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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Obtain low-privilege local access
  2. Delivery
    Run crafted NTFS-triggering program
  3. Exploit
    Trigger out-of-bounds read in NTFS driver
  4. Execution
    Leak kernel memory to bypass mitigations
  5. Impact
    Elevate to SYSTEM privileges

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Bounds checking, read limits
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Collection

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the attacker to already possess local, authenticated access to the target Windows system (PR:L) - e.g., an interactive low-privileged user session or control of a low-privilege process capable of executing code that interacts with the NTFS driver. No user interaction is required (UI:N) and attack complexity is low (AC:L), but the vector is strictly local (AV:L): there is no network-reachable path, which materially limits exposure to insiders, post-compromise lateral movement, or malware that has already gained a foothold. The flaw affects default configurations of the NTFS filesystem driver across the listed Windows 10/11 and Windows Server 2012-2025 builds, so no special non-default feature needs to be enabled; the primary limiting factor is the prerequisite of existing local code execution.

Impact

This is a credible but not emergency-level priority. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H, base 7.8) describes a local privilege-escalation flaw: the attacker must already have local, authenticated access (PR:L) before exploiting it, which caps real-world urgency compared to a remote unauthenticated bug. CISA's SSVC framework reinforces a measured posture - Exploitation: none, Automatable: no, Technical Impact: total - meaning there is no observed exploitation and the flaw cannot be mass-automated, even though successful exploitation yields total impact (full system compromise, consistent with C:H/I:H/A:H). There is no CISA KEV listing and no public exploit identified, so this is not currently weaponized. No EPSS score was provided in the input, so exploitation probability cannot be quantified here. Note a classification tension: the Description and CWE-125 (out-of-bounds read) frame this as an elevation-of-privilege/memory-read issue, yet the input Tags include 'Information Disclosure', and an OOB read primarily threatens confidentiality - the C:H/I:H/A:H vector reflects Microsoft's standard treatment of a local EoP to SYSTEM rather than a pure read primitive. Overall: a real patch-worthy issue, especially on multi-user or shared hosts, but a high-CVSS-but-low-immediate-real-risk profile given local-only access and no exploitation signal.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker who already has a low-privileged foothold on a Windows host (e.g., a standard user account or a compromised low-privilege service) runs a crafted program that triggers an out-of-bounds read in the NTFS driver to leak kernel memory and escalate to SYSTEM. Because AC:L and UI:N, no user interaction or special timing is needed once local code execution is available. No public proof-of-concept has been identified at the time of analysis.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 13, 2026

Local privilege escalation in the Windows NTFS filesystem driver (CVE-2026-96928) allows an attacker who already holds a low-privileged, authenticated local session - or who controls a low-privilege process able to touch the NTFS driver - to trigger an out-of-bounds read in kernel mode and elevate to SYSTEM. The defect affects default NTFS configurations across Windows 10, Windows 11 (23H2 through 26H2) and Windows Server 2012 through 2025, requires no user interaction and is low complexity, but remains strictly local (AV:L), so exposure is limited to insiders, malware with an existing foothold, or post-compromise lateral movement. Microsoft has published vendor fixes via the MSRC update guide; no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis and CISA's SSVC assessment records exploitation as 'none', making this a credible local escalation primitive rather than an emergency remote threat.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: Microsoft has published fixes for this issue in the MSRC update guide (https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-96928), delivered as cumulative updates that bring each affected build above the boundary recorded for it in the EUVD ranges - for example Windows 11 23H2 to 10.0.22631.7652 or later, Windows 11 24H2 to 10.0.26100.9711 or later, Windows 11 26H1 to 10.0.28000.3231 or later, Windows 10 1809 to 10.0.17763.9376 or later, Windows Server 2019 to 10.0.17763.9376 or later, Windows Server 2022 to 10.0.20348.5761 or later, and Windows Server 2025 to 10.0.26100.33650 or later; apply the current monthly cumulative update for every Windows 10, Windows 11 and Windows Server 2012-2025 (including Server Core) installation in scope and verify the resulting build number with winver or Get-ComputerInfo. Because exploitation requires pre-existing local code execution, the practical urgency is driven by the value of the endpoint: prioritize internet-facing and multi-user hosts, domain controllers, hypervisors and jump boxes where a low-privileged foothold is most likely to be converted into SYSTEM. Where patching must be staged, compensating controls should target the local-attacker prerequisite rather than the NTFS parsing path itself - restrict interactive and remote interactive logon rights to only the accounts that require them, remove unnecessary local administrator and debug/tracing privileges so that a low-privileged process cannot stage the triggering operations, and control the ability to mount or attach external NTFS media by requiring administrative rights for VHD/VHDX attachment, blocking autorun of removable volumes, and disabling or tightly auditing non-administrative use of mount points and disk-image tooling (for example PowerShell Mount-DiskImage or diskpart attach vdisk). Each of these controls reduces the local attack surface but carries trade-offs: tightening logon and mount rights breaks legitimate workflows for helpdesk and engineering staff, and blocking removable-media mounting can interfere with backup and imaging processes. Given that no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis and SSVC records exploitation as 'none', these measures are appropriate as temporary risk reduction rather than as a substitute for applying the vendor update promptly.

Affected VersionsENISA

Windows 11 Version 24H2 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.9711
Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) 6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.26434
Windows Server 2016 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33650
Windows Server 2019 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows 11 Version 23H2 10.0.22631.0 <10.0.22631.7652
Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows Server 2012 6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.26434
Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.0 <10.0.20348.5761
Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows 11 Version 26H2 10.0.26300.0 <10.0.26300.9711
Windows 10 Version 21H2 10.0.19044.0 <10.0.19044.7807
Windows 10 Version 1607 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33650
Windows Server 2012 R2 6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.23470
Windows 10 Version 1809 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows 11 Version 25H2 10.0.26200.0 <10.0.26200.9711
Windows 10 Version 22H2 10.0.19045.0 <10.0.19044.7807
Windows 11 version 26H1 10.0.28000.0 <10.0.28000.3231
Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) 6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.23470

Affected Packages

euvd windows_10_version_1607 fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_10_version_1809 fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_10_version_21h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7807
euvd windows_10_version_22h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7807
euvd windows_11_version_23h2 fix: 10.0.22631.7652
euvd windows_11_version_24h2 fix: 10.0.26100.9711
euvd windows_11_version_25h2 fix: 10.0.26200.9711
euvd windows_11_version_26h1 fix: 10.0.28000.3231
euvd windows_11_version_26h2 fix: 10.0.26300.9711
euvd windows_server_2012 fix: 6.2.9200.26434
euvd windows_server_2012_r2 fix: 6.3.9600.23470
euvd windows_server_2012_r2_server_core_installation fix: 6.3.9600.23470
euvd windows_server_2012_server_core_installation fix: 6.2.9200.26434
euvd windows_server_2016 fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_server_2016_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_server_2019 fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_server_2019_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_server_2022 fix: 10.0.20348.5761
euvd windows_server_2025 fix: 10.0.26100.33650
euvd windows_server_2025_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.26100.33650

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 20 packages in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The vulnerability is a CWE-125 out-of-bounds read inside the Windows NTFS kernel-mode driver, the component responsible for parsing and servicing the NTFS on-disk format. Kernel filesystem drivers routinely walk untrusted on-disk structures - MFT records, attribute lists, $LogFile/journal entries, reparse points and various metadata blocks - and an OOB read of this class typically arises when a length, offset or index derived from such structures is not validated against the size of the buffer it indexes, causing the driver to read past the end of an allocated pool block. Because the read occurs in kernel context, the impact is not limited to information disclosure: leaked kernel memory plus the memory-corruption potential of an under-validated parsing path can yield a full kernel-mode primitive, which is consistent with the assessed CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H vector (complete confidentiality, integrity and availability impact confined to the local host). The supplied tags align with this reading, classifying the issue as both a buffer-overflow-style memory-safety defect and an information-disclosure issue. The local vector (AV:L) and low privilege prerequisite (PR:L) mean the flaw cannot be reached over the network: the attacker must already be able to execute code on the machine, for example through an interactive low-privileged account, a compromised application, or by inducing the system to mount and parse a crafted NTFS volume. The ENISA EUVD entry (EUVD-2026-99792) tracks the same issue and its affected build ranges, and the SSVC decision framework rates the technical impact as total while marking exploitation as 'none' and the attack as non-automatable.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (microsoft) PRIMARY 7.8 HIGH
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
vuln.today AI 7.8 HIGH

Local-only NTFS driver flaw requiring an existing low-privileged account (AV:L/PR:L), easily triggered (AC:L) with no interaction, yielding full SYSTEM control (C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft).

CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch available
Oct 13, 2026 - 20:20 EUVD
CVE Published
Oct 13, 2026 - 19:22 cve.org
HIGH 7.8

DescriptionCVE.org

Out-of-bounds read in Windows NTFS allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

A privilege-escalation flaw in the Windows NTFS filesystem driver affects default installations of Windows 10, Windows 11 (23H2 through 26H2) and Windows Server 2012 through 2025, allowing anyone who already has a foothold on a machine to obtain full SYSTEM-level control of that host. Because the weakness is local-only, it is not a remote entry point, but it is an effective force multiplier for insiders, commodity malware, and attackers moving laterally after an initial compromise - turning a single low-privilege foothold into complete control of the endpoint and any credentials or data on it. Leadership should treat this as a fleet-wide endpoint hardening obligation rather than a perimeter emergency, and prioritize patching on high-value servers and executive or administrative workstations.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 77% exploitable
Prevalence
Ubiquitous
NTFS is the core filesystem driver in virtually all Windows installations
Vendor Status
Publicly Disclosed:No
Exploited:No
Latest Software Release:Exploitation Unlikely
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Defer
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable
No
Human Impact
High
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

39
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +39
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

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Windows Internet Shortcut Files (.url) contain an external control vulnerability (CVE-2025-33053, CVSS 8.8) that enables

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FreeFloat FTP Server contains multiple critical design flaws that allow unauthenticated remote attackers to upload arbit

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Serviio Media Server versions 1.4 through 1.8 on Windows contain an unauthenticated command injection in the /rest/actio

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8.2 Nov 19

Twonky Server 8.5.2 uses hard-coded cryptographic keys for encrypting the administrator password. Combined with the cred

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9.3 Jul 10

Mako Server versions 2.5 and 2.6 contain an unauthenticated OS command injection via the tutorial interface at examples/

CVE-2025-11953 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Nov 03

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