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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Lure victim to malicious RDP server
  2. Delivery
    Client initiates/accepts connection
  3. Exploit
    Send crafted server response data
  4. Execution
    Trigger out-of-bounds read in client parser
  5. Impact
    Exfiltrate disclosed memory contents

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Bounds checking, read limits
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Collection

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the victim to connect their Remote Desktop Client to an attacker-controlled or compromised RDP server (CVSS UI:R) - this is a client-side flaw, so the attacker cannot trigger it by reaching a listening service on the victim. No authentication is required of the attacker (PR:N), and attack complexity is low (AC:L), so once the victim connects, the crafted server traffic reliably triggers the out-of-bounds read. The dependence on user-initiated outbound connection is the primary limiting factor; there is no indication of a non-default configuration requirement, and the affected component is present on all supported Windows versions by default.

Impact

This is a moderate-priority issue, not a top-tier emergency. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N, base 6.5) describes a network-reachable, unauthenticated, low-complexity information-disclosure flaw, but the UI:R flag is decisive: it is a client-side out-of-bounds read, meaning the victim must initiate or accept a connection to an attacker-controlled Remote Desktop endpoint rather than being attacked passively. All three corroborating real-world signals point downward and are mutually consistent: CISA SSVC lists Exploitation as 'none', Automatable as 'no', and Technical Impact as 'partial', there is no CISA KEV listing, and no public proof-of-concept is referenced. Impact is confined to confidentiality (C:H, I:N, A:N) - memory disclosure only, with no code execution or integrity/availability loss indicated. The signals are not conflicting; they coherently describe a real but user-interaction-gated memory-disclosure bug that merits routine patching rather than crisis response. The main caveat is that CVSS alone cannot confirm whether disclosed memory contains sensitive material (credentials, session data) versus benign bytes, so C:H should be read as the vendor's conservative worst case.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker stands up a malicious or compromised Remote Desktop server and lures a victim into connecting to it (for example via a crafted .rdp file or a spoofed/hijacked host). When the victim's Remote Desktop Client parses the attacker's crafted server responses, an out-of-bounds read leaks adjacent process memory back toward the attacker. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and the attack cannot proceed without the user establishing the connection.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.9% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 14, 2026

An out-of-bounds read in the Windows Remote Desktop Client lets a malicious or compromised RDP server leak process memory, giving an unauthenticated attacker a network-based information disclosure path against any Windows host whose user connects to that server. The flaw is strictly client-side: the victim must initiate an outbound RDP session (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N, 6.5), which is the main limiting factor, while confidentiality impact is rated High and no authentication, integrity, or availability impact is involved. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, CISA SSVC records exploitation as "none" and automatable as "no", and Microsoft has published remediation through its Security Update Guide, making this a moderate-priority issue rather than a top-tier emergency.

RemediationAI

Patch status is "Patch available per vendor advisory": Microsoft lists fixes for CVE-2026-85337 in the Security Update Guide (https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-85337), and the EUVD range data maps the remediation to fixed build thresholds including Windows 11 23H2 10.0.22631.7652, Windows 11 24H2 10.0.26100.9711, Windows 11 25H2 10.0.26200.9711, Windows 11 26H1 10.0.28000.3231, Windows 11 26H2 10.0.26300.9711, Windows 10 1607 / Server 2016 10.0.14393.9612, Windows 10 1809 / Server 2019 10.0.17763.9376, Windows 10 21H2/22H2 10.0.19044.7807, Windows Server 2012 6.2.9200.26434, Windows Server 2012 R2 6.3.9600.23470, Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.5761 and Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.33650 - deploy the corresponding monthly cumulative update (Windows Update, WSUS, or the Microsoft Update Catalog) as the primary and only complete fix, prioritizing endpoints whose users routinely make outbound RDP connections to third-party or untrusted hosts. No vendor workaround is documented, and no feature can be simply disabled because the client is a default OS component, so interim risk reduction is architectural: enforce host-firewall or perimeter egress rules that restrict outbound TCP/3389 to an allow-list of approved RDP destinations, and require users to reach external desktops through an organization-controlled gateway or RDP broker rather than direct mstsc connections. The trade-off is operational friction - blocking outbound RDP breaks legitimate remote-support and BYO-device workflows and may push users toward unsanctioned tooling, and an allow-list must be maintained or it will be bypassed; these controls reduce exposure but do not eliminate the over-read, so patching remains mandatory. Because exploitation depends on the user connecting to a hostile server, awareness guidance to avoid unsolicited .rdp files and unknown RDP endpoints adds marginal value but should not be treated as a substitute for the update.

Affected VersionsENISA

Windows 10 Version 1607 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows 11 Version 25H2 10.0.26200.0 <10.0.26200.9711
Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) 6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.26434
Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows 11 version 26H1 10.0.28000.0 <10.0.28000.3231
Windows 11 Version 24H2 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.9711
Windows Server 2016 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33650
Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) 6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.23470
Windows Server 2012 R2 6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.23470
Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.0 <10.0.20348.5761
Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33650
Windows 10 Version 21H2 10.0.19044.0 <10.0.19044.7807
Windows 11 Version 23H2 10.0.22631.0 <10.0.22631.7652
Windows Server 2019 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows Server 2012 6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.26434
Windows 10 Version 22H2 10.0.19045.0 <10.0.19044.7807
Windows 10 Version 1809 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows 11 Version 26H2 10.0.26300.0 <10.0.26300.9711

Affected Packages

euvd windows_10_version_1607 fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_10_version_1809 fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_10_version_21h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7807
euvd windows_10_version_22h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7807
euvd windows_11_version_23h2 fix: 10.0.22631.7652
euvd windows_11_version_24h2 fix: 10.0.26100.9711
euvd windows_11_version_25h2 fix: 10.0.26200.9711
euvd windows_11_version_26h1 fix: 10.0.28000.3231
euvd windows_11_version_26h2 fix: 10.0.26300.9711
euvd windows_server_2012 fix: 6.2.9200.26434
euvd windows_server_2012_r2 fix: 6.3.9600.23470
euvd windows_server_2012_r2_server_core_installation fix: 6.3.9600.23470
euvd windows_server_2012_server_core_installation fix: 6.2.9200.26434
euvd windows_server_2016 fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_server_2016_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_server_2019 fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_server_2019_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_server_2022 fix: 10.0.20348.5761
euvd windows_server_2025 fix: 10.0.26100.33650
euvd windows_server_2025_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.26100.33650

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 20 packages in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The root cause is CWE-125 (Out-of-bounds Read) in the Remote Desktop client stack that ships by default with every supported Windows release, including Server Core installations. RDP is a server-driven protocol: once the client connects, the server dictates capability exchange, virtual-channel negotiation, graphics/bitmap updates and other structures that the client parses; a bounds-checking defect in that parsing path allows the server to make the client read past the end of an allocated buffer, and the over-read contents can be reflected back or otherwise observed by the attacker-controlled peer. Because the attacker controls the server side, no listener, exposed service, or victim-side authentication is needed - the trigger is entirely user-initiated outbound traffic, which is why the assessed vector uses PR:N with UI:R and only a confidentiality (C:H) impact. No CPE strings were supplied in the source data, but the EUVD affected-version ranges identify the exposure precisely by Windows build numbers, and the SSVC assessment (partial technical impact, non-automatable, no observed exploitation) is consistent with a memory-disclosure primitive that requires per-victim social or infrastructure leverage rather than mass scanning.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (microsoft) PRIMARY 6.5 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
vuln.today AI 6.5 MEDIUM

Client-side flaw triggered over the network against an attacker server, so AV:N/PR:N but UI:R; out-of-bounds read yields confidentiality loss only, hence C:H/I:N/A:N.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft).

CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch available
Oct 13, 2026 - 20:20 EUVD
CVE Published
Oct 13, 2026 - 19:20 cve.org
MEDIUM 6.5

DescriptionCVE.org

Out-of-bounds read in Remote Desktop Client allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.9%
Top 42% exploitable
Prevalence
Ubiquitous
Remote Desktop Client (mstsc) ships built-in with every supported Windows release
Vendor Status
Publicly Disclosed:No
Exploited:No
Latest Software Release:Exploitation Less Likely
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.9%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

33
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: +1
CVSS: +32
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

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