local attacker cause DOS through NULL pointer dereference. Rated low severity (CVSS 3.3), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

in OpenHarmony v5.0.2 and prior versions allow a local attacker cause DOS through NULL pointer dereference. Rated low severity (CVSS 3.3), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

in OpenHarmony v5.0.2 and prior versions allow a local attacker arbitrary code execution in pre-installed apps through through NULL pointer dereference.. Rated low severity (CVSS 3.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

in OpenHarmony v5.0.2 and prior versions allow a local attacker arbitrary code execution in pre-installed apps through use after free. Rated low severity (CVSS 3.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

in OpenHarmony v5.0.2 and prior versions allow a local attacker arbitrary code execution in pre-installed apps through use after free. Rated low severity (CVSS 3.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

in OpenHarmony v5.0.2 and prior versions allow a local attacker arbitrary code execution in pre-installed apps through use after free. Rated low severity (CVSS 3.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

A vulnerability was found in Open5GS up to 2.7.2. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.

In NGINX Unit before version 1.34.2 with the Java Language Module in use, undisclosed requests can lead to an infinite loop and cause an increase in CPU resource utilization. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

In the CGI gem before 0.4.2 for Ruby, a Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) vulnerability exists in the Util#escapeElement method. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. No vendor patch available.

In the CGI gem before 0.4.2 for Ruby, the CGI::Cookie.parse method in the CGI library contains a potential Denial of Service (DoS) vulnerability. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in D-Link DAP-1562 1.10. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.1), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

Abacus is a highly scalable and stateless counting API. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Various Paragon Software products contain a null pointer dereference vulnerability within biontdrv.sys that is caused by a lack of a valid MasterLrp structure in the input buffer, allowing an. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.1), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

A stack overflow flaw was found when reading a BFS file system. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.1). No vendor patch available.

WeGIA is an open source Web Manager for Institutions with a focus on Portuguese language users. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.2), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.

Tuleap is an open-source suite designed to improve software development management and collaboration. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity.

Memory corruption in display driver while detaching a device. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

In Modem, there is a possible system crash due to a missing bounds check. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

In Modem, there is a possible memory corruption due to incorrect error handling. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

A vulnerability was found in zj1983 zz up to 2024-8. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

list_item_verbose in tar/util.c in libarchive through 3.7.7 does not check an strftime return value, which can lead to a denial of service or unspecified other impact via a crafted TAR archive that. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.0), this vulnerability is no authentication required. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

A Use After Free vulnerability on UniFi Protect Cameras could allow a Remote Code Execution (RCE) by a malicious actor with access to UniFi Protect Cameras management network. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. No vendor patch available.

A flaw was found in the OpenSSH package. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. Epss exploitation probability 42.5% and no vendor patch available.

IBM MQ 9.3 LTS, 9.3 CD, 9.4 LTS, and 9.4 CD could allow a local user to cause a denial of service due to an improper check for unusual or exceptional conditions. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Application does not limit the number or frequency of user interactions, such as the number of incoming requests. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

IBM MQ 9.3 LTS, 9.3 CD, 9.4 LTS, and 9.4 CD could allow an authenticated user to cause a denial of service due to the improper handling of invalid headers sent to the queue. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

A NULL pointer dereference in Draytek devices Vigor 165/166 prior to v4.2.6 , Vigor 2620/LTE200 prior to v3.9.8.8, Vigor 2860/2925 prior to v3.9.7, Vigor 2862/2926 prior to v3.9.9.4, Vigor. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fbdev: omap: use threaded IRQ for LCD DMA When using touchscreen and framebuffer, Nokia 770 crashes easily with: BUG: scheduling. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ptp: Ensure info->enable callback is always set The ioctl and sysfs handlers unconditionally call the ->enable callback. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: driver core: class: Fix wild pointer dereferences in API class_dev_iter_next() There are a potential wild pointer dereferences. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: xdp: Disallow attaching device-bound programs in generic mode Device-bound programs are used to support RX metadata kfuncs. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: PCI: rcar-ep: Fix incorrect variable used when calling devm_request_mem_region() The rcar_pcie_parse_outbound_ranges() uses the. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: ethernet: ti: am65-cpsw: fix freeing IRQ in am65_cpsw_nuss_remove_tx_chns() When getting the IRQ we use. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: firewire: test: Fix potential null dereference in firewire kunit test kunit_kzalloc() may return a NULL pointer, dereferencing it. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mailbox: th1520: Fix a NULL vs IS_ERR() bug The devm_ioremap() function doesn't return error pointers, it returns NULL. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

Mastodon is a self-hosted, federated microblogging platform. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Allocation of Resources Without Limits vulnerability could allow attackers to exhaust system resources through uncontrolled allocation.

IBM EntireX 11.1 could allow a local user to cause a denial of service due to use of a regular expression with an inefficient complexity that consumes excessive CPU cycles. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vxlan: check vxlan_vnigroup_init() return value vxlan_init() must check vxlan_vnigroup_init() success otherwise a crash happens. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: gpiolib: Fix crash on error in gpiochip_get_ngpios() The gpiochip_get_ngpios() uses chip_*() macros to print messages. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: batman-adv: fix panic during interface removal Reference counting is used to ensure that batadv_hardif_neigh_node and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: x86: Reject Hyper-V's SEND_IPI hypercalls if local APIC isn't in-kernel Advertise support for Hyper-V's SEND_IPI and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tracing: Do not allow mmap() of persistent ring buffer When trying to mmap a trace instance buffer that is attached to reserve_mem,. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ring-buffer: Validate the persistent meta data subbuf array The meta data for a mapped ring buffer contains an array of indexes of. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: USB: hub: Ignore non-compliant devices with too many configs or interfaces Robert Morris created a test program which can cause. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: can: ctucanfd: handle skb allocation failure If skb allocation fails, the pointer to struct can_frame is NULL. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: can: rockchip: rkcanfd_handle_rx_fifo_overflow_int(): bail out if skb cannot be allocated Fix NULL pointer check in. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: can: etas_es58x: fix potential NULL pointer dereference on udev->serial The driver assumed that es58x_dev->udev->serial could never. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: fix assertion failure when splitting ordered extent after transaction abort If while we are doing a direct IO write a. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/mlx5: HWS, change error flow on matcher disconnect Currently, when firmware failure occurs during matcher disconnect flow, the. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This Use After Free vulnerability could allow attackers to access freed memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: brcmfmac: Check the return value of of_property_read_string_index() Somewhen between 6.10 and 6.11 the driver started to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Input: synaptics - fix crash when enabling pass-through port When enabling a pass-through port an interrupt might come before. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.7).

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: brcmfmac: fix NULL pointer dereference in brcmf_txfinalize() On removal of the device or unloading of the kernel module a. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ceph: fix memory leak in ceph_mds_auth_match() We now free the temporary target path substring allocation on every possible branch,. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: HID: winwing: Add NULL check in winwing_init_led() devm_kasprintf() can return a NULL pointer on failure,but this returned value in. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: HID: multitouch: Add NULL check in mt_input_configured devm_kasprintf() can return a NULL pointer on failure,but this returned. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nvkm/gsp: correctly advance the read pointer of GSP message queue A GSP event message consists three parts: message header, RPC. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: MGMT: Fix slab-use-after-free Read in mgmt_remove_adv_monitor_sync This fixes the following crash:. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This Use After Free vulnerability could allow attackers to access freed memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ASoC: SOF: Intel: hda-dai: Ensure DAI widget is valid during params Each cpu DAI should associate with a widget. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: platform/x86: int3472: Check for adev == NULL Not all devices have an ACPI companion fwnode, so adev might be NULL. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability could allow attackers to crash the application by dereferencing a null pointer.