Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessObtain low-privileged local account
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ExploitInteract with RRAS service interface
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ExecutionTrigger out-of-bounds read
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ImpactDisclose adjacent memory contents
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Bounds checking, read limits
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Collection The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires the Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) role/feature to be installed and running on the target Windows host - this is not enabled in default Windows client or server installations, which substantially narrows the attack surface. The attacker must additionally hold valid credentials for a low-privileged local account (PR:L) and have local access to the machine (AV:L); there is no remote vector and no user interaction is required (UI:N). The primary limiting factors are therefore: mandatory pre-existing authenticated local access, and the non-default presence of the RRAS role. Affected and patched builds span the full supported Windows range (e.g. Windows Server 2012 <6.2.9200.26434 through Server 2025 <10.0.26100.33650 and Windows 11 24H2/25H2/26H2 <10.0.26x00.9711). |
| Impact | This is a genuinely moderate, low-urgency issue - not a top priority. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) describes a locally-exploitable flaw requiring the attacker to already hold valid low-privilege credentials on the host; it is not remotely reachable. Impact is limited to confidentiality (C:H/I:N/A:N), consistent with an out-of-bounds read that leaks memory contents (CWE-125) rather than enabling code execution or tampering. All exploitation signals align toward low real-world risk: CISA's SSVC decision framework reports Exploitation=none, Automatable=no, and Technical Impact=partial, and there is no KEV listing and no public exploit identified at time of analysis. EPSS is not provided in the input, so probabilistic exploitation likelihood cannot be quantified here. There are no conflicting signals - the local vector, low privileges-required, partial technical impact, and absence of exploitation evidence are mutually consistent. The only amplifying factor is deployment breadth (Windows), but that is offset by the requirement that the RRAS role be installed and by the local-access precondition. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | A local attacker who already has a low-privileged foothold on a Windows host running the Routing and Remote Access Service triggers the vulnerable RRAS code path to read out-of-bounds memory, disclosing adjacent process memory that may contain sensitive data such as tokens or configuration secrets. No public exploit code is available, and the attack cannot be performed remotely or without an existing authenticated account. Given AV:L/AC:L, exploitation is technically straightforward once local access is obtained, but the local-access and RRAS-role prerequisites sharply limit opportunity. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 14, 2026
An out-of-bounds read in the Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an attacker who already holds valid credentials for a low-privileged local account to read memory beyond the bounds of an allocated buffer and disclose information from the affected host; no user interaction is required. The exposure is narrowed considerably by two prerequisites: RRAS is a non-default role that must be installed and running, and exploitation requires local access plus low-privileged authentication, so there is no remote or unauthenticated path. Impact is confidentiality-only (high) with no integrity or availability effect, and no public exploit identified at time of analysis; CISA's SSVC assessment rates exploitation as none and the activity as not automatable, making this a moderate, low-urgency issue rather than a top patching priority.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: Microsoft has published fixes through the MSRC update guide (https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-85794); apply the latest cumulative security update for each affected build so that it reaches or exceeds the fixed thresholds - 6.2.9200.26434 (Server 2012), 6.3.9600.23470 (Server 2012 R2), 10.0.14393.9612 (Server 2016 / Windows 10 1607), 10.0.17763.9376 (Server 2019 / Windows 10 1809), 10.0.19044.7807 (Windows 10 21H2/22H2), 10.0.20348.5761 (Server 2022), 10.0.22631.7652 (Windows 11 23H2), 10.0.26100.9711 (Windows 11 24H2), 10.0.26100.33650 (Server 2025), 10.0.26200.9711 (Windows 11 25H2), 10.0.26300.9711 (Windows 11 26H2) and 10.0.28000.3231 (Windows 11 26H1). Because the CVSS vector is AV:L/PR:L, firewalls and network controls do not reduce risk: prioritize patch deployment on hosts where the RRAS role is actually installed, and deprioritize systems without it, since the role is not enabled by default. Where patching must be deferred, the most effective compensating control is to stop and disable the Remote Access service and remove the Routing and Remote Access role from hosts that do not require VPN, routing, dial-up or NAT - the trade-off is loss of those functions (and a reboot/role removal step), which is usually acceptable on servers that were never intended to route traffic. Reducing the population of local accounts with interactive logon rights on RRAS hosts limits the PR:L precondition, at the cost of some administrative convenience, but it is the only control that addresses the required local authenticated access while the service must remain running.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 20 packages in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
The root cause class is CWE-125 (Out-of-bounds Read) in the Windows Routing and Remote Access Service, the component that provides VPN termination, LAN/WAN routing, dial-up and NAT functionality on Windows Server (and, when installed, on client SKUs). RRAS parses local configuration and request data in kernel/user components, and the flaw causes a buffer to be read past its allocated length - the classic out-of-bounds read pattern where insufficient bounds checking lets a caller observe adjacent memory contents, resulting in information disclosure rather than memory corruption. The assessed vector, CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N, confirms the profile: local attack vector, low attack complexity, low privileges required, no user interaction, unchanged scope, high confidentiality impact, and no integrity or availability impact. The affected build ranges reported by EUVD span essentially the entire supported Windows fleet - Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025 and Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H2/26H1 - but the practical attack surface is limited to hosts where the RRAS role/feature has actually been enabled, which is not the default state for either client or server installations. Because the vector is AV:L with PR:L, network segmentation and edge filtering provide no mitigation whatsoever; the only meaningful preconditions to attack are a local logon and the non-default RRAS role.
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Severity by source
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Local info-disclosure requiring an existing low-privileged account yields AV:L/PR:L; out-of-bounds read affects only confidentiality (C:H), with no integrity or availability impact.
Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft).
CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
Out-of-bounds read in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
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EUVD-2026-99506
GHSA-m5w9-jxh7-rrwr
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB